54 results on '"Martin V. Angel"'
Search Results
2. Identification, Discrimination, and Discovery of Species of Marine Planktonic Ostracods Using DNA Barcodes.
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Lisa M Nigro, Martin V Angel, Katarzyna Blachowiak-Samolyk, Russell R Hopcroft, and Ann Bucklin
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The Ostracoda (Crustacea; Class Ostracoda) is a diverse, frequently abundant, and ecologically important component of the marine zooplankton assemblage. There are more than 200 described species of marine planktonic ostracods, many of which (especially conspecific species) can be identified only by microscopic examination and dissection of fragile morphological characters. Given the complexity of species identification and increasing lack of expert taxonomists, DNA barcodes (short DNA sequences for species discrimination and identification) are particularly useful and necessary. Results are reported from analysis of 210 specimens of 78 species of marine planktonic ostracods, including two novel species, and 51 species for which barcodes have not been previously published. Specimens were collected during 2006 to 2008 from the Atlantic, Indian, and Southern Oceans, Greenland Sea and Gulf of Alaska. Samples were collected from surface to 5,000 m using various collection devices. DNA sequence variation was analyzed for a 598 base-pair region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Kimura-2-Parameter (K2P) genetic distances within described species (mean = 0.010 ± 0.017 SD) were significantly smaller than between species (0.260 + 0.080), excluding eight taxa hypothesized to comprise cryptic species due to morphological variation (especially different size forms) and/or collection from different geographic regions. These taxa showed similar K2P distance values within (0.014 + 0.026) and between (0.221 ± 0.068) species. All K2P distances > 0.1 resulted from comparisons between identified or cryptic species, with no overlap between intra- and interspecific genetic distances. A Neighbor Joining tree resolved nearly all described species analyzed, with multiple sequences forming monophyletic clusters with high bootstrap values (typically 99%). Based on taxonomically and geographically extensive sampling and analysis (albeit with small sample sizes), the COI barcode region was shown to be a valuable character for discrimination, recognition, identification, and discovery of species of marine planktonic ostracods. more...
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- 2016
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Catalog
3. Description of two new Proceroecia species (Ostracoda: Halocyprididae) from neritic waters off South Korea with an insight into the morphological and molecular diversity of the genus
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Eunha Choi, Wonchoel Lee, Ivana Karanovic, and Martin V. Angel
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Male ,Arthropoda ,Ostracoda ,Biodiversity ,Zoology ,Genus ,Crustacea ,Ostracod ,Republic of Korea ,Animals ,Animalia ,Myodocopa ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Taxonomy ,Antenna (biology) ,biology ,Halocyprida ,Halocyprididae ,Plankton ,biology.organism_classification ,Type species ,Taxon ,Female ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Taxonomy (biology) - Abstract
Two new planktonic ostracods of the genus Proceroecia Kock, 1992, P. hwanghaensis sp. nov. and P. joseondonghaensis sp. nov., collected from neritic waters off the south coast of South Korea are described. Morphologically, they are similar to P. microprocera (Angel, 1971), the type species of the genus, but show several clear morphological differences, most prominent being the shape of the male endopodite on the second antenna and the presence of a sensilla on the coxale of the fifth limb. The two new species have subtle differences, such as the length of the frontal organ, number of spines on the comb-like e-seta on the first antenna in males, number of spinules on the b-seta on the second antenna in females, etc. Sequences derived from partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 (mtCOI) for these novel species have been compared with sequences available for other Proceroecia species on GenBank, including P. microprocera. These comparisons suggest that both new species are distinct taxa. They also indicate that one set of sequences on GeneBank previously attributed to P. microprocera and derived from material collected from Chinese waters, belong to P. hwanghaensis, and that another set of sequences of an unidentified Proceroecia species from the South China Sea can be attributable to P. joseondonghaensis. Hence, these new species occur widely in the neritic waters of East Asia. The present study increases the number of the known Proceroecia species to nine, and the numbers of halocyprid ostracod species recorded from Korean waters to six. more...
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- 2020
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4. Bathymetric Distribution of Planktonic Ostracods (Ostracoda; Crustacea) in the Gulf of Oman (Northwest Indian Ocean) in relation to the Oxygen Minimum Zone
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Carol Graves and Martin V. Angel
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Indian ocean ,Oceanography ,biology ,business.industry ,Distribution (economics) ,Bathymetry ,Plankton ,biology.organism_classification ,Oxygen minimum zone ,business ,Crustacean ,Geology - Published
- 2017
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5. Septemoecia a new genus of halocyprid ostracod (Myodocopa, Halocyprididae, Bathyconchoeciinae) for the seven-spined species formerly attributed to Bathyconchoecia
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Martin V. Angel and Simone N. Brandão
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0106 biological sciences ,Arthropoda ,Ostracoda ,010607 zoology ,Zoology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Crustacea ,Ostracod ,Animalia ,Animals ,Carapace ,Myodocopa ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Taxonomy ,biology ,Halocyprida ,Biodiversity ,Halocyprididae ,biology.organism_classification ,Crustacean ,Type species ,Zoogeography ,Female ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Meristics - Abstract
The five species with seven large carapace spines that were previously assigned to the genus Bathyconchoecia are re-classified in a new genus Septemoecia. Septemoecia longispinata (Ellis, 1987) (new combination) is designated as the type species. The previously unknown adult female of S. georgei (Kornicker & Rudjakov, 2004) (new combination) and adults of S. septemspinosa (Angel, 1970) (new combination) are described. Meristic and zoogeographical data are presented and a key to the species based on external carapace characters is provided. more...
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- 2018
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6. Crustacea: Ostracoda
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Martin V. Angel and Anthony W.G. John
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This chapter describes the taxonomy of Ostracoda, small bivalved crustaceans ranging in size from 0.2 to > 30 mm. The majority are benthic and belong to the subclass Podocopa. The chapter focuses on the holoplanktonic oceanic species. It covers their life cycle, ecology, and general morphology. It includes a section that indicates the systematic placement of the taxon described within the tree of life, and lists the key marine representative illustrated in the chapter (usually to genus or family level). This section also provides information on the taxonomic authorities responsible for the classification adopted, recent changes which might have occurred, and lists relevant taxonomic sources. more...
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- 2017
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7. Our Environmental Hopes for 1985-86 (continued)
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null N. P., Monkombu S. Swaminathan, Gro Harlem Brundtland, Michel Batisse, Martin V. Angel, and John L. Cloudsley-Thompson
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Geography ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Pollution ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Water Science and Technology - Published
- 2017
8. A global biogeographic classification of the mesopelagic zone
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A.C. Pierrot-Bults, Alexander L. Vereshchaka, Malcolm R. Clark, Telmo Morato, Kristina M. Gjerde, Martin V. Angel, Dhugal J. Lindsay, Uwe Piatkowski, Patricio Bernal, Alex Rogers, Mikko Heino, Bruce H. Robison, Patrick N. Halpin, Karen F. Wishner, Steven J. Bograd, Tracey T. Sutton, José Angel Alvarez Perez, John M. Guinotte, Richard L. Haedrich, Katarzyna Błachowiak-Samołyk, Jeffrey C. Drazen, Gabriel Reygondeau, and Daniel C. Dunn more...
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0106 biological sciences ,Marine conservation ,Geospatial analysis ,Mesopelagic zone ,Biogeographical ecoregions ,Biodiversity ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,Oceanography ,computer.software_genre ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Ecoregion ,14. Life underwater ,Oceanic biomes ,Upwelling ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Pelagic zone ,Marine spatial planning ,Gyres ,15. Life on land ,13. Climate action ,Oxygen minimum zones ,Spatial ecology ,computer - Abstract
We have developed a global biogeographic classification of the mesopelagic zone to reflect the regional scales over which the ocean interior varies in terms of biodiversity and function. An integrated approach was necessary, as global gaps in information and variable sampling methods preclude strictly statistical approaches. A panel combining expertise in oceanography, geospatial mapping, and deep-sea biology convened to collate expert opinion on the distributional patterns of pelagic fauna relative to environmental proxies (temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen at mesopelagic depths). An iterative Delphi Method integrating additional biological and physical data was used to classify biogeographic ecoregions and to identify the location of ecoregion boundaries or inter-regions gradients. We define 33 global mesopelagic ecoregions. Of these, 20 are oceanic while 13 are ‘distant neritic.’ While each is driven by a complex of controlling factors, the putative primary driver of each ecoregion was identified. While work remains to be done to produce a comprehensive and robust mesopelagic biogeography (i.e., reflecting temporal variation), we believe that the classification set forth in this study will prove to be a useful and timely input to policy planning and management for conservation of deep-pelagic marine resources. In particular, it gives an indication of the spatial scale at which faunal communities are expected to be broadly similar in composition, and hence can inform application of ecosystem-based management approaches, marine spatial planning and the distribution and spacing of networks of representative protected areas. publishedVersion more...
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- 2017
9. Bathyconchoeciinae, a new subfamily of deep oceanic planktonic halocyprid Ostracod (Myodocopa, Ostracoda)
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Carol Graves and Martin V. Angel
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Systematics ,Taxon ,Subfamily ,biology ,Genus ,Ecology ,Range (biology) ,Ostracod ,Animal Science and Zoology ,biology.organism_classification ,Myodocopa ,Crustacean ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Species of the genera Bathyconchoecia and Scottoecia are currently classified in the subfamily Euconchoeciinae together with species of the genus Euconchoecia. The morphological and ecological characteristics of many of the species currently attributable to these two taxa are compared with a range of Euconchoecia species and are shown to differ extensively. These differences are sufficient to separate these taxa at the subfamily level. Therefore, a new subfamily, the Bathyconchoeciinae is proposed to accommodate all the species currently classified in the genera Bathyconchoecia and Scottoecia. more...
- Published
- 2013
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10. The Magnitude of Global Marine Species Diversity
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Kristian Fauchald, Gary C. B. Poore, Rosana M. Rocha, Mark L. Tasker, William F. Perrin, Gretchen Lambert, Magdalena Błażewicz-Paszkowycz, Mark J. Costello, Patsy A. McLaughlin, Michael D. Guiry, Christer Erséus, Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa, Daryl P. Domning, Jan Vanaverbeke, John F. Pilger, Bert W. Hoeksema, Jürgen B. Kolb, Gary C. Williams, Claus Nielsen, Dennis P. Gordon, Tarmo Timm, Daphne G. Fautin, Alan Warren, Matt Longshaw, Christian C. Emig, Geoffrey B. Read, Peter Uetz, Birger Neuhaus, Simon P. Wilson, Jon L. Norenburg, Reinhardt Møbjerg Kristensen, Marco Curini-Galletti, Nico Koedam, Francisco Hernandez, Niel L. Bruce, Damià Jaume, Noa Shenkar, Erik V. Thuesen, Kareen E. Schnabel, Tin-Yam Chan, Christopher L. Mah, David Lazarus, Andreas Kroh, Russell R. Hopcroft, Jan Mees, Serge Gofas, Stefan Koenemann, Kenneth Meland, Wolfgang Sterrer, Tina N. Molodtsova, Caryn Self-Sullivan, Hidetaka Furuya, Seth Tyler, Genefor Walker-Smith, Marc Rius, Volker Siegel, Ward Appeltans, Farid Dahdouh-Guebas, Enrico Schwabe, Jacob van der Land, Wim Decock, Thomas H. Cribb, Marilyn Schotte, Dennis M. Opresko, M. Antonio Todaro, Sabine Stöhr, Peter Schuchert, Martin V. Angel, David I. Gibson, Claudia E. Mills, T. Chad Walter, Sarah Gerken, Allen Gilbert Collins, J.I. Saiz-Salinas, Rafael Lemaitre, Hendrik Segers, Stephen D. Cairns, Stephen W. Feist, Gustav Paulay, Leen van Ofwegen, James Davis Reimer, Sammy De Grave, Ilse Bartsch, Roger N. Bamber, Charles H. J. M. Fransen, Peter J. F. Davie, Simone N. Brandão, Óscar García-Álvarez, Arjan Gittenberger, Nicole J. de Voogd, Nicolas Bailly, Victor Scarabino, Jim Lowry, Christopher B. Boyko, Gary L. Anderson, Paul M. Kirk, P.R. Pugh, Phil Bock, Bernd Schierwater, Laurence P. Madin, Tom Artois, Xavier Turon, Bart Vanhoorne, Annalisa Berta, Anthony Barber, R. A. Bray, William N. Eschmeyer, Shane T. Ahyong, Enrique Macpherson, Rich Mooi, Billie J. Swalla, Charles G. Messing, Liza Gómez-Daglio, Masayuki Osawa, Peter K. L. Ng, Geoff A. Boxshall, Gill Mapstone, Rob W. M. Van Soest, Michael N Dawson, Lanna Cheng, Olivier De Clerck, Appeltans, Ward, Ahyong, Shane T., Anderson, Gary, Angel, Martin V., ARTOIS, Tom, Bailly, Nicolas, Bamber, Roger, Barber, Anthony, Bartsch, Ilse, Berta, Annalisa, Blazewicz-Paszkowycz, Magdalena, Bock, Phil, Boxshall, Geoff, Boyko, Christopher B., Brandao, Simone Nunes, Bray, Rod A., Bruce, Niel L., Cairns, Stephen D., Chan, Tin-Yam, Cheng, Lanna, Collins, Allen G., Cribb, Thomas, Curini-Galletti, Marco, Dandouh-Guebas, Farid, Davie, Peter J. F., Dawson, Michael N., De Clerck, Olivier, Decock, Wim, De Grave, Sammy, de Voogd, Nicole J., Domning, Daryl P., Emig, Christian C., Erseus, Christer, Eschmeyer, William, Fauchald, Kristian, Fautin, Daphne G., Feist, Stephen W., Fransen, Charles H. J. M., Furuya, Hidetaka, Garcia-Alvarez, Oscar, Gerken, Sarah, Gibson, David, Gittenberger, Arjan, Gofas, Serge, Gomez-Daglio, Liza, Gordon, Dennis P., Guiry, Michael D., Hernandez, Francisco, Hoeksema, Bert W., Hopcroft, Russell R., Jaume, Damia, Kirk, Paul, Koedam, Nico, Koenemann, Stefan, Kolb, Juergen B., Kristensen, Reinhardt M., Kroh, Andreas, Lambert, Gretchen, Lazarus, David B., Lemaitre, Rafael, Longshaw, Matt, Lowry, Jim, Macpherson, Enrique, Madin, Laurence P., Mah, Christopher, Mapstone, Gill, McLaughlin, Patsy A., Mees, Jan, Meland, Kenneth, Messing, Charles G., Mills, Claudia E., Molodtsova, Tina N., Mooi, Rich, Neuhaus, Birger, Ng, Peter K. L., Nielsen, Claus, Norenburg, Jon, Opresko, Dennis M., Osawa, Masayuki, Paulay, Gustav, Perrin, William, Pilger, John F., Poore, Gary C. B., Pugh, Phil, Read, Geoffrey B., Reimer, James D., Rius, Marc, Rocha, Rosana M., Saiz-Salinas, Jose I., Scarabino, Victor, Schierwater, Bernd, Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas, Schnabel, Kareen E., Schotte, Marilyn, Schuchert, Peter, Schwabe, Enrico, Segers, Hendrik, Self-Sullivan, Caryn, Shenkar, Noa, Siegel, Volker, Sterrer, Wolfgang, Stohr, Sabine, Swalla, Billie, Tasker, Mark L., Thuesen, Erik V., Timm, Tarmo, Todaro, M. Antonio, Turon, Xavier, Tyler, Seth, Uetz, Peter, van der Land, Jacob, Vanhoorne, Bart, van Ofwegen, Leen P., van Soest, Rob W. M., Vanaverbeke, Jan, Walker-Smith, Genefor, Walter, T. Chad, Warren, Alan, Williams, Gary C., Wilson, Simon P., and Costello, Mark J. more...
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Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ,Cell Biology ,0106 biological sciences ,future ,Species complex ,Aquatic Organisms ,knowledge ,taxonomists ,sea ,Databases, Factual ,Fauna ,Biogeography ,invertebrate ,Aquatic species ,Biodiversity ,Zoology ,rates ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,biology.animal ,vertebrate ,Animals ,14. Life underwater ,Factual database ,oceans ,biogeography ,Invertebrate ,Species diversity ,biodiversity ,Marine biology ,Models, Statistical ,biology ,Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all) ,Marine ,Ecology ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all) ,Animal ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Vertebrate ,Eukaryota ,Global ,worms ,Species richness ,Statistical model ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,richness - Abstract
Appeltans, Ward ... et al., Background: The question of how many marine species exist is important because it provides a metric for how much we do and do not know about life in the oceans. We have compiled the first register of the marine species of the world and used this baseline to estimate how many more species, partitioned among all major eukaryotic groups, may be discovered. Results: There are ∿226,000 eukaryotic marine species described. More species were described in the past decade (∿20,000) than in any previous one. The number of authors describing new species has been increasing at a faster rate than the number of new species described in the past six decades. We report that there are ∿170,000 synonyms, that 58,000-72,000 species are collected but not yet described, and that 482,000-741,000 more species have yet to be sampled. Molecular methods may add tens of thousands of cryptic species. Thus, there may be 0.7-1.0 million marine species. Past rates of description of new species indicate there may be 0.5 ± 0.2 million marine species. On average 37% (median 31%) of species in over 100 recent field studies around the world might be new to science. Conclusions: Currently, between one-third and two-thirds of marine species may be undescribed, and previous estimates of there being well over one million marine species appear highly unlikely. More species than ever before are being described annually by an increasing number of authors. If the current trend continues, most species will be discovered this century. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd., WoRMS has benefited from funding as part of several EU projects: Network of Excellence in Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning (MarBEF), Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure (PESI), Distributed Dynamic Diversity Databases for Life (4D4Life), the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), and the Census of Marine Life (CoML). It originated in the European Register of Marine Species (ERMS) that was funded by the EU Marine Science and Technology (MAST) research program more...
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- 2012
11. Distribution of pelagic Ostracoda (Crustacea) inhabiting the waters around Svalbard (Arctic Ocean: 76°36–81°50N)
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Martin V. Angel, Katarzyna Błachowiak-Samołyk, and Anna Baczewska
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Water mass ,Ecology ,Pelagic zone ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,Plankton ,biology.organism_classification ,Pollution ,Crustacean ,Zooplankton ,Latitude ,Arctic ,Environmental Science(all) ,Longitude - Abstract
Although, pelagic Ostracoda are locally abundant component of the mesozooplankton in the waters around Svalbard, the group remains poorly characterised both taxonomically and ecologically. Herein, the spatial and vertical variations in abundances and species composition of the pelagic Ostracoda assemblages are examined and related to the water masses. The study is based on a series of zooplankton samples collected with a multinet plankton sampler (MPS; HydroBios, Kiel), consisting of five nets fitted with a 180-μm mesh net. Samples were collected from deep stations (i.e., with bottom depths >300 m) around Svalbard and included localities influenced by the West Spitsbergen Current and the East Spitsbergen Current and to the north of Svalbard, between years 2001 and 2006. Throughout all the samples studied Discoconchoecia elegans was the numerically dominant species. The other species found were Boroecia maxima, Boroecia borealis, Obtusoecia obtusata, and a rare novel Boroecia species. Analyses of the pelagic Ostracoda assemblages showed that their variability was predominantly influenced by four factors: water temperature, geographical position, bottom depth and season. The highest densities of D. elegans were correlated with salinities >35 PSU whereas B. maxima distribution was dependent on latitude. Highest concentrations of B. borealis were determined by longitude. Abundances of O. obtusata were positively correlated with warmer water temperatures. Thus this work suggests that halocyprids have the potential to be good indicators of environmental changes associated with shifts in climate at high latitudes in the North Atlantic. more...
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- 2011
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12. Towards a full inventory of planktonic Ostracoda (Crustacea) for the subtropical Northwestern Atlantic Ocean
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Martin V. Angel
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biology ,fungi ,Mandibulata ,Species diversity ,Subtropics ,Plankton ,Oceanography ,biology.organism_classification ,Crustacean ,Water column ,Zoogeography ,Geology ,Holocene - Abstract
92 species of planktonic ostracods were identified from five total water column samples of macroplankton collected from the surface to depths of 5000 m in the northwest subtropical Atlantic. Thirteen of these species are either totally novel or previously undescribed. This brings the total inventory of planktonic ostracods known from this region to118 species, and for the whole Atlantic to 153. All but one of the undescribed species were collected from depths >1000 m. This region is already the most comprehensively studied in the global ocean for plankonic ostracods. Similar studies conducted in other less well studied regions particularly in the Pacific and Indian Oceans will reveal far higher numbers of novel species. more...
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- 2010
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13. Deep-sea sampling on CMarZ cruises in the Atlantic Ocean – an Introduction
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Dhugal J. Lindsay, Laurence P. Madin, Ann Bucklin, Russell R. Hopcroft, Tracey T. Sutton, Peter H. Wiebe, Francescn Pages, and Martin V. Angel
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Diversity ,education.field_of_study ,Mesopelagic zone ,Ecology ,Bathypelagic ,Population ,Rare species ,Species diversity ,Biology ,Oceanography ,DNA barcoding ,Zooplankton ,Bathyal zone ,Fish ,Abundance (ecology) ,Mesopelagic ,DNA barcode ,education ,Atlantic Ocean ,Sargasso Sea - Abstract
Special issue Species Diversity of Marine Zooplankton.-- 10 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables, The deep-sea zooplankton assemblage is hypothesized to have high species diversity, with low abundances of each species. However, even rare species may have huge population sizes and play a critical role in the dynamics of deep-sea environments. The Census of Marine Zooplankton (CMarZ) study sought to accurately assess zooplankton diversity in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones of the subtropical/tropical of the northwest and eastern sections of the Atlantic Ocean using integrated morphological and molecular analysis of large-volume samples to depths of 5,000m. The field surveys in April 2006 and November 2007 included scientists and students associated with the CMarZ. The cruise field work entailed at-sea analysis of samples and identification of specimens by expert taxonomists, with at-sea DNA sequencing to determine a barcode (i.e., a short DNA sequence for species recognition) for selected species. Environmental data and zooplankton samples were collected with 1-m2 and 10-m2 opening/closing MOCNESS (0-1000m and 1000-5000m, respectively), and with either a 0.25-m2 MOCNESS or a 0.5-m2 Multi-net above 1000m. More than 500 species were identified and more than 1000 specimens placed in a queue for barcoding on each cruise; several hundred species were barcoded at sea. For several taxonomic groups, a significant fraction of the region's known species were collected and identified. For example, in the northwest Atlantic 93 of 140 known ostracod species for the Atlantic Ocean were collected, 6 undescribed species were found, and the first DNA barcode for a planktonic ostracod was obtained. The deployment of trawls with fine-mesh nets to sample large volumes at great depths for small zooplankton confirmed that there is considerable species diversity at depth, with more species yet to be discovered, The success of these two CMarZ cruises was due to the collective efforts of Captain, Officers, Crew, and all members of the Scientific Party on the R/V Ron Brown and the FS Polarstern. The UConn Team DNA (Rob Jennings, Paola Batta Lona, Brian Ortman, Lisa Nigro, Leo Blanco-Bercial and Christopher Sweetman) carried out the at-sea sequencing. Nancy Copley and Dicky Allison were principally responsible for arranging logistical elements for the cruises. Support for the R/V Ron Brown and R/V Polarstern (XXIV/1) cruises came from NOAA Ocean Exploration Program Grant NA06OAR4600091, the Sloan Foundation, the Census of Marine Life (CMarZ) project, and the Alfred Wegner Institute more...
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- 2010
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14. Insights gained from a web-based atlas of halocyprid ostracods of the Southern Ocean
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Martin V. Angel and Kasia Blachowiak-Samolyk
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Systematics ,Species complex ,business.industry ,Atlas (topology) ,Paleontology ,Biology ,Zoogeography ,medicine ,Web application ,Species identification ,Boroecia antipoda ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Cartography ,Confusion - Abstract
Planktonic ostracods are an important, but poorly studied component of open ocean plankton communities, which inhabit all depths and play a significant role in detrital cycles. A web-based atlas (http://ocean.iopan.gda.pl/ostracoda) of the distribution of Southern Ocean planktonic ostracods has been developed compiling all extractable published data together with a considerable amount of unpublished data from samples collected during Discovery investigations (1929–1952). The northern boundary of the Southern Ocean was taken pragmatically as 52°S. The website includes information that includes distributional maps, taxonomic drawings (mostly original), size data and systematic notes on 47 species. All the data are freely downloadable as PDF files and are thus available to anyone, anywhere, with access to the web. Published data are subject to a number of errors generated by faulty identifications and changes in the taxonomy. Most, but not all, published data could be included in drawing up the maps. Not all publications have included detailed positional data and from those that included distributional maps, it was not always possible to relate the plotted distributions to the published station listings. A lack of archived data and specimens for some of the records meant dubious records could not be validated. Data are now generally archived by national oceanographic data centres, but unless supported by voucher specimens further confusion may arise for those current species which are found to include cryptic species after classical morphological studies or molecular studies. One species (Boroecia antipoda) had an apparently anomalous distribution; specimens archived in the Copenhagen Museum were reexamined and the anomalies were shown to result from the fact that some of the specimens belong to a novel species. Generally, the limits to the distributional ranges of the species showed little coherence with major oceanographic features, such as the Antarctic convergence and hence, biogeographical provinces; possible reasons are discussed. Despite these possible inherent errors, the website not only provides a resource for species identification, but is also proving to be a powerful tool for generation of hypotheses and highlighting taxonomic problems. more...
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- 2008
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15. Identification, Discrimination, and Discovery of Species of Marine Planktonic Ostracods Using DNA Barcodes
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Ann Bucklin, Martin V. Angel, Katarzyna Błachowiak-Samołyk, Russell R. Hopcroft, and Lisa M. Nigro
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0106 biological sciences ,Species complex ,Oceans and Seas ,Greenland ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Zoology ,lcsh:Medicine ,Biology ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,DNA barcoding ,Electron Transport Complex IV ,Monophyly ,Species Specificity ,Phylogenetics ,Crustacea ,Animals ,DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ,lcsh:Science ,Atlantic Ocean ,Indian Ocean ,Neighbor joining ,Phylogeny ,Multidisciplinary ,Geography ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,lcsh:R ,Genetic Variation ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Interspecific competition ,Plankton ,Marine Sciences ,Taxon ,Haplotypes ,Taxonomy (biology) ,lcsh:Q ,Alaska ,Research Article - Abstract
The Ostracoda (Crustacea; Class Ostracoda) is a diverse, frequently abundant, and ecologically important component of the marine zooplankton assemblage. There are more than 200 described species of marine planktonic ostracods, many of which (especially conspecific species) can be identified only by microscopic examination and dissection of fragile morphological characters. Given the complexity of species identification and increasing lack of expert taxonomists, DNA barcodes (short DNA sequences for species discrimination and identification) are particularly useful and necessary. Results are reported from analysis of 210 specimens of 78 species of marine planktonic ostracods, including two novel species, and 51 species for which barcodes have not been previously published. Specimens were collected during 2006 to 2008 from the Atlantic, Indian, and Southern Oceans, Greenland Sea and Gulf of Alaska. Samples were collected from surface to 5,000 m using various collection devices. DNA sequence variation was analyzed for a 598 base-pair region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Kimura-2-Parameter (K2P) genetic distances within described species (mean = 0.010 ± 0.017 SD) were significantly smaller than between species (0.260 + 0.080), excluding eight taxa hypothesized to comprise cryptic species due to morphological variation (especially different size forms) and/or collection from different geographic regions. These taxa showed similar K2P distance values within (0.014 + 0.026) and between (0.221 ± 0.068) species. All K2P distances > 0.1 resulted from comparisons between identified or cryptic species, with no overlap between intra- and interspecific genetic distances. A Neighbor Joining tree resolved nearly all described species analyzed, with multiple sequences forming monophyletic clusters with high bootstrap values (typically 99%). Based on taxonomically and geographically extensive sampling and analysis (albeit with small sample sizes), the COI barcode region was shown to be a valuable character for discrimination, recognition, identification, and discovery of species of marine planktonic ostracods. more...
- Published
- 2016
16. A year round comparative study on the population structures of pelagic Ostracoda in Admiralty Bay (Southern Ocean)
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Katarzyna Błachowiak-Samołyk and Martin V. Angel
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education.field_of_study ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Ecology ,Population ,Pelagic zone ,Aquatic Science ,Plankton ,Seasonality ,medicine.disease ,Zooplankton ,Oceanography ,Peninsula ,medicine ,education ,Bay ,Hydrobiology - Abstract
The population structures of the three dominant planktonic halocyprid Ostracoda species in Admiralty Bay (King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula) were followed throughout the course of a year in zooplankton samples collected once every three weeks from February 1993 to January 1994. The sampling was conducted at two stations: A in the central part of Admiralty Bay (400–0 m) and B in the entrance to the Bay from the Bransfield Strait (400–0 m). The samples were taken using a WP-2 net (square mouth opening of 0.196 m2 and 200 μm mesh) hauled vertically from the bottom to the surface. Changes in the age structures of the populations of three species Alacia belgicae, Alacia hettacra and Metaconchoecia isocheira were tracked. Their population structures differed. The changes in A. belgicae suggested that it reproduces year-round, whereas both A. hettacra and M. isocheira probably complete their life cycles within a year. The cycle in A. hettacra probably starts earlier in the year than that of M. isocheira. Populations of A. belgicae and M. isocheira were more advanced in their development at station A, than at station B, but A. hettacra was more advanced at the latter. Advection appears to play a role in maintaining the populations in the shelf waters. Comparisons between populations in the shelf area (Admiralty Bay) and in open ocean waters (Croker Passage) show that the M. isocheira population is older in shelf water whereas the age structure of A. belgicae population is not influenced by the locality. more...
- Published
- 2007
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17. A re-description of Discoconchoecia elegans (Sars, 1865) (Ostracoda: Halocyprididae) from high latitudes in the North Atlantic
- Author
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Anna Stępień, Martin V. Angel, and Katarzyna Błachowiak-Samołyk
- Subjects
Male ,Arthropoda ,Mesopelagic zone ,Ostracoda ,Latitude ,Type (biology) ,Abundance (ecology) ,Crustacea ,Animals ,Body Size ,Animalia ,Atlantic Ocean ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Taxonomy ,Discoconchoecia elegans ,biology ,Ecology ,Animal Structures ,Halocyprida ,Organ Size ,Biodiversity ,Halocyprididae ,biology.organism_classification ,Crustacean ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Type locality ,Female ,Hydrography ,Animal Distribution - Abstract
Discoconchoecia elegans (Sars, 1865) is one of the most frequently recorded species of halocyprid ostracods and specimens are collected in abundance from various latitudes throughout the world oceans. This species is often dominant or subdominant member of the mesopelagic assemblages. However, its body size varies substantially with latitude, posing the question as to whether D. elegans is either a single, highly variable species, or a complex of cryptic and sibling species. Evaluation of the hypothesis that D. elegans is a complex of species requires comparison between the type material and specimens collected from different latitudes. The inadequacy of the original description from the type locality, off the Lofoten Islands (NW Norway), combined with a lack of the type material is preventing critical rating. In this paper Discoconchoecia elegans is redescribed from specimens collected from an area close to Svalbard, using detailed drawings, morphometric measurements of all limbs, and SEM photographs, and it is compared with specimens collected from an area close to the species type locality. The individuals from those two localities show no significant differences, probably because the hydrographic conditions are similar between the two sites. more...
- Published
- 2015
18. Planktonic ostracods (Myodocopa: Halocyprididae) from abyssopelagic depths in the Atlantic, North Pacific and Gulf of Oman: Chavturia abyssopelagica (n. gen., n. sp.), Halocypretta profunda (n. sp.), Halocypretta parvirostrata Chavtur and Stovbun, 2008 and Halocypretta striata (Müller, 1906)
- Author
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Martin V, Angel
- Subjects
Male ,Crustacea ,Oceans and Seas ,Animal Structures ,Animals ,Body Size ,Female ,Organ Size ,Animal Distribution ,Zooplankton - Abstract
A novel species and genus of halocyprid ostracod, Chavturia abyssopelagica, and a new species of Halocypretta are described from depths3000 m in the Atlantic. The new genus is related to Halocypretta, itself a genus that has only recently been described from deep waters in the North Pacific. Supplementary observations are made on the type species, Halocypretta parvirostrata, based on additional specimens from the North Pacific. Halocypretta striata from the Gulf of Oman is reported for the first time since it was first described and is redescribed in detail. All four species are illustrated and compared using a set of meristic characters. more...
- Published
- 2015
19. Effect of net avoidance on estimates of diel vertical migration
- Author
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Richard S. Lampitt, Martin V. Angel, Debby Ianson, George A. Jackson, and Adrian B. Burd
- Subjects
Hydrology ,Biomass (ecology) ,Active carbon ,Daytime ,Front (oceanography) ,Extensive data ,Photic zone ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,Oceanography ,Atmospheric sciences ,Zooplankton ,Diel vertical migration - Abstract
Diel vertical migration (DVM) has been hypothesized to actively transport organic material out of the euphotic layer, thus forming a novel part of the “biological pump.” However, quantifying DVM is made difficult by observational limitations. Conventionally, the difference between night and day biomass from net trawls in the surface has been assumed to be a consequence of species that have migrated up from their deep daytime depths. However, some of this difference might be an artifact of visual net avoidance. Here, we present a method that facilitates quantification of zooplankton that are migrating, those that are not migrating, and those able to avoid net capture. The algorithm is applied to an extensive data set gathered in the Azores Front region. Results indicate that DVM, and thus active carbon transport, calculated in the traditional manner would overestimate the true value by ~50%. more...
- Published
- 2004
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20. Temporal and spatial variation of dominant pelagic Copepoda (Crustacea) in the Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean) 1929 to 1993
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Jari Hänninen, Ben Boormann, Martin V. Angel, Erik Bonsdorff, and Ilppo Vuorinen
- Subjects
biology ,Ecology ,Pelagic zone ,Plankton ,biology.organism_classification ,Zooplankton ,Crustacean ,Oceanography ,Abundance (ecology) ,Ecosystem ,sense organs ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Copepod ,Trophic level - Abstract
The abundances of four dominant Antarctic copepod species, Metridia gerlachei, Rhincalanus gigas, Calanoides acutus and Calanus propinquus, were examined in the Southern Ocean in a combination of a literature review, analysis of museum samples and field sampling. The data were analysed for spatial and temporal variations. The data included in the analysis were from the Weddell Sea area in the summertime at periods 1929–1939 and 1989–1993. The results are discussed in the light of environmental changes and their hypothesised and observed consequences in the Southern Ocean: global temperature change, ozone deficiency and cascading trophic interactions. Combining all these hypothetical effects our null hypothesis was that there were no consistent long-term changes in the abundance of dominant pelagic Copepoda. The null hypothesis was rejected, since several taxons did show statistically significant long-term changes in abundance. The changes were not uniform however. The numbers of adults and juveniles of Calanus propinquus increased significantly between the periods studied. Adult stages of Calanoides acutus were the only taxon decreasing in abundance, in concert with the cascading trophic interactions theory. Latitudinally, only Metridia gerlachei showed a significant increase from north to south. Longitudinally, the abundances of Calanus propinquus juveniles and both adults and juveniles of Rhincalanus gigas increased from west to east. There were no significant variations between day and night samples. Interannual changes were statistically significant in juvenile stages of all the species and in adults of Calanus propinquus. We conclude that no uniform and consistent abundance changes could be observed in the pelagic Copepoda of the Weddell Sea that could be connected to major environmental changes, expected to affect the whole planktonic ecosystem of the Southern Ocean. Significant changes in some of the species studied show that the pelagic ecosystem is not in a steady state, but in addition to interannual changes, there are also major fluctuations extending over decades. more...
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
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21. The distribution and biology of the swimming crab Charybdis smithii McLeay, 1838 (Crustacea; Brachyura; Portunidae) in the NW Indian Ocean
- Author
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Martin V. Angel, Laurence P. Madin, Matthijs van Couwelaar, and Evolutionary and Population Biology (IBED, FNWI)
- Subjects
Charybdis ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,biology ,Decapoda ,Continental shelf ,Pelagic zone ,Oceanography ,Monsoon ,biology.organism_classification ,Crustacean ,Neuston ,Portunidae - Abstract
On seven cruises with the R.V. Tyro , R.R.S. Discovery and R.V. Malcolm Baldrige in the NW Indian Ocean between 1992 and 1995, the pelagic swimming crab Charybdis smithii was found in great densities during July–August (SW monsoon) and January (NE monsoon). Discrete depth sampling, using RMT1 +8 and Mocness-10 gear, collected the species predominantly in the upper 200 m during night and day. Most of the crabs were concentrated above the thermo- and oxycline, both situated at around 150–200 m. In July–August the stock of crabs showed considerable variation, with maximum values of 1.9–2.4 crabs m −2 (0–500 m, night) foundin the Southern Somali Basin the Omani Basin and in the Central Arabian Sea. The maximum biomass (wet weight) of crabs was 12.7 g m −2 (0–500 m, day) off Somalia and in the Central Arabian Sea during the SW monsoon. In January stocks and biomasses were lower, with maximum values of 0.1 and 2.0, off Somalia at 7°N. The size-frequency distribution of all crabs found during the SW monsoon in the Somali Basin demonstrated the occurrence of smaller instars at the near-coast stations compared with the open ocean stations. During the NE monsoon there was a tendency for nearshore crabs to be larger than offshore. High concentrations of zoea and megalopa larvae of portunid crabs together with juvenile C. smithii were found in neuston samples off Somalia in May. Dense swarms of crabs occurred in the pelagic NW Indian Ocean in June–September (SW Monsoon). In October, crabs began to migrate onshore, where they characteristically formed surface swarms at night. Analysis of combined ship and literature data showed a 1 year life cycle for C. smithii . Aggregation of the crabs on the continental shelf precedes their breeding from about October to January (NE Monsoon). The larvae hatching in shelf waters disperse offshore and, after metamorphosis, form dense pelagic swarms from about July to August (SW monsoon). more...
- Published
- 1997
22. Hydrothermal fluxes of metals to the oceans: a comparison with anthropogenic discharge
- Author
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Christopher R. German and Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Environmental chemistry ,Geology ,Ocean Engineering ,Hydrothermal circulation ,Water Science and Technology - Published
- 1995
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23. Gametogenesis in deep- and surface-dwelling oceanic stalked barnacles from the NE Atlantic Ocean
- Author
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John D. Gage, A Green, Paul A. Tyler, and Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
biology ,Ecology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Pollicipes polymerus ,Zoology ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Crustacean ,Bathyal zone ,Lepas anatifera ,Barnacle ,Sexual maturity ,Vitellogenesis ,Reproduction ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,media_common - Abstract
The gametogenic development of the lower bathyal stalked barnacle, Poecilasma kaempferi Darwin, found attached to the exoskeleton of the large lithodid crab Neolithodes grimaldi, and the surface-living oceanic stalked barnacle Lepas anatifera L., living on an Argos buoy trapped in a mesoscale eddy in the NE Atlantic, has been examined. In P. kaempferi initiation of both oogenesis and spermatogenesis occurs at about ~ day 70; the first ripe testis is coincident with penis development at ~ day 145 and the first vitellogenic oocytes at ~ day 155; egg lamellae were observed in individuals ~ 170 days old. In L. anatifera testis development started at ~day 43 and male organs were mature by ~ day 131; oocytes were first observed in individuals estimated to be ~ 26 days old and large oocytes were first found in animals after ~ 114 days; no egg lamellae were found in the oldest animals examined. These rates are slower than previously observed in L. anatifera but indicate that this species will undergo gametogenesis outside its normal geographic range although the temperature may be too low for successful completion of reproduction. more...
- Published
- 1994
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24. Book reviews
- Author
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John F. Potter, Martin V. Angel, and David Duthie
- Subjects
General Environmental Science - Published
- 1994
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25. Marine biogeography, climate change and societal needs
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Dale C. Krause and Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Oceanography ,Resource (biology) ,Emerging technologies ,Scale (chemistry) ,Climate change ,Geology ,Resource management ,Global change ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,Natural resource ,Information exchange - Abstract
Pelagic biogeography deals with the large scale distributional patterns of pelagic organisms in the world's oceans, their origins through evolution and the changes in ocean morphology during the geological past, and the factors which currently control and maintain them. The knowledge it generates has a wide variety of uses in science, both basic and applied, and in socio-economics. Its products include: (1) Distributional data compiled in data bases, maps and atlases; (2) Explanatory scientific and non-scientific publications on the distributions and their implications; (3) Standardisation of methodologies; (4) Trained specialists; (5) Advice to society on oceanic aspects of global resource management; and (6) Assessments of oceanic biodiversity in relation to the Biodiversity Convention. The immediate users of this knowledge include oceanographers in other disciplines, ecologists, applied scientists and engineers, resource managers, fishermen, environmentalists, teachers, international lawuers and policy-makers. At present the largest users are the natural resource managers seeking to optimise and to sustain the resource for which they are responsible. There is a considerable body of national and international legislation which is underpinned by biogeographical information. Similarly much of our understanding about past climate which is being used to predict future trends, is based on applying information on present-day distributional patterns to the interpretation of the fossil record in marine sediments. Global change, in the ocean, the atmosphere and on land, is strongly modulated by the feedback between marine organisms, nutrients and greenhouse gases. The marked coherence observed between the distributions of physical, chemical and biological patterns suggest that the process involved in this feedback are linked with pelagic community structure. Remote sensing of sea-surface properties and the heat content of the mixed-layer, offer considerable potential for linking ecological and biogeographical processes to large scale features of ocean circulation and climatology. The long-term monitoring of the ocean in the Global Ocean Observing System will need to integrate physical, chemical and ecological data, if the models used to predict future change are to achieve adequate precision. The future use and resource management of the oceans has to involve biogeographical information. Traditional sampling methods, even when supplemented by large scale surveys such as CALCOFI and the Continuous Plankton Recorder surveys, will never provide sufficient data, so new techniques for intensive sampling and monitoring are being sought. Some surrogate measures such as chlorophyll fluorescence are already well established as standard oceanographic methodology; others involving acoustics and optical properties have the potential for sampling the biological characteristics at the same time/space scales as the physicochemical properties of the oceans are being studied. However, the calibration of these new techniques against traditional sampling and observational methods remains problematic. Information technology is beginning to be used, not only to unify the systematics of many taxonomic groups, but also to improve information exchange. Improvements in digital data bases will lead to freer exchange of information, and also facilitate the production of maps and interpretations customized for other users. The scientific resources being devoted to pelagic biogeography are declining with potentially serious consequences. This trend can only be reversed if the biogeographers themselves make their output more accessible and user-friendly for non-scientists, and take advantage of the new technologies which promise to re-vitalise the field. more...
- Published
- 1994
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26. Book reviews
- Author
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Marylin Lisowski, Norman Myers, David Duthie, Martin V. Angel, and Harvey Ludwig
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General Environmental Science - Published
- 1993
- Full Text
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27. Book reviews
- Author
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John F Potter, Norman Myers, Ilyas Baker, and Martin V Angel
- Subjects
General Environmental Science - Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Ocean waste disposal
- Author
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Martin V Angel
- Subjects
Waste management ,Environmental science ,Waste disposal - Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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29. Book reviews
- Author
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John F. Disinger, Dona Schneider, Michael Greenberg, Martin V. Angel, John F. Potter, Michael Romeril, and Marylin Lisowski
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General Environmental Science - Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Book reviews : Berger, W.H., Smetacek, V.S. and Wefer, G., editors, 1989: Productivity of the ocean: pre sent and past. Chichester: Wiley-Interscience Publication. xviii + 470 pp. £65.00 cloth
- Author
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Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Art ,Productivity ,Humanities ,media_common - Published
- 1992
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31. Book reviews : Herman, Y., editor, 1989: The Arctic seas: climatology, oceanography, geology and biology. New York: Van Nostrand. xi + 892 pp. £70.00 cloth
- Author
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Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Oceanography ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Biology ,Geology ,The arctic - Published
- 1990
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32. Editorial
- Author
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Myriam Sibuet and Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Geology ,Aquatic Science - Published
- 1990
- Full Text
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33. Pelagic biodiversity
- Author
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Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Ecology ,Aquatic biodiversity research ,Biogeography ,Biodiversity action plan ,Biodiversity ,Upwelling ,Pelagic zone ,Species richness ,Biology ,Plankton - Published
- 1997
- Full Text
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34. Marine Biodiversity
- Author
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Martin V. Angel, Rupert Ormond, Crispin Tickell, and John D. Gage
- Subjects
Marine biodiversity ,Index (economics) ,Ecology ,Aquatic biodiversity research ,Environmental science ,Subject (documents) ,Marine Biology (journal) - Abstract
The biodiversity of many ecosystems is under threat and although seas cover the majority of our planet's surface, far less is known about the biodiversity of marine environments than that of terrestrial systems. It is also not clear whether many of the patterns known to occur on land also occur in the sea. Until we have a firmer idea of the diversity of a wide range of marine habitats and what controls it, we have little hope of conserving biodiversity, or determining the impact of human activities such as mariculture, fishing, dumping of waste and pollution. This book brings together key studies from the deep sea and open ocean, to tropical shores and polar regions to consider how comparable the patterns and processes underlying diversity are in these different ecosystems. Marine Biodiversity will be a major resource for all those interested in biodiversity and its conservation. more...
- Published
- 1997
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35. 1 What is The Deep Sea?
- Author
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Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
geography ,Oceanography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Continental margin ,Ocean color ,Ocean current ,Hydrostatic pressure ,Abyssal plain ,Biology ,Oceanic basin ,Deep sea ,Boundary current - Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the morphology of ocean basins, the biophysics of oceans, and oceanic food webs. Most of the 92 natural elements have been detected dissolved in seawater, although the majority occurs only in trace concentrations. The density of seawater plays a key role in ecological processes through determining the stability of oceanic water columns and contributing to the patterns of ocean circulation. Seawater density is determined by three factors: hydrostatic pressure, temperature, and salinity. The presence of trenches along the margins of continents has an important effect on sedimentation regimes, and hence on the ecology of abyssal plains. The oceanic margins impinging on the continental land masses may be either active or passive. Around the Pacific, the margins are active. The crust is buckling down (subducting) beneath the continental land masses to form deep trenches. The trenches trap any sediment transport and turbidity flows that result from mass-wasting events and slope failures triggered by the heightened seismic activity along the continental margins. Some of the most striking eddy features are to be seen in remotely sensed images of either sea-surface temperatures or ocean color of eastern boundary current regions. In the open ocean, the annual quantity and seasonal cycling of primary production is determined by vertical stratification, the light cycle, and the persistence of nutrient supplies. more...
- Published
- 1997
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36. Scottoecia—a new genus of halocyprid ostracod, with the description of Scottoecia arabica nov. sp. and the redescription of Bathyconchoecia darcythompsoni (Scott, 1909)
- Author
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Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Subfamily ,Arthropoda ,Ecology ,Ostracoda ,Zoology ,Seta ,Halocyprida ,Biodiversity ,Halocyprididae ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Bathyal zone ,Type species ,Sensu ,Ostracod ,Animalia ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Carapace ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Taxonomy - Abstract
On re-describing two species originally attributed to the halocyprid genus Bathyconchoecia (B. darcythompsoni Scott,1909 from the North Atlantic and B. lacunosa sensu James 1973 from the Gulf of Oman) they were found to show substantive differences from the type species for the genus, B. paulula. These differences are:1. Several carapace characteristics including size, the structure of the rostra and incisure, and the locations of the openingsof the carapace glands.2. Limb structures notably of the mandibles.3. The exceptionally long dorsal terminal seta on the male sixth limb. 4. The structure of the copulatory appendage.These two species are placed in a newly defined genus Scottoecia, for which S. arabica is designated as the typespecies. The original descriptions of three other Bathyconchoecia species, show that they belong to Scottoecia, namely S. crosnieri (Poulsen, 1969a), S. subrufa (Angel, 1970a) and S. foveolata (Deevey, 1968). This has been confirmed for thefirst two species by the examination of the type material. Another species Bathyconchoecia baskiae Poulsen, (1969b) hassimilar mandibles, and is probably closely related, but does not share all the characteristics of the new genus.The validity of the previous classification in which Bathyconchoecia is included in the subfamily, the Euconchoecinae, is questioned. more...
- Published
- 2012
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37. Revision of Metaconchoecia (Ostracoda: Halocyprididae) and the designation of two new tribes Conchoeciini and Metaconchoeciini
- Author
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Martin V. Angel and Vladimir G. Chavtur
- Subjects
Type species ,Subfamily ,Taxon ,Genus ,Halocyprididae ,Zoology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Biology ,Metaconchoecia ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
A new tribe of pelagic Ostracoda (Halocyprididae), the Metaconchoeciini, is established to encompass all the species formerly classified in the genus Metaconchoecia. All the remaining genera in the subfamily Conchoecinae are, therefore, assigned to another new tribe, the Conchoeciini. The original genus Metaconchoecia is subdivided into ten genera. Metaconchoecia is retained and nine new genera established namely: Austrinoecia, Clausoecia, Deeveyoecia, Juryoecia, Kyrtoecia, Muelleroecia, Nasoecia, Rotundoecia and Vityazoecia. Keys to these new genera and their component species are provided. Tables summarize the characters that most readily distinguish between the most closely related taxa. Appendices summarize the taxonomic characters and detailed size data for the majority of species that occur in the Atlantic and the North Pacific. A new species, Vityazoecia distoglandula, is described, which is designated as the type species of its genus. more...
- Published
- 2011
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38. Editorial
- Author
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Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Geology ,Aquatic Science - Published
- 1994
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39. The Ecology of the Deep Ocean and Its Relevance to Global Waste Management
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Tony L. Rice and Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Pollution ,Resource (biology) ,Ecology ,Benthic zone ,United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sustainability ,Environmental science ,Deep sea ,Assimilative capacity ,media_common ,Incineration - Abstract
1. As global human populations continue to grow uncontrollably, there is a foreseeable medium to long-term need for the utilization of deep ocean environments for disposal of waste materials to maintain sustainability of global environmental resources. 2. The assimilative capacity of deep ocean ecosystems is likely to be high relative to the quantities of waste that cannot be dealt with through alternative options such as waste minimization, recycling and incineration. 3. Deep ocean disposal may not be an acceptable option for the disposal of industrial organic compounds, which are persistent in the environment but for which alternative destructive procedures are available. 4. The choice of either a dispersive or accumulative regime for a disposal will need be based on the characteristics of the waste. Waste that is biologically or chemically degradable may best be dispersed. 5. Present knowledge of deep ocean ecosystems would suggest that disposal of inert, metal-rich, or even organic-rich wastes into accumulative regimes on the floor of the abyssal ocean would not create major deleterious impacts on living resources or other uses by Mankind of the oceans. Thus, under the present definition adopted by the Law of the Sea Convention this would not constitute large-scale pollution. 6. These tentative conclusions need to be evaluated by appropriately scaled experiments. Results from small-scale experimental procedures, based on the disposal of a few tonnes of waste and effecting a few square metres of sea-bed, cannot be extrapolated to predict confidently the impact of industrial scale disposal. Experiments approaching a tenth the size and extent of a full industrial exercise will be needed, but conducting such an experiment will not, in itself, carry significant environmental risk. 7. There are also some basic biological questions, mostly concerning the diversity of benthic assemblages and the processes that maintain their diversity, that will need to be resolved before deep-ocean disposal could be adopted. 8. There are major socio-economic problems about the global management of the abyssal ocean as a non-living resource which will have to be addressed internationally. more...
- Published
- 1996
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40. Spelaeoecia Bermudensis, New Genus, New Species, a Halocyprid Ostracod from Marine Caves in Bermuda
- Author
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Thomas M. Iliffe and Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,biology ,Ecology ,Holotype ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Crustacean ,Cavernicola ,Cave ,Ostracod ,Paratype ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Carapace - Abstract
Specimens of a new halocyprid belonging to the recently erected primitive subfamily Deeveyinae (Kornicker and Iliffe, 1985) have been taken at depths of 0-20 m in eight anchialine caves on Bermuda. The specimens, while showing some close similarities to Deeveya spiralis Komicker and Iliffe, 1985, are sufficiently distinct to be ascribed to a new genus. While Deeveya has a carapace morphology typical of benthic forms, the carapace of Spelaeoecia is very similar to that of oceanic planktonic halocyprids and so may be close to their ancestral more...
- Published
- 1987
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41. Criteria for protected areas and other conservation measures in the Antarctic region
- Author
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Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350 ,Krill ,biology ,Ecology ,Aquatic ecosystem ,Climate change ,biology.organism_classification ,Fish stock ,Habitat ,Threatened species ,Environmental science ,Terrestrial ecosystem ,Ecosystem ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
The Antarctic region is threatened by three major anthropogenic influences: climatic change brought about by increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide, the effects of persistent pollutants carried into the region via atmosphere and ocean, and the increase in Man's activities. Vulnerable ecosystems can be considered as those which are under direct pressure from Man's activities, whereas fragile ecosystems are the more likely to suffer irreversible change when perturbed, but are not necessarily threatened at present. Three of the main habitat types, terrestrial, inland waters, and islands, are likely to be fragile. However, all these can be conserved reasonably adequately with a system of protected and managed areas, so long as the area covered is adequate and representative. The fourth habitat type, the oceanic ecosystem, contains few fragile elements because it is dominated by the highly dynamic physical oceanic processes. Elements of the ecosystem are vulnerable to further exploitation, and although only the whales and some of the fish stocks can be regarded as fragile, there is considerable uncertainty as what synergistic effects exploitation of apparently key elements of the ecosystem, such as the krill, will have on other important components of the communities. The highly dynamic structure of oceanic environments renders the concept of conservation based on limited protected areas developed for terrestrial environments ineffective in the majority of marine environments. Instead the whole marine environment of the Antarctic region must be considered to be a single entity and managed as such. more...
- Published
- 1987
42. Studies on Atlantic halocyprid ostracods: their vertical distributions and community structure in the central gyre region along latitude 30°N from off Africa to Bermuda
- Author
-
Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Mediterranean climate ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Geology ,Aquatic Science ,Seasonality ,medicine.disease ,Latitude ,Oceanography ,Water column ,Geography ,Abundance (ecology) ,Ocean gyre ,medicine ,Transect ,Diel vertical migration - Abstract
The vertical ranges and abundances of halocyprid ostracods in the surface 2000m of the water column are compared for two localities in the North Atlantic in the vicinity of 30°N, 23°W and 32°N, 63° 40′W (Ocean Acre). The samples collected at these two localities, positioned near the centre of the North Atlantic gyre, contained very similar assemblages of species. The vertical stratification of the species was similar between the two localities, although centres of abundance tended to be 100–200m deeper at Ocean Acre. Vertical migrations tended to be more extensive at Ocean Acre. The order of species abundances were very different at the two localities. A transect of 0–1000m oblique tows along 32°N linking the two positions showed no clear evidence of a faunal boundary between them despite the sudden occurrence of the 18°C water and the waning of the influence of Mediterranean Water to the west. The changes were clinal. Analysis of size spectra showed the trend towards more larger organisms with increasing depth was reversed below 800m. The results are discussed in relation to visual predation as a potentially important causal factor in effecting vertical distribution and diel migrations. In examining other theories of diel migration an examination of clutch sizes showed that the results were not consistent with diel migration conferring demographic advantage to the migrating species. Instead it seemed that the most favourable reproductive regime varied with depth and the degree of seasonality in the productivity cycle. The zoogeographic connotations of the results are discussed. more...
- Published
- 1979
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43. Industrialised embayments and their environmental problems; a case study of Swansea Bay
- Author
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Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Oceanography ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Geology ,Environmental ethics ,Banner ,Art ,Aquatic Science ,Humanities ,Bay ,media_common - Published
- 1980
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Biological Oceanography
- Author
-
Martin V. Angel
- Published
- 1978
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Foreword
- Author
-
Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Oceanography from space, advances in space research
- Author
-
Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Oceanography ,Geology ,Aquatic Science ,Space (mathematics) ,Space research - Published
- 1988
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Global Fisheries: Perspectives for the 1980s, Edited by Brian J. Rothschild. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York-Tokyo: xii + 289 pp., 11 figs, 24 × 16 × 2 cm, DM 89 or approx. US $35.40, 1983
- Author
-
Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Rothschild ,Art ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Pollution ,Humanities ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Water Science and Technology ,media_common - Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The North Sea: Sea Use Management and Planning, by Hance D. Smith & C.S. Lalwani. North Sea Research Unit, Centre for Marine Law and Policy, University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology, Cardiff, Wales, UK: 367 pp., 29 × 21 × 2 cm, paperback [no price indicated], 1984
- Author
-
Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Geography ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,North sea ,Pollution ,Archaeology ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Water Science and Technology ,Unit (housing) - Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Light's manual, intertidal invertebrates of the Central California Coast
- Author
-
Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Geography ,General Engineering ,Intertidal zone ,Environmental ethics ,Archaeology ,Invertebrate - Published
- 1976
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. North Sea Dynamics, Edited by J. Sündermann & W. Lenz. Springer-Verlag, Berlin–Heidelberg–New York: xvii + 693 pp., 261 figs, 24 × 16.5 × 4 cm, DM 98 or US$ ca 42.30, 1983
- Author
-
Martin V. Angel
- Subjects
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Art ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,North sea ,Pollution ,Archaeology ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Water Science and Technology ,media_common - Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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