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8. The potential of genetic engineering of plants for the remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals

Author

Fasani, Elisa, Manara, Anna, Martini, Flavio, Furini, Antonella, and DAL CORSO, Giovanni

Subjects
Biodegradation, Environmental, biomass reutilization, Metals, Heavy, transgenic plants, phytoremediation, Soil Pollutants, Plants, Genetic Engineering, Plants, Genetically Modified, Metalloids
Abstract

The genetic engineering of plants to facilitate the reclamation of soils and waters contaminated with inorganic pollutants is a relatively new and evolving field, benefiting from the heterologous expression of genes that increase the capacity of plants to mobilize, stabilize and/or accumulate metals. The efficiency of phytoremediation relies on the mechanisms underlying metal accumulation and tolerance, such as metal uptake, translocation and detoxification. The transfer of genes involved in any of these processes into fast-growing, high-biomass crops may improve their reclamation potential. The successful phytoextraction of metals/metalloids and their accumulation in aerial organs have been achieved by expressing metal ligands or transporters, enzymes involved in sulfur metabolism, enzymes that alter the chemical form or redox state of metals/metalloids and even the components of primary metabolism. This review article considers the potential of genetic engineering as a strategy to improve the phytoremediation capacity of plants in the context of heavy metals and metalloids, using recent case studies to demonstrate the practical application of this approach in the field.

Published
2016

10. The potential of genetic engineering of plants for the remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals.

Author

Fasani, Elisa, Manara, Anna, Martini, Flavio, Furini, Antonella, and DalCorso, Giovanni

Subjects
PLANT genetic engineering, SOIL remediation, INORGANIC soil pollutants, PHYTOREMEDIATION, PLANT biotechnology, BIOREMEDIATION
Abstract

Abstract: The genetic engineering of plants to facilitate the reclamation of soils and waters contaminated with inorganic pollutants is a relatively new and evolving field, benefiting from the heterologous expression of genes that increase the capacity of plants to mobilize, stabilize and/or accumulate metals. The efficiency of phytoremediation relies on the mechanisms underlying metal accumulation and tolerance, such as metal uptake, translocation and detoxification. The transfer of genes involved in any of these processes into fast‐growing, high‐biomass crops may improve their reclamation potential. The successful phytoextraction of metals/metalloids and their accumulation in aerial organs have been achieved by expressing metal ligands or transporters, enzymes involved in sulfur metabolism, enzymes that alter the chemical form or redox state of metals/metalloids and even the components of primary metabolism. This review article considers the potential of genetic engineering as a strategy to improve the phytoremediation capacity of plants in the context of heavy metals and metalloids, using recent case studies to demonstrate the practical application of this approach in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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