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2. Exploring the link between hydrothermal activity and aquatic biodiversity in the caribbean rivers

Author

Martinot, C., Philippon, M., Dessert, C., Monti, Dominique, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), FALCO, Eliane, and Monti, Dominique

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, pH, river chemistry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, dissolved silica, fossil hydrothermalism, resident communities
Abstract

International audience; Caribbean's rivers have a very original functioning due to their organization built around powerful altitudinal fluxes: material flows of terrestrial origin that have been shown to support the aquatic food webs and also biological flows between rivers and sea operated through the rivermouths that are needed to complete the life cycles of diadromous species living therein...to sum up, a very strong upstream/downstream subsidiarity. To date, few studies have taken into account the impacts of hydrothermal resurgences on freshwater macrofauna (curstaceans and fish) living in the Caribbean rivers. The data obtained highlight the interactions that may exist between river chemistry variability induced by fossil hydrothermalism and the aquatic community structure within a watershed (rivière Grande Plaine, Guadeloupe). The chemistry of the river watershed was characterized using classical analytical chemistry methods, such as ion chromatography and molecular absorption spectrometry. Based on a population dynamic approach, crustacean and fish communities were quantified in terms of « resident communities », which is an innovating aspect of this work. Chemical and biological variables were then coupled with statistical analysis. The results show a strong compartmentalization of fish and crustaceans resident communities in the river catchment, mainly explained by the variations in pH and dissolved silica content. Hydrothermal resurgences seemed to be an extremely structuring element in this river at the time of sampling, and this work opens up research hypotheses, particularly concerning the composition of the main producer of autochthonous organic matter, the epilithic biofilm, in systems submitted to hydrothermal influences.

Published
2019

8. «La relation de limitation et d’exception dans le français d’aujourd’hui : excepté, sauf et hormis comme pivots d’une relation algébrique »

Author

DURAND J, HABERT B., LAKS B, HABERT B, MUNI TOKE V., GREKAS N, COSTE A, FRADIN B., G. DAL, BLUMENTHAL P, BRONCKART J. P, FUCHS C, KAYNE R, KLEIBER G, MARCHELLO NIZIA C, MORIN YC, NØLKE H, COMBETTES B., DE MULDER W, LODGE A, PREVOST S, BADIOU MONFERRAN C, BUCHI E., STADTLER T, COLTIER D., FERON C, DUFRESNE M, F. DUPUIS, TREMBLAY M, DUPUY PARANT E, FAGARD B., DEGAND L, GLIKMAN J, KAWAGUCHI Y, LANDVOGT A., GOLDSCHMITT S, MAZZIOTTA N, MOKNI M, MORTELMANS J, NOSKE R, POUTEAUX M. A, ROSSI GENSANE R, ELALOUF M. L, GARCIA DEBANC C, MANGENOT F, PLANE S, VERONIQUE GD, BARZABAN M, BOUCHARD R., PARPETTE C, BRISSAUD C., COGIS D, CANELAS TREVISI S, CARCASSONNE M, FROMENT M., SALAGNAC N, CHARTRAND S, CRINON J, MARIN B., CAUTELA A, DETEY S., LE GAC D, DOQUET LACOSTE C, LECLAIRE HALTE A, MASSERON C., LUSTE CHAA O, MULLER C, PAOLACCI V., QUANQUIN V, RONDELLI F, THOMAS A, BRES J, GUELICH E, MONDADA L, AUGER N, RACCHIOLLA B, MOISE C., SCHULTZ ROMAIN C, BARBU V, BASSLER V, BENAZZO S, BERT M, BRUXELLES S, ETIENNE C, TESTON S., TRAVERSO V, DE STEFANI E, FERRE G, HO DAC L. M., PERY WOODLEY M. P, HORLACHER A. S, JULLIEN S, OLOFF F, PEKAREK S, PEPIN N, SCHMALE G, STEINBACH KOHLER F, FASEL LAUZON V., BERGER E, AUROUX S, COLOMBAT B, NEVEU F, PRANDI M, PUECH C, BOUARD B, CUREA A, LEON J, POIBEAU T, RABY V., FOURNIER J. M, REY C, TCHOUGOUNNIKOV S, TESTENOIRE P. Y, WAUTHION M, TOUTAIN A. G, CORBIN P, MARTIN R, PIERREL J. M, POLGUERE A, ANDRONACHE M, DEBRENNE M, REY C., MOREL M. A, GASIGLIA N, LIGAS P, LILLO J, MICHOT N, MONTEMONT V, STEUCKARDT A, TORTERAT F, AGRESTI G, COLAS BLAISE M, DELORMAS P, DETRIE C, GERARD C, HERSCHBERG A, LAIPPALA V, LANE P, LECOMPTE J, MAGRI MOURGUES V, MONTE M, REVAZ F, SMADJA S, WULF J, YOCARIS I., ZEMMOUR D, ADAM J. M, BONHOMME M, JAUBERT A, MAINGUENEAU D, MOLINIE G, DAL G, PLENAT M, RAINER F, BONAMI O, BOYE G, GIRAUDO H., VOGA M, FRADIN B, GRABAR N, NAMER F, LIGNON S, PLANCQ C, ZWEIGENBAUM P., YVON F, FEVRE PERNET C, NAMER F., VILLOING F, ROCHE M, ANGOUJARD J. P, BOURHIS V, CHASLE N, RANSON D, SIMON AC, AVANZI M., GODMAN J. P, DEMIRDACHE H, DUVIGNAU K, WAUQUIER S, BEZINSKA Y, CHEVROT J. P., NOVAKOVA I, GAUME B, TRAN TM, MANCHON M, MARTINOT C., PANISSAL N, EISENKOLB B, FOUCAMBERT D, LUNGU O., MACOIR J., FOSSARD M, MONVILLE BURSTON M, MORGENSTERN A, LEROY M., MATHIOT E, PARISSE C., MOLLIER R, SERGEEVA E., CHEVROT J. P, TRAN TM, TRANCART M., SERVENT D, TSEDRYK K., PUNKO I, FRANÇOIS J, GEERAERTS D, PEETERS B, STEIN A, ABDOULHAMID A, ADLER S., ASNES M, AURNAGUE M, BAIDER F., JACQUEY E, BERTELS A, BRAS M, PREVOT L., VERGEZ COURET M, CORBLIN F, COSTACHESCU A, EMIRKANIAN L, GREA P, HAAS P, HUYGHE R., MARIN R, KANEKO M, KOSELAK A, LE BELLEC C, LONGHI J, MAZIERE F., DELESALLE S, PLANCHON P, SCHNEDECKER C, VASSILIADOU H., LAMMERT M, VAXELAIRE JL, VEECOCK C, AKISSI BOUTIN B, BERGOUNIOUX G, FAGYAL Z., STEWART C, GUERIN E, LABEAU E, LAUR E, TATOSSIAN A, TRAN TBM, ABEILLE A, GODARD D., SABIO F, ACHARD M, BEAUSEROY D, BONAMI O., GODARD D, BUCHARD A., CARLIER A, CORMINBOEUF G, DAGNAC A, DARGNAT M, FABRE C, REBEYROLLE J., HO DAC L. M, GAATONE D, GUSHCHINA O, HAVU E., PIERRARD M, KAHANE S, LE PESANT D, MOURET F, NAKAMURA T, HADERMANN P, VAN RAEMDONCK D., WIELEMANS V, SAEZ F, TSENG J, ZRIBI HERTZ A, LEGENDRE G., CULBERTSON J, MULLER C., RUOZZI, Paola, DURAND J, HABERT B & LAKS B, HABERT B, MUNI TOKE V & GREKAS N, COSTE A, FRADIN B & G DAL, BLUMENTHAL P, BRONCKART J-P, FUCHS C, KAYNE R, KLEIBER G, MARCHELLO-NIZIA C, MORIN YC, NØLKE H, COMBETTES B & MARCHELLO-NIZIA C, DE MULDER W, LODGE A, PREVOST S, BADIOU-MONFERRAN C, BUCHI E & STADTLER T, COLTIER D & FERON C, DUFRESNE M, F DUPUIS & TREMBLAY M, DUPUY-PARANT E, FAGARD B & DEGAND L, GLIKMAN J, KAWAGUCHI Y, LANDVOGT A & GOLDSCHMITT S, MAZZIOTTA N, MOKNI M, MORTELMANS J, NOSKE R, POUTEAUX M-A, ROSSI-GENSANE R, ELALOUF M-L, GARCIA-DEBANC C, MANGENOT F, PLANE S, VERONIQUE GD, BARZABAN M, BOUCHARD R & PARPETTE C, BRISSAUD C & COGIS D, CANELAS-TREVISI S, CARCASSONNE M, FROMENT M & SALAGNAC N, CHARTRAND S, CRINON J, MARIN B & CAUTELA A, DETEY S & LE GAC D, DOQUET-LACOSTE C, LECLAIRE-HALTE A, MASSERON C & LUSTE-CHAA O, MULLER C, PAOLACCI V & GARCIA-DEBANC C, QUANQUIN V, RONDELLI F, THOMAS A, BRES J, GUELICH E, MONDADA L, AUGER N, RACCHIOLLA B, MOISE C & SCHULTZ-ROMAIN C, BARBU V, BASSLER V, BENAZZO S, BERT M, BRUXELLES S, ETIENNE C, MONDADA L, TESTON S & TRAVERSO V, DE STEFANI E, FERRE G, HO-DAC L-M & PERY-WOODLEY M-P, HORLACHER A-S, JULLIEN S, OLOFF F, PEKAREK S, PEPIN N, SCHMALE G, STEINBACH KOHLER F, FASEL LAUZON V & BERGER E, AUROUX S, COLOMBAT B, NEVEU F, PRANDI M, PUECH C, BOUARD B, CUREA A, LEON J, POIBEAU T, RABY V & FOURNIER J-M, REY C, TCHOUGOUNNIKOV S, TESTENOIRE P-Y, WAUTHION M, TOUTAIN A-G, CORBIN P, MARTIN R, PIERREL J-M, POLGUERE A, ANDRONACHE M, DEBRENNE M, REY C & MOREL M-A, GASIGLIA N, LIGAS P, LILLO J, MICHOT N, MONTEMONT V, STEUCKARDT A, TORTERAT F, AGRESTI G, COLAS-BLAISE M, DELORMAS P, DETRIE C, GERARD C, HERSCHBERG A, LAIPPALA V, LANE P, LECOMPTE J, MAGRI-MOURGUES V, MONTE M, REVAZ F, SMADJA S, WULF J, YOCARIS I & ZEMMOUR D, ADAM J-M, BONHOMME M, JAUBERT A, MAINGUENEAU D, MOLINIE G, DAL G, PLENAT M, RAINER F, BONAMI O, BOYE G, GIRAUDO H & VOGA M, DAL G, FRADIN B, GRABAR N, NAMER F, LIGNON S, PLANCQ C, ZWEIGENBAUM P & YVON F, FEVRE-PERNET C, NAMER F & VILLOING F, ROCHE M, ANGOUJARD J-P, BOURHIS V, CHASLE N, RANSON D, SIMON AC, AVANZI M & GODMAN J-P, DEMIRDACHE H, DUVIGNAU K, WAUQUIER S, BEZINSKA Y, CHEVROT J-P & NOVAKOVA I, DUVIGNAU K, GAUME B, TRAN TM, MANCHON M, MARTINOT C & PANISSAL N, EISENKOLB B, FOUCAMBERT D, LUNGU O & DEMIRDACHE H, MACOIR J & FOSSARD M, MONVILLE-BURSTON M, MORGENSTERN A, LEROY M & MATHIOT E, PARISSE C & MOLLIER R, SERGEEVA E & CHEVROT J-P, TRAN TM, TRANCART M & SERVENT D, TSEDRYK K & PUNKO I, FRANÇOIS J, GEERAERTS D, PEETERS B, STEIN A, ABDOULHAMID A, ADLER S & ASNES M, AURNAGUE M, BAIDER F & JACQUEY E, BERTELS A, BRAS M, PREVOT L & VERGEZ-COURET M, CORBLIN F, COSTACHESCU A, EMIRKANIAN L, FOSSARD M, GREA P, HAAS P, HUYGHE R & MARIN R, KANEKO M, KOSELAK A, LE BELLEC C, LONGHI J, MAZIERE F & DELESALLE S, PLANCHON P, SCHNEDECKER C, VASSILIADOU H & LAMMERT M, VAXELAIRE JL, VEECOCK C, AKISSI-BOUTIN B, BERGOUNIOUX G, FAGYAL Z & STEWART C, GUERIN E, LABEAU E, LAUR E, TATOSSIAN A, TRAN TBM, ABEILLE A, GODARD D & SABIO F, ACHARD M, BEAUSEROY D, BONAMI O & GODARD D, BUCHARD A & CARLIER A, CORMINBOEUF G, DAGNAC A, DARGNAT M, FABRE C, REBEYROLLE J & HO-DAC L-M, GAATONE D, GUSHCHINA O, HAVU E & PIERRARD M, KAHANE S, LE PESANT D, MOURET F, NAKAMURA T, PIERRARD M, HADERMANN P, VAN RAEMDONCK D & WIELEMANS V, RUOZZI P, SAEZ F, TSENG J, ZRIBI-HERTZ A, and LEGENDRE G & CULBERTSON J

Subjects
algèbre, préposition, exception, limitation, relation algébrique, Settore L-LIN/04 - Lingua E Traduzione - Lingua Francese, algébrique, valeur algébrique
Abstract

L’analyse des emplois prépositionnels et des emplois conjonctifs d’ “excepté”, de “sauf” et d’ “hormis” permet d’envisager les trois prépositions/conjonctions comme le pivot d’un binôme, comme la plaque tournante d’une structure bipolaire. Placées au milieu du binôme, ces prépositions sont forcées par leur sémantisme originaire dûment métaphorisé de jouer le rôle de marqueurs d’inconséquence systématique entre l’élément se trouvant à leur gauche et celui qui se trouve à leur droite. L’opposition qui surgit entre les deux éléments n’est donc pas une incompatibilité naturelle, intrinsèque, mais extrinsèque, induite. Dans la plupart des cas (emplois limitatifs), cette opposition prend la forme d’un rapport entre une « classe » et le « membre (soustrait) de la classe », ou bien entre un « tout » et une « partie » ; dans d’autres (emplois exceptifs), cette opposition se manifeste au contraire comme une attaque de front portée par un « tout » à un autre « tout ». De plus, l’inconséquence induite mise en place par la préposition/conjonction paraît, en principe, tout à fait insurmontable. Dans l’assertion « les écureuils vivent partout, sauf en Australie » (que l’on peut expliciter par « Les écureuils vivent partout, sauf [qu’ils ne vivent pas] en Australie »), la préposition semble en effet capable d’impliquer le prédicat principal avec signe inverti, et de bâtir sur une telle implication une sorte de sous énoncé qui, à la rigueur, est totalement inconséquent avec celui qui le précède (si « les écureuils ne vivent pas en Australie », le fait qu’ils « vivent partout » est faux). Néanmoins, l’analyse montre qu’alors que certaines de ces oppositions peuvent enfin être dépassées, d’autres ne le peuvent pas. C’est, respectivement, le cas des relations limitatives et des relations exceptives. La relation limitative, impliquant le rapport « tout » - « partie », permet de résoudre le conflit dans les termes d’une somme algébrique entre deux sous énoncés pourvus de différent poids informatif et de signe contraire. Les valeurs numériques des termes de la somme étant déséquilibrées, le résultat est toujours autre que zéro. La relation exceptive, au contraire, qui n’implique pas le rapport « tout » - « partie », n’est pas capable de résoudre le conflit entre deux sous énoncés pourvus du même poids informatif et en même temps de signe contraire : les valeurs numériques des termes de la somme étant symétriques et égales, le résultat sera toujours équivalent à zéro.

Published
2008

11. Vibrations of Aviation Engines

Author

Lagarde, Martinot C

Abstract

Different causes of airplane engine vibration are given as well as devices to measure vibration.

Published
1922

13. Chapter 7 : Comparing Languages in the Process of Acquisition

Author

Martinot, Claire, Bošnjak-Botica, Tomislava, Gerolimich, Sonia, Paprocka-Piotrowska, U., Sens, Texte, Informatique, Histoire (STIH), Sorbonne Université (SU), and in Martinot, C. et al (éds.)

Subjects
[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

14. Chapter 3 : Reformulation Procedures in French

Author

Martinot, Claire, Sens, Texte, Informatique, Histoire (STIH), Sorbonne Université (SU), and in Martinot, C. et al (éds.)

Subjects
[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

16. Chapitre 3 : Les procédures de reformulation en français

Author

Martinot, Claire, Sens, Texte, Informatique, Histoire (STIH), Sorbonne Université (SU), and in Martinot, C. et al (éds.)

Subjects
[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

17. Chapitre 7 : Comparer des langues en acquisition

Author

Martinot, Claire, Bošnjak-Botica, Tomislava, Gerolimich, Sonia, Paprocka-Piotrowska, U., Sens, Texte, Informatique, Histoire (STIH), Sorbonne Université (SU), and in Martinot, C. et al (éds.)

Subjects
[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

18. Pourquoi les locuteurs décomposent pour définir ?

Author

Martinot, Claire, Sens, Texte, Informatique, Histoire (STIH), Sorbonne Université (SU), and in Martinot C. et Ghoul D. (éds.)

Subjects
[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

21. Severe night sweating treated by oxybutynin.

Author

Dias L, Martinot C, Vaillant G, and Arnulf I

Subjects
Female, Humans, Muscarinic Antagonists therapeutic use, Mandelic Acids therapeutic use, Sweating, Hyperhidrosis drug therapy, Hyperhidrosis chemically induced
Abstract

Sleep hyperhidrosis is defined as profuse nocturnal sweating that disrupts sleep. Although the mechanism is unknown, some cases are secondary to hot flushes during the menopausal period, medical, mental and sleep disorders, and medication, while dysregulation of thermoregulation during sleep is suspected in primary cases. We present the case of a woman with severe primary sleep hyperhidrosis, occurring nightly for 23 years, which definitively resolved after brief treatment with oxybutynin (a muscarinic receptor-blocking anticholinergic). An ammoniacal odor in the sweat and a sensation of coldness on awakening during sweating episodes suggest that the mechanism of her night sweating was not an exacerbation of thermoregulation during the night but shares the mechanical properties of emotional/psychological sweating. This extreme case of sleep hyperhidrosis was treated with excellent efficacy and minimal side effects using oxybutynin, which could benefit other patients with nighttime discomfort., Citation: Dias L, Martinot C, Vaillant G, Arnulf I. Severe night sweating treated by oxybutynin. J Clin Sleep Med . 2024;20(1):169-172., (© 2024 American Academy of Sleep Medicine.)

Published
2024
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22. Synaptic restoration by cAMP/PKA drives activity-dependent neuroprotection to motoneurons in ALS.

Author

Bączyk M, Alami NO, Delestrée N, Martinot C, Tang L, Commisso B, Bayer D, Doisne N, Frankel W, Manuel M, Roselli F, and Zytnicki D

Subjects
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis genetics, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis pathology, Animals, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases genetics, Humans, Mice, Mice, Transgenic, Motor Neurons pathology, Superoxide Dismutase-1 genetics, Superoxide Dismutase-1 metabolism, Synapses genetics, Synapses pathology, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis enzymology, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases metabolism, Motor Neurons enzymology, Neuroprotection, Signal Transduction, Synapses enzymology
Abstract

Excessive excitation is hypothesized to cause motoneuron (MN) degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but actual proof of hyperexcitation in vivo is missing, and trials based on this concept have failed. We demonstrate, by in vivo single-MN electrophysiology, that, contrary to expectations, excitatory responses evoked by sensory and brainstem inputs are reduced in MNs of presymptomatic mutSOD1 mice. This impairment correlates with disrupted postsynaptic clustering of Homer1b, Shank, and AMPAR subunits. Synaptic restoration can be achieved by activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway, by either intracellular injection of cAMP or DREADD-Gs stimulation. Furthermore, we reveal, through independent control of signaling and excitability allowed by multiplexed DREADD/PSAM chemogenetics, that PKA-induced restoration of synapses triggers an excitation-dependent decrease in misfolded SOD1 burden and autophagy overload. In turn, increased MN excitability contributes to restoring synaptic structures. Thus, the decrease of excitation to MN is an early but reversible event in ALS. Failure of the postsynaptic site, rather than hyperexcitation, drives disease pathobiochemistry., Competing Interests: Disclosures: The authors declare no competing interests exist., (© 2020 Bączyk et al.)

Published
2020
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23. [The effects of quarantine for SARS-CoV-2 on sleep: An online survey].

Author

Hartley S, Colas des Francs C, Aussert F, Martinot C, Dagneaux S, Londe V, Waldron L, and Royant-Parola S

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, COVID-19, Dyssomnias drug therapy, Dyssomnias epidemiology, Dyssomnias etiology, Exercise, Family, Female, France epidemiology, Habits, Housing, Humans, Light, Male, Middle Aged, Online Systems, SARS-CoV-2, Sleep Aids, Pharmaceutical, Sleep Deprivation, Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm drug therapy, Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm epidemiology, Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm etiology, Sleep Latency, Sleep Wake Disorders drug therapy, Sleep Wake Disorders epidemiology, Young Adult, Betacoronavirus, Coronavirus Infections complications, Coronavirus Infections prevention & control, Health Surveys, Pandemics prevention & control, Pneumonia, Viral complications, Pneumonia, Viral prevention & control, Quarantine, Sleep physiology, Sleep radiation effects, Sleep Wake Disorders etiology, Social Isolation psychology
Abstract

Objectives: Explore the evolution of sleep during the SARS-CoV-2 quarantine period and define associated factors., Methods: An online survey of patients in quarantine. Questions targeted the conditions of quarantine, sleep related behaviours and exposure to factors known to affect sleep and circadian rhythms (light exposure and sport)., Results: In all, 1777 participants were included: 77% women and 72% aged 25-54 years. Quarantine conditions were most frequently in couples with children (36%) and in a house with a garden (51%). Forty-seven percent of participants reported a decrease in sleep quality during quarantine. Factors associated with a reduction in sleep quality by logistic regression were sleep reduction (OR 15.52 P<0.001), going to bed later (OR 1.72 P<0.001), getting up earlier (2.18 P=0.01), an increase in sleep-wake irregularity (OR 2.29 P<0.001), reduced exposure to daylight (OR 1.46 P=0.01) and increased screen use in the evenings (OR 1.33 P=0.04)., Conclusion: Sleep quality tended to reduce during quarantine and this was associated with changes in sleep behaviours and light exposure, especially in the evening. In order to optimise sleep during quarantine, regular sleep and wake times, at least 1hour exposure to daylight and a reduction of screen use in the evenings are suggested., (Copyright © 2020 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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24. Comparison of Iterative Model Reconstruction versus Filtered Back-Projection in Pediatric Emergency Head CT: Dose, Image Quality, and Image-Reconstruction Times.

Author

Southard RN, Bardo DME, Temkit MH, Thorkelson MA, Augustyn RA, and Martinot CA

Subjects
Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Radiation Dosage, Retrospective Studies, Brain Injuries, Traumatic diagnostic imaging, Head diagnostic imaging, Neuroimaging methods, Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted methods, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods
Abstract

Background and Purpose: Noncontrast CT of the head is the initial imaging test for traumatic brain injury, stroke, or suspected nonaccidental trauma. Low-dose head CT protocols using filtered back-projection are susceptible to increased noise and decreased image quality. Iterative reconstruction noise suppression allows the use of lower-dose techniques with maintained image quality. We review our experience with children undergoing emergency head CT examinations reconstructed using knowledge-based iterative model reconstruction versus standard filtered back-projection, comparing reconstruction times, radiation dose, and objective and subjective image quality., Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study comparing 173 children scanned using standard age-based noncontrast head CT protocols reconstructed with filtered back-projection with 190 children scanned using low-dose protocols reconstructed with iterative model reconstruction. ROIs placed on the frontal white matter and thalamus yielded signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios. Volume CT dose index and study reconstruction times were recorded. Random subgroups of patients were selected for subjective image-quality review., Results: The volume CT dose index was significantly reduced in studies reconstructed with iterative model reconstruction compared with filtered back-projection, (mean, 24.4 ± 3.1 mGy versus 31.1 ± 6.0 mGy, P < .001), while the SNR and contrast-to-noise ratios improved 2-fold ( P < .001). Radiologists graded iterative model reconstruction images as superior to filtered back-projection images for gray-white matter differentiation and anatomic detail ( P < .001). The average reconstruction time of the filtered back-projection studies was 101 seconds, and with iterative model reconstruction, it was 147 seconds ( P < .001), without a practical effect on work flow., Conclusions: In children referred for emergency noncontrast head CT, optimized low-dose protocols with iterative model reconstruction allowed us to significantly reduce the relative dose, on average, 22% compared with filtered back-projection, with significantly improved objective and subjective image quality., (© 2019 by American Journal of Neuroradiology.)

Published
2019
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25. [Swallowing disorders and the elderly in a geriatric care facility].

Author

Bourges E and Martinot C

Subjects
Aged, Dehydration etiology, Humans, Malnutrition etiology, Nursing Homes, Aging physiology, Deglutition Disorders physiopathology, Dehydration prevention & control, Malnutrition prevention & control, Patient Care Team
Abstract

It is essential to fight against malnutrition and dehydration in elderly people in care facilities. They result in the deterioration of the general status, a risk of a fall, a risk of wounds, an increased risk of infection and mortality in geriatrics. In addition, swallowing disorders due to ageing increase the risk of food going down the wrong way. Those involved in the multidisciplinary care management pool their skills in support of the elderly person., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)

Published
2018
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26. MR spectroscopy of intracranial tuberculomas: A singlet peak at 3.8 ppm as potential marker to differentiate them from malignant tumors.

Author

Morales H, Alfaro D, Martinot C, Fayed N, and Gaskill-Shipley M

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Brain Neoplasms secondary, Child, Child, Preschool, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, Middle Aged, ROC Curve, Sensitivity and Specificity, Young Adult, Brain Neoplasms diagnosis, Glioma diagnosis, Tuberculoma, Intracranial diagnosis
Abstract

Purpose: The diagnosis of intracranial tuberculomas is often challenging. Our purpose is to describe the most common metabolic patterns of tuberculomas by MR spectroscopy (MRS) with emphasis on potential specific markers., Methods: Single-voxel MRS short echo time was performed in 13 cases of tuberculomas proven by histology and/or response to anti-mycobacterial therapy. For comparison MRS was also performed in 19 biopsy-proven malignant tumors (13 high-grade gliomas and six metastasis). Presence of metabolic peaks was assessed visually and categorical variables between groups were compared using chi-square. Metabolite ratios were compared using Mann-Whitney test and diagnostic accuracy of the metabolite ratios was compared using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis., Results: Spectroscopic peaks representing lipids and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) as well as a peak at ∼3.8 ppm were well defined in 77% (10/13), 77% (10/13) and 69% (nine of 13) of tuberculomas, respectively. Lipid and Glx peaks were also present in most of the malignant lesions, 79% (15/19) and 74% (14/19) respectively. However, a peak at ∼3.8 ppm was present in only 10% (two of 19) of the tumor cases (p < 0.001). Higher Cho/Cr and mI/Cr ratios helped discriminate malignant lesions with an area under the ROC curve of 0.86 (SE: 0.078, p < 0.002, CI: 0.7-1) and 0.8 (SE: 0.1, p < 0.009, CI: 0.6-1), respectively. Threshold values between 1.7-1.9 for Cho/Cr and 0.8-0.9 for mI/Cr provided high specificity (91% for both metabolites) and adequate sensitivity (75% and 80%, respectively) for discrimination of malignant lesions., Conclusion: A singlet peak at ∼3.8 ppm is present in the majority of tuberculomas and absent in most malignant tumors, potentially a marker to differentiate these lesions. The assignment of the peak is difficult from our analysis; however, guanidinoacetate (Gua) is a possibility. Higher Cho/Cr and mI/Cr ratios should favor malignant lesions over tuberculomas. The presence of lipids and Glx is non-specific., (© The Author(s) 2015.)

Published
2015
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27. Differential diagnosis between cerebral tuberculosis and neurocysticercosis by magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Author

Pretell EJ, Martinot C Jr, Garcia HH, Alvarado M, Bustos JA, and Martinot C

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aspartic Acid analysis, Brain Diseases diagnosis, Choline analysis, Creatine analysis, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lactic Acid analysis, Lipids analysis, Male, Neurocysticercosis metabolism, Tuberculoma diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System metabolism, Aspartic Acid analogs & derivatives, Brain Diseases parasitology, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Neurocysticercosis diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System diagnosis
Abstract

Single enhancing brain lesions (SELs), mostly as a result of neurocysticercosis or tuberculosis, are a common cause of seizures. Ten patients with SELs caused by neurocysticercosis (n=6) or tuberculosis (n=4) were examined by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Tuberculomas had a high peak of lipids, more choline, and less N-acetylaspartate and creatine. The choline/creatine ratio was greater than 1 in all tuberculomas but in none of the cysticerci. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy differentiates SELs caused by cysticercosis or tuberculosis and may avoid brain biopsies or unnecessary antituberculosis treatments.

Published
2005
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28. [Cutaneous complications after sleep electroencephalography].

Author

Lacour JP, Perrin C, Thomas P, Nicaise G, Martinot C, and Ortonne JP

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Calcinosis etiology, Female, Humans, Microscopy, Electron, Skin Diseases pathology, Electrodes, Implanted adverse effects, Electroencephalography adverse effects, Skin Diseases etiology, Sleep
Published
1992

30. [Other adenomatous polyposis].

Author

Triboulet JP and Martinot C

Subjects
Gardner Syndrome surgery, Humans, Mesenteric Lymphadenitis pathology, Gardner Syndrome pathology
Published
1990

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