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Our qualitative study of the skin cancer information delivered to renal transplant recipients (RTRs) highlighted that we must find the optimum time when things are settled for patients to absorb this information. Knowing and trusting the person delivering the information was welcomed by participants and more likely to influence behavior. As was the health care professional who took time to consider the individuality of recipients. Knowledge gaps have been uncovered and require consideration which include a predominant concern of melanoma rather than squamous cell carcinoma and a reliance on sunscreen alone and not other sun protective measures. Renal colleagues are highly considered by RTRs and well place to deliver interventions

Ireland has the highest per capita users of fake tan in the world. We have very often seen the effect of this in our Dermatology clinics. We analysed the number of patients presenting with fake tan to our pigmented lesion clinics, which results in unnecessary rescheduling, further patient anxiety and delay in diagnoses, as well as increasing patient waiting lists. We have included images of the effect of fake tan on dermoscopy and in vivo confocal microscopy – complicating our ability to diagnose. We implemented a change in our practice, which we hope will improve this dilemma.

This special issue of The International Journal of Gender, Sexuality and Law, edited by Laura Graham, Victoria Holt and Mary Laing, brings together a range of voices and knowledges on the issue of Sex Work and the Law: Does the Law Matter? Mirroring global and national sex worker campaigns, official consultations, policy and wider debates over the last two decades, there has been much academic interest in the legal responses to sex work (Scoular and O’Neill, 2007; Graham, 2017; Munro and Della Giusta, 2008). Much of this work has evaluated the varied current legal responses to sex work, how they impact sex workers’ lives, and how the law might be reformed. There is also significant academic and governmental interest in comparative research looking at legal responses across jurisdictions (Armstrong and Abel, 2020; Levy, 2014). This special issue takes a broad, critical approach to the relationship between sex work and the law, inspired by Jane Scoular’s (2010) question: does the law matter in sex work? In doing so, this special issue offers an interdisciplinary exploration of the complex relationship between law and sex work. This issue addresses global trends towards criminalisation of sex work, often predicated upon stopping trafficking, and considers the impact of these trends on sex workers, their rights, their working practices, and their marginalisation. It further examines the law’s response to new and emerging issues, such as COVID-19 and digital sex work, reflecting particularly on the varied impacts of over- and under- regulating sex work spaces. This special issue finally reflects on sex workers’ resistance – to current laws, to the expansion of laws, and to their lack of inclusion in debates around law. Throughout this issue, the voices of sex workers are integrated and prioritised, reflecting a commitment to inclusion of expert knowledges around the world.

With the intensification of calls for social ‘impact’ from research, there is renewed emphasis on academic-activism as a means to realize social change. But what ‘counts’ as activism in these visions of academic-activist impact? Drawing on interviews with sex work scholars in the United Kingdom and Aotearoa New Zealand, we examine the borders – and the disruption of borders – between ‘traditional’ forms of activism and a wider array of more ‘minor’ practices frequently perceived as too ‘ordinary’ to claim that label. In doing this, we explore quiet, implicit and everyday forms of activism, arguing that activism is embodied, frequently undertaken by those who do not self-identify as activists, and sits ambivalently within broader institutional drives for research-based ‘impact’.

We undertook a study of skin cancer (SC) recognition and health promotion among interns in an Irish hospital. While the knowledge on SC was good, the majority of the interns did not practice safe sun behaviours themselves, and the majority did not feel confident in diagnosing skin lesions or SC. Most had never performed a skin examination on patients, or discussed sun protection or skin self examination with their patients.

Ideas, policies and models related to criminal justice often travel between places. How, then, should we make sense of this movement? We make the case for drawing on the policy mobilities literature, which originates in human geography. It is only recently that criminological studies have drawn on small parts of this literature. This article argues for a more expansive engagement with the policy mobilities literature, so that criminal justice researchers focus on concepts such as mobilities, mutation, assemblages, learning, educating and showcasing when studying the movement of criminal justice ideas, policies and models. To illustrate our argument, we will draw on a case study of the adaptation of the ‘Swedish model’ of governing sex work by policymakers in Northern Ireland.

This paper provides analysis and insight from a collaborative process with a Canadian sex worker rights organization called Stella, l'amie de Maimie, where we reflect on the use of and potential for digital technologies in service delivery. We analyze the Bad Client and Aggressor List - a reporting tool co-produced by sex workers in the community and Stella staff to reduce violence against sex workers. We analyze its current and potential future formats as an artefact for communication, in a context of sex work criminalization and the exclusion of sex workers from traditional routes for reporting violence and accessing governmental systems for justice. This paper addresses a novel aspect of HCI research that relates to digital technologies and social justice. Reflecting on the Bad Client and Aggressor List, we discuss how technologies can interact with justice-oriented service delivery and develop three implications for design.

The exponential growth of sexual commerce, migration and movement of people into the sex industry, as well as localised concerns about transactional sex, are key areas of interest across the urban west. Given the complex regulatory frameworks under-which the sex industry manifests, the role of the police is significant. Policing the Sex Industry draws on the research and expertise of academics and practitioners, presenting advanced scholarship across a range of countries and spaces. Unpicking the relationship between police practice and commercial sex whilst speaking to the current policy agendas, Policing the Sex Industry explores key issues including: trafficking, decriminalisation, localised impacts of punitive policing approaches, uneven policing approaches, hate-crime approaches and the impact of policing on trans sex workers. A dynamic and incisive contribution to existing research, Policing the Sex Industry will appeal to undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as researchers at all levels, interested in fields including Criminology, Sociology, Gender Politics and Women’s Studies.

The role of the police in the regulation and facilitation of sex work is increasingly highlighted and discussed in policy initiatives, media exposes and in the context of the front line work carried out by specialist services for sex workers. The ideological and theoretical foundations of this debate are discussed widely in the extant literature, and are often described as the 'sex wars'. Political debate, media coverage and on-the-ground practice interventions have been increasingly concerned with how the sex industry is policed and by whom. This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book explores some developments – particularly in the UK – which are pushing the boundaries of traditional policing around sex work and moving practice forward. It provides one of the first published overviews in relation to the policing and practices of trans sex workers in the UK.

Although policy, debate and academic discourse around sex work has become increasingly gender nuanced, with calls to ‘queer’ sex work over past 10 years or so, UK-based trans sex workers remain largely invisible in this body of work. This chapter seeks to outline the extant knowledge on trans sex workers and sex work in the UK with a focus on security, services and safety. Starting with an academic overview, we explore the existing knowledge base specifically on the policing and security risks faced by trans sex workers – acknowledging the myriad and complex issues often faced by, or experienced by trans sex workers in the context of gender, sexualities and stigma. Following this, we reflect on the expert knowledge of practitioners offering front line services to trans sex workers, and consider the potential and varied service needs of trans people in the context of sex work. Finally, we consider safety through an analysis of data from the National Ugly Mugs – an organisation seeking to reduce and tackle violence against sex workers by providing a national reporting and alert system – and discuss reports of violence and criminality made by trans sex workers. To conclude we make some recommendations about where future research might usefully enhance knowledge and practice around trans sex work in the UK.

Sex work is often constructed as an urban "problem". As a result, sex workers, clients and the spaces in which people buy or sell sex are frequently the subject of intervention from those governing cities. This paper considers the ways in which problems and solutions are framed in the wider governance of sex work in cities in the global north. It draws on a range of academic literature to show how the urban governance of sex work takes relational and territorial forms. Governance is relational in the sense that it is about improving‟ the connections and relationships between those involved in sex work and those seemingly affected by sex work; and it is territorial in that placing sex work in the city through spatial exclusion, containment and the construction and maintenance of spatial boundaries is often the focus of strategies of governance. The paper argues that while the urban governance of sex work is contingent, there are often resonances and connections between cities in how they frame the problem of sex work and the interventions used. The paper concludes by highlighting future areas for research on the subject of sex work, governance and the city.

Calciphylaxis is a rare disorder that is very unusual outside the setting of end-stage kidney disease.A 64-year-old woman with normal renal function presented with painful leg ulcers. She had previously received 300 000 IU of vitamin DCalcium and vitamin D

Sex work is a subject of significant contestation across academic disciplines, as well as within legal, medical, moral, feminist, political and socio-cultural discourses. A large body of research exists, but much of this focuses on the sale of sex by women to men and ignores other performances, practices, meanings and embodiments in the contemporary sex industry. A queer agenda is important in order to challenge hetero-centric gender norms and to develop new insights into how gender, sex, power, crime, work, migration, space/place, health and intimacy are understood in the context of commercial sexual encounters. Queer Sex Work explores what it might mean to 'be', 'do' and 'think' queer(ly) in the study and practice of commercial sex. It brings together a multiplicity of empirical case studies - including erotic dance venues, online sex working, pornography, grey sexual economies, and BSDM - and offers a variety of perspectives from academic scholars, policy practitioners, activists and sex workers themselves. In so doing, the book advances a queer politics of sex work that aims to disrupt heteronormative logics whilst also making space for different voices in academic and political debates about commercial sex. This unique and multidisciplinary volume will be indispensable for scholars and students of the global sex trade and of gender, sexuality, feminism and queer theory more broadly, as well as policymakers, activists and practitioners interested in the politics and practice of sex work in local, national and international contexts.

Sex work is conceptualised in a multiplicity of nuanced ways in the academic literature, including (among others) as a bounded, yet ‘authentic’ intimate practice, as labour, as an economic survival strategy and as a type of therapy (see inter alia Bernstein 2007; Sanders 2005; Ditmore et al. 2010; Smith 2013). In addition, victimisation, criminali-s at ion, as well as conceptual and material understandings of violence are key themes. There has been little exploration specifically, however, of sex work as an ‘invisible crime’1 yet there is potential for the crimi-nalisation and victimisation of sex workers (and many would argue the two are inextricably linked) to be explored through the invisible crime typology of the body. Within this analysis, I am not seeking to position sex workers as criminals, but instead will draw on parts of the legal system in England and Wales that criminalise aspects of the commercial sexual exchange. It is indisputable that sex work discourse is as much underpinned by criminological and legalistic frameworks as it is infused with moralistic, ideological and ethical debates.

This article draws on two research projects to explore how spaces of public male sex work come into being through commercial and public sexual practices. Utilizing a blended methodology of ethnography, participant observation, interview materials, map making and photography, the article explores an area known for commercial and non-commercial sexual encounters between men in a city in the UK. It makes conceptual arguments about the material and discursive significance of walking in the making, and continued existence of 'red light district' spaces. Specifically, we will look at how men engaged in sex work (those described to be 'doing business') and other men seeking non-commercial sexual liaisons recognize the potential for sexual encounters in the space through environmental and embodied signifiers. We also discuss how patterns of walking and waiting mediated by this reading of the environment contribute to the emergence and persistence of a 'beat' space. © The Author(s) 2012.

Dulong and Petit's law played an important role in the development of the periodic table as Mendeleyeff used this method in 1870 to correct the atomic weights of indium, cerium, and uranium that were wrong in the table of 1869. The discontinuous variation of molar heat capacity of a solid with change in temperature can be due to a phase change, order–disorder phenomena, or magnetic transitions. Two student exercises are described: the determination of the specific heat of a metal and hence its atomic weight (lab experiment) and a graphical study of specific heat versus atomic weight for different groups of metals and the confirmation of Dulong and Petit's law (classroom activity). The molar heat capacity is shown to be close to 26 J mol-1 K-1 for the solid elements. The anomalously low values for Be, B, C, and Si are explained by the Debye theory. The large value for Gd is shown to be a result of its magnetic properties; its Curie temperature is close to room temperature. The exercises are suitable for th...