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1. Lifestyle changes in middle age and risk of cancer: evidence from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Botteri, E, Peveri, G, Berstad, P, Bagnardi, V, Hoff, G, Heath, A, Cross, A, Vineis, P, Dossus, L, Johansson, M, Freisling, H, Matta, K, Huybrechts, I, Chen, S, B. Borch, K, Sandanger, T, H. Nost, T, Dahm, C, Antoniussen, C, Tin Tin, S, Fournier, A, Marques, C, Artaud, F, Sanchez, M, Guevara, M, Santiuste, C, Agudo, A, Bajracharya, R, Katzke, V, Ricceri, F, Agnoli, C, Bergmann, M, Schulze, M, Panico, S, Masala, G, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Stocks, T, Manjer, J, Aizpurua-Atxega, A, Weiderpass, E, Riboli, E, Gunter, M, Ferrari, P, Botteri E., Peveri G., Berstad P., Bagnardi V., Hoff G., Heath A. K., Cross A. J., Vineis P., Dossus L., Johansson M., Freisling H., Matta K., Huybrechts I., Chen S. L. F., B. Borch K., Sandanger T. M., H. Nost T., Dahm C. C., Antoniussen C. S., Tin Tin S., Fournier A., Marques C., Artaud F., Sanchez M. -J., Guevara M., Santiuste C., Agudo A., Bajracharya R., Katzke V., Ricceri F., Agnoli C., Bergmann M. M., Schulze M. B., Panico S., Masala G., Tjonneland A., Olsen A., Stocks T., Manjer J., Aizpurua-Atxega A., Weiderpass E., Riboli E., Gunter M. J., Ferrari P., Botteri, E, Peveri, G, Berstad, P, Bagnardi, V, Hoff, G, Heath, A, Cross, A, Vineis, P, Dossus, L, Johansson, M, Freisling, H, Matta, K, Huybrechts, I, Chen, S, B. Borch, K, Sandanger, T, H. Nost, T, Dahm, C, Antoniussen, C, Tin Tin, S, Fournier, A, Marques, C, Artaud, F, Sanchez, M, Guevara, M, Santiuste, C, Agudo, A, Bajracharya, R, Katzke, V, Ricceri, F, Agnoli, C, Bergmann, M, Schulze, M, Panico, S, Masala, G, Tjonneland, A, Olsen, A, Stocks, T, Manjer, J, Aizpurua-Atxega, A, Weiderpass, E, Riboli, E, Gunter, M, Ferrari, P, Botteri E., Peveri G., Berstad P., Bagnardi V., Hoff G., Heath A. K., Cross A. J., Vineis P., Dossus L., Johansson M., Freisling H., Matta K., Huybrechts I., Chen S. L. F., B. Borch K., Sandanger T. M., H. Nost T., Dahm C. C., Antoniussen C. S., Tin Tin S., Fournier A., Marques C., Artaud F., Sanchez M. -J., Guevara M., Santiuste C., Agudo A., Bajracharya R., Katzke V., Ricceri F., Agnoli C., Bergmann M. M., Schulze M. B., Panico S., Masala G., Tjonneland A., Olsen A., Stocks T., Manjer J., Aizpurua-Atxega A., Weiderpass E., Riboli E., Gunter M. J., and Ferrari P.

Abstract

In this study, we aimed to provide novel evidence on the impact of changing lifestyle habits on cancer risk. In the EPIC cohort, 295,865 middle-aged participants returned a lifestyle questionnaire at baseline and during follow-up. At both timepoints, we calculated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score based on cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index and physical activity. HLI ranged from 0 (most unfavourable) to 16 (most favourable). We estimated the association between HLI change and risk of lifestyle-related cancers—including cancer of the breast, lung, colorectum, stomach, liver, cervix, oesophagus, bladder, and others—using Cox regression models. We reported hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Median time between the two questionnaires was 5.7 years, median age at follow-up questionnaire was 59 years. After the follow-up questionnaire, we observed 14,933 lifestyle-related cancers over a median follow-up of 7.8 years. Each unit increase in the HLI score was associated with 4% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.96; 95%CI 0.95–0.97). Among participants in the top HLI third at baseline (HLI > 11), those in the bottom third at follow-up (HLI ≤ 9) had 21% higher risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 1.21; 95%CI 1.07–1.37) than those remaining in the top third. Among participants in the bottom HLI third at baseline, those in the top third at follow-up had 25% lower risk of lifestyle-related cancers (HR 0.75; 95%CI 0.65–0.86) than those remaining in the bottom third. These results indicate that lifestyle changes in middle age may have a significant impact on cancer risk.

Published
2024

2. Dietary intake of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and changes in body weight in European adults

Author

Cordova, R., Knaze, V., Viallon, V., Rust, P., Schalkwijk, C. G., Weiderpass, E., Wagner, K-H., Mayen-Chacon, A-L., Aglago, E. K., Dahm, C. C., Overvad, K., Tjønneland, A., Halkjær, J., Mancini, F. R., Boutron-Ruault, M-C., Fagherazzi, G., Katzke, V., Kühn, T., Schulze, M. B., Boeing, H., Trichopoulou, A., Karakatsani, A., Thriskos, P., Masala, G., Krogh, V., Panico, S., Tumino, R., Ricceri, F., Spijkerman, A., Boer, J., Skeie, G., Rylander, C., Borch, K. B., Quirós, J. R., Agudo, A., Redondo-Sánchez, D., Amiano, P., Gómez-Gómez, J-H., Barricarte, A., Ramne, S., Sonestedt, E., Johansson, I., Esberg, A., Tong, T., Aune, D., Tsilidis, K. K., Gunter, M. J., Jenab, M., and Freisling, Heinz

Published
2020
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5. Automated detection of lung nodules in low-dose computed tomography

Author

Cascio, D., Cheran, S. C., Chincarini, A., De Nunzio, G., Delogu, P., Fantacci, M. E., Gargano, G., Gori, I., Masala, G. L., Martinez, A. Preite, Retico, A., Santoro, M., Spinelli, C., and Tarantino, T.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

A computer-aided detection (CAD) system for the identification of pulmonary nodules in low-dose multi-detector computed-tomography (CT) images has been developed in the framework of the MAGIC-5 Italian project. One of the main goals of this project is to build a distributed database of lung CT scans in order to enable automated image analysis through a data and cpu GRID infrastructure. The basic modules of our lung-CAD system, consisting in a 3D dot-enhancement filter for nodule detection and a neural classifier for false-positive finding reduction, are described. The system was designed and tested for both internal and sub-pleural nodules. The database used in this study consists of 17 low-dose CT scans reconstructed with thin slice thickness (~300 slices/scan). The preliminary results are shown in terms of the FROC analysis reporting a good sensitivity (85% range) for both internal and sub-pleural nodules at an acceptable level of false positive findings (1-9 FP/scan); the sensitivity value remains very high (75% range) even at 1-6 FP/scan, Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures: Proceedings of the Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, 21th International Congress and Exhibition, Berlin, Volume 2, Supplement 1, June 2007, pp 357-359

Published
2007

6. Lung Nodule Detection in Screening Computed Tomography

Author

Gori, I., Bellotti, R., Cerello, P., Cheran, S. C., De Nunzio, G., Fantacci, M. E., Kasae, P., Masala, G. L., Martinez, A. Preite, and Retico, A.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

A computer-aided detection (CAD) system for the identification of pulmonary nodules in low-dose multi-detector helical Computed Tomography (CT) images with 1.25 mm slice thickness is presented. The basic modules of our lung-CAD system, a dot-enhancement filter for nodule candidate selection and a neural classifier for false-positive finding reduction, are described. The results obtained on the collected database of lung CT scans are discussed., Comment: 3 pages, 4 figures; Proceedings of the IEEE NNS and MIC Conference, Oct. 29 - Nov. 4, 2006, San Diego, California

Published
2007
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7. CADe tools for early detection of breast cancer

Author

Bottigli, U., Cerello, P. G., Delogu, P., Fantacci, M. E., Fauci, F., Forni, G., Golosio, B., Lauria, A., Lopez, E., Magro, R., Masala, G. L., Oliva, P., Palmiero, R., Raso, G., Retico, A., Stumbo, S., and Tangaro, S.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

A breast neoplasia is often marked by the presence of microcalcifications and massive lesions in the mammogram: hence the need for tools able to recognize such lesions at an early stage. Our collaboration, among italian physicists and radiologists, has built a large distributed database of digitized mammographic images and has developed a Computer Aided Detection (CADe) system for the automatic analysis of mammographic images and installed it in some Italian hospitals by a GRID connection. Regarding microcalcifications, in our CADe digital mammogram is divided into wide windows which are processed by a convolution filter; after a self-organizing map analyzes each window and produces 8 principal components which are used as input of a neural network (FFNN) able to classify the windows matched to a threshold. Regarding massive lesions we select all important maximum intensity position and define the ROI radius. From each ROI found we extract the parameters which are used as input in a FFNN to distinguish between pathological and non-pathological ROI. We present here a test of our CADe system, used as a second reader and a comparison with another (commercial) CADe system., Comment: 4 pages, Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Nuclear and Related Techniques 2003, Vol. unico, pp. d10/1-d10/4 Havana, Cuba

Published
2004

8. GPCALMA: a Grid-based tool for Mammographic Screening

Author

Bagnasco, S., Bottigli, U., Cerello, P., Cheran, S. C., Delogu, P., Fantacci, M. E., Fauci, F., Forni, G., Lauria, A., Torres, E. Lopez, Magro, R., Masala, G. L., Oliva, P., Palmiero, R., Ramello, L., Raso, G., Retico, A., Sitta, M., Stumbo, S., Tangaro, S., and Zanon, E.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

The next generation of High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments requires a GRID approach to a distributed computing system and the associated data management: the key concept is the Virtual Organisation (VO), a group of distributed users with a common goal and the will to share their resources. A similar approach is being applied to a group of Hospitals which joined the GPCALMA project (Grid Platform for Computer Assisted Library for MAmmography), which will allow common screening programs for early diagnosis of breast and, in the future, lung cancer. HEP techniques come into play in writing the application code, which makes use of neural networks for the image analysis and proved to be useful in improving the radiologists' performances in the diagnosis. GRID technologies allow remote image analysis and interactive online diagnosis, with a potential for a relevant reduction of the delays presently associated to screening programs. A prototype of the system, based on AliEn GRID Services, is already available, with a central Server running common services and several clients connecting to it. Mammograms can be acquired in any location; the related information required to select and access them at any time is stored in a common service called Data Catalogue, which can be queried by any client. The result of a query can be used as input for analysis algorithms, which are executed on nodes that are in general remote to the user (but always local to the input images) thanks to the PROOF facility. The selected approach avoids data transfers for all the images with a negative diagnosis (about 95% of the sample) and allows an almost real time diagnosis for the 5% of images with high cancer probability., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures; Proceedings of the HealthGrid Workshop 2004, January 29-30, Clermont-Ferrand, France

Published
2004

9. GPCALMA: A Tool For Mammography With A GRID-Connected Distributed Database

Author

Bottigli, U., Cerello, P., Cheran, S., Delogu, P., Fantacci, M. E., Fauci, F., Golosio, B., Lauria, A., Torres, E. Lopez, Magro, R., Masala, G. L., Oliva, P., Palmiero, R., Raso, G., Retico, A., Stumbo, S., and Tangaro, S.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

The GPCALMA (Grid Platform for Computer Assisted Library for MAmmography) collaboration involves several departments of physics, INFN sections, and italian hospitals. The aim of this collaboration is developing a tool that can help radiologists in early detection of breast cancer. GPCALMA has built a large distributed database of digitised mammographic images (about 5500 images corresponding to 1650 patients) and developed a CAD (Computer Aided Detection) software which is integrated in a station that can also be used for acquire new images, as archive and to perform statistical analysis. The images are completely described: pathological ones have a consistent characterization with radiologist's diagnosis and histological data, non pathological ones correspond to patients with a follow up at least three years. The distributed database is realized throught the connection of all the hospitals and research centers in GRID tecnology. In each hospital local patients digital images are stored in the local database. Using GRID connection, GPCALMA will allow each node to work on distributed database data as well as local database data. Using its database the GPCALMA tools perform several analysis. A texture analysis, i.e. an automated classification on adipose, dense or glandular texture, can be provided by the system. GPCALMA software also allows classification of pathological features, in particular massive lesions analysis and microcalcification clusters analysis. The performance of the GPCALMA system will be presented in terms of the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves. The results of GPCALMA system as "second reader" will also be presented., Comment: 6 pages, Proceedings of the Seventh Mexican Symposium on Medical Physics 2003, Vol. 682/1, pp. 67-72, Mexico City, Mexico

Published
2004
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10. GPCALMA: a Grid Approach to Mammographic Screening

Author

Bagnasco, S., Bottigli, U., Cerello, P., Delogu, P., Fantacci, M. E., Torres, E. Lopez, Masala, G. L., Oliva, P., Retico, A., and Stumbo, S.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

The next generation of High Energy Physics experiments requires a GRID approach to a distributed computing system and the associated data management: the key concept is the "Virtual Organisation" (VO), a group of geographycally distributed users with a common goal and the will to share their resources. A similar approach is being applied to a group of Hospitals which joined the GPCALMA project (Grid Platform for Computer Assisted Library for MAmmography), which will allow common screening programs for early diagnosis of breast and, in the future, lung cancer. HEP techniques come into play in writing the application code, which makes use of neural networks for the image analysis and shows performances similar to radiologists in the diagnosis. GRID technologies will allow remote image analysis and interactive online diagnosis, with a relevant reduction of the delays presently associated to screening programs., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures; to appear in the Proceedings of Frontier Detectors For Frontier Physics, 9th Pisa Meeting on Advanced Detectors, 25-31 May 2003, La Biodola, Isola d'Elba, Italy

Published
2003
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11. Diagnostic performance of radiologists with and without different CAD systems for mammography

Author

Lauria, A., Fantacci, M. E., Bottigli, U., Delogu, P., Fauci, F., Golosio, B., Indovina, P. L., Masala, G. L., Oliva, P., Palmiero, R., Raso, G., Stumbo, S., and Tangaro, S.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

The purpose of this study is the evaluation of the variation of performance in terms of sensitivity and specificity of two radiologists with different experience in mammography, with and without the assistance of two different CAD systems. The CAD considered are SecondLookTM (CADx Medical Systems, Canada), and CALMA (Computer Assisted Library in MAmmography). The first is a commercial system, the other is the result of a a research project, supported by INFN (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy); their characteristics have been already reported in literature. To compare the results with and without these tools, a dataset composed by 70 images of patients with cancer (biopsy proven) and 120 images of healthy breasts (with a three years follow up) has been collected. All the images have been digitized and analysed by two CAD, then two radiologists with respectively 6 and 2 years of experience in mammography indipendently made their diagnosis without and with, the support of the two CAD systems. In this work sensitivity and specificity variation, the Az area under the ROC curve, are reported. The results show that the use of a CAD allows for a substantial increment in sensitivity and a less pronounced decrement in specificity. The extent of these effects depends on the experience of the readers and is comparable for the two CAD considered., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures; to appear in the Proceedings of The International Society for Optical Engineering, SPIE Conference, 15-20 February 2003, San Diego, California, USA

Published
2003
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12. A Computer Aided Detection system for mammographic images implemented on a GRID infrastructure

Author

Bottigli, U., Cerello, P., Delogu, P., Fantacci, M. E., Fauci, F., Forni, G., Golosio, B., Indovina, P. L., Lauria, A., Torres, E. Lopez, Magro, R., Masala, G. L., Oliva, P., Palmiero, R., Raso, G., Retico, A., Stefanini, A., Stumbo, S., and Tangaro, S.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

The use of an automatic system for the analysis of mammographic images has proven to be very useful to radiologists in the investigation of breast cancer, especially in the framework of mammographic-screening programs. A breast neoplasia is often marked by the presence of microcalcification clusters and massive lesions in the mammogram: hence the need for tools able to recognize such lesions at an early stage. In the framework of the GPCALMA (GRID Platform for Computer Assisted Library for MAmmography) project, the co-working of italian physicists and radiologists built a large distributed database of digitized mammographic images (about 5500 images corresponding to 1650 patients) and developed a CAD (Computer Aided Detection) system, able to make an automatic search of massive lesions and microcalcification clusters. The CAD is implemented in the GPCALMA integrated station, which can be used also for digitization, as archive and to perform statistical analyses. Some GPCALMA integrated stations have already been implemented and are currently on clinical trial in some italian hospitals. The emerging GRID technology can been used to connect the GPCALMA integrated stations operating in different medical centers. The GRID approach will support an effective tele- and co-working between radiologists, cancer specialists and epidemiology experts by allowing remote image analysis and interactive online diagnosis., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the 13th IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference 2003, Montreal, Canada, May 18-23 2003

Published
2003

13. GPCALMA, a mammographic CAD in a GRID connection

Author

Bottigli, U., Cerello, P. G., Delogu, P., Fantacci, M. E., Fauci, F., Golosio, B., Lauria, A., Torres, E. Lopez, Magro, R., Masala, G. L., Oliva, P., Palmiero, R., Raso, G., Retico, A., Stumbo, S., and Tangaro, S.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

Purpose of this work is the development of an automatic system which could be useful for radiologists in the investigation of breast cancer. A breast neoplasia is often marked by the presence of microcalcifications and massive lesions in the mammogram: hence the need for tools able to recognize such lesions at an early stage. GPCALMA (Grid Platform Computer Assisted Library for MAmmography), a collaboration among italian physicists and radiologists, has built a large distributed database of digitized mammographic images (at this moment about 5500 images corresponding to 1650 patients). This collaboration has developed a CAD (Computer Aided Detection) system which, installed in an integrated station, can also be used for digitization, as archive and to perform statistical analysis. With a GRID configuration it would be possible for the clinicians tele- and co-working in new and innovative groupings ('virtual organisations') and, using the whole database, by the GPCALMA tools several analysis can be performed. Furthermore the GPCALMA system allows to be abreast of the CAD technical progressing into several hospital locations always with remote working by GRID connection. We report in this work the results obtained by the GPCALMA CAD software implemented with a GRID connection., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in CARS 2003 Proceedings, Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery 17th International Congress and Exhibition, London, June 25-28, 2003

Published
2003

15. A prospective evaluation of plasma phospholipid fatty acids and breast cancer risk in the EPIC study

Author

Chajès, V., Assi, N., Biessy, C., Ferrari, P., Rinaldi, S., Slimani, N., Lenoir, G.M., Baglietto, L., His, M., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Trichopoulou, A., Lagiou, P., Katsoulis, M., Kaaks, R., Kühn, T., Panico, S., Pala, V., Masala, G., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B., Peeters, P.H., van Gils, C., Hjartåker, A., Standahl Olsen, K., Borgund Barnung, R., Barricarte, A., Redondo-Sanchez, D., Menéndez, V., Amiano, P., Wennberg, M., Key, T., Khaw, K.T., Merritt, M.A., Riboli, E., Gunter, M.J., and Romieu, I.

Published
2017
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18. Smoking and Hematolymphopoietic Malignancies

Author

Stagnaro, E., Ramazzotti, V., Crosignani, P., Fontana, A., Masala, G., Miligi, L., Nanni, O., Neri, M., Rodella, S., Costantini, A. Seniori, Tumino, R., Viganò, C., Vindigni, C., and Vineis, P.

Published
2001

20. 2D Recurrent Neural Networks for Robust Visual Tracking of Non-Rigid Bodies

Author

Masala, G. L., Golosio, B., Tistarelli, M., Grosso, E., Diniz Junqueira Barbosa, Simone, Series editor, Chen, Phoebe, Series editor, Du, Xiaoyong, Series editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series editor, Kara, Orhun, Series editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series editor, Liu, Ting, Series editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series editor, Washio, Takashi, Series editor, Jayne, Chrisina, editor, and Iliadis, Lazaros, editor

Published
2016
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21. A body shape index (ABSI) is associated inversely with post-menopausal progesterone-receptor-negative breast cancer risk in a large European cohort

Author

Christakoudi, S, Tsilidis, KK, Dossus, L, Rinaldi, S, Weiderpass, E, Antoniussen, CS, Dahm, CC, Tjønneland, A, Mellemkjær, L, Katzke, V, Kaaks, R, Schulze, MB, Masala, G, Grioni, S, Panico, S, Tumino, R, Sacerdote, C, May, AM, Monninkhof, EM, Quirós, JR, Bonet, C, Sánchez, M-J, Amiano, P, Chirlaque, M-D, Guevara, M, Rosendahl, AH, Stocks, T, Perez-Cornago, A, Tin Tin, S, Heath, AK, Aglago, EK, Peruchet-Noray, L, Freisling, H, and Riboli, E

Subjects
Breast Neoplasms/complications, Somatotypes, Hip Size, Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/complications, Waist Size, Middle Aged, Body Mass Index, Postmenopause, ABSI, Body shape, Breast cancer, Risk Factors, Humans, Female, Prospective Studies, Obesity, Progesterone
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Associations of body shape with breast cancer risk, independent of body size, are unclear because waist and hip circumferences are correlated strongly positively with body mass index (BMI).METHODS: We evaluated body shape with the allometric "a body shape index" (ABSI) and hip index (HI), which compare waist and hip circumferences, correspondingly, among individuals with the same weight and height. We examined associations of ABSI, HI, and BMI (per one standard deviation increment) with breast cancer overall, and according to menopausal status at baseline, age at diagnosis, and oestrogen and progesterone receptor status (ER+/-PR+/-) in multivariable Cox proportional hazards models using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 14.0 years, 9011 incident breast cancers were diagnosed among 218,276 women. Although there was little evidence for association of ABSI with breast cancer overall (hazard ratio HR = 0.984; 95% confidence interval: 0.961-1.007), we found borderline inverse associations for post-menopausal women (HR = 0.971; 0.942-1.000; n = 5268 cases) and breast cancers diagnosed at age ≥ 55 years (HR = 0.976; 0.951-1.002; n = 7043) and clear inverse associations for ER + PR- subtypes (HR = 0.894; 0.822-0.971; n = 726) and ER-PR- subtypes (HR = 0.906; 0.835-0.983 n = 759). There were no material associations with HI. BMI was associated strongly positively with breast cancer overall (HR = 1.074; 1.049-1.098), for post-menopausal women (HR = 1.117; 1.085-1.150), for cancers diagnosed at age ≥ 55 years (HR = 1.104; 1.076-1.132), and for ER + PR + subtypes (HR = 1.122; 1.080-1.165; n = 3101), but not for PR- subtypes.CONCLUSIONS: In the EPIC cohort, abdominal obesity evaluated with ABSI was not associated with breast cancer risk overall but was associated inversely with the risk of post-menopausal PR- breast cancer. Our findings require validation in other cohorts and with a larger number of PR- breast cancer cases.

Published
2023
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22. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and future Parkinson's disease risk: a European prospective cohort.

Author

Zhao, Yujia, Walker, D.I., Lill, C.M., Bloem, B.R., Darweesh, S.K.L., Pinto-Pacheco, B., McNeil, B., Miller, G.W., Heath, A.K., Frissen, M.N., Petrova, D., Sánchez, M.J., Chirlaque, M.D., Guevara, M., Zibetti, M., Panico, S., Middleton, L., Katzke, V., Kaaks, R., Riboli, E., Masala, G., Sieri, S., Zamora-Ros, R., Amiano, P., Jenab, M., Peters, Susan, Vermeulen, R., Zhao, Yujia, Walker, D.I., Lill, C.M., Bloem, B.R., Darweesh, S.K.L., Pinto-Pacheco, B., McNeil, B., Miller, G.W., Heath, A.K., Frissen, M.N., Petrova, D., Sánchez, M.J., Chirlaque, M.D., Guevara, M., Zibetti, M., Panico, S., Middleton, L., Katzke, V., Kaaks, R., Riboli, E., Masala, G., Sieri, S., Zamora-Ros, R., Amiano, P., Jenab, M., Peters, Susan, and Vermeulen, R.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, INTRODUCTION: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the outer membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS-binding protein (LBP) is an acute-phase reactant that mediates immune responses triggered by LPS and has been used as a blood marker for LPS. LBP has recently been indicated to be associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) in small-scale retrospective case-control studies. We aimed to investigate the association between LBP blood levels with PD risk in a nested case-control study within a large European prospective cohort. METHODS: A total of 352 incident PD cases (55% males) were identified and one control per case was selected, matched by age at recruitment, sex and study center. LBP levels in plasma collected at recruitment, which was on average 7.8 years before diagnosis of the cases, were analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated for one unit increase of the natural log of LBP levels and PD incidence by conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Plasma LBP levels were higher in prospective PD cases compared to controls (median (interquartile range) 26.9 (18.1-41.0) vs. 24.7 (16.6-38.4) µg/ml). The OR for PD incidence per one unit increase of log LBP was elevated (1.46, 95% CI 0.98-2.19). This association was more pronounced among women (OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.40-5.13) and overweight/obese subjects (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.09-2.18). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that higher plasma LBP levels may be associated with an increased risk of PD and may thus pinpoint to a potential role of endotoxemia in the pathogenesis of PD, particularly in women and overweight/obese individuals.

Published
2023

23. Metabolically defined body size and body shape phenotypes and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Epi Kanker, Cancer, JC onderzoeksprogramma Kanker, Epi Kanker Team C, Mahamat-Saleh, Y., Rinaldi, S., Kaaks, R., Biessy, C., Gonzalez-Gil, E. M., Murphy, N., Le Cornet, C., Huerta, J. M., Sieri, S., Tjønneland, A., Mellemkjær, L., Guevara, M., Overvad, K., Perez-Cornago, A., Tin Tin, S., Padroni, L., Simeon, V., Masala, G., May, A., Monninkhof, E., Christakoudi, S., Heath, A. K., Tsilidis, K., Agudo, A., Schulze, M. B., Rothwell, J., Cadeau, C., Severi, S., Weiderpass, E., Gunter, M. J., Dossus, L., Epi Kanker, Cancer, JC onderzoeksprogramma Kanker, Epi Kanker Team C, Mahamat-Saleh, Y., Rinaldi, S., Kaaks, R., Biessy, C., Gonzalez-Gil, E. M., Murphy, N., Le Cornet, C., Huerta, J. M., Sieri, S., Tjønneland, A., Mellemkjær, L., Guevara, M., Overvad, K., Perez-Cornago, A., Tin Tin, S., Padroni, L., Simeon, V., Masala, G., May, A., Monninkhof, E., Christakoudi, S., Heath, A. K., Tsilidis, K., Agudo, A., Schulze, M. B., Rothwell, J., Cadeau, C., Severi, S., Weiderpass, E., Gunter, M. J., and Dossus, L.

Published
2023

24. Metabolically defined body size and body shape phenotypes and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Mahamat-Saleh, Y., Rinaldi, S., Kaaks, R., Biessy, C., Gonzalez-Gil, E. M., Murphy, N., Le Cornet, C., Huerta, J. M., Sieri, S., Tjønneland, A., Mellemkjær, L., Guevara, M., Overvad, K., Perez-Cornago, A., Tin Tin, S., Padroni, L., Simeon, V., Masala, G., May, A., Monninkhof, E., Christakoudi, S., Heath, A. K., Tsilidis, K., Agudo, A., Schulze, M. B., Rothwell, J., Cadeau, C., Severi, S., Weiderpass, E., Gunter, M. J., Dossus, L., Mahamat-Saleh, Y., Rinaldi, S., Kaaks, R., Biessy, C., Gonzalez-Gil, E. M., Murphy, N., Le Cornet, C., Huerta, J. M., Sieri, S., Tjønneland, A., Mellemkjær, L., Guevara, M., Overvad, K., Perez-Cornago, A., Tin Tin, S., Padroni, L., Simeon, V., Masala, G., May, A., Monninkhof, E., Christakoudi, S., Heath, A. K., Tsilidis, K., Agudo, A., Schulze, M. B., Rothwell, J., Cadeau, C., Severi, S., Weiderpass, E., Gunter, M. J., and Dossus, L.

Abstract

Background: Excess body fatness and hyperinsulinemia are both associated with an increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. However, whether women with high body fatness but normal insulin levels or those with normal body fatness and high levels of insulin are at elevated risk of breast cancer is not known. We investigated the associations of metabolically defined body size and shape phenotypes with the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in a nested case–control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Methods: Concentrations of C-peptide—a marker for insulin secretion—were measured at inclusion prior to cancer diagnosis in serum from 610 incident postmenopausal breast cancer cases and 1130 matched controls. C-peptide concentrations among the control participants were used to define metabolically healthy (MH; in first tertile) and metabolically unhealthy (MU; >1st tertile) status. We created four metabolic health/body size phenotype categories by combining the metabolic health definitions with normal weight (NW; BMI < 25 kg/m2, or WC < 80 cm, or WHR < 0.8) and overweight or obese (OW/OB; BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, or WC ≥ 80 cm, or WHR ≥ 0.8) status for each of the three anthropometric measures separately: (1) MHNW, (2) MHOW/OB, (3) MUNW, and (4) MUOW/OB. Conditional logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Women classified as MUOW/OB were at higher risk of postmenopausal breast cancer compared to MHNW women considering BMI (OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.14–2.19) and WC (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.09–2.08) cut points and there was also a suggestive increased risk for the WHR (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 0.94–1.77) definition. Conversely, women with the MHOW/OB and MUNW were not at statistically significant elevated risk of postmenopausal breast cancer risk compared to MHNW women. Conclusion: These findings suggest that being overweight or obese and metabol

Published
2023

25. Metabolically defined body size and body shape phenotypes and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Mahamat‐Saleh, Y., primary, Rinaldi, S., additional, Kaaks, R., additional, Biessy, C., additional, Gonzalez‐Gil, E. M., additional, Murphy, N., additional, Le Cornet, C., additional, Huerta, J. M., additional, Sieri, S., additional, Tjønneland, A., additional, Mellemkjær, L., additional, Guevara, M., additional, Overvad, K., additional, Perez‐Cornago, A., additional, Tin Tin, S., additional, Padroni, L., additional, Simeon, V., additional, Masala, G., additional, May, A., additional, Monninkhof, E., additional, Christakoudi, S., additional, Heath, A. K., additional, Tsilidis, K., additional, Agudo, A., additional, Schulze, M. B., additional, Rothwell, J., additional, Cadeau, C., additional, Severi, S., additional, Weiderpass, E., additional, Gunter, M. J., additional, and Dossus, L., additional

Published
2023
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28. No association of alcohol use and the risk of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease: data from a European Prospective cohort study (EPIC)

Author

Bergmann, M M, Hernandez, V, Bernigau, W, Boeing, H, Chan, S S M, Luben, R, Khaw, K-T, Schaik, F van, Oldenburg, B., Bueno-de-Mesquita, B., Overvad, K., Palli, D., Masala, G., Carbonnel, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Olsen, A., and Tjonneland, A.

Subjects
Ulcerative colitis -- Risk factors, Drinking of alcoholic beverages -- Health aspects, Crohn's disease -- Risk factors, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Background/Objectives: The role of long-term alcohol consumption for the risk of developing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) is unclear. For the first time, to prospectively assess the role of pre-disease alcohol consumption on the risk of developing UC or CD. Subjects/Methods: Nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-IBD), incident UC and CD cases and matched controls where included. At recruitment, participants completed validated food frequency and lifestyle questionnaires. Alcohol consumption was classified as either: non-use, former, light ([[less-than or slanted equal to]0.5 and 1 drink per week), below the recommended limits (BRL) ([[less-than or slanted equal to]1 and 2 drinks per day), moderate ([[less-than or slanted equal to]2.5 and 5 drinks per day), or heavy use (>2.5 and >5 drinks per day) for women and men, respectively; and was expressed as consumption at enrolment and during lifetime. Conditional logistic regression was applied adjusting for smoking and education, taking light users as the reference. Results: Out of 262 451 participants in six countries, 198 UC incident cases/792 controls and 84 CD cases/336 controls were included. At enrolment, 8%/27%/32%/23%/11% UC cases and 7%/29%/40%/19%/5% CD cases were: non-users, light, BRL, moderate and heavy users, respectively. The corresponding figures for lifetime non-use, former, light, BRL, moderate and heavy use were: 3%/5%/23%/44%/19%/6% and 5%/2%/25%/44%/23%/1% for UC and CD cases, respectively. There were no associations between any categories of alcohol consumption and risk of UC or CD in the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios. Conclusion: There was no evidence of associations between alcohol use and the odds of developing either UC or CD., Author(s): M M Bergmann [sup.1] , V Hernandez [sup.1] [sup.2] , W Bernigau [sup.1] , H Boeing [sup.1] , S S M Chan [sup.3] [sup.4] , R Luben [sup.5] , [...]

Published
2017
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29. Coffee consumption and risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: evidence from the Italian multicentre case–control study

Author

Parodi, Stefano, Merlo, Franco Domenico, Stagnaro, Emanuele, Crosignani, P., Fontana, A., Miligi, L., Masala, G., Nanni, O., Ramazzotti, V., Rodella, S., Costantini, A. Seniori, Tumino, R., Viganò, C., Vindigni, C., Vineis, P., and On behalf of the Working Group for the Epidemiology of Hematolymphopoietic Malignancies in Italy

Published
2017
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30. Association of Mediterranean diet with survival after breast cancer diagnosis in women from nine European countries: results from the EPIC cohort study

Author

Castro-Espin, C, Bonet, C, Crous-Bou, M, Nadal-Zaragoza, N, Tjønneland, A, Mellemkjær, L, Hajji-Louati, M, Truong, T, Katzke, V, Le Cornet, C, Schulze, MB, Jannasch, F, Masala, G, Sieri, S, Panico, S, Di Girolamo, C, Skeie, G, Borch, KB, Olsen, KS, Sánchez, M-J, Amiano, P, Chirlaque, M-D, Guevara, M, Sund, M, Bodén, S, Gunter, MJ, Gonzalez-Gil, EM, Weiderpass, E, Aguilera-Buenosvinos, I, Tsilidis, KK, Heath, AK, Aune, D, Dossus, L, and Agudo, A

Subjects
Näringslära, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Nutrition and Dietetics, Breast cancer, Cancer survivors, Mediterranean diet, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Dietary patterns, Prospective studies
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The Mediterranean diet has been associated with lower risk of breast cancer (BC) but evidence from prospective studies on the role of Mediterranean diet on BC survival remains sparse and conflicting. We aimed to investigate whether adherence to Mediterranean diet prior to diagnosis is associated with overall and BC-specific mortality. METHODS: A total of 13,270 incident breast cancer cases were identified from an initial sample of 318,686 women in 9 countries from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Adherence to Mediterranean diet was estimated through the adapted relative Mediterranean diet (arMED), a 16-point score that includes 8 key components of the Mediterranean diet and excludes alcohol. The degree of adherence to arMED was classified as low (score 0-5), medium (score 6-8), and high (score 9-16). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the association between the arMED score and overall mortality, and Fine-Gray competing risks models were applied for BC-specific mortality. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 8.6 years from diagnosis, 2340 women died, including 1475 from breast cancer. Among all BC survivors, low compared to medium adherence to arMED score was associated with a 13% higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.13, 95%CI 1.01-1.26). High compared to medium adherence to arMED showed a non-statistically significant association (HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.84-1.05). With no statistically significant departures from linearity, on a continuous scale, a 3-unit increase in the arMED score was associated with an 8% reduced risk of overall mortality (HR3-unit 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.97). This result sustained when restricted to postmenopausal women and was stronger among metastatic BC cases (HR3-unit 0.81, 95% CI: 0.72-0.91). CONCLUSIONS: Consuming a Mediterranean diet before BC diagnosis may improve long-term prognosis, particularly after menopause and in cases of metastatic breast cancer. Well-designed dietary interventions are needed to confirm these findings and define specific dietary recommendations.

Published
2023

33. Physical activity, sex steroid, and growth factor concentrations in pre- and post-menopausal women: a cross-sectional study within the EPIC cohort

Author

Rinaldi, S., Kaaks, R., Friedenreich, C. M., Key, T. J., Travis, R., Biessy, C., Slimani, N., Overvad, K., Østergaard, J. N., Tjønneland, A., Olsen, A., Mesrine, S., Fournier, A., Dossus, L., Lukanova, A., Johnson, T., Boeing, H., Vigl, M., Trichopoulou, A., Benetou, V., Trichopoulos, D., Masala, G., Krogh, V., Tumino, R., Ricceri, F., Panico, S., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Monninkhof, E. M., May, A. M., Weiderpass, E., Quirós, J. R., Travier, N., Molina-Montes, E., Amiano, P., Huerta, J. M., Ardanaz, E., Sund, M., Johansson, M., Khaw, K. T., Wareham, N., Scalbert, A., Gunter, M. J., Riboli, E., and Romieu, I.

Published
2014

34. SCORE2 risk prediction algorithms: new models to estimate 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease in Europe

Author

Hageman, S., Pennells, L., Ojeda, F., Kaptoge, S., Kuulasmaa, K., Vries, T. de, Xu, Z., Kee, F., Chung, R., Wood, A., McEvoy, J.W., Veronesi, G., Bolton, T., Dendale, P., Ference, B.A., Halle, M., Timmis, A., Vardas, P., Danesh, J., Graham, I., Salomaa, V., Visseren, F., Bacquer, D. de, Blankenberg, S., Dorresteijn, J., Angelantonio, E. di, Achenbach, S., Aleksandrova, K., Amiano, P., Amouyel, P., Andersson, J., Bakker, S.J.L., Costa, R.B.D., Beulens, J.W.J., Blaha, M., Bobak, M., Boer, J.M.A., Bonet, C., Bonnet, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.C., Braaten, T., Brenner, H., Brunner, F., Brunner, E.J., Brunstrom, M., Buring, J., Butterworth, A.S., Capkova, N., Cesana, G., Chrysohoou, C., Colorado-Yohar, S., Cook, N.R., Cooper, C., Dahm, C.C., Davidson, K., Dennison, E., Castelnuovo, A. di, Donfrancesco, C., Dorr, M., Dorynska, A., Eliasson, M., Engstrom, G., Ferrari, P., Ferrario, M., Ford, I., Fu, M., Gansevoort, R.T., Giampaoli, S., Gillum, R.F., Camara, A.G. de la, Grassi, G., Hansson, P.O., Huculeci, R., Hveem, K., Iacoviello, L., Ikram, M.K., Jorgensen, T., Joseph, B., Jousilahti, P., Jukema, J.W., Kaaks, R., Katzke, V., Kavousi, M., Kiechl, S., Klotsche, J., Konig, W., Kronmal, R.A., Kubinova, R., Kucharska-Newton, A., Lall, K., Lehmann, N., Leistner, D., Linneberg, A., Pablos, D.L., Lorenz, T., Lu, W.T., Luksiene, D., Lyngbakken, M., Magnussen, C., Malyutina, S., Ibanez, A.M., Masala, G., Mathiesen, E.B., Matsushita, K., Meade, T.W., Melander, O., Meyer, H.E., Moons, K.G.M., Moreno-Iribas, C., Muller, D., Munzel, T., Nikitin, Y., Nordestgaard, B.G., Omland, T., Onland, C., Overvad, K., Packard, C., Pajak, A., Palmieri, L., Panagiotakos, D., Panico, S., Perez-Cornago, A., Peters, A., Pietila, A., Pikhart, H., Psaty, B.M., Quarti-Trevano, F., Garcia, J.R.Q., Riboli, E., Ridker, P.M., Rodriguez, B., Rodriguez-Barranco, M., Rosengren, A., Roussel, R., Sacerdote, C., Sans, S., Sattar, N., Schiborn, C., Schmidt, B., Schottker, B., Schulze, M., Schwartz, J.E., Selmer, R.M., Shea, S., Shipley, M.J., Sieri, S., Soderberg, S., Sofat, R., Tamosiunas, A., Thorand, B., Tillmann, T., Tjonneland, A., Tong, T.Y.N., Trichopoulou, A., Tumino, R., Tunstall-Pedoe, H., Tybjaerg-Hansen, A., Tzoulaki, J., Heijden, A. van der, Schouw, Y.T. van der, Verschuren, W.M.M., Volzke, H., Waldeyer, C., Wareham, N.J., Weiderpass, E., Weidinger, F., Wild, P., Willeit, J., Willeit, P., Wilsgaard, T., Woodward, M., Zeller, T., Zhang, D.D., Zhou, B., SCORE2 Working Grp, ESC Cardiovasc Risk Collaboration, collaboration, SCORE2 working group and ESC Cardiovascular risk, Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Epidemiology, Neurology, Achenbach, S, Aleksandrova, K, Amiano, P, San Sebastian, D, Amouyel, P, Andersson, J, Bakker, S, Da Providencia Costa, R, Beulens, J, Blaha, M, Bobak, M, Boer, J, Bonet, C, Bonnet, F, Boutron-Ruault, M, Braaten, T, Brenner, H, Brunner, F, Brunner, E, Brunström, M, Buring, J, Butterworth, A, Capkova, N, Cesana, G, Chrysohoou, C, Colorado-Yohar, S, Cook, N, Cooper, C, Dahm, C, Davidson, K, Dennison, E, Di Castelnuovo, A, Donfrancesco, C, Dörr, M, Doryńska, A, Eliasson, M, Engström, G, Ferrari, P, Ferrario, M, Ford, I, Fu, M, Gansevoort, R, Giampaoli, S, Gillum, R, Gómez de la Cámara, A, Grassi, G, Hansson, P, Huculeci, R, Hveem, K, Iacoviello, L, Ikram, M, Jørgensen, T, Joseph, B, Jousilahti, P, Wouter Jukema, J, Kaaks, R, Katzke, V, Kavousi, M, Kiechl, S, Klotsche, J, König, W, Kronmal, R, Kubinova, R, Kucharska-Newton, A, Läll, K, Lehmann, N, Leistner, D, Linneberg, A, Pablos, D, Lorenz, T, Lu, W, Luksiene, D, Lyngbakken, M, Magnussen, C, Malyutina, S, Ibañez, A, Masala, G, Mathiesen, E, Matsushita, K, Meade, T, Melander, O, Meyer, H, Moons, K, Moreno-Iribas, C, Muller, D, Münzel, T, Nikitin, Y, Nordestgaard, B, Omland, T, Onland, C, Overvad, K, Packard, C, Pająk, A, Palmieri, L, Panagiotakos, D, Panico, S, Perez-Cornago, A, Peters, A, Pietilä, A, Pikhart, H, Psaty, B, Quarti-Trevano, F, Garcia, J, Riboli, E, Ridker, P, Rodriguez, B, Rodriguez-Barranco, M, Rosengren, A, Roussel, R, Sacerdote, C, S, S, Sattar, N, Schiborn, C, Schmidt, B, Schöttker, B, Schulze, M, Schwartz, J, Selmer, R, Shea, S, Shipley, M, Sieri, S, Söderberg, S, Sofat, R, Tamosiunas, A, Thorand, B, Tillmann, T, Tjønneland, A, Tong, T, Trichopoulou, A, Tumino, R, Tunstall-Pedoe, H, Tybjaerg-Hansen, A, Tzoulaki, J, van der Heijden, A, van der Schouw, Y, Verschuren, W, Völzke, H, Waldeyer, C, Wareham, N, Weiderpass, E, Weidinger, F, Wild, P, Willeit, J, Willeit, P, Wilsgaard, T, Woodward, M, Zeller, T, Zhang, D, Zhou, B, and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Male, Cardiology, RATIONALE, Blood Pressure, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, PROFILE, ACUTE CORONARY EVENTS, VALIDATION, Europe/epidemiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, DESIGN, Clinical Research, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, PARTICIPANTS, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Risk factor, Aged, Primary prevention, business.industry, 10-year CVD risk, Incidence (epidemiology), Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology, Risk Prediction, Cardiovascular Disease, Primary Prevention, 10-year Cvd Risk, External validation, PRIMARY-CARE, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Cardiovascular disease, Risk prediction, 3. Good health, Europe, Prediction algorithms, Blood pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Smoking status, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Algorithms, Demography
Abstract

Aims The aim of this study was to develop, validate, and illustrate an updated prediction model (SCORE2) to estimate 10-year fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in individuals without previous CVD or diabetes aged 40-69 years in Europe.Methods and results We derived risk prediction models using individual-participant data from 45 cohorts in 13 countries (677 684 individuals, 30 121 CVD events). We used sex-specific and competing risk-adjusted models, including age, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, and total- and HDL-cholesterol. We defined four risk regions in Europe according to country-specific CVD mortality, recalibrating models to each region using expected incidences and risk factor distributions. Region-specific incidence was estimated using CVD mortality and incidence data on 10 776 466 individuals. For external validation, we analysed data from 25 additional cohorts in 15 European countries (1 133 181 individuals, 43 492 CVD events). After applying the derived risk prediction models to external validation cohorts, C-indices ranged from 0.67 (0.65-0.68) to 0.81 (0.76-0.86). Predicted CVD risk varied several-fold across European regions. For example, the estimated 10-year CVD risk for a 50-year-old smoker, with a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg, total cholesterol of 5.5 mmol/L, and HDL-cholesterol of 1.3 mmol/L, ranged from 5.9% for men in low- risk countries to 14.0% for men in very high-risk countries, and from 4.2% for women in low-risk countries to 13.7% for women in very high-risk countries.Conclusion SCORE2-a new algorithm derived, calibrated, and validated to predict 10-year risk of first-onset CVD in European populations-enhances the identification of individuals at higher risk of developing CVD across Europe. Acknowledgements We thank investigators and participants of the several studies that contributed data to the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration (ERFC). This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under Application Number 26865. Data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) were obtained under licence from the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (protocol 162RMn2). CPRD uses data provided by patients and collected by the NHS as part of their care and support. We thank all EPIC participants and staff for their contribution to the study, the laboratory teams at the Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit for sample management and Cambridge Genomic Services for genotyping, Sarah Spackman for data management and the team at the EPIC-CVD Coordinating Centre for study co-ordination and administration. Funding The ERFC co-ordinating centre was underpinned by programme grants from the British Heart Foundation (SP/09/002; RG/13/13/30194; RG/18/13/33946), BHF Centre of Research Excellence (RE/18/1/34212), the UK Medical Research Council (MR/L003120/1), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC1215-20014), with project-specific support received from the UK NIHR [*], British United Provident Association UK Foundation and an unrestricted educational grant from GlaxoSmithKline. A variety of funding sources have supported recruitment, follow-up, and laboratory measurements in the studies contributing data to the ERFC, which are listed on the ERFC website (www.phpc.cam.ac.uk/ceu/erfc/list-of-studies). *The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. This work was supported by Health Data Research UK, which is funded by the UK Medical Research Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Economic and Social Research Council, Department of Health and Social Care (England), Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government Health and Social Care Directorates, Health and Social Care Research and Development Division (Welsh Government), Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), British Heart Foundation, and Wellcome. The MORGAM Project has received funding from EU projects MORGAM (Biomed BMH4-CT98-3183), GenomEUtwin (FP5, QLG2-CT-2002-01254), ENGAGE (FP7, HEALTH-F4-2007-201413),CHANCES (FP7, HEALTH-F3-2010-242244), BiomarCaRE (FP7,HEALTH-F2-2011-278913), euCanSHare (Horizon 2020, No. 825903) and AFFECT-EU (Horizon 2020, No. 847770); and Medical Research Council, London (G0601463, No. 80983: Biomarkers in the MORGAM Populations). This has supported central coordination, workshops and part of the activities of the MORGAM Data Centre, the MORGAM Laboratories and the MORGAM Participating Centres EPIC-CVD was funded by the European Research Council (268834), and the European Commission Framework Programme 7 (HEALTH-F2-2012-279233). This work was supported by the Estonian Research Council grant PUTs (PRG687, PUT1660, PUT1665, PRG184), by European Union through the European Regional Development Fund project no. MOBERA5 (Norface Network project no 462.16.107), by the Green ICT programme under Norway Grants 2014 – 2021 (grant number EU53928), by the European Union through Horizon 2020 grant no. 810645 and through the European Regional Development Fund (Project No. 2014-2020.4.01.16-0125) and by the PRECISE4Q consortium. PRECISE4Q project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant agreement 777107. This work was partly funded through the CoMorMent project. CoMorMent has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant agreement 847776. The KORA study was initiated and financed by the Helmholtz Zentrum Mu¨nchen—German Research Center for Environmental Health, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and by the State of Bavaria. The KORA study was supported by a research grant from the Virtual Institute of Diabetes Research (Helmholtz Zentrum Mu¨nchen), the Clinical Cooperation Group Diabetes between Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita¨t Mu¨nchen and Helmholtz Zentrum Mu¨nchen, and by the German Diabetes Center (DDZ). The HAPIEE project, Institute, was supported by grants from the Wellcome Trust (064947/Z/01/Z; WT081081) and US National Institute on Aging (1R01 and AG23522). The co-ordination of EPIC is financially supported by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and also by the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, which has additional infrastructure support provided by the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). The national cohorts are supported by: Danish Cancer Society (Denmark); Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle Ge´ne´rale de l’Education Nationale, Institut National de la Sante´ et de la Recherche Me´dicale (INSERM) (France); German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam Rehbruecke (DIfE), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (Germany); Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro-AIRC-Italy, Compagnia di SanPaolo and National Research Council (Italy); Dutch 2448 SCORE2 working group and ESC Cardiovascular Risk Collaboration Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands); Health Research Fund (FIS)—Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Regional Governments of Andalucı´a, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, and the Catalan Institute of Oncology—ICO (Spain); Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Research Council and County Councils of Ska˚ne and Va¨sterbotten (Sweden); Cancer Research UK (14136 to EPIC-Norfolk; C8221/A29017 to EPIC-Oxford), Medical Research Council (1000143 to EPIC-Norfolk; MR/M012190/1 to EPIC-Oxford) (United Kingdom)

Published
2021
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35. P722 Prediagnostic serum vitamin D levels and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a pan-European, nested case-control study

Author

Opstelten, J., Chan, S., Hart, A., van Schaik, F., Siersema, P., Lentjes, E., Khaw, K.-T., Luben, R., Key, T., Boeing, H., Bergmann, M., Overvad, K., Palli, D., Masala, G., Racine, A., Carbonnel, F., Boutron-Ruault, M.-C., Tjønneland, A., Olsen, A., Andersen, V., Kaaks, R., Kühn, T., Tumino, R., Trichopoulou, A., Verschuren, M., Witteman, B., and Oldenburg, B.

Published
2017
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36. Consumption of fatty foods and incident type 2 diabetes in populations from eight European countries

Author

Buijsse, B., Boeing, H., Drogan, D., Schulze, M.B., Feskens, E.J., Amiano, P., Barricarte, A., Clavel-Chapelon, F., de Lauzon-Guillain, B., Fagherazzi, G., Fonseca-Nunes, A., Franks, P.W., Huerta, J.M., Jakobsen, M.U., Kaaks, R., Key, T.J., Khaw, K.T., Masala, G., Moskal, A., Nilsson, P.M., Overvad, K., Pala, V., Panico, S., Redondo, M.L., Ricceri, F., Rolandsson, O., Sanchez, M.-J., Sluijs, I., Spijkerman, A.M., Tjonneland, A., Tumino, R., van der A, D.L., van der Schouw, Y.T., Langenberg, C., Sharp, S.J., Forouhi, N.G., Riboli, E., and Wareham, N.J.

Subjects
Oils and fats, Edible -- Health aspects -- Consumption data, Type 2 diabetes -- Statistics, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Diets high in saturated and trans fat and low in unsaturated fat may increase type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, but studies on foods high in fat per unit weight are sparse. We assessed whether the intake of vegetable oil, butter, margarine, nuts and seeds and cakes and cookies is related to incident T2D. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A case-cohort study was conducted, nested within eight countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC), with 12 403 incident T2D cases and a subcohort of 16 835 people, identified from a cohort of 340 234 people. Diet was assessed at baseline (1991-1999) by country-specific questionnaires. Country-specific hazard ratios (HRs) across four categories of fatty foods (nonconsumers and tertiles among consumers) were combined with random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: After adjustment not including body mass index (BMI), nonconsumers of butter, nuts and seeds and cakes and cookies were at higher T2D risk compared with the middle tertile of consumption. Among consumers, cakes and cookies were inversely related to T2D (HRs across increasing tertiles 1.14, 1.00 and 0.92, respectively; P-trend < 0.0001). All these associations attenuated upon adjustment for BMI, except the higher risk of nonconsumers of cakes and cookies (HR 1.57). Higher consumption of margarine became positively associated after BMI adjustment (HRs across increasing consumption tertiles: 0.93, 1.00 and 1.12; P-trend 0.03). Within consumers, vegetable oil, butter and nuts and seeds were unrelated to T2D. CONCLUSIONS: Fatty foods were generally not associated with T2D, apart from weak positive association for margarine. The higher risk among nonconsumers of cakes and cookies needs further explanation. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2015) 69, 455-461; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.249; published online 26 November 2014, INTRODUCTION Diet is considered to be a crucial factor in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and there has been a considerable interest in the role of the fat [...]

Published
2015
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38. Obesity is Associated With Increased Risk of Crohn's disease, but not Ulcerative Colitis: A Pooled Analysis of Five Prospective Cohort Studies

Author

Casey, K., Olen, O., Ludvigsson, J.F., Carbonnel, F., Oldenburg, B., Gunter, M.J., Tjønneland, A., Grip, O., Amian, P., Barricarte, A., Bergmann, M.M., Boutron-Ruault, M.-C., Cross, A., Hart, A.R., Kaaks, R., Key, T., Chirlaque López, M.D., Luben, Robert, Masala, G., Manjer, J., Olsen, A., Overvad, K., Palli, D., Riboli, E., Sánchez, M.J., Tumino, R., Vermeulen, R., Verschuren, W.M.M., Wareham, N., Ananthakrishnan, A., Burke, K., Lopes, E.W., Lochhead, P., Chan, A.T., Wolk, A., Khalili, H., Casey, K., Olen, O., Ludvigsson, J.F., Carbonnel, F., Oldenburg, B., Gunter, M.J., Tjønneland, A., Grip, O., Amian, P., Barricarte, A., Bergmann, M.M., Boutron-Ruault, M.-C., Cross, A., Hart, A.R., Kaaks, R., Key, T., Chirlaque López, M.D., Luben, Robert, Masala, G., Manjer, J., Olsen, A., Overvad, K., Palli, D., Riboli, E., Sánchez, M.J., Tumino, R., Vermeulen, R., Verschuren, W.M.M., Wareham, N., Ananthakrishnan, A., Burke, K., Lopes, E.W., Lochhead, P., Chan, A.T., Wolk, A., and Khalili, H.

Abstract

Background and Aims: It is unclear whether obesity is associated with the development of inflammatory bowel disease despite compelling data from basic science studies. We therefore examined the association between obesity and risk of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: We conducted pooled analyses of 5 prospective cohorts with validated anthropometric measurements for body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio and other lifestyle factors. Diagnoses of CD and UC were confirmed through medical records or ascertained using validated definitions. We used Cox proportional hazards modeling to calculate pooled multivariable-adjusted HRs (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Among 601,009 participants (age range, 18-98 years) with 10,110,018 person-years of follow-up, we confirmed 563 incident cases of CD and 1047 incident cases of UC. Obesity (baseline BMI ≥30 kg/m2) was associated with an increased risk of CD (pooled aHR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.05-1.71, I2 = 0%) compared with normal BMI (18.5 to <25 kg/m2). Each 5 kg/m2 increment in baseline BMI was associated with a 16% increase in risk of CD (pooled aHR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05-1.22; I2 = 0%). Similarly, with each 5 kg/m2 increment in early adulthood BMI (age, 18-20 years), there was a 22% increase in risk of CD (pooled aHR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.05-1.40; I2 = 13.6%). An increase in waist-hip ratio was associated with an increased risk of CD that did not reach statistical significance (pooled aHR across quartiles, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.97-1.19; I2 = 0%). No associations were observed between measures of obesity and risk of UC. Conclusions: In an adult population, obesity as measured by BMI was associated with an increased risk of older-onset CD but not UC.

Published
2022

39. Metabolic Signatures of Healthy Lifestyle Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk in a European Cohort.

Author

Rothwell, JA, Murphy, N, Bešević, J, Kliemann, N, Jenab, M, Ferrari, P, Achaintre, D, Gicquiau, A, Vozar, B, Scalbert, A, Huybrechts, I, Freisling, H, Prehn, C, Adamski, J, Cross, AJ, Pala, VM, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Dahm, CC, Overvad, K, Gram, IT, Sandanger, TM, Skeie, G, Jakszyn, P, Tsilidis, KK, Aleksandrova, K, Schulze, MB, Hughes, DJ, van Guelpen, B, Bodén, S, Sánchez, M-J, Schmidt, JA, Katzke, V, Kühn, T, Colorado-Yohar, S, Tumino, R, Bueno-de-Mesquita, B, Vineis, P, Masala, G, Panico, S, Eriksen, AK, Tjønneland, A, Aune, D, Weiderpass, E, Severi, G, Chajès, V, Gunter, MJ, Rothwell, JA, Murphy, N, Bešević, J, Kliemann, N, Jenab, M, Ferrari, P, Achaintre, D, Gicquiau, A, Vozar, B, Scalbert, A, Huybrechts, I, Freisling, H, Prehn, C, Adamski, J, Cross, AJ, Pala, VM, Boutron-Ruault, M-C, Dahm, CC, Overvad, K, Gram, IT, Sandanger, TM, Skeie, G, Jakszyn, P, Tsilidis, KK, Aleksandrova, K, Schulze, MB, Hughes, DJ, van Guelpen, B, Bodén, S, Sánchez, M-J, Schmidt, JA, Katzke, V, Kühn, T, Colorado-Yohar, S, Tumino, R, Bueno-de-Mesquita, B, Vineis, P, Masala, G, Panico, S, Eriksen, AK, Tjønneland, A, Aune, D, Weiderpass, E, Severi, G, Chajès, V, and Gunter, MJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Colorectal cancer risk can be lowered by adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) guidelines. We derived metabolic signatures of adherence to these guidelines and tested their associations with colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. METHODS: Scores reflecting adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations (scale, 1-5) were calculated from participant data on weight maintenance, physical activity, diet, and alcohol among a discovery set of 5738 cancer-free European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition participants with metabolomics data. Partial least-squares regression was used to derive fatty acid and endogenous metabolite signatures of the WCRF/AICR score in this group. In an independent set of 1608 colorectal cancer cases and matched controls, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated for colorectal cancer risk per unit increase in WCRF/AICR score and per the corresponding change in metabolic signatures using multivariable conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Higher WCRF/AICR scores were characterized by metabolic signatures of increased odd-chain fatty acids, serine, glycine, and specific phosphatidylcholines. Signatures were inversely associated more strongly with colorectal cancer risk (fatty acids: OR, 0.51 per unit increase; 95% CI, 0.29-0.90; endogenous metabolites: OR, 0.62 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.50-0.78) than the WCRF/AICR score (OR, 0.93 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.86-1.00) overall. Signature associations were stronger in male compared with female participants. CONCLUSIONS: Metabolite profiles reflecting adherence to WCRF/AICR guidelines and additional lifestyle or biological risk factors were associated with colorectal cancer. Measuring a specific panel of metabolites representative of a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle may identify strata of the population at higher risk of colorectal cancer.

Published
2022

40. Mild-to-Moderate Kidney Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses

Author

Gaziano, L, Sun, L, Arnold, M, Bell, S, Cho, K, Kaptoge, SK, Song, RJ, Burgess, S, Posner, DC, Mosconi, K, Cohen, CR, Mason, AM, Bolton, TR, Tao, R, Allara, E, Schubert, P, Chen, L, Staley, JR, Staplin, N, Altay, S, Amiano, P, Arndt, PV, Arnlov, J, Barr, ELM, Bjorkelund, C, Boer, JMA, Brenner, H, Casiglia, E, Chiodini, P, Cooper, JA, Coresh, J, Cushman, M, Dankner, R, Davidson, KW, de Jongh, RT, Donfrancesco, C, Engstrom, G, Freisling, H, de la Camara, AG, Gudnason, V, Hankey, GJ, Hansson, P, Heath, AK, Hoorn, EJ, Imano, H, Jassal, SK, Kaaks, R, Katzke, V, Kauhanen, J, Kiechl, S, Koenig, W, Kronmal, RA, Kyro, C, Lawlor, DA, Ljungberg, B, MacDonald, C, Masala, G, Meisinger, C, Melander, O, Iribas, CM, Ninomiya, T, Nitsch, D, Nordestgaard, BG, OnlandMoret, C, Palmieri, L, Petrova, D, Garcia, JRQ, Rosengren, A, Sacerdote, C, Sakurai, M, Santiuste, C, Schulze, MB, Sieri, S, Sundstrom, J, Tikhonoff, V, Tjonneland, A, Tong, T, Tumino, R, Tzoulaki, I, van der Schouw, YT, Verschuren, WMM, Volzke, H, Wallace, RB, Wannamethee, SG, Weiderpass, E, Willeit, P, Woodward, M, Yamagishi, K, ZamoraRos, R, Akwo, EA, Pyarajan, S, Gagnon, DR, Tsao, PS, Muralidhar, S, Edwards, TL, Damrauer, SM, Joseph, J, Pennells, L, Wilson, PWF, Harrison, S, Gaziano, TA, Inouye, M, Baigent, C, Casas, JP, Langenberg, C, Wareham, N, Riboli, E, Gaziano, JM, Danesh, J, Hung, AM, Butterworth, AS, Wood, AM, Di Angelantonio, E, Gaziano, L, Sun, L, Arnold, M, Bell, S, Cho, K, Kaptoge, SK, Song, RJ, Burgess, S, Posner, DC, Mosconi, K, Cohen, CR, Mason, AM, Bolton, TR, Tao, R, Allara, E, Schubert, P, Chen, L, Staley, JR, Staplin, N, Altay, S, Amiano, P, Arndt, PV, Arnlov, J, Barr, ELM, Bjorkelund, C, Boer, JMA, Brenner, H, Casiglia, E, Chiodini, P, Cooper, JA, Coresh, J, Cushman, M, Dankner, R, Davidson, KW, de Jongh, RT, Donfrancesco, C, Engstrom, G, Freisling, H, de la Camara, AG, Gudnason, V, Hankey, GJ, Hansson, P, Heath, AK, Hoorn, EJ, Imano, H, Jassal, SK, Kaaks, R, Katzke, V, Kauhanen, J, Kiechl, S, Koenig, W, Kronmal, RA, Kyro, C, Lawlor, DA, Ljungberg, B, MacDonald, C, Masala, G, Meisinger, C, Melander, O, Iribas, CM, Ninomiya, T, Nitsch, D, Nordestgaard, BG, OnlandMoret, C, Palmieri, L, Petrova, D, Garcia, JRQ, Rosengren, A, Sacerdote, C, Sakurai, M, Santiuste, C, Schulze, MB, Sieri, S, Sundstrom, J, Tikhonoff, V, Tjonneland, A, Tong, T, Tumino, R, Tzoulaki, I, van der Schouw, YT, Verschuren, WMM, Volzke, H, Wallace, RB, Wannamethee, SG, Weiderpass, E, Willeit, P, Woodward, M, Yamagishi, K, ZamoraRos, R, Akwo, EA, Pyarajan, S, Gagnon, DR, Tsao, PS, Muralidhar, S, Edwards, TL, Damrauer, SM, Joseph, J, Pennells, L, Wilson, PWF, Harrison, S, Gaziano, TA, Inouye, M, Baigent, C, Casas, JP, Langenberg, C, Wareham, N, Riboli, E, Gaziano, JM, Danesh, J, Hung, AM, Butterworth, AS, Wood, AM, and Di Angelantonio, E

Abstract

BACKGROUND: End-stage renal disease is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events. It is unknown, however, whether mild-to-moderate kidney dysfunction is causally related to coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. METHODS: Observational analyses were conducted using individual-level data from 4 population data sources (Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, EPIC-CVD [European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Cardiovascular Disease Study], Million Veteran Program, and UK Biobank), comprising 648 135 participants with no history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes at baseline, yielding 42 858 and 15 693 incident CHD and stroke events, respectively, during 6.8 million person-years of follow-up. Using a genetic risk score of 218 variants for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), we conducted Mendelian randomization analyses involving 413 718 participants (25 917 CHD and 8622 strokes) in EPIC-CVD, Million Veteran Program, and UK Biobank. RESULTS: There were U-shaped observational associations of creatinine-based eGFR with CHD and stroke, with higher risk in participants with eGFR values <60 or >105 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2, compared with those with eGFR between 60 and 105 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2. Mendelian randomization analyses for CHD showed an association among participants with eGFR <60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2, with a 14% (95% CI, 3%-27%) higher CHD risk per 5 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 lower genetically predicted eGFR, but not for those with eGFR >105 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2. Results were not materially different after adjustment for factors associated with the eGFR genetic risk score, such as lipoprotein(a), triglycerides, hemoglobin A1c, and blood pressure. Mendelian randomization results for stroke were nonsignificant but broadly similar to those for CHD. CONCLUSIONS: In people without manifest cardiovascular disease or diabetes, mild-to-moderate kidney dysfunction is causally related to risk of CHD, highlighting the potential value of preventive approaches th

Published
2022

41. PACO-VMP: Parallel Ant Colony Optimization for Virtual Machine Placement

Author

Peake, J, Amos, M, Costen, N, Masala, G, Lloyd, H, Peake, J, Amos, M, Costen, N, Masala, G, and Lloyd, H

Abstract

The Virtual Machine Placement (VMP) problem is a challenging optimization task that involves the assignment of virtual machines to physical machines in a cloud computing environment. The placement of virtual machines can significantly affect the use of resources in a cluster, with a subsequent impact on operational costs and the environment. In this paper, we present an improved algorithm for VMP, based on Parallel Ant Colony Optimization (PACO), which makes effective use of parallelization techniques and modern processor technologies. We achieve solution qualities that are comparable with or superior to those obtained by other nature-inspired methods, with our parallel implementation obtaining a speed-up of up to 2002x over recent serial algorithms in the literature. This allows us to rapidly find high-quality solutions that are close to the theoretical minimum number of Virtual Machines.

Published
2022

42. Obesity is Associated With Increased Risk of Crohn's disease, but not Ulcerative Colitis: A Pooled Analysis of Five Prospective Cohort Studies

Author

IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, Casey, K., Olen, O., Ludvigsson, J.F., Carbonnel, F., Oldenburg, B., Gunter, M.J., Tjønneland, A., Grip, O., Amian, P., Barricarte, A., Bergmann, M.M., Boutron-Ruault, M.-C., Cross, A., Hart, A.R., Kaaks, R., Key, T., Chirlaque López, M.D., Luben, Robert, Masala, G., Manjer, J., Olsen, A., Overvad, K., Palli, D., Riboli, E., Sánchez, M.J., Tumino, R., Vermeulen, R., Verschuren, W.M.M., Wareham, N., Ananthakrishnan, A., Burke, K., Lopes, E.W., Lochhead, P., Chan, A.T., Wolk, A., Khalili, H., IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, dIRAS RA-2, Casey, K., Olen, O., Ludvigsson, J.F., Carbonnel, F., Oldenburg, B., Gunter, M.J., Tjønneland, A., Grip, O., Amian, P., Barricarte, A., Bergmann, M.M., Boutron-Ruault, M.-C., Cross, A., Hart, A.R., Kaaks, R., Key, T., Chirlaque López, M.D., Luben, Robert, Masala, G., Manjer, J., Olsen, A., Overvad, K., Palli, D., Riboli, E., Sánchez, M.J., Tumino, R., Vermeulen, R., Verschuren, W.M.M., Wareham, N., Ananthakrishnan, A., Burke, K., Lopes, E.W., Lochhead, P., Chan, A.T., Wolk, A., and Khalili, H.

Published
2022

43. Milk intake and incident stroke and CHD in populations of European descent: A Mendelian randomisation study

Author

Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 1, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Circulatory Health, Public Health Practice, Public Health Epidemiologie, Vissers, L. E.T., Sluijs, I., Burgess, S., Forouhi, N. G., Freisling, H., Imamura, F., Nilsson, T. K., Renström, F., Weiderpass, E., Aleksandrova, K., Dahm, C. C., Perez-Cornago, A., Schulze, M. B., Tong, T. Y.N., Aune, D., Bonet, C., Boeing, H., Chirlaque, M. D., Conchi, M. I., Imaz, L., Jäger, S., Krogh, V., Kyrø, C., Masala, G., Melander, O., Overvad, K., Panico, S., Sánches, M. J., Sonestedt, E., Tjønneland, A., Tzoulaki, I., Verschuren, W. M.M., Riboli, E., Wareham, N. J., Danesh, J., Butterworth, A. S., Van Der Schouw, Y. T., Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 1, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Circulatory Health, Public Health Practice, Public Health Epidemiologie, Vissers, L. E.T., Sluijs, I., Burgess, S., Forouhi, N. G., Freisling, H., Imamura, F., Nilsson, T. K., Renström, F., Weiderpass, E., Aleksandrova, K., Dahm, C. C., Perez-Cornago, A., Schulze, M. B., Tong, T. Y.N., Aune, D., Bonet, C., Boeing, H., Chirlaque, M. D., Conchi, M. I., Imaz, L., Jäger, S., Krogh, V., Kyrø, C., Masala, G., Melander, O., Overvad, K., Panico, S., Sánches, M. J., Sonestedt, E., Tjønneland, A., Tzoulaki, I., Verschuren, W. M.M., Riboli, E., Wareham, N. J., Danesh, J., Butterworth, A. S., and Van Der Schouw, Y. T.

Published
2022

44. Adenylate-cyclase activity in platelets of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Author

D Marazziti, S Baroni, L Palego, I Masala, G Consoli, M Catena Dell’Osso, G Giannaccini, and A Lucacchini

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

D Marazziti, S Baroni, L Palego, I Masala, G Consoli, M Catena Dell’Osso, G Giannaccini, A LucacchiniDipartimento di Psichiatria, Neurobiologia, Farmacologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pisa, Pisa, ItalyAbstract: Although the main biological hypothesis on the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is centered on the serotonin system, indications are available that other neurotransmitters, and even second messengers, particularly the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling, may be involved, though effective data are few. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the basal and isoprenaline (ISO)-stimulated velocity of adenylate-cyclase (AC) in human platelet membranes of patients with OCD and healthy control subjects. The results showed that the basal and ISO-stimulated AC activity, as well as the dose-response curves of ISO by using agonist concentrations ranging between 0.1 nM and 10 µM, were not different in the two groups. However, OCD patients showed lower EC50 and higher Emax values than healthy subjects. These findings suggest the presence of supersensitive β-adrenergic receptors in platelets of OCD patients.Keywords: obsessive-compulsive disorder, norepinephrine, second messengers, adenylate-cyclase, platelets, isoprenaline, β-adrenergic receptors

Published
2009

45. Modified Mediterranean diet and survival after myocardial infarction: the EPIC-Elderly study

Author

Trichopoulou, A., Bamia, C., Norat, T., Overvad, K., Schmidt, E. B., Tjønneland, A., Halkjær, J., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Vercambre, M. -N., Boutron-Ruault, M. -C., Linseisen, J., Rohrmann, S., Boeing, H., Weikert, C., Benetou, V., Psaltopoulou, T., Orfanos, P., Boffetta, P., Masala, G., Pala, V., Panico, S., Tumino, R., Sacerdote, C., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Ocke, M. C., Peeters, P. H., Van der Schouw, Y. T., González, C., Sanchez, M. J., Chirlaque, M. D., Moreno, C., Larrañaga, N., Van Guelpen, B., Jansson, J. -H., Bingham, S., Khaw, K. -T., Spencer, E. A., Key, T., Riboli, E., and Trichopoulos, D.

Published
2007

46. High-risk subtypes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia are detectable as early as 16 years prior to diagnosis

Author

Kolijn, P.M. Hosnijeh, F.S. Späth, F. Hengeveld, P.J. Agathangelidis, A. Saleh, M. Casabonne, D. Benavente, Y. Jerkeman, M. Agudo, A. Barricarte, A. Besson, C. Sánchez, M.-J. Chirlaque, M.-D. Masala, G. Sacerdote, C. Grioni, S. Schulze, M.B. Nieters, A. Engelfriet, P. Hultdin, M. McKay, J.D. Vermeulen, R.C.H. Langerak, A.W.

Subjects
immune system diseases, hemic and lymphatic diseases
Abstract

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is preceded by monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL), a CLL precursor state with a prevalence of up to 12% in aged individuals; however, the duration of MBL and the mechanisms of its evolution to CLL remain largely unknown. In this study, we sequenced the B-cell receptor (BcR) immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene repertoire of 124 patients with CLL and 118 matched controls in blood samples taken up to 22 years prior to diagnosis. Significant skewing in the BcR IGH gene repertoire was detected in the majority of patients, even before the occurrence of lymphocytosis and irrespective of the clonotypic IGH variable gene somatic hypermutation status. Furthermore, we identified dominant clonotypes belonging to major stereotyped subsets associated with poor prognosis up to 16 years before diagnosis in 14 patients with CLL. In 22 patients with longitudinal samples, the skewing of the BcR IGH gene repertoire increased significantly over time to diagnosis or remained stable at high levels. For 14 of 16 patients with available samples at diagnosis, the CLL clonotype was already present in the prediagnostic samples. Overall, our data indicate that the preclinical phase of CLL could be longer than previously thought, even in adverse-prognostic cases. © 2022 American Society of Hematology

Published
2022

49. Milk intake and incident stroke and coronary heart disease in populations of European descent: A Mendelian Randomization study

Author

Vissers, L.E.T., Sluijs, I., Burgess, S., Forouhi, N.G., Freisling, H., Imamura, F., Nilsson, Torbjörn K., Renström, Frida, Weiderpass, E., Aleksandrova, K., Dahm, C.C., Perez-Cornago, A., Schulze, M.B., Tong, T.Y.N., Aune, D., Bonet, C., Boer, J.M.A., Boeing, H., Chirlaque, M.D., Conchi, M.I., Imaz, L., Jäger, S., Krogh, V., Kyrø, C., Masala, G., Melander, O., Overvad, K., Panico, S., Sánches, M.J., Sonestedt, E., Tjønneland, A., Tzoulaki, I., Verschuren, W.M.M., Riboli, E., Wareham, N.J., Danesh, J., Butterworth, A.S., and Van Der Schouw, Y.T.

Subjects
Näringslära, Nutrition and Dietetics, CHD, Milk, Mendelian Randomization, dairy, stroke
Abstract

Higher milk intake has been associated with a lower stroke risk, but not with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Residual confounding or reverse causation cannot be excluded. Therefore, we estimated the causal association of milk consumption with stroke and CHD risk through instrumental variable (IV) and gene-outcome analyses. IV analysis included 29,328 participants (4,611 stroke; 9,828 CHD) of the EPIC-CVD (8 European countries) and EPIC-NL case-cohort studies. rs4988235, a lactase persistence (LP) single nucleotide polymorphism which enables digestion of lactose in adulthood was used as genetic instrument. Intake of milk was first regressed on rs4988235 in a linear regression model. Next, associations of genetically predicted milk consumption with stroke and CHD were estimated using Prentice-weighted Cox regression. Gene-outcome analysis included 777,024 participants (50,804 cases) from MEGASTROKE (including EPIC-CVD), UK Biobank and EPIC-NL for stroke, and 483,966 participants (61,612 cases) from CARDIoGRAM, UK Biobank and EPIC-CVD and EPIC-NL for CHD. In IV analyses, each additional LP allele was associated with a higher intake of milk in EPIC-CVD (β=13.7 g/day; 95%CI: 8.4-19.1) and EPIC-NL (36.8 g/day; 20.0-53.5). Genetically predicted milk intake was not associated with stroke (HR per 25 g/day 1.05; 95%CI: 0.94-1.16) or CHD (1.02; 0.96-1.08). In gene-outcome analyses, there was no association of rs4988235 with risk of stroke (odds ratios 1.02; 0.99-1.05) or CHD (0.99; 0.95-1.03). Current Mendelian Randomization analysis does not provide evidence for a causal inverse relationship between milk consumption and stroke or CHD risk. MEGASTROKE

Published
2021
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