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Background: Early predictors of status epilepticus (SE)-associated mortality and morbidity have not been systematically studied in children, considerably impeding the identification of patients at risk. Objectives: To determine reliable early predictors of SE-associated mortality and morbidity and identify the etiology of SE-associated sequelae in Japanese children. Methods: We conducted a prospective multicenter study of clinical findings and initial laboratory data acquired at SE onset, and assessed outcomes at the last follow-up examination. In-hospital death during the acute period and neurological sequelae were classified as poor outcomes. Results: Of the 201 children who experienced their first SE episode, 16 exhibited poor outcome that was most commonly associated with acute encephalopathy. Univariate analysis revealed that the following were associated with poor outcomes: young age (⩽24months); seizure duration >90min; seizure intractability (failure of the second anticonvulsive drug); biphasic seizures; abnormal blood glucose levels ( 250mg/dL); serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ⩾56U/L; and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels >2.00mg/dL. Multivariate analysis revealed that young age, seizure intractability, abnormal blood glucose levels, and elevated AST and CRP levels were statistically significant. Conclusions: Young age and seizure intractability were highly predictive of poor outcomes in pediatric SE. Moreover, abnormal blood glucose levels and elevated AST and CRP levels were predictors that might be closely associated with the etiology, especially acute encephalopathy and severe bacterial infection (sepsis and meningitis) in Japanese children.

特発性ネフローゼ症候群 (以下，ネ症) の中には緩徐な経過でネ症に至る症例や病初期にはネ症の診断基準を満たすが，経過観察のみで自然に軽快する非典型的な経過をとる症例がみられる。鳥取県では平成3年より鳥取県小児腎疾患患者登録を実施しており，平成3年～5年の3年間にネ症は25例登録された。その中に，非典型ネ症は4例含まれていた。ステロイド剤 (以下，ス剤) を3日間服用しただけで軽快した症例が1例，緩徐な経過の症例が1例，いったん自然に尿蛋白が消失した後に再燃した症例が2例であった。全例ス剤に感受性があり，1例のみ再発したが，すべて経過は順調である。非典型的ネ症は言い換えれば軽症のネ症と考えられ，ス剤長期投与の副作用を考慮すればネ症診断直後より早期にス剤を開始すべきではなく，一定期間の観察期間をおき，ス剤を必要としない症例を発見する努力が必要と考えられる。

✓ Two cases of multiple dural arteriovenous malformations (AVM's) in different locations are reported. One patient was diagnosed as having a dural AVM involving the right cavernous sinus that disappeared spontaneously 4 months after onset of symptoms. After an interval of 4 months, another dural AVM appeared involving the right lateral sinuses (transverse and sigmoid sinuses) with occlusion of the right sigmoid sinus. In the other patient, multiple dural AVM's were demonstrated on angiography, one involving the cavernous sinus and the other the left lateral sinus. The frequency of multiple occurrence and possible mechanisms of sinus occlusion are discussed.