1. Pharmacokinetic serum concentrations of VRC01 correlate with prevention of HIV-1 acquisition
- Author
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Seaton, Kelly E, Huang, Yunda, Karuna, Shelly, Heptinstall, Jack R, Brackett, Caroline, Chiong, Kelvin, Zhang, Lily, Yates, Nicole L, Sampson, Mark, Rudnicki, Erika, Juraska, Michal, deCamp, Allan C, Edlefsen, Paul T, Mullins, James I, Williamson, Carolyn, Rossenkhan, Raabya, Giorgi, Elena E, Kenny, Avi, Angier, Heather, Randhawa, April, Weiner, Joshua A, Rojas, Michelle, Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Marcella, Zhang, Lu, Sawant, Sheetal, Ackerman, Margaret E, McDermott, Adrian B, Mascola, John R, Hural, John, McElrath, M Julianna, Andrew, Philip, Hidalgo, Jose A, Clark, Jesse, Laher, Fatima, Orrell, Catherine, Frank, Ian, Gonzales, Pedro, Edupuganti, Srilatha, Mgodi, Nyaradzo, Corey, Lawrence, Morris, Lynn, Montefiori, David, Cohen, Myron S, Gilbert, Peter B, and Tomaras, Georgia D
- Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Immunology ,Vaccine Related ,Pediatric AIDS ,Infectious Diseases ,Pediatric ,Vaccine Related (AIDS) ,Prevention ,Immunization ,Sexually Transmitted Infections ,Biotechnology ,Clinical Research ,HIV/AIDS ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Infection ,Good Health and Well Being ,Humans ,Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies ,Antibodies ,Neutralizing ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,HIV Infections ,HIV Seropositivity ,HIV Antibodies ,HIV-1 ,AIDS Vaccines ,Body weight-based dosing ,HIV ,Broadly neutralising antibodies ,body weight ,prevention ,broadly neutralizing antibodies ,monoclonal antibody ,pharmacokinetics ,Clinical Sciences ,Public Health and Health Services ,Clinical sciences ,Epidemiology - Abstract
BackgroundThe phase 2b proof-of-concept Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) trials showed that VRC01, an anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralising antibody (bnAb), prevented acquisition of HIV-1 sensitive to VRC01. To inform future study design and dosing regimen selection of candidate bnAbs, we investigated the association of VRC01 serum concentration with HIV-1 acquisition using AMP trial data.MethodsThe case-control sample included 107 VRC01 recipients who acquired HIV-1 and 82 VRC01 recipients who remained without HIV-1 during the study. We measured VRC01 serum concentrations with a qualified pharmacokinetic (PK) Binding Antibody Multiplex Assay. We employed nonlinear mixed effects PK modelling to estimate daily-grid VRC01 concentrations. Cox regression models were used to assess the association of VRC01 concentration at exposure and baseline body weight, with the hazard of HIV-1 acquisition and prevention efficacy as a function of VRC01 concentration. We also compared fixed dosing vs. body weight-based dosing via simulations.FindingsEstimated VRC01 concentrations in VRC01 recipients without HIV-1 were higher than those in VRC01 recipients who acquired HIV-1. Body weight was inversely associated with HIV-1 acquisition among both placebo and VRC01 recipients but did not modify the prevention efficacy of VRC01. VRC01 concentration was inversely correlated with HIV-1 acquisition, and positively correlated with prevention efficacy of VRC01. Simulation studies suggest that fixed dosing may be comparable to weight-based dosing in overall predicted prevention efficacy.InterpretationThese findings suggest that bnAb serum concentration may be a useful marker for dosing regimen selection, and operationally efficient fixed dosing regimens could be considered for future trials of HIV-1 bnAbs.FundingWas provided by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) (UM1 AI068614, to the HIV Vaccine Trials Network [HVTN]; UM1 AI068635, to the HVTN Statistical Data and Management Center [SDMC], Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center [FHCC]; 2R37 054165 to the FHCC; UM1 AI068618, to HVTN Laboratory Center, FHCC; UM1 AI068619, to the HPTN Leadership and Operations Center; UM1 AI068613, to the HIV Prevention Trials Network [HPTN] Laboratory Center; UM1 AI068617, to the HPTN SDMC; and P30 AI027757, to the Center for AIDS Research, Duke University (AI P30 AI064518) and University of Washington (P30 AI027757) Centers for AIDS Research; R37AI054165 from NIAID to the FHCC; and OPP1032144 CA-VIMC Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
- Published
- 2023