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Andricus truncicolus (Giraud, 1859) Asexual galls (Figs 1–9). Asexual galls develop mainly on adventitious buds on trunks and large branches, on oaks of the section Quercus. They are monocular, usually solitary, rarely in clusters of two or three, the shape is sub-spherical (some specimens with indentation to form an apex towards the top) and similar to the seed cones of cypress trees, from 6 to 14 mm in diameter and attached with a robust short peduncle. During early development (about three–four weeks) the galls are succulent and spongy, covered on the surface by dense whitish pubescence that gives a velvety appearance (Fig. 1). The spongy tissue layer is deep red and covers the larval chamber (Fig. 2). During maturation the external spongy layer dries up (like a layer of clay dried in the sun) dividing into many more or less regular plates (Figs 3, 5). After drying, these plates take on a very similar color to the bark (Fig. 5) and with exposure to atmospheric agents they easy detach, causing the partial (Fig. 6) or total revelation of the hard larval chamber (Figs 7–9). The gall remains strongly attached with its short peduncle to the trunk for several years. The larval chamber consists of a layer of about 1 mm of compact, woody tissue, whitish, with an irregular surface and small finger-like protuberances (protrusions of 1–3 mm) (Figs 7–9). It protects internal nutritive tissue and the larva during its development. The larva feeds on the nutrient tissue by burrowing into a large, regular, subelliptic chamber. Asexual female emerges from a lateral hole. Sexual galls (Figs 12, 16–22). The galls of the sexual generation developed on the terminal or lateral shoot buds of Q. cerris, exceptionally on the leaf blade, as found in only one case inside a contact chamber (Figs 21, 22). The galls consist of a hypertrophic tissue development resulting in an ovoid or subspherical swelling with a diameter that can vary from 10 to 40 mm (often the galls are coalescent, forming large conglomerates and reaching sizes greater than 50 mm); they are light-green when young (Figs 16–17) and dark-green and then brown when mature (Figs 18–19), bearing more or less deformed or normal leaves on the upper part. The typical structure of the gall consists of a layer of compact vegetative tissue, 3 to 10 mm thick, which in shape resembles a more or less concave floral receptacle. This woody receptacle, sometimes closed like a ceramic pot, in other cases open like a plate, provides support and protection for the larval chambers (5 to 20) that develop above (Fig. 20). The surface of the gall receptacle is externally covered with soft hairs that confer a velvety, silvery appearance to the gall. On the receptacle, curled, rakish leaves and twigs develop, and in some of these, larval cells can migrate with the growing leaves during development; these metamorphosed leaves wither as the galls mature and after adult emergence the galls may remain on the plant for several years. The larval chambers are egg-shaped with an enlarged base and a more or less pointed and slightly curved apical extension, measuring 3.3–4.5 mm in height x 1.8–2.8 mm in width measured at 1/3 from the base. They develop cohesively, with each embedded in a socket of the supporting receptacle tissue like teeth in the gums. Sometimes the constrained proximity of the chambers alters their egg shape to rectangular parallel-sided with rounded corners. When the gall receptacle is open, the larval chambers are visible from above. In the inner part of the receptacle, the surface is coated with dense coverage of white hollow single-cell hairs; these structures in a less dense form coat the larval cells with a distinct supporting cell layer. Whitish hairs are longest at the base of the larval chamber and become shorter at the apex. The inner layer of the larval chamber is thin and hard, composed of sub-rectangular cells arranged longitudinally along the length of the chamber; the emergence hole is in the apical or sub-apical part. Similar galls. Generally, on the basis of the characteristics and information on the gall and the host plant species, numerous gall-producing insects can be identified to the species level. However, some exceptions have recently been reported in gall wasps and gall midges (Sottile et al. 2022). The asexual generation gall of A. truncicolus is similar to of Andricus megatruncicolus Melika, 2008 and when the galls are the same size it is impossible to distinguish them on the basis of the gall only. The asexual gall also resembles Andricus turcicus Melika, Mutun & Dinç, 2014, but the available plates of the latter species consist of spiny protrusions. As detailed in Sottile et al. (2022) sexual generation galls of A. multiplicatus are very similar only to those of A. conificus sexual generation (= Andricus cydoniae Giraud, 1859). Both develop on the same host plants, as already has been pointed out by Giraud (1859), who, in the description of Andricus cydoniae, wrote: ‘II est facile de la confondre avec la galle d’ A. multiplicatus … Elle est toujours plus précoce, sa forme est mieux déterminée et elle n’est pas couverte des nombreux plis de la feuille qui distinguent cette dernière’. However, Sottile et al. (2022) did not find any macro or micro-morphological characters to distinguish the two galls with absolute certainty, concluding that it is impossible to identify the species only on the basis of gall morphology. However, species identification through adults is relatively easy on the basis of morphological differences involving body colour and sculpture, head and metascutellum measurements and ratios, and length of setae on prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium, as described by Sottile et al. (2022). The galls of the sexual generation of A. truncicolus that we have obtained experimentally are themselves indistinguishable from those induced by A. multiplicatus and A. conificus sexual generation, but even in this case morphological characters of the emerged adults allow identification of the inducer species. Diagnosis of the asexual form. Asexual females of A. truncicolus (Figs 10, 25–43) belongs to “ Adleria - non kollari ” group, a large group of 13 Andricus species (Pujade-Villar et al. 2015) with the anterior surface of foretibia bearing long oblique setae (Figs 39, 40); antenna 14-segmented (rarely 13 or 15) (Fig. 28), the mesoscutum coriaceous, without punctures (Fig. 31), all metasomal tergites with dense white setae laterally (Fig. 38) and the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium needle-like and very long (Figs 41, 43) (Pujade-Villar et al. 2015). More specifically in A. truncicolus the prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium is long and slender, 5.75–6.0 times as long as broad in ventral view, with relatively short setae (Figs 41, 43). It closely resembles A. conificus, from which differs for the following morphological characters described by Sottile et al. (2022). In A. truncicolus the body is blackish brown (Fig. 10), the head is more rounded in front view (Fig. 25) and the ratio between the transverse diameter of eye (measuring along the transfacial line) and the width of gena behind eye (measured at the same point)> 4.5 (Fig. 25), first abscissa of radius angled and projecting into radial cell (Fig. 35), metascutellum more than 3.2 times as high as height of ventral impressed rim of metanotum (Fig. 34), while in A. conificus (Figs 44–48) the body is reddish brown (Fig. 44), the head is trapezoid in front view (Fig. 45) and the ratio between the cross diameter of eye (measuring along the transfacial line) and the gena width behind eye (measured at the same point) A. megatruncicolus; however, in A. truncicolus the body is predominantly blackish brown, the head is more rounded in front view, 1.5 times as broad as long from above, 1.3–1.4 times as broad as high in front view, the ratio between the cross diameter of eye (measuring along the transfacial line) and the width of gena behind eye (measured at the same point)> 4.5, OOL 1.4 times as long as LOL, the diameter of the antennal torulus about 1.6 times as large as the distance between them (Fig. 25), the mesoscutellum rounded with more delicate sculpture towards the centre of scutellar disk (Fig. 31), scutellar foveae nearly rounded, the radial cell of the forewing 4.3–4.6 times as long as broad (Fig. 35) while in A. megatruncicolus, according to Tavakoli et al. (2008), the body is predominantly reddish brown, the head is less rounded, nearly trapezoid in front view, 2.0 times as broad as long from above, 1.5 times as broad as high in front view, the ratio between the cross diameter of eye (measuring along the transfacial line) and the gena width behind eye (measured at the same point) A. truncicolus resembles A. turcicus. In A. truncicolus the lower face is coriaceous, the malar space 0.4 times as long as height of eye, coriaceous, with numerous distinct strong striae radiating from clypeus and extending half the distance to lower edge of eye (Figs 25–27), F2 longer than F3 (Fig. 28), the mesoscutum coriaceous, scutellar foveae nearly rounded, as broad as high, with shiny, smooth bottom (Fig. 31), the radial cell of the forewing narrower, 4.3–4.6 times as long as broad (Fig. 35). In A. turcicus, according to Mutun et al. (2014), the lower face is uniformly delicately coriaceous, F2=F3, the malar space 0.2 times as long as height of eye, coriaceous, without striae, the mesoscutum uniformly and entirely reticulate, scutellar foveae transversely ovate, 2.2 times as broad as high, with delicately coriaceous bottom, the radial cell of the forewing 3.4 times as long as broad. A. truncicolus also resembles A. synophri Pujade-Villar, Tavakoli & Melika, 2015 from which it differs in having the body length around 4.0 mm, F1 longer than F2 (Fig. 28) and the metasomal terga without micropunctures (Fig. 38) while A. synophri, according to Pujade-Villar et al. (2015), is smaller in size, around 3.0 mm has F1 slightly shorter than F2, and with micropunctures on the metasomal terga. Description of sexual generation of Andricus truncicolus (Giraud, 1859) Figs 23, 24, 49–79 Diagnosis of the sexual form It closely resembles A. multiplicatus sexual (according to redescription given by Melika 2006); however, in sexual females of A. truncicolus, body predominantly reddish yellow, mesosoma never darker brown or black dorsally. Antennae reddish yellow slightly lighter than body; legs yellow-amber except for light brown Ts5 and dark brown tarsal claws. Lower face with striae radiating from clypeo-pleurostomal line nearly reaching eye but not present medially on the lower face and not reaching toruli (Figs 49, 52). Pronotum alutaceous without rugae (Figs 56, 57). Mesoscutum (Fig. 55) shallowly colliculate; as long as wide from above (width measured across base of tegulae); median mesoscutal line absent; antero-admedian line not impressed, very faintly visible in antero-dorsal view (Fig. 57), parapsidal lines absent. Mesoscutellum distinctly overhanging metanotum. Scutellar foveae ellipsoidal 1.4– 1.5 times broader than high (Fig. 55), weakly delimited posteriorly. Mesopleuron (Figs 56, 59), mostly smooth, glossy, with or without very indistinct striae on anterodorsal and ventral part, essentially glabrous except very sparse short white setae close to the mesocoxal foramen and on anterodorsal part; acetabular carina delimiting a narrow smooth area laterally (Fig. 59). Metascutellum (Fig. 60) slightly narrower than height of ventral impressed rim of metanotum. Lateral propodeal carinae slightly curved outwards in the middle (Fig. 60). Radial cell of forewing 3.6–4.0 times as long as broad (Fig. 61); Rs+M extending to ½ distance between areolet and basal vein. Metasomal tergum 2 with sparse white setae in T2 antero-laterally (Fig. 63) without micropunctures, subsequent terga with band of very indistinct micropunctures. In females of A. multiplicatus sexual, body predominantly brown to light brown, usually mesosoma and metasoma darker or even black dorsally. In some specimens scutum, scutellum, propodeum and metasoma dorsally are black. Antennae and legs brown, slightly lighter than body. Lower face with striae radiating from clypeus nearly reaching toruli. Pronotum mainly coriaceous, with some strong wrinkles along antero-lateral edge. Mesoscutum finely uniformly rugose, slightly longer than broad (width measured across the basis of tegulae). Median mesoscutal line distinct, extending to 1/3–1/4 of scutum length; parapsidal lines distinct, reaching well above the level of the base of tegulae; antero-admedian line extending to half of scutum length. Mesoscutellum slightly overhanging metanotum. Scutellar foveae nearly rounded, only slightly broader than high, posteriorly delimited by sculpture. Mesopleuron uniformly transversely striate, with dense patch of white setae postero-ventrally; acetabular carina delimiting a broad rugose area laterally. Metascutellum nearly 2.0 times as high as height of ventral impressed rim of metanotum; lateral propodeal carinae slightly curved outwards in the posterior 1/3. Radial cell of forewing 4.5–4.7; Rs+M extending to 2/3 of distance between areolet and basal vein. Metasomal tergum 2 with dense patch of white setae antero-laterally; all terga without micropunctures. In male of A. truncicolus, F1 excavated in basal half (Fig. 78); with or without very indistinct striae on anterodorsal and ventral part (Figs 72, 74), while in males of A. multiplicatus (according to redescription given by Melika 2006) F1 almost straight or only weakly curved, sometimes also weakly excavated; mesopleuron uniformly transversely striate. It closely resembles Andricus singularis Mayr, 1870; however, in females of A. truncicolus sex the body is mostly reddish yellow (Fig. 23), legs slightly lighter than body, the diameter of antennal torulus nearly 2.0 times as large as distance between them (Fig. 49), mesoscutum shallowly colliculate, mesoscutellum broader than long, reticulate-rugose around its limits, more delicate in the central part of disk, scutellar foveae subrectangular and not or very slightly delimited posteriorly with glossy, smooth bottom (Fig. 55), mesopleuron with or without very indistinct striae (Fig. 56), while in females of A. singularis the body is mostly dark brown to black, legs dirty brown, coxae darker, mid legs brown, the diameter of antennal torulus at least 3.0 times as large as distance between them, mesoscutum alutaceous-reticulate, mesoscutellum slightly longer than broad, uniformly rugose, with distinct sharp rugae, scutellar foveae rounded, as broad as high, well delimited around, with coriaceous bottom, mesopleuron entirely or partially longitudinally striate, sometimes with small non-striate area posteriorly. In the male of A. truncicolus the body is mostly reddish yellow (Fig. 24), legs slightly lighter than body, F1 1.3 times longer than F2 (Fig. 78), mesopleuron with or without very indistinct striae on anterodorsal and ventral part (Figs 72, 74), mesoscutellum rugulose, with more delicate sculpture towards the centre of disc (Fig. 71) while in males of A. singularis the body mostly reddish to black, F1 only 1.2 times as long as F2, mesopleuron finely striate in anterior 2/3, remainder of surface smooth and glossy, mesoscutellum alutaceous with glossy areas. Moreover, the sexual generation galls of A. truncicolus are indistinguishable from those of A. conificus while the inducers are easily differentiated. In sexual females of A. truncicolus body is predominantly reddish yellow, legs slightly lighter than body; frons, vertex, and occiput uniformly coriaceous. Mesopleuron with or without very indistinct striae; mesoscutellum broader than long, reticulate rugose around its limits, more delicate in the central part of disk with unemarginated posterior margin. Scutellar foveae subrectangular not or very slightly delimited posteriorly; mesoscutum shallowly colliculate. White setae on prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium few, long (about one and a half times the median diameter of the hypopygium in lateral view), curved, and slightly extending behind apex of spine. In females of A. conificus sex, body mostly dark brown to black, with yellow legs, except for proximal part of hind coxae being dark brown; frons, vertex, and occiput reticulate. Mesopleuron with very marked striae on; mesoscutellum as long as is broad, uniformly strongly areolate-rugose with distinct mainly longitudinal sharp rugae with emarginate posterior margin. Scutellar foveae subtriangular well-delimited posteriorly; mesoscutum deeply colliculate. White setae on prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium very few, short (approximately as long as the median diameter of the hypopygium in lateral view), erect, and not extending behind apex of ventral spine. In males of A. truncicolus body predominantly reddish yellow, legs slightly lighter than body. Diameter of torulus (including rims) equal to eye-torulus distance; eye-torulus distance nearly 3.0 times as large as distance between toruli. Frons and vertex coriaceous. Scutellar foveae subrectangular not or very slightly delimited posteriorly. Mesoscutellum around its limits, reticulate rugose, more delicate or coriaceous in the central part of disk, with unemarginate posterior margin. Mesoscutum shallowly colliculate; mesopleuron with or without very indistinct striae; ratio of breadth to height of metascutellum less than 1.5. In males of A. conificus body mostly dark brown to black, with yellow legs, except for proximal part of hind coxae being dark brown. Diameter of torulus (including rims) nearly 1.6 times eye-torulus distance; eye-torulus distance nearly 1.4 times as large as distance between toruli. Frons and vertex rugose. scutellar foveae subtriangular well-delimited posteriorly. mesoscutellum around its limits, strongly reticulate rugose, more delicate or colliculate in the central part of disk, with emarginate posterior margin. Mesoscutum deeply colliculate; mesopleuron with very marked striae; ratio of breadth to height of metascutellum more than 2.0. Description Sexual female. Body length 1.8–2.2 mm. Body with sparse white setae, predominantly reddish yellow, antennae slightly lighter than body, excluding the distal half which are darkened; eyes black; legs yellow-amber except for light brown Ts5 and dark brown tarsal claws. Mesosoma reddish yellow, in some specimens with 2–4 darker longitudinal stripes on mesoscutum. Metasoma lig, Published as part of Sottile, Salvatore, Cerasa, Giuliano, Massa, Bruno & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, The experimental life cycle closure of Andricus truncicolus (Giraud, 1859) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) and taxonomic description of its sexual generation, pp. 210-232 in Zootaxa 5296 (2) on pages 216-229, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5296.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7978102, {"references":["Giraud, J. E. (1859) Signalements de quelques especes nouvelles de Cynipides et de leurs Galles. Verhandlungen des Zoologisch- Botanischen Vereins in Wien, 9, 337 - 374.","Sottile, S., Cerasa, G., Massa, B. & Lo Verde, G. (2022) Andricus cydoniae Giraud, 1859 Junior Synonym of Cynips conifica Hartig, 1843, as Experimentally Demonstrated (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Insects, 13 (2), 200. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / insects 13020200","Mutun, S., Dinc, S., Bozso, M., Melika, G. (2014) Four new species of Andricus Hartig oak gall wasp from Turkey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini). Zootaxa, 3760 (2), 241 - 259. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3760.2.5","Pujade-Villar, J., Tavakoli, M., Melika, G. & Ferrer-Suay, M. (2015) Andricus synophri (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), a new species of oak gallwasp from Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics, 1 (1), 1 - 10.","Tavakoli, M., Melika, G., Sadeghi, S. E., Penzes, Z., Assareh, M. A., Atkinson, R. S., Bechtold, M., Miko, I., Zargaran, M. R., Aligolizade, D., Barimani, H., Bihari, P., F ¸ lop, D., Somogyi, K., Challis, R., Preuss, S., Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N. (2008) New species of oak gallwasps from Iran (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 1699 (1), 1 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1699.1.1","Melika, G. (2006) Gall Wasps of Ukraine. Cynipidae. Vestnik zoologii, Supplement 21 (1 - 2), 1 - 300, 301 - 644.","Folliot, R. (1964) Contribution a l'etude de la biologie des cynipides gallicoles (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea). Annales des Sciences Naturelles Zoologie, 12 (6), 407 - 564.","Askew, R. R. (1984) The Biology of gall wasps. In: Ananthakrishnan, T. N. (Ed.), Biology of gall insects. Edward Arnold, London, pp. 223 - 271.","Stone, G. N., Schonrogge, K., Atkinson, R. J., Bellido, D. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2002) The population biology of oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Annual Review of Entomology, 47, 633 - 668. https: // doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. ento. 47.091201.145247","Garbin, L., Diaz, N. B. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2008) Experimental study of the reproductive cycle of Plagiotrochus amenti Kieffer, 1901 (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Cynipidae), with comments on its taxonomy. Boletin de la Asociacion espanola de Entomologia, 32, 341 - 349.","Markovic, C. (2022) Survey of Cynipid Gall Wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in Serbia. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 24 (2), 177 - 193. https: // doi. org / 10.51963 / jers. v 24 i 2.2213","Kwast, E. (2012) A contribution to the fauna of Cynipidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) of Croatia with a description of an asexual female of Andricus korlevici (Kieffer, 1902) nov. Comb. Natura Croatica, 21, 223 - 245.","Katilmis, Y. & Kiyak, S. (2008) Checklist of Cynipidae of Turkey with a new genus record. Journal of Natural History, 42 (31 - 32), 2161 - 2167. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930802148981","De Stefani T. (1901) Contribuzione all'entomocecidiologia della flora sicula. Nuovo Giornale Botanico Italiano. Memorie della Societa Botanica Italiana, 8, 440 - 556.","Massa, B., Cerasa, G. & Pagliano, G. (2021). Insecta Hymenoptera Cynipidae. In: Bologna, M. A., Zapparoli, M., Oliverio, M., Minelli, A., Bonato, L., Cianferoni, F. & Stoch, F. (Eds.), Checklist of the Italian Fauna. Version 1.0. Last update 31 May 2021. Available from: https: // www. lifewatchitaly. eu / en / initiatives / checklist-fauna-italia-en / checklist / (accessed 20 January 2023)"]}

Roeseliana azami (Finot, 1892) Figs. 1b, 3d, 5e, 5f, 7e, 8c, 11, 23h Finot, 1892. Bull. Soc. entomol. Fr., 61: xxxv (Platycleis azami); type locality and depository: France, between Cogolin and La Foux, Var (MNHN, Paris). Material examined. France, Var VI.1888, Azam (1♁, 1♀ syntypes) (MNCN); France, Var, Azam (1♁, 1♀) (NMW); France, Crau, Bouches du Rhone VI.1967, M. Descamps (1♁, 1♀) (MCR, coll. P. Fontana); France, Cogolin 14.IX.1906 (1♁, 1♀) (NMP); France, La Foux, Var, Delmas (1♁, 1♀) (MSNG); France, Gard, Le Cailar 5.VI.1993, A. Foucart (2♁, 3♀); France, between St. Gilles and Arles 5.VII.1987, Ponel (1♁) (CBGP); France, Lattes (Montpellier) 23.VI.2019, B. Nabkolz (2♁) (BMPC). Remarks. R. azami is characterized by the incision of the female subgenital plate. Nadig (1961), Harz (1969) and Massa et al. (2012) considered R. azami the nominate subspecies with minor as other subspecies, while Ĝtz (1969) moved it to subspecies of R. fedtschenkoi, Defaut (1999, 2001) followed Ĝtz’s opinion, Puissant & Voisin (1999), Voisin (2003) and Massa & Fontana (2011) considered it as a valid species. Male titillators have only few large spines in their half apical apex and their tip is less curved and stouter than that of R. azami minor and R. brunneri (Figs. 5e, 5f), the supragenital plate and the cerci of the male and the subgenital plate of the female are reported in Figs. 7e and 8c. The 10 th tergite of the male has a very long, broad and triangular processes (in R. brunneri processes are very large and separated by a wide incision), tooth of cerci short, rounded and placed in the last fourth (as in R. brunneri; in R. roeselii they are longer, placed in the last third and are more pointed); titillators of R. azami are similar to those of R. brunneri (folded as a hook), while those of R. roeselii show a very different shape (straight with apical spines) (cf. Fig. 5); in addition, the female subgenital plate of R. azami is as large as long, incised for half the length and its lobes are rounded (similarly to that of R. brunneri), while that of R. roeselii is laterally enlarged and its lobes are pointed (cf. also Massa & Fontana 2011). Fully-winged specimens are unknown. See also Tables 2 and 4. Distribution. Region du Var (Mediterranean France). Bardiani & Buzzetti (2010) recorded it from Liguria, but see below R. azami minor., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on pages 363-364, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Nadig, A. (1961) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Orthopteren der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete: II. Neue und wenig bekannte Formen aus der insubrischen Region. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 34, 271 - 300.","Harz, K. (1969) Die Orthopteren Europas I. Series Entomologica, 5, 1 - 749. [http: // books. google. com / books? id = lK 5 NZrudROMC] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 2511 - 8 _ 1","Massa, B., Fontana, P. Buzzetti, F. M., Kleukers, R. & Ode, B. (2012) Fauna d'Italia. XLVIII. Orthoptera. Calderini ed., Bologna, 563 + CCXIV pp.","Defaut, B. (1999) La determination des Orthopteres de France. Materiaux Orthopteriques Entomocenotiques, 2, 1 - 83.","Defaut, B. (2001) Actualisation taxonomique et nomenclaturale du´Synopsis des orthopteres de France \". Materiaux Orthopteriques Entomocenotiques, 6, 107 - 112.","Puissant, S. & Voisin, J. F. (1999) Metrioptera (Bicolorana) bicolor (Philippi, 1830), espece nouvelle pour les Pyrenees- Orientales, son macropterisme, comparaison avec M. (Roeseliana) azami (Finot, 1892) (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae). Bulletin Societe entomologique France, 104 (3), 263 - 266. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1999.16578","Voisin, J. - F. (Ed.) (2003) Atlas des Orthopteres et des Mantides de France. Patrimoines Naturels, 60, 1 - 104.","Massa, B. & Fontana, P. (2011) Supraspecific taxonomy of Palaearctic Platycleidini with unarmed prosternum: a morphological approach (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae). Zootaxa, 2837 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2837.1.1","Bardiani, M. & Buzzetti, F. M. (2010) Blattari e Ortotteri delle Riserve Naturali \" Agoraie di Sopra e Moggetto \" (Liguria, Genova) e \" Guadine Pradaccio \" (Emilia-Romagna, Parma) (Blattaria, Orthoptera). Bollettino Associazione romana Entomologia, 64 (2009), 69 - 90."]}

Genus Roeseliana Zeuner, 1941 Morphological analysis Characters of the genus Roeseliana The genus Roeseliana was described by Zeuner (1941), who named it after the Austrian entomologist August Johann R̂sel von Rosenhof. However, several authors preferred to maintain Roeseliana as subgenus of the genus Metrioptera Wesmael, 1838. More recently, Massa & Fontana (2011) carried out a revision of Platycleidini and raised again Roeseliana to generic level. According to previous authors (Zeuner 1941; Massa & Fontana 2011), these are the characters of the genus: head slightly broader than long, ratio maximum width/length of head (from vertex to clipeus): 1.2–1.3. Brachypterous, rarely holopterous, pronotum flat, just depressed, margins rounded, humeral excision just evident, keel present in the metazona; ♀ subgenital plate large, bilobate, at the sides not touching the ovipositor; ovipositor short and clearly curved, somewhat angular at 1/3 from the base; ♀ VIIth sternite modified or not; hind femora/pronotum length ♁: 2.7–3.5, ♀: 2.7–3.6; ♁ Xth tergite with very broad processes separated by an incision, long cylindrical cerci, with a pre-apical inner spine. Colour of lateral lobes of the pronotum greyish bordered with a whitish stripe. Diagnosis. Tenth tergite of male with very broad anal segment, rounded cerci and short ovipositor are useful characters to separate Roeseliana from Metrioptera and Bicolorana Zeuner, 1941; with the latter Roeseliana shares the female subgenital plate not touching the ovipositor. Ovipositor— Figs. 1–2, Table 2 The shape of the ovipositor is fairly variable, but we could find taxa/populations with fine ovipositor (R. pylnovi, R. roeselii, R. azami minor from Lombardy, Piedmont and Emilia-Romagna, R. ambitiosa), and those with deeper ovipositor (R. azami, R. azami minor from Tuscany and Marche, R. brunneri and R. bispina). However, the ovipositor angle resulted also variable in the different taxa/populations, smaller in R. pylnovi, R. oporina, R. azami, R. azami minor from Lombardy, Piedmont, Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany, R. brunneri and R. bispina, bigger in others, namely R. roeselii, R. azami minor from Marche and R. ambitiosa. Stridulatory file— Fig. 3, Table 2 We describe preliminary the stridulatory file of different taxa/populations, that are very similar in their structure (Fig. 3). The length is ca. 1.2 mm, while the depth may range from 0.20 to 0.35 mm. Stridulatory file is a little arched, the total number of teeth ranges between 40 and 80 (R. brunneri: ca. 70–80 with 15 central larger; R. azami minor from Tuscany: ca. 50 with 15 central larger; R. azami minor from Piedmont: ca. 40, with 15 central larger; R. azami: ca. 45, more or less of the same size; R. roeselii: ca. 50, with 12–13 central larger teeth; R. ambitiosa: ca. 50 with at least 40 teeth of more or less the same size and a few very small teeth in the proximal part; R. bispina: ca. 60, more or less of the same size; R. pylnovi: ca. 50, with 12–13 central larger). Generally, the stridulatory file in its proximal part bears very small teeth (about 15–20), dense, decreasing in size and evenly spaced, the central part is composed of ca. 12–15 widely spaced larger teeth (with some exceptions, like in R. azami, R. bispina and R. ambitiosa), the distal part is composed of about 8–10 very small teeth. The differences are noted in Table 2. Female subgenital plate— Figs. 8, 9, Table 2 The ratio length to width of the female subgenital plate resulted to be maximum in R. pylnovi (2.8), followed by that of R. roeselii (2.0–2.1), R. azami minor from Marche (2.1–2.2), R. oporina (1.8), R. azami minor from Lombardy, Piedmont and Emilia–Romagna (1.8–2.2), R. brunneri (1.7–1.9), R. azami (1.7), R. azami minor from Tuscany (1.7), R. bispina (1.7) and R. ambitiosa (1.5). However, other differences in the shape of the apical tips of the subgenital plate are evident., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on pages 356-357, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Zeuner, F. E. (1941) The classification of the Decticinae hitherto included in Platycleis Fieb. or Metrioptera Wesm. (Orthoptera, Saltatoria). Transactions Royal entomological Society London, 91, 1 - 50, figs. 1 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1941. tb 03001. x","Massa, B. & Fontana, P. (2011) Supraspecific taxonomy of Palaearctic Platycleidini with unarmed prosternum: a morphological approach (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae). Zootaxa, 2837 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2837.1.1"]}

Roeseliana oporina (Bolívar, 1887) Figs. 2d, 5k, 6c, 8d, 10, 23g Bolívar, 1887. An. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat., 16: 108 (Platycleis oporina); type locality and depository: Spain, Cuenca, Uclés near Saelices, Castillo de Castillejo (MNCN, Madrid). Material examined. Spain, Uclés (lectotypus ♁) (MNCN). Remarks. R. oporina was described in Platycleis, but Zeuner (1941) moved it to Roeseliana; Harz (1969) listed it in Metrioptera, subgenus Roeseliana, Massa & Fontana (2011) in Metrioptera. Only recently R. oporina was rediscovered and described again by Gutiérrez-Rodríguez & García-París (2016), who established definitively that it is belongs to Roeseliana. Morphological characters suggest that it is related to R. azami, but not to R. roeselii. R. oporina has male titillators not much apically hooked, with only small apical spines, the female subgenital plate is similar to that of R. azami, but male cerci are a little similar to those of R. roeselii. The lectotype has tegmina covering the abdomen, while specimens depicted by Gutiérrez-Rodríguez & García-París (2016) are more brachypterous. See also Tables 2 and 4. Distribution. Cuenca region (Spain)., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on page 367, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Bolivar, I. (1887) Especies nuevas o criticas de Ortopteros. Anales Sociedad espanola Histpria natural, 16, 89 - 114. [http: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / ing / Libro. php? Libro = 1152]","Zeuner, F. E. (1941) The classification of the Decticinae hitherto included in Platycleis Fieb. or Metrioptera Wesm. (Orthoptera, Saltatoria). Transactions Royal entomological Society London, 91, 1 - 50, figs. 1 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1941. tb 03001. x","Harz, K. (1969) Die Orthopteren Europas I. Series Entomologica, 5, 1 - 749. [http: // books. google. com / books? id = lK 5 NZrudROMC] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 2511 - 8 _ 1","Massa, B. & Fontana, P. (2011) Supraspecific taxonomy of Palaearctic Platycleidini with unarmed prosternum: a morphological approach (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae). Zootaxa, 2837 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2837.1.1","Gutierrez-Rodriguez, J. & Garcia-Paris, M. (2016) Rediscovery of the ghost bush-cricket Roeseliana oporina (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in Central Spain. Journal Insect Conservation, 20, 149 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10841 - 016 - 9846 - 1"]}

Roeseliana n. sp. Lemonnier-Darcemont & Darcemont, in press. Figs. 22d, 23d Lemonnier-Darcemont & Darcemont, in press. Zoosystema; type locality and depository: Mazarakia, Epirus, Greece (MNHN, Paris). Remarks. The description of this species has been proposed when we finished our revision and we were not able to examine specimens; however, thanks to the courtesy of Michèle Lemonnier-Darcemont it was possible to examine some photographs and to provide biometrics. Measurements. Male. Body length: 19.5; pronotum: 6.5; tegmina: 9.5; hind femur: 17.5. Female. Body length: 24.5; pronotum: 6.5; tegmina: 7.5; hind femur: 21; ovipositor: 8.5. Male differs from Roeseliana oporina by the shape of cerci and of titillators, from R. bispina by the width of the base of the apical tooth of the cerci, from R. ambitiosa and R. azami by the shape of titillators and the arrangement of their spines, from R. brunneri by the shape of the last tergite. By their last tergite largely indented with narrow and pointed lobes at their extremity, they are however close to R. azami, to R. oporina and to R. ambitiosa. The internal tooth of the male cerci is short and placed at ¾ of the cerci, it is barely wider at its base than at the apex as R. ambitiosa, R. brunneri, R. oporina and R. azami. The shape of titillators is similar to that R. bispina, but with a different number and arrangement of spines. The shape of the female subgenital plate is intermediate between that of R. oporina and R. azami but with a much shallower incision and a less pronounced central keel (Lemonnier-Darcemont & Darcemont in press)., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on page 366, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886

Roeseliana fedtschenkoi (Saussure, 1874) Figs. 6e, 10 Saussure, 1874. Mém. Soc. Sci. nat. Antrop. Ethnogr. Univ. Moscou, 11: 45 (Decticus (Platycleis) fedtschenkoi); type locality and depository: Uzbekistan, Maracanclam et prope Bairakum ad flumen Jaxartem (Samarkand, Syr Daria) (syntypus, ZMUM). Found near Samarkand on June 8, 1869 (larva) and May 17, 1871 in Bayrakum. Brown-green or yellowish-green color. The head is wide, smooth; the top of vertex is broad and blunt, on its sides above the eyes there is a horizontal brown stripe, separated or bordered by a yellowish line, extending from the eyes; vertex is decorated with three pale longitudinal lines, from which the lateral lines follow the edges of the brown stripes. The antennae are dark, green at the base. Mesothorax width the same as its length; the upper surface of mesothorax is wide, flat, slightly convex at the front end, slightly concave in the middle; the middle lobe is very weakly expressed, the lateral lobes are blunt; the rear edge is cut off, slightly turned upwards; the folded edge comes onto the lateral lobes of pronotum; the latter is bordered by a whitish stripe and decorated with irregular brown spots (or the area along the lobes and along the edges of the lobes is brown); rear part of side lobes of pronotum is blunt cut. The colour is green-brown or yellow-green. The head is broad and smooth; the apex of the head is broad and obtuse; on the sides, above the eyes, there is a horizontal brown stripe which divides a yellowish stripe or surrounds it, there are three pale lines running along the brown stripe, of these, the lateral ones reach the ends of the brown stripe. Width of the front part of the thorax equal to the length; the upper surface is broad and flat, slightly convex in the fore margin and slightly concave in the middle; the lobe of the middle is not very pronounced, the lateral lobes are a little obtuse, the hind edge is truncated, slightly raised; this raised edge joins with the lateral keels; in the anterior part of the pronotum there is a pale line with irregular brown flecks; the posterior edge of the lateral keels is cut obtusely at the point where they go towards the posterior side of the anterior part of the pronotum. Tegmina red-yellow, rounded at the apex, cover the entire abdomen except its three posterior segments; the veins of the elytra are brown, with the exception of a green “shoulder” vein, which is arcuately curved and gives five brown branches near its middle. The tympanum is poorly developed, the stridulatory file is poorly developed and is covered in the anterior part by the pronotum; the mirror is not closed, it has only the outer vein. The wings are rudimentary. The legs and body are concolourous. The hind femora are adorned with a longitudinal brown stripe. The ventral side of abdomen is pale. The supra-anal plate is incised with an oblong impression in the form of A on its surface; this depression is narrow, rounded-blunt at the apex, surrounded by hairs, has prominent sharp edges; the supra-anal plate is deeply incised at the apex. This notch has almost the same shape as the depression on the surface of the plate; the corners of the edges of the notch continue into triangular tongue-like spines. The cerci are long, somewhat protruding from the stylet-like processes of the subgenital plate; on their apical third, they are each armed with one sausage-like process, which apex is black. The subgenital plate is large, with an impression at its base, equipped with three strongly developed ribs, rounded at the free edge and incised in the form of V. The cerci are long, a little protruding from the plate cavity, in the distal third there is a black spine. Remarks. Saussure (1874) wrote that tegmina cover the entire abdomen, excluding three posterior segments, tegmina of the syntypes cover only one third of abdomen (Fig. 10). In addition, Saussure (1874) compared the species with Platycleis brevipennis (Charpentier, 1825) (currently synonym of R. roeselii), pointing out that R. fedtschenkoi is larger, has shorter tegmina, supra-anal plate of different shape and less developed tympanum. Later, Stshelkanovtzev (1907) recorded another male from Sossyur (Turkmenistan) and described the female from Lake Balkhash (Turkmenistan), pointing out that it was similar to R. roeselii, with tegmina apex less obtuse, shorter ovipositor, bigger size, but the subgenital plate very similar to that of R. roeselii. Thanks to the kindness of A. Gorochov, O. Korsunovskaya, V. Savitsky, and A. Ozerov we were able to examine the photo of the supra-anal plate of the syntype (Figs. 6e, 10), finding that it is very similar to that of R. pylnovi, including the male titillators, apically hooked, but different from R. roeselii, whose titillators are differently shaped. All authors agree with the validity of this taxon, with the exception of Heller (1988), who has considered it synonymous with R. roeselii (see above, R. roeselii). Tarbinsky (1932) considered R. pylnovi synonym of R. fedtschenkoi; indeed, in many museums there are specimens from Caucasian area identified as R. fedtschenkoi. According to Ĝtz (1969), R. fedtschenkoi (vasilii included), R. pylnovi, R. ambitiosa, R. azami, and R. minor constitute a ‘Rassenkreis’, a ring of neighbouring populations that exhibit a pattern of geographical replacement of one type by another. However, he treated vasilii, pylnovi, ambitiosa, minor and azami as subspecies of fedtschenkoi, without having studied specimens of true R. fedtschenkoi. Stolyarov (2005) followed the same arrangement. More recently, Chobanov & Mihajlova (2010) and Iorgu et al. (2013) treated R. fedtschenkoi as a subspecies of R. roeselii. See R. roeselii, Tables 2 and 4. The song of R. fedtschenkoi is presently unknown. Distribution. This species has been described from Uzbekistan, later it was collected in Turkmenistan, and probably it is restricted to the East Asia, while in West Asia and North Europe it is replaced by R. pylnovi and R. roeselii. According to Stolyarov (2005) it should be present also in Azerbaijan, Dashkesan, but specimens from this country could eventually belong to R. pylnovi., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on pages 362-363, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Saussure, H. de. (1874) Orthopteres. In: Voyage au Turkestan de A. P. Fedtschenko. Tome II. Recherches zoogeographiques, Vme partie. Memoires Societe imperiale amis des Sciences naturelles, d'Anthropologie et d'Ethnographie attache a l'Universite de Moscou, 11, pp. 1 - 52. [in Russian]","Stshelkanovtzev, J. P. (1907) Orthopteres recueillis sur les rives du lac Balkhash et du fleuve Ili par l'expedition envoyee au lac Balkhasch en 1903 [in Russian]. Annuaire Musee zoologique Academie des sciences St. Petersbourg, 12, 373 - 387. [http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 36241 # page / 535 / mode / 1 up]","Heller, K. - G. (1988) Bioakustik der europaischen Laubheuschrecken. Okologie Forschung Anwendung, 1, 1 - 358.","Tarbinsky, S. P. (1932) A contribution to our knowledge of the orthopterous insects of U. S. S. R. Bulletin Leningrad Institute Controlling Farm Forest Pests, 2, 181 - 205. [in Russian, with English descriptions]","Stolyarov, M. V. (2005) New data on distribution and taxonomy of the Orthoptera from Caucasus. 1. Stenopelmatoidea and Tettigonioidea. Trudy Russkago Entomologicheskago Obshchestva [= Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae], St. Petersburg, 76, 62 - 71.","Chobanov, D. P. & Mihajlova, B. (2010) Orthoptera and Mantodea in the collection of the Macedonian Museum of Natural History (Skopje) with an annotated check-list of the groups in Macedonia. Articulata, 25 (1), 73 - 107. [http: // www. dgfo-articulata. de / articulata / 2010 _ 25 - 1 / Articulata _ 25 - 1 % 20 Chobanov-Mihajlova. pdf]","Iorgu, I. S., Stahi, N. & Iorgu, E. I. (2013) The Orthoptera (Insecta) from middle and lower Prut River Basin. Travaux Museum national Histoire naturelle´Grigore Antipa \", 56 (2), 157 - 171. [http: // www. travaux. ro / web / pdf / 56 % 282 % 29 - TMNHNGA- 157 - 171. pdf] https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / travmu- 2013 - 0012"]}

Roeseliana fedtschenkoi vasilii (Götz, 1969) Ĝtz, 1969. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 45: 157 (Metrioptera fedtschenkoi vasilii); type locality and depository: Romania, Negresti, Moldau (SMTD, Dresden). Remarks. Ĝtz (1969) described this taxon from Romania as subspecies of R. fedtschenkoi, and considered it related to pylnovi, ambitiosa, minor and azami. Examination of the drawings of the titillators and the female subgenital plate of this taxon by Ĝtz (1969) shows that it is undoubtedly related to R. roeselii, but the female subgenital plate is similar to that of R. ambitiosa. Distribution. Romania; according to Ĝtz (1969) in Bulgaria a mixed population roeselii-vasilii may be found., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on page 363, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886

Roeseliana bispina (Bolívar, 1899) Figs. 1d, 3d, 5n, 7f, 8f, 11 Bolívar, 1899. Ann. Soc. Entom. Belgique, 43: 602 (Platycleis roeseli variety bispina); type locality and depository: Turkey, Marach (MNCN, Madrid). Material examined. Turkey, Marach (holotype ♁) (MNCN); Turkey, Kilia (1♀); Turkey, Smyrne, Brunner (1♁); Turkey, Smyrne, Kordelia, Brunner (3♀) (NMW); Turkey, Kütahya, Ikizhüyük (950 m) 21.VII.2003, M. Ünal (1♁, 1♀) (MUPC). Remarks. R. bispina was described by Bolívar (1899) as Platycleis roeseli var. bispina, characterized by stout head and differences in the subgenital plate of the female, which has a broad concavity. Zeuner (1941) raised the taxon to species level within Roeseliana. This was followed by Harz (1969) and Massa & Fontana (2011). Heller (1988) considered it as synonymous with R. roeselii and Ünal (1999, 2006, 2018) listed it as Metrioptera (Roeseliana) bispina, recording some new localities from north Turkey. Morphological characters (see also Table 2 and 4) allow to separate it from other eastern (like R. fedtshenkoi, R. pylnovi) and western taxa (like R. brunneri, R. azami minor and R. azami). Male titillators are little curved, slender and nearly unarmed, with only few small apical spines (Fig. 5n). Distribution. Turkey, recorded from north Macedonia by Karaman (1975)., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on pages 374-375, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Bolivar, I. (1899) Orthopteres du voyage de M. Martinez Escalera dans L'Asie mineure. Annales Societe entomologique Belgique, 43, 583 - 607. [http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 110227 # page / 589 / mode / 1 up]","Zeuner, F. E. (1941) The classification of the Decticinae hitherto included in Platycleis Fieb. or Metrioptera Wesm. (Orthoptera, Saltatoria). Transactions Royal entomological Society London, 91, 1 - 50, figs. 1 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1941. tb 03001. x","Harz, K. (1969) Die Orthopteren Europas I. Series Entomologica, 5, 1 - 749. [http: // books. google. com / books? id = lK 5 NZrudROMC] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 2511 - 8 _ 1","Massa, B. & Fontana, P. (2011) Supraspecific taxonomy of Palaearctic Platycleidini with unarmed prosternum: a morphological approach (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae). Zootaxa, 2837 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2837.1.1","Heller, K. - G. (1988) Bioakustik der europaischen Laubheuschrecken. Okologie Forschung Anwendung, 1, 1 - 358.","Unal, M. (1999) Notes on Orthoptera of western Turkey, with description of a new genus and four new species. Journal Orthoptera Research, 8, 243 - 255. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3503441","Unal, M. (2006) Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera) from Turkey and the Middle East. Transactions american entomological Society, 132 (1 - 2), 157 - 203. https: // doi. org / 10.3157 / 0002 - 8320 (2006) 132 [157: TOFTAT] 2.0. CO; 2","Unal, M. (2018) Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Turkey with key to genera and description of six new species. Zootaxa, 4432 (1), 1 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4432.1.1","Karaman, M. S. (1975) Taksonomska, zoogeografska i ekoloska studija Ortopteroidea skopske kotline. M. S. Karaman Edition, Pristina, 156 pp."]}

Roeseliana roeselii (Hagenbach, 1822) Figs. 1a, 3e, 4, 5i, 5j, 6b, 8b, 10, 22h, 23c, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d Hagenbach, 1822. Symbola faunae insectorum Helvetiae exhibentia vel species novas vel nondum depictas, 39 (Locusta roeselii); type locality and depository: Basel, Switzerland (lost?). Material examined. Check Republic, Král Sneznik 17.VIII.1951 (1♁, 4♀ holopterous); Check Republic, Horni Lipka, Hormale 31.VIII.1951 (6♁); Check Republic (80♁, 120♀); Austria, Car. Maria Rain 15.IX.1956, J. Mucha (3♁, 3♀) (NMP); Check Republic, Zabrodi 6.VIII.1952, Cejchan (1♁); same data 4.VIII.1960 (1♁, 1♀); Check Republic, H. Vlitaviche, Sum VIII.1951, Cejchan (1♀); Slovenia, Ljublyana 23.VII.1065, F. Willemse (1♁, 1♀); Switzerland, Strada, San Niclà (1400m) 26.IX.1961 (1♁, 1♀); Bosnia and Erzegovina, Gacko, Tientiste 30.VIII.1975, A. Messina (2♁, 10♀); Bosnia and Erzegovina, Gacko, Camerno 28.VIII.1975, A. Messina (2♁, 3♀); Bosnia and Erzegovina, Partizanske Vode, Titovo U. 31.VII.1975, A. Messina (1♁); Romania, Sibiu, Scoreiu 6.VIII.1975, A. Messina & V. Nobile (6♁, 2♀); Romania, Caransebes, Muntele 12.VIII.1975, A. Messina (4♁, 5♀); Slovenia, Postumia 13.IX.1980, F. Lombardo (15♁, 16♀); Italy, Friuli, Tarvisio 11.VIII.1968, Sichel (3♁, 18♀); France, Lyon, Pontaneveaux 18.VIII.1966, V. Nobile (2♀); France, St. Aventin, Luchon 15.VIII.1977, A. Messina (1♁) (MSNM, coll. M. La Greca); Slovenia, Podravska, Pesnica, Vukovje 17.VI.2010, M. Bardiani (1♁) (CNBFVR); USA, Vermont, Stowe Valley 23.VIII.1988, B. Baccetti (2♁, 3♀); USA, Vermont, Bolton Valley 21–22.VIII.1988, B. Baccetti (4♁, 3♀); Germany, Titisee 23.VIII.1991, B. Baccetti (1♁, 1♀); Poland, Bialowicza 5.VII.1990, B. Baccetti (1♁, 3♀); Switzerland, Graecken 25.VIII.1959, D. Guiglia (2♁, 3♀); Poland, Polnisch Neudorf bei Steinkirche Schles 4.IX.1894, Brunner (1♁, 1♀); Netherlands, Kerkrade 1940, C. Willemse (1♁, 1♀); Finland, Åland Is., Al Finstrom, Pålsböle 24.VIII.1943, H. Lindberg (1♁); Italy, Trentino, Folgaria 16.VIII.1962, A. Galvagni (5♁, 6♀) (MSNG); Italy, Trentino, Costa di Folgaria 9.VI.1968, A. Galvagni (1♁, 1♀); Italy, Trentino, Folgaria, Torbiera Echen 24.VII.1995, P. Fontana (1♁, 1♀); Italy, Trentino, Val Pusteria, Gais 17–22.VII.1994, B. Massa (7♁, 5♀); Italy, Trentino, Sesto 20.VII.1992, B. Massa (1♀); Austria, Lienz 17.VII.1992, B. Massa (1♀); Check Republic, Bohemia Kocourov 27.VII.2003, K. Svec (1♀ holopterous); Germany, Bayreuth-Gees 25–27.VII.2022, B. Massa (2♁, 3♀) (BMPC); Italy, Friuli, Tarvisio, Camporosso 16.VII.1993, P. Fontana (5♁, 5♀, 1 ♁ holopterous); Italy, Friuli, Foresta di Tarvisio 26.VIII.1982, A. Battisti (1♀); Italy, Trentino, Folgaria, Torbiera Echen 30.VII.1994, P. Fontana (3♁, 4♀); Italy, Trentino, Passo Stelvio (Bolzano) 2.IX.1998, P. Fontana (1♀ holopterous); Hungary, Matra Mts, Kekes 1.IX.1995, P. Fontana (1♀) (MCR, coll. P. Fontana); Italy, Veneto, Asiago (1315m) 1.VIII.2018, F. Marangoni (2♁, 3♀ holopterous, 1♀ brachypterous) (FMPC); Italy, Trentino, Tarvisio, Torbiera Sochezza 2.IX.2001, G. Colombetta (1♀); same data 8.VII.2001, A. Cogo & F. Buzzetti (1♁ holopterous); Italy, Veneto, Padola (Belluno) 21.VII.2002, P. Fontana & P. Tirello (1♁, 1♀) (MCR, Coll. F. Buzzetti); Italy, Trentino, Piana del Preval, Zegla (Cormons, Gorizia), (52m) 22.VI.2014 (3♁, 3♀), F. Tami (FTPC); France, Savigny sur Orge (1♁); France, Bagnères de Luchon 19.VIII.1888 (1♁); France Saumur 18.VII.1888 (1♀); France, High Pyrenées (1♁); France, Pyrenées, Luchon (3♁, 1♀); France, Corrèze VII.1986, J. Cools (1♁, 5♀); France, St. Agnant 3.IX.1980 (1♁); France, Planaseau 15.IX.1982 (1♁); France, High Rhine, Thannenkirch 4.IX.1983 (1♁); France, High Rhine, Horodberg 7.IX.1983 (1♀); France, Cantal Mandailles-St. Julien Benech (978 m), J. Cools (10♁, 7♀); France, Puy de Dome VIII.1922 (1♁ holopterous, 1♀ holopterous); Switzerland, Breitenbach 5.IX.1983 (1♁); Switzerland (1♁); Austria (1♁, 2♀); Germany (3♁, 2♀); Slovenia, Maribor 29.VII.1967, L. Allaer (1♁) (RBINS). Remarks. When Hagenbach (1822) described R. roeselii from a female specimen from Basel (Switzerland) (Fig. 4), he wrote that tegmina were 1/3 long as abdomen. However, R. roeselii occurs with holopterous males and females with a variable frequency, mainly in the north of its distribution; e.g., Szanyi et al. (2014) found a high frequency (≤ 53%) of holopterous individuals of R. roeselii in some meadows surrounded by forests of Hungary. R. roeselii is the most easily diagnosable species from a morphological point of view. It is the only species with titillators without arched tips with small apical spines and a narrow male supragenital plate (Figs. 5i–5j, 6b); in addition, the female subgenital plate is very deeply incised with two sharp apices (Fig. 8b; see also Ĝtz 1969). Male cerci and female subgenital plate are more similar to those of R. pylnovi than to those of south European taxa. In particular the shape of cerci shows a long apically pointed part and an inner backwards and pointed spine (Fig. 6b). The south European taxa of Roeseliana differ clearly from R. roeselii. According to Heller (1988), R. fedtschenkoi is synonymous with R. roeselii. See also R. fedtschenkoi. However, according to Heller et al. (1998) while the South European forms formerly included in Metrioptera fedtschenkoi belong to R. roeselii, this may be not true for all of the South East European and especially the Caucasian and central Asian forms. However, most authors agree with the validity of the two taxa R. fedtschenkoi and R. roeselii and consider both polytypic species. We were able to examine only the photos of the syntype of R. fedtschenkoi, and we found that the latter is different from R. roeselii. However, authors who have cited R. fedtschenkoi really examined specimens collected in countries different from the typical area of the species (Uzbekistan-Turkmenistan) and this may be the reason of some misinterpretation. For characters of R. roeselii see also Tables 2 and 3. Distribution. Wide areas of the Palaearctic region (Galvagni 2001); it has been introduced in Canada, Montreal and Ville St. Laurent in 1950; since then its range has increased in Ontario and Quebec, and into the United States as far as Illinois (Vickery et al. 1975, Capinera et al. 2004), where now it is rather frequent. It also has spread in North Europe; according to Kaňuch et al. (2013), due to the limited ability of R. roeselii to cross geographical barriers through active dispersal, it is very much probable that transport of eggs potentially occurred with agricultural products, and consequently at least some of the isolated populations originated from human-mediated introductions rather than natural dispersal. It is present from lowland to high elevations., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on pages 358-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Hagenbach, J. J. (1822) Symbola faunae insectorum Helvetiae exhibentia vel species novas vel nondum depictas. Societas Naturalis Scrut. Helvetica Sodali, 1, I - VI + 1 - 48, 15 pls. [http: // publikationen. ub. uni-frankfurt. de / opus 4 / frontdoor / deliver / index / docId / 15803 / file / Hagenbach. pdf] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 66054","Szanyi, S., Nagy, A., Racz, I. A. & Varga, Z. (2014) Contrasting patterns of macroptery in Roesel's bush cricket Metrioptera roeselii (Orthoptera, Ensifera). Estonian Journal Ecology, 63, 299 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.3176 / eco. 2014.4.07","Heller, K. - G. (1988) Bioakustik der europaischen Laubheuschrecken. Okologie Forschung Anwendung, 1, 1 - 358.","Heller, K. - G., Korsunovskaya, O., Ragge, D. R., Vedenina, V., Willemse, F., Zhantiev, R. D. & Frantsevich, L. (1998) Check-List of European Orthoptera. Articulata, 7, 1 - 61. [http: // www. zobodat. at / pdf / Articulata-BH _ 7 _ 0001 - 0061. pdf]","Galvagni, A. (2001) Gli Ortotteroidei della Val Venosta, detta anche Vinschgau (Alto Adige, Italia settentrionale) (Insecta: Blattaria, Mantodea, Orthoptera, Dermaptera). Atti Accademia roveretana Agiati, a. 251, IB, 67 - 182.","Vickery, V. R. & Kerr, G. E. (1975) Additional records of Ensifera (Gryllotpera) in Ontario. Proceedings entomological Society Ontario, 105, 96 - 100.","Capinera, J. L., Scott, R. D. & Walker, T. J. (2004) Field Guide to Grasshoppers, Katydids, and Crickets of the United States. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, New York, vi + 249 pp.","Kanuch, P., Berggren, A. & Cassel-Lundhagen, A. (2013) Colonization history of Metrioptera roeselii in northern Europe indicates human-mediated dispersal. Journal Biogeography, 40, 977 - 987. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jbi. 12048"]}

Roeseliana pylnovi (Uvarov, 1924) Figs. 1e, 1f, 3h, 6d, 8a, 10 Uvarov 1924. Trans. R. Entomol. Soc. London, 71(3–4): 534 (Metrioptera pylnovi); type locality and depository: Caucasus (UMO, Oxford). Material examined. Armenia, Tavush, Dilijan 6.VII.2005, M. Kalashian (5♁, 6♀) (BMPC); Georgia, Caucasus, Bakuriany 5–10.IX.1912, E. Konig (1♁, 1♀ paratypes) (NHM) (photographed by R. Felix); Georgia, Lake Bazeleti 29.VI.2003, P. Fontana, F. Buzzetti & B. Massa (1♁); Georgia, Ananouri 20.VI.2003, P. Fontana, F. Buzzetti & B. Massa (1♁) (BMPC). Remarks. Described in the genus Metrioptera by Uvarov (1924), it was transferred to the genus Roeseliana by Zeuner (1941). Following Tarbinsky (1932) it is synonymous with R. fedtschenkoi, but Zeuner (1941) listed it as valid species. Ramme (1951) considered R. pylnovi and R. fedtschenkoi different taxa, with different shape of wings. Ĝtz (1969) pointed out that the subgenital plate of female is more incised than that of R. fedtschenkoi, but he did not list specimens of the latter species. It seems that R. pylnovi is much related to R. fedtschenkoi and R. roeselii. However, titillators are different from those of R. roeselii (Fig. 6). Instead, the supra-anal plate and cerci of the male are a slightly similar to those of R. roeselii (Fig. 6d), however, differences may be detected with the female subgenital plate, which in R. roeselii is laterally more rounded (Figs. 8a and 8b). See also Tables 2 and 4. Distribution. Caucasian region., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, Tagliavia, Marcello, Buzzetti, Filippo Maria, Fontana, Paolo, Carotti, Giovanni, Bardiani, Marco, Leandri, Fausto, Scherini, Roberto & Verde, Gabriella Lo, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic genus Roeseliana (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae: Platycleidini): a case of ongoing Mediterranean speciation, pp. 351-400 in Zootaxa 5270 (3) on page 363, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7859886, {"references":["Uvarov, B. P. (1924) Notes on the Orthoptera in the British Museum, 3. Some less known or new genera and species of subfamilies Tettigoniidae and Decticinae. Transactions Royal entomological Society London, 71 (3 - 4), 492 - 537.","Zeuner, F. E. (1941) The classification of the Decticinae hitherto included in Platycleis Fieb. or Metrioptera Wesm. (Orthoptera, Saltatoria). Transactions Royal entomological Society London, 91, 1 - 50, figs. 1 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1941. tb 03001. x","Tarbinsky, S. P. (1932) A contribution to our knowledge of the orthopterous insects of U. S. S. R. Bulletin Leningrad Institute Controlling Farm Forest Pests, 2, 181 - 205. [in Russian, with English descriptions]","Ramme, W. (1951) Zur Systematik, Faunistik und Biologie der Orthopteren von Sudost-Europa und Vorderasien. Mitteilungen Zoologischen Museum Berlin, 27, 1 - 431, 39 pls. [1950] https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 4830270108"]}

Caprimulgus europaeus In recent years Update on the distribution of breeding Nightjar in Sicily. there have been numerous observations of Nightjar in areas where it had never previously been observed. In some cases the reason may be a deeper exploration, but in other cases the possible explanation is the expansion of the species. However, it is quite interesting the change in the habitat by this species. The present paper provides an update of its status based on data collected in the fifteen years following the publication of the last Sicilian Atlas of breeding birds.

Mangomaloba excavata new species (Figs. 3a– 3g) Material examined. Sierra Leone, Loma Mts. (1050m), Closed Canopy Forest, 09°10’35”N, 11°05’25”W, Light Trap 7–10. VI.2016, H. Takano, W. Miles, R. Goff (1♂ holotype) (ANHRT). Diagnosis. Very characteristic for its incurved and externally excavated cerci, the long and incurved apical tips of the subgenital plate, and the costal area of tegmina with a net of small cells. Description. Male (Fig. 3a). Colour. Green, antennae yellowish, abdomen yellow with red spots, left tegmen green with black stridulatory area and small brown spots between cells. Head and antennae. Fastigium of vertex narrow, sulcate above, not contiguous with fastigium of frons. Eyes rounded, well projecting. Legs. Fore coxae armed with a fine spine. Fore tibiae furrowed on upper margin, distinctly widening above tympanum, conchate on inner, open on outer side. Fore femora armed on inner ventral side with 12 small spines, fore tibiae with 4 spines + 1 spur on inner side and 3 spines + 1 spur on outer ventral side, mid femora with 9 outer spines, mid tibiae with 8–9 outer and inner ventral spines. Hind femora armed with 5 small spines on outer and inner ventral sides, hind tibiae with many spines on ventral and dorsal sides + 3 spurs on each side. Thorax. Pronotum narrowing at the level of the humeral sinus, flat above, lateral margins rounded, anterior margin a little incurved, posterior margin rounded, humeral sinus well developed, lobes of pronotum rounded. Small hairs are scattered on pronotum. Wings. Tegmina narrow with rounded apices and costal area with a net of small cells. Wings longer than tegmina. Stridulatory area of the left tegmen composed of the stridulatory file and of a raised parallel posterior bulge (Fig. 2b). Stridulatory file arched, consisting of 35 teeth, 10 distal more distant from each other, the other smaller and more and more close together (Fig. 2c). Mirror of the right tegmen small. Abdomen. Last tergite covered by thick yellowish hairs. Cerci stout at the base, apically incurved and flat, excavated in the external side (Figs. 3d, 3e, 3f, see arrow). Subgenital plate narrow and long with two long apical incurved tips, without styli (Figs. 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g). Female. Unknown. Etymology. From the shape of cerci, externally excavated. Measurements (mm). Male. Body length: 20.8; length of pronotum: 4.9; height of pronotum: 3.8; length of hind femora: 19.1; length of tegmina: 29.6. Affinities. Mangomaloba excavata n. sp. differs from the other three known species of the genus by its costal area of tegmina with a net of small cells instead of spaced cross-veins; further, it differs from them by the shape of cerci and the characteristic subgenital plate. Distribution. Presently M. excavata n. sp. is known only from the type locality, Loma Mts. (1050m), Sierra Leone, where it has been collected at light trap in closed canopy forest., Published as part of Massa, Bruno, 2022, On some interesting Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae and Acrididae from tropical Africa, pp. 152-160 in Zootaxa 5178 (2) on pages 156-158, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5178.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7022221