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1. Surface EMG-Based Inter-Session/Inter-Subject Gesture Recognition by Leveraging Lightweight All-ConvNet and Transfer Learning

Author

Islam, Md. Rabiul, Massicotte, Daniel, Massicotte, Philippe Y., and Zhu, Wei-Ping

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing
Abstract

Gesture recognition using low-resolution instantaneous HD-sEMG images opens up new avenues for the development of more fluid and natural muscle-computer interfaces. However, the data variability between inter-session and inter-subject scenarios presents a great challenge. The existing approaches employed very large and complex deep ConvNet or 2SRNN-based domain adaptation methods to approximate the distribution shift caused by these inter-session and inter-subject data variability. Hence, these methods also require learning over millions of training parameters and a large pre-trained and target domain dataset in both the pre-training and adaptation stages. As a result, it makes high-end resource-bounded and computationally very expensive for deployment in real-time applications. To overcome this problem, we propose a lightweight All-ConvNet+TL model that leverages lightweight All-ConvNet and transfer learning (TL) for the enhancement of inter-session and inter-subject gesture recognition performance. The All-ConvNet+TL model consists solely of convolutional layers, a simple yet efficient framework for learning invariant and discriminative representations to address the distribution shifts caused by inter-session and inter-subject data variability. Experiments on four datasets demonstrate that our proposed methods outperform the most complex existing approaches by a large margin and achieve state-of-the-art results on inter-session and inter-subject scenarios and perform on par or competitively on intra-session gesture recognition. These performance gaps increase even more when a tiny amount (e.g., a single trial) of data is available on the target domain for adaptation. These outstanding experimental results provide evidence that the current state-of-the-art models may be overparameterized for sEMG-based inter-session and inter-subject gesture recognition tasks.

Published
2023

3. S-ConvNet: A Shallow Convolutional Neural Network Architecture for Neuromuscular Activity Recognition Using Instantaneous High-Density Surface EMG Images

Author

Islam, Md. Rabiul, Massicotte, Daniel, Nougarou, Francois, Massicotte, Philippe, and Zhu, Wei-Ping

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

The concept of neuromuscular activity recognition using instantaneous high-density surface electromyography (HD-sEMG) images opens up new avenues for the development of more fluid and natural muscle-computer interfaces. However, the existing approaches employed a very large deep convolutional neural network (ConvNet) architecture and complex training schemes for HD-sEMG image recognition, which requires the network architecture to be pre-trained on a very large-scale labeled training dataset, as a result, it makes computationally very expensive. To overcome this problem, we propose S-ConvNet and All-ConvNet models, a simple yet efficient framework for learning instantaneous HD-sEMG images from scratch for neuromuscular activity recognition. Without using any pre-trained models, our proposed S-ConvNet and All-ConvNet demonstrate very competitive recognition accuracy to the more complex state of the art for neuromuscular activity recognition based on instantaneous HD-sEMG images, while using a ~ 12 x smaller dataset and reducing learning parameters to a large extent. The experimental results proved that the S-ConvNet and All-ConvNet are highly effective for learning discriminative features for instantaneous HD-sEMG image recognition especially in the data and high-end resource constrained scenarios.

Published
2019

4. A High-Resolution Model of the Human Entorhinal Cortex in the ‘BigBrain’ – Use Case for Machine Learning and 3D Analyses

Author

Behuet, Sabrina, Bludau, Sebastian, Kedo, Olga, Schiffer, Christian, Dickscheid, Timo, Brandstetter, Andrea, Massicotte, Philippe, Omidyeganeh, Mona, Evans, Alan, Amunts, Katrin, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Amunts, Katrin, editor, Grandinetti, Lucio, editor, Lippert, Thomas, editor, and Petkov, Nicolai, editor

Published
2021
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13. Nunataryuk field campaigns: understanding the origin and fate of terrestrial organic matter in the coastal waters of the Mackenzie Delta region

Author

Lizotte, Martine, primary, Juhls, Bennet, additional, Matsuoka, Atsushi, additional, Massicotte, Philippe, additional, Mével, Gaëlle, additional, Anikina, David Obie James, additional, Antonova, Sofia, additional, Bécu, Guislain, additional, Béguin, Marine, additional, Bélanger, Simon, additional, Bossé-Demers, Thomas, additional, Bröder, Lisa, additional, Bruyant, Flavienne, additional, Chaillou, Gwénaëlle, additional, Comte, Jérôme, additional, Couture, Raoul-Marie, additional, Devred, Emmanuel, additional, Deslongchamps, Gabrièle, additional, Dezutter, Thibaud, additional, Dillon, Miles, additional, Doxaran, David, additional, Flamand, Aude, additional, Fell, Frank, additional, Ferland, Joannie, additional, Forget, Marie-Hélène, additional, Fritz, Michael, additional, Gordon, Thomas J., additional, Guilmette, Caroline, additional, Hilborn, Andrea, additional, Hussherr, Rachel, additional, Irish, Charlotte, additional, Joux, Fabien, additional, Kipp, Lauren, additional, Laberge-Carignan, Audrey, additional, Lantuit, Hugues, additional, Leymarie, Edouard, additional, Mannino, Antonio, additional, Maury, Juliette, additional, Overduin, Paul, additional, Oziel, Laurent, additional, Stedmon, Colin, additional, Thomas, Crystal, additional, Tisserand, Lucas, additional, Tremblay, Jean-Éric, additional, Vonk, Jorien, additional, Whalen, Dustin, additional, and Babin, Marcel, additional

Published
2023
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14. Nunataryuk field campaigns: understanding the origin and fate of terrestrial organic matter in the coastal waters of the Mackenzie Delta region

Author

Lizotte, Martine, Juhls, Bennet, Matsuoka, Atsushi, Massicotte, Philippe, Mével, Gaëlle, Anikina, David Obie James, Antonova, Sofia, Bécu, Guislain, Béguin, Marine, Bélanger, Simon, Bossé-Demers, Thomas, Bröder, Lisa, Bruyant, Flavienne, Chaillou, Gwénaëlle, Comte, Jérôme, Couture, Raoul-Marie, Devred, Emmanuel, Deslongchamps, Gabrièle, Dezutter, Thibaud, Dillon, Miles, Doxaran, David, Flamand, Aude, Fell, Frank, Ferland, Joannie, Forget, Marie-Hélène, Fritz, Michael, Gordon, Thomas J, Guilmette, Caroline, Hilborn, Andrea, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Charlotte, Joux, Fabien, Kipp, Lauren, Laberge-Carignan, Audrey, Lantuit, Hugues, Leymarie, Edouard, Mannino, Antonio, Maury, Juliette, Overduin, Paul, Oziel, Laurent, Stedmon, Colin, Thomas, Crystal, Tisserand, Lucas, Tremblay, Jean-Éric, Vonk, Jorien, Whalen, Dustin, Babin, Marcel, Lizotte, Martine, Juhls, Bennet, Matsuoka, Atsushi, Massicotte, Philippe, Mével, Gaëlle, Anikina, David Obie James, Antonova, Sofia, Bécu, Guislain, Béguin, Marine, Bélanger, Simon, Bossé-Demers, Thomas, Bröder, Lisa, Bruyant, Flavienne, Chaillou, Gwénaëlle, Comte, Jérôme, Couture, Raoul-Marie, Devred, Emmanuel, Deslongchamps, Gabrièle, Dezutter, Thibaud, Dillon, Miles, Doxaran, David, Flamand, Aude, Fell, Frank, Ferland, Joannie, Forget, Marie-Hélène, Fritz, Michael, Gordon, Thomas J, Guilmette, Caroline, Hilborn, Andrea, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Charlotte, Joux, Fabien, Kipp, Lauren, Laberge-Carignan, Audrey, Lantuit, Hugues, Leymarie, Edouard, Mannino, Antonio, Maury, Juliette, Overduin, Paul, Oziel, Laurent, Stedmon, Colin, Thomas, Crystal, Tisserand, Lucas, Tremblay, Jean-Éric, Vonk, Jorien, Whalen, Dustin, and Babin, Marcel

Abstract

Climate warming and related drivers of soil thermal change in the Arctic are expected to modify the distribution and dynamics of carbon contained in perennially frozen grounds. Thawing of permafrost in the Mackenzie River watershed of northwestern Canada, coupled with increases in river discharge and coastal erosion, triggers the release of terrestrial organic matter (OMt) from the largest Arctic drainage basin in North America into the Arctic Ocean. While this process is ongoing and its rate is accelerating, the fate of the newly mobilized organic matter as it transits from the watershed through the delta and into the marine system remains poorly understood. In the framework of the European Horizon 2020 Nunataryuk programme, and as part of the Work Package 4 (WP4) Coastal Waters theme, four field expeditions were conducted in the Mackenzie Delta region and southern Beaufort Sea from April to September 2019. The temporal sampling design allowed the survey of ambient conditions in the coastal waters under full ice cover prior to the spring freshet, during ice breakup in summer, and anterior to the freeze-up period in fall. To capture the fluvial-marine transition zone, and with distinct challenges related to shallow waters and changing seasonal and meteorological conditions, the field sampling was conducted in close partnership with members of the communities of Aklavik, Inuvik and Tuktoyaktuk, using several platforms, namely helicopters, snowmobiles, and small boats. Water column profiles of physical and optical variables were measured in situ, while surface water, groundwater, and sediment samples were collected and preserved for the determination of the composition and sources of OMt, including particulate and dissolved organic carbon (POC and DOC), and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), as well as a suite of physical, chemical, and biological variables. Here we present an overview of the standardized datasets, including hydrographic profiles, remote sensing

Published
2023

15. Nunataryuk field campaigns:understanding the origin and fate of terrestrial organic matter in the coastal waters of the Mackenzie Delta region

Author

Lizotte, Martine, Juhls, Bennet, Matsuoka, Atsushi, Massicotte, Philippe, Mével, Gaëlle, Anikina, David Obie James, Antonova, Sofia, Bécu, Guislain, Béguin, Marine, Bélanger, Simon, Bossé-Demers, Thomas, Bröder, Lisa, Bruyant, Flavienne, Chaillou, Gwénaëlle, Comte, Jérôme, Couture, Raoul Marie, Devred, Emmanuel, Deslongchamps, Gabrièle, Dezutter, Thibaud, Dillon, Miles, Doxaran, David, Flamand, Aude, Fell, Frank, Ferland, Joannie, Forget, Marie Hélène, Fritz, Michael, Gordon, Thomas J., Guilmette, Caroline, Hilborn, Andrea, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Charlotte, Joux, Fabien, Kipp, Lauren, Laberge-Carignan, Audrey, Lantuit, Hugues, Leymarie, Edouard, Mannino, Antonio, Maury, Juliette, Overduin, Paul, Oziel, Laurent, Stedmon, Colin, Thomas, Crystal, Tisserand, Lucas, Tremblay, Jean Éric, Vonk, Jorien, Whalen, Dustin, Babin, Marcel, Lizotte, Martine, Juhls, Bennet, Matsuoka, Atsushi, Massicotte, Philippe, Mével, Gaëlle, Anikina, David Obie James, Antonova, Sofia, Bécu, Guislain, Béguin, Marine, Bélanger, Simon, Bossé-Demers, Thomas, Bröder, Lisa, Bruyant, Flavienne, Chaillou, Gwénaëlle, Comte, Jérôme, Couture, Raoul Marie, Devred, Emmanuel, Deslongchamps, Gabrièle, Dezutter, Thibaud, Dillon, Miles, Doxaran, David, Flamand, Aude, Fell, Frank, Ferland, Joannie, Forget, Marie Hélène, Fritz, Michael, Gordon, Thomas J., Guilmette, Caroline, Hilborn, Andrea, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Charlotte, Joux, Fabien, Kipp, Lauren, Laberge-Carignan, Audrey, Lantuit, Hugues, Leymarie, Edouard, Mannino, Antonio, Maury, Juliette, Overduin, Paul, Oziel, Laurent, Stedmon, Colin, Thomas, Crystal, Tisserand, Lucas, Tremblay, Jean Éric, Vonk, Jorien, Whalen, Dustin, and Babin, Marcel

Abstract

Climate warming and related drivers of soil thermal change in the Arctic are expected to modify the distribution and dynamics of carbon contained in perennially frozen grounds. Thawing of permafrost in the Mackenzie River watershed of northwestern Canada, coupled with increases in river discharge and coastal erosion, triggers the release of terrestrial organic matter (OMt) from the largest Arctic drainage basin in North America into the Arctic Ocean. While this process is ongoing and its rate is accelerating, the fate of the newly mobilized organic matter as it transits from the watershed through the delta and into the marine system remains poorly understood. In the framework of the European Horizon 2020 Nunataryuk programme, and as part of the Work Package 4 (WP4) Coastal Waters theme, four field expeditions were conducted in the Mackenzie Delta region and southern Beaufort Sea from April to September 2019. The temporal sampling design allowed the survey of ambient conditions in the coastal waters under full ice cover prior to the spring freshet, during ice breakup in summer, and anterior to the freeze-up period in fall. To capture the fluvial-marine transition zone, and with distinct challenges related to shallow waters and changing seasonal and meteorological conditions, the field sampling was conducted in close partnership with members of the communities of Aklavik, Inuvik and Tuktoyaktuk, using several platforms, namely helicopters, snowmobiles, and small boats. Water column profiles of physical and optical variables were measured in situ, while surface water, groundwater, and sediment samples were collected and preserved for the determination of the composition and sources of OMt, including particulate and dissolved organic carbon (POC and DOC), and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), as well as a suite of physical, chemical, and biological variables. Here we present an overview of the standardized datasets, including hydrographic profiles, remote sens

Published
2023

18. CDOM spectral slope (S275–295) as tracers of water masses, CDOM heterogeneity, and Δ14C‐DOC in an oligotrophic marginal sea.

Author

Song, Guisheng, Yang, Fangming, Massicotte, Philippe, Wei, Hao, and Xie, Huixiang

Subjects
WATER masses, DISSOLVED organic matter, FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy, HETEROGENEITY
Abstract

The absorption spectral slope, S275–295, is an optical metric frequently employed for characterizing chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). We collected CDOM absorption (aCDOM) and fluorescence spectra from the oligotrophic offshore South China Sea to identify the major determinant of S275–295 and to explore the potential of S275–295 as physical and biogeochemical tracers. S275–295 linearly decreased with increasing humic‐like fluorescent DOM, revealing the latter as the primary control on S275–295. The variability of S275–295 consistently declined from the surface to deep water, making S275–295 a potential indicator of CDOM molecular heterogeneity. The S275–295 vs. aCDOM plot was found to be a useful tool for characterizing water masses. The 14C content of dissolved organic carbon (Δ14C‐DOC) shows a strong correlation to S275–295, demonstrating S275–295 to be a proxy of the 14C‐age of DOM. A provisional equation, ln(−Δ14C‐DOC) = (−0.85 ± 0.06) × ln(S275–295) + (8.78 ± 0.19), was proposed to estimate Δ14C‐DOC from S275–295 for global oligotrophic oceans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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22. Layered Surface Fluid Simulation for Surgical Training

Author

Borgeat, Louis, Massicotte, Philippe, Poirier, Guillaume, Godin, Guy, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Fichtinger, Gabor, editor, Martel, Anne, editor, and Peters, Terry, editor

Published
2011
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23. Zooplankton assemblages along the North American Arctic: Ecological connectivity shaped by ocean circulation and bathymetry from the Chukchi Sea to Labrador Sea

Author

Darnis, Gérald, Geoffroy, Maxime, Dezutter, Thibaud, Aubry, Cyril, Massicotte, Philippe, Brown, Tanya, Babin, Marcel, Cote, David, and Fortier, Louis

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Environmental Engineering, Ecology, Geology, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Oceanography
Abstract

We defined mesozooplankton biogeography in the North American Arctic to elucidate drivers of biodiversity, community structure, and biomass of this key component of the Arctic marine ecosystem. A multivariate analysis identified four mesozooplankton assemblages: Arctic-oceanic, Arctic-shelf, Coastal-Hudson, and Labrador Sea. Bathymetry was a major driver of the distribution of these assemblages. In shallow waters, Cirripedia and the copepod Pseudocalanus spp. dominated the Coastal-Hudson and Arctic-shelf assemblages, which showed low species richness (19) and biomass (0.28 and 1.49 g C m-2 , respectively).The Arctic-oceanic assemblage occupied the entire North American Arctic, except for shallow breaks in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago downstream of sills blocking the Atlantic Water layer circulation below a depth of 200 m. This assemblage showed high copepod biomass (4.74 g C m-2 ) with a high share of Calanus hyperboreus, C. glacialis, and Metridia longa. In habitats below 200-m depth, C. hyperboreus represented 68% of the copepod biomass, underscoring its role as a keystone species in this ecosystem. Strong numerical representation by the borealAtlantic C. finmarchicus and Oithona atlantica stressed the strong Atlantic influence on the subarctic Labrador Sea assemblage on the northwestern Labrador Sea slope. The mixed Arctic-Atlantic composition of the Labrador Sea mesozooplankton resulted in high species richness (58) and biomass (5.73 g C m-2 ). The low abundance of Atlantic and Pacific taxa in the areas influenced by Arctic currents did not alter the Arctic status of the Arctic-oceanic, Arctic-shelf, and Coastal-Hudson assemblages.This study identifies hotspots of mesozooplankton biomass and diversity in Central Amundsen Gulf, Lancaster Sound, North Water Polynya and Baffin Bay, known for their high biological productivity and concentrations of vertebrate predators. The continental-scale zooplankton mapping furthers our understanding of the importance of bathymetry and ocean circulation for ecological connectivity in a vast and complex portion of the Arctic marine ecosystem.

Published
2022

24. The Green Edge cruise: investigating the marginal ice zone processes during late spring and early summer to understand the fate of the Arctic phytoplankton bloom

Author

Bruyant, Flavienne, primary, Amiraux, Rémi, additional, Amyot, Marie-Pier, additional, Archambault, Philippe, additional, Artigue, Lise, additional, Barbedo de Freitas, Lucas, additional, Bécu, Guislain, additional, Bélanger, Simon, additional, Bourgain, Pascaline, additional, Bricaud, Annick, additional, Brouard, Etienne, additional, Brunet, Camille, additional, Burgers, Tonya, additional, Caleb, Danielle, additional, Chalut, Katrine, additional, Claustre, Hervé, additional, Cornet-Barthaux, Véronique, additional, Coupel, Pierre, additional, Cusa, Marine, additional, Cusset, Fanny, additional, Dadaglio, Laeticia, additional, Davelaar, Marty, additional, Deslongchamps, Gabrièle, additional, Dimier, Céline, additional, Dinasquet, Julie, additional, Dumont, Dany, additional, Else, Brent, additional, Eulaers, Igor, additional, Ferland, Joannie, additional, Filteau, Gabrielle, additional, Forget, Marie-Hélène, additional, Fort, Jérome, additional, Fortier, Louis, additional, Galí, Martí, additional, Gallinari, Morgane, additional, Garbus, Svend-Erik, additional, Garcia, Nicole, additional, Gérikas Ribeiro, Catherine, additional, Gombault, Colline, additional, Gourvil, Priscilla, additional, Goyens, Clémence, additional, Grant, Cindy, additional, Grondin, Pierre-Luc, additional, Guillot, Pascal, additional, Hillion, Sandrine, additional, Hussherr, Rachel, additional, Joux, Fabien, additional, Joy-Warren, Hannah, additional, Joyal, Gabriel, additional, Kieber, David, additional, Lafond, Augustin, additional, Lagunas, José, additional, Lajeunesse, Patrick, additional, Lalande, Catherine, additional, Larivière, Jade, additional, Le Gall, Florence, additional, Leblanc, Karine, additional, Leblanc, Mathieu, additional, Legras, Justine, additional, Lévesque, Keith, additional, Lewis, Kate-M., additional, Leymarie, Edouard, additional, Leynaert, Aude, additional, Linkowski, Thomas, additional, Lizotte, Martine, additional, Lopes dos Santos, Adriana, additional, Marec, Claudie, additional, Marie, Dominique, additional, Massé, Guillaume, additional, Massicotte, Philippe, additional, Matsuoka, Atsushi, additional, Miller, Lisa A., additional, Mirshak, Sharif, additional, Morata, Nathalie, additional, Moriceau, Brivaela, additional, Morin, Philippe-Israël, additional, Morisset, Simon, additional, Mosbech, Anders, additional, Mucci, Alfonso, additional, Nadaï, Gabrielle, additional, Nozais, Christian, additional, Obernosterer, Ingrid, additional, Paire, Thimoté, additional, Panagiotopoulos, Christos, additional, Parenteau, Marie, additional, Pelletier, Noémie, additional, Picheral, Marc, additional, Quéguiner, Bernard, additional, Raimbault, Patrick, additional, Ras, Joséphine, additional, Rehm, Eric, additional, Ribot Lacosta, Llúcia, additional, Rontani, Jean-François, additional, Saint-Béat, Blanche, additional, Sansoulet, Julie, additional, Sardet, Noé, additional, Schmechtig, Catherine, additional, Sciandra, Antoine, additional, Sempéré, Richard, additional, Sévigny, Caroline, additional, Toullec, Jordan, additional, Tragin, Margot, additional, Tremblay, Jean-Éric, additional, Trottier, Annie-Pier, additional, Vaulot, Daniel, additional, Vladoiu, Anda, additional, Xue, Lei, additional, Yunda-Guarin, Gustavo, additional, and Babin, Marcel, additional

Published
2022
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26. The Coastal Surveillance Through Observation of Ocean Color (COASTℓOOC) dataset.

Author

Massicotte, Philippe, Babin, Marcel, Fell, Frank, Fournier-Sicre, Vincent, and Doxaran, David

Subjects
*COASTAL surveillance, *OCEAN color, *OPTICAL properties, *SEA lions, *CHEMICAL properties, *OCEAN
Abstract

Coastal Surveillance Through Observation of Ocean Color (COASTℓOOC) oceanographic expeditions were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to examine the relationship between the optical properties of seawater and related biological and chemical properties across the coastal to open-ocean gradient in various European seas. A total of 379 stations were visited along the coasts of the Gulf of Lion in the Mediterranean Sea (n=61), the Adriatic Sea (n=39), the Baltic Sea (n=57), the North Sea (n=99), the English Channel (n=85), and the Atlantic Ocean (n=38). Particular emphasis was placed on the collection of a comprehensive set of apparent and inherent optical properties (AOPs and IOPs) to support the development of ocean color remote-sensing algorithms. The data were collected in situ using traditional ship-based sampling but also from a helicopter, which is a very efficient means for that type of coastal sampling. The dataset collected during the COASTℓOOC campaigns is unique in that it is fully consistent in terms of operators, protocols, and instrumentation. This rich and historical dataset is still today frequently requested and used by other researchers. Therefore, we present the result of an effort to compile and standardize a dataset which will facilitate its reuse in future development and evaluation of new bio-optical models adapted for optically complex waters. The dataset is available at 10.17882/93570. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. Aspects-Classes Integration Testing Strategy: An Incremental Approach

Author

Massicotte, Philippe, Badri, Linda, Badri, Mourad, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Dough, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Guelfi, Nicolas, editor, and Savidis, Anthony, editor

Published
2006
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31. Nunataryuk field campaigns: Understanding the origin and fate of terrestrial organic matter in the coastal waters of the Mackenzie Delta region

Author

Lizotte, Martine, primary, Juhls, Bennet, additional, Matsuoka, Atsushi, additional, Massicotte, Philippe, additional, Mével, Gaëlle, additional, Anikina, David Obie James, additional, Antonova, Sofia, additional, Bécu, Guislain, additional, Béguin, Marine, additional, Bélanger, Simon, additional, Bossé-Demers, Thomas, additional, Bröder, Lisa, additional, Bruyant, Flavienne, additional, Chaillou, Gwénaëlle, additional, Comte, Jérôme, additional, Couture, Raoul-Marie, additional, Devred, Emmanuel, additional, Deslongchamps, Gabrièle, additional, Dezutter, Thibaud, additional, Dillon, Miles, additional, Doxaran, David, additional, Flamand, Aude, additional, Fell, Frank, additional, Ferland, Joannie, additional, Forget, Marie-Hélène, additional, Fritz, Michael, additional, Gordon, Thomas J., additional, Guilmette, Caroline, additional, Hilborn, Andrea, additional, Hussherr, Rachel, additional, Irish, Charlotte, additional, Joux, Fabien, additional, Kipp, Lauren, additional, Laberge-Carignan, Audrey, additional, Lantuit, Hugues, additional, Leymarie, Edouard, additional, Mannino, Antonio, additional, Maury, Juliette, additional, Overduin, Paul, additional, Oziel, Laurent, additional, Stedmon, Colin, additional, Thomas, Crystal, additional, Tisserand, Lucas, additional, Tremblay, Jean-Éric, additional, Vonk, Jorien, additional, Whalen, Dustin, additional, and Babin, Marcel, additional

Published
2022
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33. Cytoarchitectonic Maps of the Human Metathalamus in 3D Space

Author

Kiwitz, Kai, Brandstetter, Andrea, Schiffer, Christian, Bludau, Sebastian, Mohlberg, Hartmut, Omidyeganeh, Mona, Massicotte, Philippe, and Amunts, Katrin

Subjects
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, medial geniculate body, 3D histology, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), BigBrain, human, ddc:610, lateral geniculate body, Anatomy, metathalamus, cytoarchitectonic maps
Abstract

The human metathalamus plays an important role in processing visual and auditory information. Understanding its layers and subdivisions is important to gain insights in its function as a subcortical relay station and involvement in various pathologies. Yet, detailed histological references of the microanatomy in 3D space are still missing. We therefore aim at providing cytoarchitectonic maps of the medial geniculate body (MGB) and its subdivisions in the BigBrain – a high-resolution 3D-reconstructed histological model of the human brain, as well as probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps of the MGB and lateral geniculate body (LGB). Therefore, histological sections of ten postmortem brains were studied. Three MGB subdivisions (MGBv, MGBd, MGBm) were identified on every 5th BigBrain section, and a deep-learning based tool was applied to map them on every remaining section. The maps were 3D-reconstructed to show the shape and extent of the MGB and its subdivisions with cellular precision. The LGB and MGB were additionally identified in nine other postmortem brains. Probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps in the MNI “Colin27” and MNI ICBM152 reference spaces were computed which reveal an overall low interindividual variability in topography and extent. The probabilistic maps were included into the Julich-Brain atlas, and are freely available. They can be linked to other 3D data of human brain organization and serve as an anatomical reference for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic neuroimaging studies of healthy brains and patients. Furthermore, the high-resolution MGB BigBrain maps provide a basis for data integration, brain modeling and simulation to bridge the larger scale involvement of thalamocortical and local subcortical circuits.

Published
2022

34. The Green Edge cruise: investigating the marginal ice zone processes during late spring and early summer to understand the fate of the Arctic phytoplankton bloom

Author

Bruyant, Flavienne, Amiraux, Rémi, Amyot, Marie-pier, Archambault, Philippe, Artigue, Lise, Barbedo De Freitas, Lucas, Bécu, Guislain, Bélanger, Simon, Bourgain, Pascaline, Bricaud, Annick, Brouard, Etienne, Brunet, Camille, Burgers, Tonya, Caleb, Danielle, Chalut, Katrine, Claustre, Hervé, Cornet-barthaux, Véronique, Coupel, Pierre, Cusa, Marine, Cusset, Fanny, Dadaglio, Laeticia, Davelaar, Marty, Deslongchamps, Gabrièle, Dimier, Céline, Dinasquet, Julie, Dumont, Dany, Else, Brent, Eulaers, Igor, Ferland, Joannie, Filteau, Gabrielle, Forget, Marie-hélène, Fort, Jérome, Fortier, Louis, Galí, Martí, Gallinari, Morgane, Garbus, Svend-erik, Garcia, Nicole, Gérikas Ribeiro, Catherine, Gombault, Colline, Gourvil, Priscilla, Goyens, Clémence, Grant, Cindy, Grondin, Pierre-luc, Guillot, Pascal, Hillion, Sandrine, Hussherr, Rachel, Joux, Fabien, Joy-warren, Hannah, Joyal, Gabriel, Kieber, David, Lafond, Augustin, Lagunas, José, Lajeunesse, Patrick, Lalande, Catherine, Larivière, Jade, Le Gall, Florence, Leblanc, Karine, Leblanc, Mathieu, Legras, Justine, Lévesque, Keith, Lewis, Kate-m., Leymarie, Edouard, Leynaert, Aude, Linkowski, Thomas, Lizotte, Martine, Lopes Dos Santos, Adriana, Marec, Claudie, Marie, Dominique, Massé, Guillaume, Massicotte, Philippe, Matsuoka, Atsushi, Miller, Lisa A., Mirshak, Sharif, Morata, Nathalie, Moriceau, Brivaela, Morin, Philippe-israël, Morisset, Simon, Mosbech, Anders, Mucci, Alfonso, Nadaï, Gabrielle, Nozais, Christian, Obernosterer, Ingrid, Paire, Thimoté, Panagiotopoulos, Christos, Parenteau, Marie, Pelletier, Noémie, Picheral, Marc, Quéguiner, Bernard, Raimbault, Patrick, Ras, Joséphine, Rehm, Eric, Ribot Lacosta, Llúcia, Rontani, Jean-françois, Saint Beat, Blanche, Sansoulet, Julie, Sardet, Noé, Schmechtig, Catherine, Sciandra, Antoine, Sempéré, Richard, Sévigny, Caroline, Toullec, Jordan, Tragin, Margot, Tremblay, Jean-éric, Trottier, Annie-pier, Vaulot, Daniel, Vladoiu, Anda, Xue, Lei, Yunda-guarin, Gustavo, Babin, Marcel, Bruyant, Flavienne, Amiraux, Rémi, Amyot, Marie-pier, Archambault, Philippe, Artigue, Lise, Barbedo De Freitas, Lucas, Bécu, Guislain, Bélanger, Simon, Bourgain, Pascaline, Bricaud, Annick, Brouard, Etienne, Brunet, Camille, Burgers, Tonya, Caleb, Danielle, Chalut, Katrine, Claustre, Hervé, Cornet-barthaux, Véronique, Coupel, Pierre, Cusa, Marine, Cusset, Fanny, Dadaglio, Laeticia, Davelaar, Marty, Deslongchamps, Gabrièle, Dimier, Céline, Dinasquet, Julie, Dumont, Dany, Else, Brent, Eulaers, Igor, Ferland, Joannie, Filteau, Gabrielle, Forget, Marie-hélène, Fort, Jérome, Fortier, Louis, Galí, Martí, Gallinari, Morgane, Garbus, Svend-erik, Garcia, Nicole, Gérikas Ribeiro, Catherine, Gombault, Colline, Gourvil, Priscilla, Goyens, Clémence, Grant, Cindy, Grondin, Pierre-luc, Guillot, Pascal, Hillion, Sandrine, Hussherr, Rachel, Joux, Fabien, Joy-warren, Hannah, Joyal, Gabriel, Kieber, David, Lafond, Augustin, Lagunas, José, Lajeunesse, Patrick, Lalande, Catherine, Larivière, Jade, Le Gall, Florence, Leblanc, Karine, Leblanc, Mathieu, Legras, Justine, Lévesque, Keith, Lewis, Kate-m., Leymarie, Edouard, Leynaert, Aude, Linkowski, Thomas, Lizotte, Martine, Lopes Dos Santos, Adriana, Marec, Claudie, Marie, Dominique, Massé, Guillaume, Massicotte, Philippe, Matsuoka, Atsushi, Miller, Lisa A., Mirshak, Sharif, Morata, Nathalie, Moriceau, Brivaela, Morin, Philippe-israël, Morisset, Simon, Mosbech, Anders, Mucci, Alfonso, Nadaï, Gabrielle, Nozais, Christian, Obernosterer, Ingrid, Paire, Thimoté, Panagiotopoulos, Christos, Parenteau, Marie, Pelletier, Noémie, Picheral, Marc, Quéguiner, Bernard, Raimbault, Patrick, Ras, Joséphine, Rehm, Eric, Ribot Lacosta, Llúcia, Rontani, Jean-françois, Saint Beat, Blanche, Sansoulet, Julie, Sardet, Noé, Schmechtig, Catherine, Sciandra, Antoine, Sempéré, Richard, Sévigny, Caroline, Toullec, Jordan, Tragin, Margot, Tremblay, Jean-éric, Trottier, Annie-pier, Vaulot, Daniel, Vladoiu, Anda, Xue, Lei, Yunda-guarin, Gustavo, and Babin, Marcel

Abstract

The Green Edge project was designed to investigate the onset, life, and fate of a phytoplankton spring bloom (PSB) in the Arctic Ocean. The lengthening of the ice-free period and the warming of seawater, amongst other factors, have induced major changes in Arctic Ocean biology over the last decades. Because the PSB is at the base of the Arctic Ocean food chain, it is crucial to understand how changes in the Arctic environment will affect it. Green Edge was a large multidisciplinary, collaborative project bringing researchers and technicians from 28 different institutions in seven countries together, aiming at understanding these changes and their impacts on the future. The fieldwork for the Green Edge project took place over two years (2015 and 2016) and was carried out from both an ice camp and a research vessel in Baffin Bay, in the Canadian Arctic. This paper describes the sampling strategy and the dataset obtained from the research cruise, which took place aboard the Canadian Coast Guard ship (CCGS) Amundsen in late spring and early summer 2016. The sampling strategy was designed around the repetitive, perpendicular crossing of the marginal ice zone (MIZ), using not only ship-based station discrete sampling but also high-resolution measurements from autonomous platforms (Gliders, BGC-Argo floats …) and under-way monitoring systems. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.17882/86417 (Bruyant et al., 2022).

Published
2022
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35. Green Edge ice camp campaigns : understanding the processes controlling the under-ice Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom

Author

Massicotte, Philippe, Amiraux, Rémi, Amyot, Marie-Pier, Archambault, Philippe, Aubry, Cyril, Ayotte, Pierre, Bécu, Guislain, Bélanger, Simon, Bruyant, Flavienne, Christiansen-Stowe, Debra, Coupel, Pierre, Dezutter, Thibaud, Dominé, Florent, Dufour, Francis, Dufresne, Christiane, Dumont, Dany, Ferland, Joannie, Forget, Marie-Hélène, Fortier, Louis, Galí, Martí, Galindo, Virginie, Gourdal, Margaux, Grondin, Pierre-Luc, Guillot, Pascal, Guilmette, Caroline, Lacour, Léo, Lagunas, José Luis, Lalande, Catherine, Laliberté, Julien, Lambert Girard, Simon, Larivière, Jade, Lavaud, Johann, LeBaron, Anita, Lemire, Mélanie, Levasseur, Maurice, Marec, Claudie, Massé, Guillaume, Matsuoka, Atsushi, Neukermans, Griet, Oziel, Laurent, Rehm, Eric Carl, Reimer, Erin, Saint-Béat, Blanche, Sansoulet, Julie, Tremblay, Jean-Éric, Verin, Gauthier, Babin, Marcel, Massicotte, Philippe, Amiraux, Rémi, Amyot, Marie-Pier, Archambault, Philippe, Aubry, Cyril, Ayotte, Pierre, Bécu, Guislain, Bélanger, Simon, Bruyant, Flavienne, Christiansen-Stowe, Debra, Coupel, Pierre, Dezutter, Thibaud, Dominé, Florent, Dufour, Francis, Dufresne, Christiane, Dumont, Dany, Ferland, Joannie, Forget, Marie-Hélène, Fortier, Louis, Galí, Martí, Galindo, Virginie, Gourdal, Margaux, Grondin, Pierre-Luc, Guillot, Pascal, Guilmette, Caroline, Lacour, Léo, Lagunas, José Luis, Lalande, Catherine, Laliberté, Julien, Lambert Girard, Simon, Larivière, Jade, Lavaud, Johann, LeBaron, Anita, Lemire, Mélanie, Levasseur, Maurice, Marec, Claudie, Massé, Guillaume, Matsuoka, Atsushi, Neukermans, Griet, Oziel, Laurent, Rehm, Eric Carl, Reimer, Erin, Saint-Béat, Blanche, Sansoulet, Julie, Tremblay, Jean-Éric, Verin, Gauthier, and Babin, Marcel

Abstract

The Green Edge initiative was developed to investigate the processes controlling the primary productivity and fate of organic matter produced during the Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom (PSB) and to determine its role in the ecosystem. Two field campaigns were conducted in 2015 and 2016 at an ice camp located on landfast sea ice southeast of Qikiqtarjuaq Island in Baffin Bay (67.4797∘ N, 63.7895∘ W). During both expeditions, a large suite of physical, chemical and biological variables was measured beneath a consolidated sea-ice cover from the surface to the bottom (at 360 m depth) to better understand the factors driving the PSB. Key variables, such as conservative temperature, absolute salinity, radiance, irradiance, nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll a concentration, bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and taxonomy, and carbon stocks and fluxes were routinely measured at the ice camp. Meteorological and snow-relevant variables were also monitored. Here, we present the results of a joint effort to tidy and standardize the collected datasets, which will facilitate their reuse in other Arctic studies.

Published
2022

36. The COASTℓOOC project dataset.

Author

Massicotte, Philippe, Babin, Marcel, Fell, Frank, Fournier-Sicre, Vincent, and Doxaran, David

Subjects
*COASTAL surveillance, *OPTICAL properties, *REMOTE sensing, *SEA lions, *OCEAN color, *CHEMICAL properties
Abstract

Coastal Surveillance Through Observation of Ocean Color (COASTℓOOC) oceanographic expeditions were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to examine the relationship between the optical properties of seawater and related biological and chemical properties across the coastal-to-open ocean gradient along the European coasts. A total of 379 stations were visited along the coasts of the Gulf of Lion in the Mediterranean Sea (n = 61), Adriatic Sea (n = 39), Baltic Sea (n = 57), North Sea (n = 99), English Channel (n 5 = 85) and Atlantic Ocean (n = 38). A particular emphasis has been dedicated to the collection of a comprehensive set of apparent (AOPs) and inherent (IOPs) optical properties to support the development of ocean color remote sensing algorithms. The data were collected in situ using traditional ship-based sampling, but also from a helicopter, which is a very efficient means for that type of coastal sampling. The dataset collected during the COASTℓOOC campaigns is still today quite unique in that it is fully consistent in terms of operators, protocols, and instrumentation. This rich and historical dataset is still today frequently requested and used by other researchers. Therefore, we present the result of an effort to compile and standardize a dataset which will facilitate their reuse in future development and evaluation of new bio-optical models adapted for optically-complex waters. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.17882/93570 (Massicotte et al., 2023). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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38. The Green Edge cruise: Understanding the onset, life and fate of the Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom

Author

Bruyant, Flavienne, primary, Amiraux, Rémi, additional, Amyot, Marie-Pier, additional, Archambault, Philippe, additional, Artigue, Lise, additional, Bardedo de Freitas, Lucas, additional, Bécu, Guislain, additional, Bélanger, Simon, additional, Bourgain, Pascaline, additional, Bricaud, Annick, additional, Brouard, Etienne, additional, Brunet, Camille, additional, Burgers, Tonya, additional, Caleb, Danielle, additional, Chalut, Katrine, additional, Clautre, Hervé, additional, Cornet-Barthaux, Véronique, additional, Coupel, Pierre, additional, Cusa, Marine, additional, Cusset, Fanny, additional, Dadaglio, Laeticia, additional, Davelaar, Marty, additional, Deslongchamps, Gabriele, additional, Dimier, Céline, additional, Dinasquet, Julie, additional, Dumont, Dany, additional, Else, Brent, additional, Eulaers, Igor, additional, Ferland, Joannie, additional, Filteau, Gabrielle, additional, Forget, Marie-Hélène, additional, Fort, Jérome, additional, Fortier, Louis, additional, Galí-Tapías, Martí, additional, Gallinari, Morgane, additional, Garbus, Svend-Erik, additional, Garcia, Nicole, additional, Gérikas Ribeiro, Catherine, additional, Gombault, Colline, additional, Gourvil, Priscilla, additional, Goyens, Clémence, additional, Grant, Cindy, additional, Grondin, Pierre-Luc, additional, Guillot, Pascal, additional, Hillion, Sandrine, additional, Hussher, Rachel, additional, Joux, Fabien, additional, Joy-Warren, Hannah, additional, Joyal, Gabriel, additional, Kieber, David, additional, Lafond, Augustin, additional, Lagunas, José, additional, Lajeunesse, Patrick, additional, Lalande, Catherine, additional, Larivière, Jade, additional, Le Gall, Florence, additional, Leblanc, Karine, additional, Leblanc, Mathieu, additional, Legras, Justine, additional, Levesque, Keith, additional, Lewis, Kate-Marie, additional, Leymarie, Edouard, additional, Leynaert, Aude, additional, Linkowski, Thomas, additional, Lizotte, Martine, additional, Lopes dos Santos, Adriana, additional, Marec, Claudie, additional, Marie, Dominique, additional, Massé, Guillaume, additional, Massicotte, Philippe, additional, Matsuoka, Atsushi, additional, Miller, Lisa, additional, Mirshak, Sharif, additional, Morata, Nathalie, additional, Moriceau, Brivaela, additional, Morin, Philippe-Israël, additional, Morisset, Simon, additional, Mosbech, Anders, additional, Mucci, Alfonso, additional, Nadaï, Gabrielle, additional, Nozais, Christian, additional, Obernosterer, Ingrid, additional, Paire, Timothe, additional, Panagiotopoulos, Christos, additional, Parenteau, Marie, additional, Pelletier, Noémie, additional, Picheral, Marc, additional, Quéguiner, Bernard, additional, Raimbault, Patrick, additional, Ras, Joséphine, additional, Rehm, Eric, additional, Ribot Lacosta, Llúcia, additional, Rontani, Jean-François, additional, Saint-Béat, Blanche, additional, Sansoulet, Julie, additional, Sardet, Noé, additional, Schmechtig, Catherine, additional, Sciandra, Antoine, additional, Sempéré, Richard, additional, Sévigny, Caroline, additional, Toullec, Jordan, additional, Tragin, Margot, additional, Tremblay, Jean-Eric, additional, Trottier, Annie-Pier, additional, Vaulot, Daniel, additional, Vladoiu, Anda, additional, Xue, Lei, additional, Yunda-Guarin, Gustavo, additional, and Babin, Marcel, additional

Published
2022
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41. Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring

Author

Ehrlich, Julia, Bluhm, B.A., Peeken, Ilka, Massicotte, Philippe, Schaafsma, F.L., Castellani, Giulia, Brandt, Angelika, Flores, Hauke, Ehrlich, Julia, Bluhm, B.A., Peeken, Ilka, Massicotte, Philippe, Schaafsma, F.L., Castellani, Giulia, Brandt, Angelika, and Flores, Hauke

Abstract

The Svalbard region faces drastic environmental changes, including sea-ice loss and “Atlantification” of Arctic waters, caused primarily by climate warming. These changes result in shifts in the sea-iceassociated (sympagic) community structure, with consequences for the sympagic food web and carbon cycling. To evaluate the role of sympagic biota as a source, sink, and transmitter of carbon, we sampled pack ice and under-ice water (0–2 m) north of Svalbard in spring 2015 by sea-ice coring and under-ice trawling. We estimated biomass and primary production of ice algae and under-ice phytoplankton as well as biomass, carbon demand, and secondary production of sea-ice meiofauna (>10 mm) and under-ice fauna (>300 mm). Sea-ice meiofauna biomass (0.1–2.8 mg C m–2) was dominated by harpacticoid copepods (92%), nauplii (4%), and Ciliophora (3%). Under-ice fauna biomass (3.2–62.7 mg C m–2) was dominated by Calanus copepods (54%). Appendicularia contributed 23% through their high abundance at one station. Herbivorous sympagic fauna dominated the carbon demand across the study area, estimated at 2 mg C m–2 day–1 for ice algae and 4 mg C m–2 day–1 for phytoplankton. This demand was covered by the mean primary production of ice algae (11 mg C m–2 day–1) and phytoplankton (30 mg C m–2 day–1). Hence, potentially 35 mg C m–2 day–1 of algal material could sink from the sympagic realm to deeper layers.The demand of carnivorous under-ice fauna (0.3 mg C m–2 day–1) was barely covered by sympagic secondary production (0.3 mg C m–2 day–1). Our study emphasizes the importance of under-ice fauna for the carbon flux from sea ice to pelagic and benthic habitats and provides a baseline for future comparisons in the context of climate change

Published
2021

43. Nunataryuk field campaigns: Understanding the origin and fate of terrestrial organic matter in the coastal waters of the Mackenzie Delta region.

Author

Lizotte, Martine, Juhls, Bennet, Atsushi Matsuoka, Massicotte, Philippe, Mével, Gaëlle, Anikina, David Obie James, Antonova, Sofia, Bécu, Guislain, Béguin, Marine, Bélanger, Simon, Bossé-Demers, Thomas, Bröder, Lisa, Bruyant, Flavienne, Chaillou, Gwénaëlle, Comte, Jérôme, Couture, Raoul-Marie, Devred, Emmanuel, Deslongchamps, Gabrièle, Dezutter, Thibaud, and Dillon, Miles

Subjects
CARBON content of water, PERMAFROST, COLLOIDAL carbon, DISSOLVED organic matter, WATERSHEDS, TERRITORIAL waters, TUNDRAS, SOIL sampling
Abstract

Climate warming and related drivers of soil thermal change in the Arctic are expected to modify the distribution and dynamics of carbon contained in perennially frozen grounds. Thawing of permafrost in the Mackenzie Delta region of northwestern Canada, coupled with increases in river discharge and coastal erosion, trigger the release of terrestrial organic matter (OMt) from the largest Arctic drainage basin in North America into the Arctic Ocean. While this process is ongoing, well-established, and its rate is accelerating, the fate of the newly-mobilized organic matter, as it transits from the watershed through the delta and into the marine system, remains poorly understood. In the framework of the European Horizon 2020 Nunataryuk programme, and as part of theWork Package 4 (WP4) CoastalWaters theme, four field expeditions were conducted in the Mackenzie Delta region and southern Beaufort Sea from April to September 2019. The temporal sampling design allowed the survey of ambient conditions in the coastal waters under full ice cover prior to the spring freshet, during ice break-up in summer, as well as anterior to the freeze-up period in fall. To capture the fluvial-marine transition zone, and with distinct challenges related to shallow waters and changing seasonal and meteorological conditions, the field sampling was conducted in close partnership with members of the communities of Aklavik, Inuvik and Tuktoyaktuk, using several platforms: helicopters, snowmobiles and small boats. Water column profiles of physical and optical variables were measured in situ, while surface water, groundwater and sediment samples were collected and preserved for the determination of the composition and sources of OMt, including particulate and dissolved organic carbon (POC, DOC), and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), as well as a suite of physical, chemical and biological variables. Here we present an overview of the standardized datasets, including hydrographic profiles, remote sensing reflectance, temperature and salinity, particle absorption, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, particulate organic nitrogen, colored dissolved organic matter absorption, fluorescent dissolved organic matter intensity, suspended particulate matter, total particulate carbon, total particulate nitrogen, stable water isotopes, radon in water, bacterial abundance, and a string of phytoplankton pigments including total chlorophyll. Datasets and related metadata can be found in Juhls et al. 2021. https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.937587. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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44. The MALINA oceanographic expedition: how do changes in ice cover, permafrost and UV radiation impact biodiversity and biogeochemical fluxes in the Arctic Ocean?

Author

Massicotte, Philippe, primary, Amon, Rainer M. W., additional, Antoine, David, additional, Archambault, Philippe, additional, Balzano, Sergio, additional, Bélanger, Simon, additional, Benner, Ronald, additional, Boeuf, Dominique, additional, Bricaud, Annick, additional, Bruyant, Flavienne, additional, Chaillou, Gwenaëlle, additional, Chami, Malik, additional, Charrière, Bruno, additional, Chen, Jing, additional, Claustre, Hervé, additional, Coupel, Pierre, additional, Delsaut, Nicole, additional, Doxaran, David, additional, Ehn, Jens, additional, Fichot, Cédric, additional, Forget, Marie-Hélène, additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Gagnon, Jonathan, additional, Garcia, Nicole, additional, Gasser, Beat, additional, Ghiglione, Jean-François, additional, Gorsky, Gaby, additional, Gosselin, Michel, additional, Gourvil, Priscillia, additional, Gratton, Yves, additional, Guillot, Pascal, additional, Heipieper, Hermann J., additional, Heussner, Serge, additional, Hooker, Stanford B., additional, Huot, Yannick, additional, Jeanthon, Christian, additional, Jeffrey, Wade, additional, Joux, Fabien, additional, Kawamura, Kimitaka, additional, Lansard, Bruno, additional, Leymarie, Edouard, additional, Link, Heike, additional, Lovejoy, Connie, additional, Marec, Claudie, additional, Marie, Dominique, additional, Martin, Johannie, additional, Martín, Jacobo, additional, Massé, Guillaume, additional, Matsuoka, Atsushi, additional, McKague, Vanessa, additional, Mignot, Alexandre, additional, Miller, William L., additional, Miquel, Juan-Carlos, additional, Mucci, Alfonso, additional, Ono, Kaori, additional, Ortega-Retuerta, Eva, additional, Panagiotopoulos, Christos, additional, Papakyriakou, Tim, additional, Picheral, Marc, additional, Prieur, Louis, additional, Raimbault, Patrick, additional, Ras, Joséphine, additional, Reynolds, Rick A., additional, Rochon, André, additional, Rontani, Jean-François, additional, Schmechtig, Catherine, additional, Schmidt, Sabine, additional, Sempéré, Richard, additional, Shen, Yuan, additional, Song, Guisheng, additional, Stramski, Dariusz, additional, Tachibana, Eri, additional, Thirouard, Alexandre, additional, Tolosa, Imma, additional, Tremblay, Jean-Éric, additional, Vaïtilingom, Mickael, additional, Vaulot, Daniel, additional, Vaultier, Frédéric, additional, Volkman, John K., additional, Xie, Huixiang, additional, Zheng, Guangming, additional, and Babin, Marcel, additional

Published
2021
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45. Visualizing and analyzing the Mona Lisa

Author

Borgeat, Louis, Godin, Guy, Massicotte, Philippe, Poirier, Guillaume, Blais, Francois, and Beraldin, Angelo J.

Subjects
Integrated circuit fabrication, Algorithm, Standard IC, Integrated circuit fabrication -- Analysis, Algorithms -- Analysis, Computer graphics -- Analysis, Integrated circuits -- Design and construction, Integrated circuits -- Analysis, Semiconductor chips -- Design and construction, Semiconductor chips -- Analysis
Published
2007

46. Large-Scale Variability of Physical and Biological Sea-Ice Properties in Polar Oceans

Author

Castellani, Giulia, Schaafsma, Fokje L., Arndt, Stefanie, Lange, Benjamin A., Peeken, Ilka, Ehrlich, Julia, David, Carmen, Ricker, Robert, Krumpen, Thomas, Hendricks, Stefan, Schwegmann, Sandra, Massicotte, Philippe, Flores, Hauke, Castellani, Giulia, Schaafsma, Fokje L., Arndt, Stefanie, Lange, Benjamin A., Peeken, Ilka, Ehrlich, Julia, David, Carmen, Ricker, Robert, Krumpen, Thomas, Hendricks, Stefan, Schwegmann, Sandra, Massicotte, Philippe, and Flores, Hauke

Abstract

In this study, we present unique data collected with a Surface and Under-Ice Trawl (SUIT) during five campaigns between 2012 and 2017, covering the spring to summer and autumn transition in the Arctic Ocean, and the seasons of winter and summer in the Southern Ocean. The SUIT was equipped with a sensor array from which we retrieved: sea-ice thickness, the light field at the underside of sea ice, chlorophyll a concentration in the ice (in-ice chl a), and the salinity, temperature, and chl a concentration of the under-ice water. With an average trawl distance of about 2 km, and a global transect length of more than 117 km in both polar regions, the present work represents the first multi-seasonal habitat characterization based on kilometer-scale profiles. The present data highlight regional and seasonal patterns in sea-ice properties in the Polar Ocean. Light transmittance through Arctic sea ice reached almost 100 in summer, when the ice was thinner and melt ponds spread over the ice surface. However, the daily integrated amount of light under sea ice was maximum in spring. Compared to the Arctic, Antarctic sea-ice was thinner, snow depth was thicker, and sea-ice properties were more uniform between seasons. Light transmittance was low in winter with maximum transmittance of 73. Despite thicker snow depth, the overall under-ice light was considerably higher during Antarctic summer than during Arctic summer. Spatial autocorrelation analysis shows that Arctic sea ice was characterized by larger floes compared to the Antarctic. In both Polar regions, the patch size of the transmittance followed the spatial variability of sea-ice thickness. In-ice chl a in the Arctic Ocean remained below 0.39 mg chl a m�2, whereas it exceeded 7 mg chl a m�2 during Antarctic winter, when water chl a concentrations remained below 1.5 mg chl a m�2, thus highlighting its potential as an important carbon source for overwintering organisms. The data analyz

Published
2020

47. Green Edge ice camp campaigns: understanding the processes controlling the under-ice Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom

Author

Massicotte, Philippe, Amiraux, Rémi, Amyot, Marie-pier, Archambault, Philippe, Ardyna, Mathieu, Arnaud, Laurent, Artigue, Lise, Aubry, Cyril, Ayotte, Pierre, Bécu, Guislain, Bélanger, Simon, Benner, Ronald, Bittig, Henry C, Bricaud, Annick, Brossier, Eric, Bruyant, Flavienne, Chauvaud, Laurent, Christiansen-stowe, Debra, Claustre, Hervé, Cornet-barthaux, Véronique, Coupel, Pierre, Cox, Christine, Delaforge, Aurélie, Dezutter, Thibault, Dimier, Céline, Dominé, Florent, Dufour, Francis, Dufresne, Christiane, Dumont, Dany, Ehn, Jens, Else, Brent, Ferland, Joannie, Forget, Marie-hélène, Fortier, Louis, Gali, Marti, Galindo, Virginie, Gallinari, Morgane, Garcia, Nicole, Gerikas-ribeiro, Catherine, Gourdal, Margaux, Gourvil, Priscilla, Goyens, Clemence, Grondin, Pierre-luc, Guillot, Pascal, Guilmette, Caroline, Houssais, Marie-noëlle, Joux, Fabien, Lacour, Léo, Lacour, Thomas, Lafond, Augustin, Lagunas, José, Lalande, Catherine, Laliberté, Julien, Lambert-girard, Simon, Larivière, Jade, Lavaud, Johann, Lebaron, Anita, Leblanc, Karine, Le Gall, Florence, Legras, Justine, Lemire, Mélanie, Levasseur, Maurice, Leymarie, Edouard, Leynaert, Aude, Lopes Dos Santos, Adriana, Lourenço, Antonio, Mah, David, Marec, Claudie, Marie, Dominique, Martin, Nicolas, Marty, Constance, Marty, Sabine, Massé, Guillaume, Matsuoka, Atsushi, Matthes, Lisa, Moriceau, Brivaela, Muller, Pierre-emmanuel, Mundy, Christopher-john, Neukermans, Griet, Oziel, Laurent, Panagiotopoulos, Christos, Pangazi, Jean-jacques, Picard, Ghislain, Picheral, Marc, Pinczon Du Sel, France, Pogorzelec, Nicole, Probert, Ian, Queguiner, Bernard, Raimbault, Patrick, Ras, Joséphine, Rehm, Eric, Reimer, Erin, Rontani, Jean-françois, Rysgaard, Soren, Saint-béat, Blanche, Sampei, Makoto, Sansoulet, Julie, Schmidt, Sabine, Sempere, Richard, Sevigny, Caroline, Shen, Yuan, Tragin, Margot, Tremblay, Jean-eric, Vaulot, Daniel, Verin, Gauthier, Vivier, Frédéric, Vladoiu, Anda, Whitehead, Jeremy, Babin, Marcel, Massicotte, Philippe, Amiraux, Rémi, Amyot, Marie-pier, Archambault, Philippe, Ardyna, Mathieu, Arnaud, Laurent, Artigue, Lise, Aubry, Cyril, Ayotte, Pierre, Bécu, Guislain, Bélanger, Simon, Benner, Ronald, Bittig, Henry C, Bricaud, Annick, Brossier, Eric, Bruyant, Flavienne, Chauvaud, Laurent, Christiansen-stowe, Debra, Claustre, Hervé, Cornet-barthaux, Véronique, Coupel, Pierre, Cox, Christine, Delaforge, Aurélie, Dezutter, Thibault, Dimier, Céline, Dominé, Florent, Dufour, Francis, Dufresne, Christiane, Dumont, Dany, Ehn, Jens, Else, Brent, Ferland, Joannie, Forget, Marie-hélène, Fortier, Louis, Gali, Marti, Galindo, Virginie, Gallinari, Morgane, Garcia, Nicole, Gerikas-ribeiro, Catherine, Gourdal, Margaux, Gourvil, Priscilla, Goyens, Clemence, Grondin, Pierre-luc, Guillot, Pascal, Guilmette, Caroline, Houssais, Marie-noëlle, Joux, Fabien, Lacour, Léo, Lacour, Thomas, Lafond, Augustin, Lagunas, José, Lalande, Catherine, Laliberté, Julien, Lambert-girard, Simon, Larivière, Jade, Lavaud, Johann, Lebaron, Anita, Leblanc, Karine, Le Gall, Florence, Legras, Justine, Lemire, Mélanie, Levasseur, Maurice, Leymarie, Edouard, Leynaert, Aude, Lopes Dos Santos, Adriana, Lourenço, Antonio, Mah, David, Marec, Claudie, Marie, Dominique, Martin, Nicolas, Marty, Constance, Marty, Sabine, Massé, Guillaume, Matsuoka, Atsushi, Matthes, Lisa, Moriceau, Brivaela, Muller, Pierre-emmanuel, Mundy, Christopher-john, Neukermans, Griet, Oziel, Laurent, Panagiotopoulos, Christos, Pangazi, Jean-jacques, Picard, Ghislain, Picheral, Marc, Pinczon Du Sel, France, Pogorzelec, Nicole, Probert, Ian, Queguiner, Bernard, Raimbault, Patrick, Ras, Joséphine, Rehm, Eric, Reimer, Erin, Rontani, Jean-françois, Rysgaard, Soren, Saint-béat, Blanche, Sampei, Makoto, Sansoulet, Julie, Schmidt, Sabine, Sempere, Richard, Sevigny, Caroline, Shen, Yuan, Tragin, Margot, Tremblay, Jean-eric, Vaulot, Daniel, Verin, Gauthier, Vivier, Frédéric, Vladoiu, Anda, Whitehead, Jeremy, and Babin, Marcel

Abstract

The Green Edge initiative was developed to investigate the processes controlling the primary productivity and the fate of organic matter produced during the Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom (PSB) and to determine its role in the ecosystem. Two field campaigns were conducted in 2015 and 2016 at an ice camp located on landfast sea ice southeast of Qikiqtarjuaq Island in Baffin Bay (67.4797N, 63.7895W). During both expeditions, a large suite of physical, chemical and biological variables was measured beneath a consolidated sea ice cover from the surface to the bottom at 360 m depth to better understand the factors driving the PSB. Key variables such as temperature, salinity, radiance, irradiance, nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll-a concentration, bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and taxonomy, carbon stocks and fluxes were routinely measured at the ice camp. Here, we present the results of a joint effort to tidy and standardize the collected data sets that will facilitate their reuse in other Arctic studies. The dataset is available at http://www.seanoe.org/data/00487/59892/ (Massicotte et al., 2019a).

Published
2020
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48. Sensitivity of phytoplankton primary production estimates to available irradiance under heterogeneous sea ice conditions

Author

Tremblay, Jean-Éric, Peeken, Ilka, Massicotte, Philippe, Katlein, Christian, Babin, Marcel, Flores, Hauke, Huot, Yannick, Castellani, Giulia, Arnd, Stefanie, Lange, B. (Benjamin), Tremblay, Jean-Éric, Peeken, Ilka, Massicotte, Philippe, Katlein, Christian, Babin, Marcel, Flores, Hauke, Huot, Yannick, Castellani, Giulia, Arnd, Stefanie, and Lange, B. (Benjamin)

Abstract

The Arctic ice scape is composed by a mosaic of ridges, hummocks, melt ponds, leads, and snow. Under such heterogeneous surfaces, drifting phytoplankton communities are experiencing a wide range of irradiance conditions and intensities that cannot be sampled representatively using single‐location measurements. Combining experimentally derived photosynthetic parameters with transmittance measurements acquired at spatial scales ranging from hundreds of meters (using a remotely operated vehicle, ROV) to thousands of meters (using a surface and underice trawl, SUIT), we assessed the sensitivity of water column primary production estimates to multiscale underice light measurements. Daily primary production calculated from transmittance from both the ROV and the SUIT ranged between 0.004 and 939 mgC·m−2·day−1. Upscaling these estimates at larger spatial scales using satellite‐derived sea ice concentration reduced the variability by 22% (0.004–731 mgC·m−2·day−1). The relative error in primary production estimates was two times lower when combining remote sensing and in situ data compared to ROV‐based estimates alone. These results suggest that spatially extensive in situ measurements must be combined with large‐footprint sea ice coverage sampling (e.g., remote sensing, aerial imagery) to accurately estimate primary production in ice‐covered waters. Also, the results indicated a decreasing error of primary production estimates with increasing sample size and the spatial scale at which in situ measurements are performed. Conversely, existing estimates of spatially integrated phytoplankton primary production in ice‐covered waters derived from single‐location light measurements may be associated with large statistical errors. Considering these implications is important for modeling scenarios and interpretation of existing measurements in a changing Arctic ecosystem.

Published
2020

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