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4. Description of two new species in the Ixodes ricinus complex from the New World (Acari: Ixodidae), and redescription of Ixodes affinis Neumann, 1899

Author

NAVA, SANTIAGO, primary, BEATI, LORENZA, additional, VENZAL, JOSE M., additional, DURDEN, LANCE A., additional, BERMUDEZ, SERGIO E., additional, TARRAGONA, EVELINA L., additional, MANGOLD, ATILIO J., additional, GLEASON, DEBBIE, additional, MASTROPAOLO, MARIANO, additional, and GUGLIELMONE, ALBERTO A., additional

Published
2023
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25. Rickettsia parkeri in Argentina

Author

Nava, Santiago, Elshenawy, Yasmin, Eremeeva, Marina E., Sumner, John W., Mastropaolo, Mariano, and Paddock, Christopher D.

Subjects
Company distribution practices, Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) -- Research, Public health -- Research, Rickettsia -- Health aspects, Rickettsia -- Distribution, Rickettsia -- Control, Rickettsia -- Research
Abstract

Argentina is a large, ecologically diverse country, with at least 10 Neotropical Amblyomma tick species that bite humans, including Amblyomma triste (1,2; Figure 1, panels A, B). Spotted fever group [...]

Published
2008

27. Development and evaluation of a double-antigen sandwich ELISA to identify Anaplasma marginale– infected and A. centrale– vaccinated cattle.

Author

Sarli, Macarena, Thompson, Carolina S., Novoa, María B., Valentini, Beatriz S., Mastropaolo, Mariano, Echaide, Ignacio E., de Echaide, Susana T., and Primo, María E.

Subjects
ANAPLASMA marginale, CATTLE, ANAPLASMA phagocytophilum, ANAPLASMA, ANAPLASMOSIS, COMMUNICABLE diseases, CALVES
Abstract

Bovine anaplasmosis is a worldwide infectious disease caused by the intraerythrocytic bacterium Anaplasma marginale, which is transmitted by ticks and fomites. A. centrale is a less virulent subspecies used as a live vaccine in cohorts of 8- to 10-mo-old calves that did not naturally reach enzootic stability. We developed 3 variants of a double-antigen sandwich ELISA (dasELISA) using a recombinant major surface protein 5 (MSP5) from A. marginale (dasELISAm) or from A. centrale (dasELISAc) or using MSP5 from both organisms (dasELISAmc). Each dasELISA was tested for the detection of antibodies against A. marginale and A. centrale. The tests were validated using serum samples from cattle not infected with Anaplasma spp. (n = 388), infected with A. marginale (n = 436), and vaccinated with A. centrale (n = 358), confirmed by nested PCR. A total of 462 samples were compared with a commercial competitive ELISA (cELISA). For dasELISAm, dasELISAc, and dasELISAmc, specificities were 98.7%, 98.7%, and 97.4%, and overall sensitivities were 92.6%, 85.7%, and 97.4%, respectively. For A. marginale –infected and A. centrale –vaccinated cattle, sensitivities were 97.7% and 86.3% for dasELISAm, and 77.7% and 95.5% for dasELISAc, respectively. Sensitivity of dasELISAmc was similar for both groups (>96%). The agreement rate between dasELISAmc and cELISA was 96.3% (κ = 0.92); the former test allowed earlier detection of seroconversion of vaccinated cattle than did cELISA. Based on these results, the test could be used to 1) determine the enzootic stability or instability of anaplasmosis in calves, 2) conduct epidemiologic studies, and 3) evaluate the immunogenicity of A. centrale live vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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28. Ecology and genetic variation of Amblyomma tonelliae in Argentina

Author

Tarragona, Evelina Luisa, Mangold, Atilio Jose, Mastropaolo, Mariano, Guglielmone, Alberto Alejandro, and Nava, Santiago

Subjects
Ciencias Biológicas, AMBLYOMMA TONELLIAE, CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS, Ciencias Veterinarias, LIFECYCLE, BIOLOGY, Ecología, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, POPULATION ECOLOGY
Abstract

The ecology of Amblyomma tonelliae (Ixodida: Ixodidae), including its seasonal distribution and the development periods of each stage, was investigated during a study carried out over two consecutive years in northwestern Argentina. In addition, the genetic variation of this tick was studied through analyses of 16S rDNA sequences. Amblyomma tonelliae has a 1-year lifecycle characterized by a long pre-moult period in larvae with no development of morphogenetic diapause. Larvae peak in abundance during late autumn and early winter; nymphs peak in abundance in spring, and adults do so from late spring to early summer. Amblyomma tonelliae shows a marked ecological preference for the driest areas of the Chaco ecoregion. In analyses of 16S rDNA sequences in genes from different populations of A.tonelliae, values for nucleotide diversity and the average number of nucleotide differences showed genetic diversity within this species to be low. No significant differences were found in comparisons among populations. Fil: Tarragona, Evelina Luisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Mangold, Atilio Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina Fil: Mastropaolo, Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina Fil: Guglielmone, Alberto Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina Fil: Nava, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina

Published
2015
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29. Epidemiology of bovine babesiosis caused by Babesia bigemina (Smith y Kilborne, 1893) in Southwestern Chaco province

Author

Mastropaolo, Mariano, Mangold,Atilio Jose, Mórtola, Eduardo Carlos, Romero, Jorge Roberto, Späth, Ernesto, and Vignau, María Laura

Subjects
distribución agregada, Disección, Ciencias Veterinarias, densidad de hospedadores, Rhipicephalus, Babesia, Epidemiología, Chaco (Argentina)
Abstract

Babesia bigemina es uno de los agentes etiológicos de la babesiosis de los bovinos y en Argentina es transmitida solamente por ninfas y adultos de la garrapata Rhipicephalus (B.) microplus. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron evaluar el estatus epidemiológico y factores asociados para B. bigemina en rodeos del sudoeste de la provincia del Chaco y evaluar la incidencia de infección y la proporción de garrapatas infectadas en dos establecimientos ganaderos (AT y VA) de la región. Se determinó que un 51% de los rodeos se encontraba en inestabilidad enzoótica, con riesgo de sufrir brotes de importancia económica. El estatus epidemiológico se asoció con la utilización de pasturas megatérmicas perennes. No se encontró relación entre el control de garrapatas y la transmisión de B. bigemina ni una relación espacial entre los campos con el mismo estatus epidemiológico, infiriéndose que los factores de manejo tendrían mas influencia que los geográficos en la epidemiología de la enfermedad en la región estudiada. La proporción de garrapatas infectadas con B. bigemina fue de 19,8 % para AT y 9,3 % para VA. Esto explicaría una mayor transmisión del parásito en AT con respecto a VA. Sin embargo la infección estuvo relacionada con la proporción de animales con presencia de garrapatas y no con la abundancia de garrapatas sobre los animales. Esto indicaría que la proporción de garrapatas infectadas no sería una limitante para la transmisión y que las situaciones de baja transmisión no se deberían a la presencia de pocas garrapatas infectadas ni de pocas garrapatas sobre los animales, sino a pocos animales con garrapatas sobretodo por efecto de una distribución agregada. Se infiere que la variable más relevante en la regulación de la dinámica de transmisión es la densidad de hospedadores, o carga instantánea., Babesia bigemina is one of the etiological agents of bovine babesiosis and in Argentina is transmitted only by nymphs and adults of the tick Rhipicephalus (B.) microplus. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the epidemiological status and associated factors for B. bigemina in cattle herds from south western Chaco province and to evaluate the incidence of infection and the proportion of infected ticks in two cattle farms (AT and VA) of the region. It was asserted that 51% of the herds were in a situation of enzootic instability, with risks of suffering outbreaks of economical importance. The epidemiological status was associated with the use of megathermal perennial pastures. Neither was determined a relationship between tick control and transmission of B. bigemina nor a spatial relationship between farms with the same epidemiological status, inferring from this that farm management factors are of greater influence on the epidemiology of the disease in the surveyed region than the geographical factors. The proportion of ticks infected with B. bigemina was 19.8% for AT and 9.3% for VA. This could explain a greater transmission of the parasite in AT compared to VA. The infection, however, was related to the proportion of animals with presence of ticks and not to the abundance of ticks on the animals. This could indicate that the proportion of infected ticks is not a limiting factor for transmission and that the situations of low transmission are not due to a low proportion of infected ticks and even not due to low ticks boundaries on the animals, but due to a low proportion of animals with ticks, specially because of an aggregated distribution. It is inferred that the most relevant variable in regulation of dynamics of transmission is the host density, or stock density., Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias

Published
2014

30. Nuevos registros de garrapatas (Acari: Ixodidae) asociadas a roedores sigmodontinos en Chubut, Argentina

Author

Mastropaolo, Mariano, Martin, Gabriel Mario, and Nava, Santiago

Subjects
ARGENTINA, Ixodes, Biología, Argentina, AMBLYOMMA, Zoología, Ornitología, Entomología, Etología, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Ciencias Biológicas, PATAGONIA, Amblyomma, Patagonia, SIGMODONTINOS, Sigmodontinos, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], IXODES, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

Se reportan nuevos hallazgos de garrapatas obtenidas de roedores capturados en sitios cercanos a Cholila (42º31‟S, 71º27‟O, provincia del Chubut (Argentina). Se registraron las siguientes asociaciones parásito-hospedador: Oligoryzomys longicaudatus: 1 larva de Amblyomma tigrinum, 1 hembra de Ixodes sigelos, 2 ninfas de I. sigelos; Reithrodon auritus: 1 hembra de I. sigelos; Loxodontomys micropus: 1 ninfa de I. sigelos; Chelemys macronyx: 7 larvas de I. sigelos. Ixodes sigelos no ha sido reportada previamente en C. macronyx, así como tampoco A. tigrinum sobre O. longicaudatus. Estos resultados brindan nueva evidencia del rol fundamental que cumplen los roedores en el ciclo biológico de algunas garrapatas presentes en la Argentina., We report new findings of ticks from rodents trapped at different sites near Cholila (42º31‟S, 71º27‟W), Chubut Province (Argentina). The following host-parasite associations were recorded: Oligoryzomys longicaudatus: 1 larva of Amblyomma tigrinum, 1 female of Ixodes sigelos, 2 nymphs of I. sigelos; Reithrodon auritus: 1 female of I. sigelos; Loxodontomys micropus: 1 nymph of I. sigelos; Chelemys macronyx: 7 larvae of I. sigelos. Ixodes sigelos has not been previously reported on C. macronyx as well as not A. tigrinum on O. longicaudatus. These results provide new evidence about the fundamental role of rodents in the life cycle of some ticks present in Argentina., Asociación Parasitológica Argentina, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo

Published
2013

31. Host-parasite association between <italic>Didelphis albiventris</italic> (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) and <italic>Ixodes loricatus</italic> (Acari: Ixodidae) in their southern ranges.

Author

Tarragona, Evelina L., Mastropaolo, Mariano, Zurvera, Daniel, Beldomenico, Pablo M., and Guglielmone, Alberto A.

Subjects
HOST-parasite relationships, DIDELPHIS, IXODES, MARSUPIALS, TICK infestations
Abstract

The parasitism of Ixodes loricatus Neumann on white-eared opposum, Didelphis albiventris Lund, was analysed in the southern ranges of both. In central Argentina, 118 wild opossums were captured from 2005 to 2012. Adults of I. loricatus were collected (prevalence = 66.1%, mean = 7.03, median = 4), but no immature stage. Tick infestation was not affected by sex (p = 0.27) or age (p = 0.37) of hosts. In line with previous studies about seasonality of larvae and nymphs of I. loricatus, adult tick infestation showed no seasonal trend. This lack of seasonal pattern of infestation for all parasitic stages of I. loricatus may indicate a life cycle governed by nidicolous behaviour, in such a way that this habit would contribute to minimize the influence of external environmental variables. The tick sex ratio was female biased, with two females per one male (p = 0.002). The absence of I. loricatus immatures on D. albiventris suggests that in the study region there is clear segregation of immatures in rodents and adults in marsupials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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33. Presence of Borreliain different populations of Ixodes pararicinusfrom northwestern Argentina

Author

Saracho Bottero, Maria N., Sebastian, Patrick S., Carvalho, Luis A., Claps, Leonor Guardia, Mastropaolo, Mariano, Mangold, Atilio J., Venzal, José M., and Nava, Santiago

Abstract

This work was performed to evaluate the presence of Borreliain different populations of Ixodes pararicinusfrom northwestern Argentina (Jujuy, Salta and Tucumán provinces). Questing adults and nymphs of I. pararicinuswere collected from vegetation, and I. pararicinusnymphs were also collected on birds. Eighty-two ticks were tested for Borreliapresence by PCR targeting the gene flagellin and the rrfA-rrlBintergenic spacer region. Pools of ticks positive to Borreliawere formed by two nymphs collected on Turdus rufiventrisin Tucumán, one nymph collected on Syndactyla rufosuperciliatain Jujuy, one nymph collected on Turdus nigricepsin Tucumán, three nymphs collected on T. nigricepsin Tucumán, and two females collected from vegetation in Salta. Two haplotypes of Borreliasp. belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferisensu lato complex were found. One of them is closely related to the haplotypes of Borreliagenospecies previously reported in I. aragaoifrom Uruguay (haplotypes D and E) and in I. pararicinusfrom Jujuy Province in Argentina. The second haplotype (detected in the sample of Salta) is closely related to the haplotypes A, B and C associated with I. aragaoifrom Uruguay. All these results suggest that the presence of B. burgdorferis.l. genospecies in I. pararicinusticks is widespread along the entire distribution of this tick species in northwestern Argentina. However, the Borreliapresence in I. pararicinuscannot be directly assumed as a phenomenon of medical relevance, because Ixodesticks are not relevant as human parasites in South America, and none of the two Borreliagenospecies detected in this work is related to any of the Borreliagenospecies currently known to be pathogenic to humans.

Published
2017
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35. Rickettsia parkeriin Argentina

Author

Nava, Santiago, primary, Elshenawy, Yasmin, additional, Eremeeva, Marina E., additional, Sumner, John W., additional, Mastropaolo, Mariano, additional, and Paddock, Christopher D., additional

Published
2008
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36. Ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) present at Parque Nacional El Rey, Argentina

Author

Beldomenico, Pablo M., primary, Baldi, Cecilia J., additional, Antoniazzi, Leandro R., additional, Orduna, Guillermina M., additional, Mastropaolo, Mariano, additional, Macedo, Ana C., additional, Ruiz, Marcelo F., additional, Orcellet, Viviana M., additional, Peralta, José L., additional, Venzal, José M., additional, Mangold, Atilio J., additional, and Guglielmone, Alberto A., additional

Published
2003
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37. Prevalence and genetic characterization of Anaplasma marginalein zebu cattle (Bos indicus) and their ticks (Amblyomma variegatum, Rhipicephalus microplus) from Madagascar

Author

Pothmann, Daniela, Poppert, Sven, Rakotozandrindrainy, Raphael, Hogan, Benedikt, Mastropaolo, Mariano, Thiel, Claudia, and Silaghi, Cornelia

Abstract

Tick-borne bovine anaplasmosis, caused by the obligate intracellular pathogen Anaplasma marginale(Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), is a major constraint to cattle production in tropical and subtropical regions. From Madagascar, clinical cases were published but data based on molecular methods regarding the prevalence and genetic diversity of this pathogen on the island are lacking. The aims of this study were to investigate (1) the prevalence of A. marginalein Malagasy zebu cattle (Bos indicus)and their ticks with a species-specific real-time PCR, (2) the genetic diversity of A. marginalebased on tandem repeats and microsatellites of the msp1α gene, and (3) the phylogenetic relationship between A. marginaleisolates from Madagascar and strains found worldwide. Two hundred fourteen blood samples and 1822 ticks from 214 zebu cattle were collected. Rhipicephalus (R) microplus(40.2%) and Amblyomma (A) variegatum(59.8%) were identified on the cattle. A. marginaleDNA was found in 89.7% of the examined zebu cattle and in 62.3% of the examined ticks.

Published
2016
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38. Different lines of evidence used to delimit species in ticks: A study of the South American populations of Amblyomma parvum(Acari: Ixodidae)

Author

Nava, Santiago, Gerardi, Monize, Szabó, Matias P.J., Mastropaolo, Mariano, Martins, Thiago F., Labruna, Marcelo B., Beati, Lorenza, Estrada-Peña, Agustín, and Guglielmone, Alberto A.

Abstract

The goal of this work was to combine different lines of evidence besides that of molecular markers to delimit species in ticks when the molecular data are not totally congruent. Two groups (Argentina, Brazil) of South American populations of Amblyomma parvumwere compared to test whether the splitting of these two lineages suggested by genetic analyses is complete. Comparative studies of reproductive compatibility, morphological analyses of fixed characters, and comparison of population distributions in spatially defined ecological niches were performed.The morphological comparisons of both discrete and morphometric characters showed no differences among A. parvumticks from Argentina and Brazil. The intercrosses and backcrosses showed evidence of pre- and post-zygotic compatibility between the two groups. No significant differences in environmental traits were found which would justify the separation of the records of A. parvumin distinct groups. Although the gene flow between the two groups of populations is limited, the absence of reproductive barriers, the lack of significant morphological differences, and the absence of significant differences in the niche preferences indicate that populations of A. parvumfrom Argentina and Brazil should be treated as a single species. The speciation conjectures suggested by some analyses of mitochondrial DNA sequences were not supported when different lines of evidences were compared.

Published
2016
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39. Rickettsiainfection in Amblyomma tonelliae, a tick species from the Amblyomma cajennensecomplex

Author

Tarragona, Evelina L., Cicuttin, Gabriel L., Mangold, Atilio J., Mastropaolo, Mariano, Nazarena De Salvo, M., and Nava, Santiago

Abstract

The present study was performed to evaluate the Rickettsiainfection in Amblyomma tonelliaeticks from Argentina. All ticks were subjected to DNA extraction and tested by a battery of PCRs to amplify fragments of four rickettsial genes, 23S-5S, gltA, ompAand htrA. Two ticks were positive. The Rickettsiadetected in one tick represents a new lineage which is named Rickettsiasp. strain El Tunal. This new strain belongs to the canadensis group because it is closely related to Rickettsia monteiroi, Rickettsia canadensisand Candidatus“Rickettsia tarasevichiae”. They clustered together on a high supported clade with both gltAand htrAgenes. The other positive tick was infected with Candidatus“Rickettsia amblyommii”. The results presented in this study constitute the first records of Rickettsiainfection in A. tonelliaeticks. However, the medical relevance of these findings should be considered cautiously because the pathogenicity of Rickettsiasp. strain El Tunal and Candidatus“R. amblyommii” remains undetermined.

Published
2015
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40. Distribution and genetic variation of Amblyomma triste(Acari: Ixodidae) in Argentina

Author

Guglielmone, Alberto A., Nava, Santiago, Mastropaolo, Mariano, and Mangold, Atilio J.

Abstract

A study was conducted to investigate the distribution of Amblyomma tristein Argentina under the hypothesis that this tick prevails in riparian localities along the Paraná River and adjacent humid environments from 34°30′S to 25°20′S, approximately. Ticks were collected from mammals and vegetation in those environments from November 2008 to October 2012. Additionally, genetic variation was tested from Argentinean, Brazilian, Chilean, and Uruguayan populations of A. tristeby comparing sequences of 16S rDNA mitochondrial gene. The hypothesis was not confirmed because A. tristewere collected at 36°16′S, well beyond the southern limit predicted, and the distribution along the banks of the Paraná River was not continuous. The northernmost population of A. tristewithin Argentina was found at 25°42′S. Still undetermined abiotic factors and plant communities may play a role in modulating the abundance of A. tristebecause host availability does not appear to be a restriction factor. The genetic variation among A. tristepopulations from Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay indicates that they belong to a unique taxon that is considered bona fide A. triste(type locality Montevideo, Uruguay) while it is unclear if the Chilean population of A. tristeis conspecific with the other populations investigated in this study. It would be of importance to compare those genetically homogeneous populations with other populations of alleged A. triste, especially populations established in the Nearctic Zoogeographic Region in Mexico and USA.

Published
2013
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