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Purpose The key problem raised in the paper is the change in the position of the breast tumor due to magnetic resonance imaging examinations in the abdominal position relative to the supine position during the surgical procedure. Changing the position of the patient leads to significant deformation of the breast, which leads to the inability to indicate the location of the neoplastic lesion correctly.Methods This study outlines a methodological process for treating cancer patients. Pre-qualification assessments are conducted for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 3D scans are taken in three positions: supine with arms raised (SU), supine surgical position (SS), and standing (S). MRI and standard ultrasonography (USG) imaging are performed, and breast and cancer tissue are segmented from the MRI images. Finite element analysis is used to simulate tissue behavior in different positions, and an artificial neural network is trained to predict tumor dislocation. Based on the model, a 3D-printed breast with a highlighted tumor is manufactured. This computer-aided analysis is used to create a detailed surgical plan, and lumpectomy surgery is performed in the supine surgical position (SS). In addition, the geometry of the tumor is presented to the medical staff as a 3D-printed element.Results By utilizing a comprehensive range of techniques, including pre-qualification assessment, 3D scanning, MRI and USG imaging, segmentation of breast and cancer tissue, model analysis, image fusion, finite element analysis, artificial neural network training, and additive manufacturing, a detailed surgical plan can be created for performing lumpectomy surgery in the supine surgical position.Conclusion The new approach developed for the pre-operative assessment and surgical planning of breast cancer patients has demonstrated significant potential for improving the accuracy and efficacy of surgical procedures. This procedure may also help the pathomorphological justification. Moreover, transparent 3D-printed breast models can benefit breast cancer operation assistance. The physical and computational models can help surgeons visualize the breast and the tumor more accurately and detailedly, allowing them to plan the surgery with greater precision and accuracy.

This paper aims to review the recent progress in the research carried out by scientists worldwide regarding American Footballers' head injuries and head protective equipment, focusing on the role of computation methods, mainly finite element method application to American Football helmet design and testing as well as head injury biomechanics. The helmet technology has been constantly improved, and it is driven by market competition, medical records, coaches and athletes' self-awareness. With finite element analysis and computational resources development, it is possible to develop more accurate brain models to recreate American Footballers' head impacts. This method seems to be an excellent simulation tool to verify the helmet's ability to absorb energy and enable the researchers to have an insight into head kinematics and tissue-level injuries. The work is focused on head injuries in American Football as the sport becomes more popular across the globe. Additionally, a reference to the development and newest technology is presented. The review's proposed approach gathers studies presented within the last decade regarding the coupling of finite element brain models with helmets in standardised or on-field conditions. The synthesis of the existing state of the art may enhance the researchers to continue investigating the athlete's trauma and improve the protective gear technology to minimise head injuries. The authors presented numerous studies regarding concussions and the newest findings from the last decade, including Finite Element Head models (FEHm) with American Football helmet simulations. All the studies were searched through Google Scholar, Scopus and ResearchGate databases.

Renewable materials are materials that are replenished naturally and can be used again and again. These materials include things such as bamboo, cork, hemp, and recycled plastic. The use of renewable components helps to reduce the dependence on petrochemical resources and reduce waste. Adopting these materials in various industries such as construction, packaging, and textiles can lead to a more sustainable future and decrease the carbon footprint. The presented research describes new porous polyurethane biocomposites based on used cooking oil polyol (50 per hundred polyol—php) modified with cork (3, 6, 9, and 12 php). The research described here demonstrated that it is possible to replace some petrochemical raw materials with raw materials of renewable origin. This was achieved by replacing one of the petrochemical components used for the synthesis of the polyurethane matrix with a waste vegetable oil component. The modified foams were analyzed in terms of their apparent density, coefficient of thermal conductivity, compressive strength at 10% of deformation, brittleness, short-term water absorption, thermal stability, and water vapor permeability, while their morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy and the content of closed cells. After the successful introduction of a bio-filler, it was found that the thermal insulation properties of the modified biomaterials were comparable to those of the reference material. It was concluded that it is possible to replace some petrochemical raw materials with raw materials of renewable origin.

BACKGROUND The surgical treatment of malignant neoplasms of the eyelid and the periocular area, due to the complex structure of the eye protective apparatus, remains a difficult surgical problem. The aim is to reconstruct the missing tissue as precisely as possible, both from a functional and esthetic point of view. Postoperative disorders of eyelid function may considerably disturb both the functioning and the quality of life of the patients. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to evaluate 262 patients who had underwent operations related to malignant neoplasms of the eyelid and the periocular area, and to demonstrate which reconstruction methods for post-resection defects were the most advantageous in terms of functions and esthetics. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was based on an analysis of the medical records of 262 patients. The analysis included the reconstruction techniques used, the patient's age, the sizes and locations of the primary skin cancer, any healing complications, and the distant esthetic and functional outcomes. RESULTS Various types of flap procedures were the most frequently used techniques in the studied group of patients (66.8%). Single flaps were used in 83 patients, multiple flaps in 89 patients and complex flaps with a cartilage graft in 3 patients. Free skin grafts were used in 52 patients and were associated with complications in the form of partial necrosis. Complications during postoperative wound healing were observed in 18.3% of the patients. In 12 patients, the complications were associated with a local infection, in 15 patients with partial, marginal necrosis and in 8 patients partial wound breakdown after the transfer of the flap occurred. CONCLUSIONS The most frequently used mechanisms for correction and reconstruction of the deficits following the excision of the eyelid skin and periorbital malignancies included various flaps used in a total of 175 patients (66.8%).

BACKGROUND Malignant cancers of the eyelid skin and the periocular area comprise 5-10% of facial skin malignant cancers. Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) dominate, comprising approx. 80-90% of cancers of this area of the face. Considerably less often, in 9-14% of cases, squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are observed. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to provide an epidemiological-clinical assessment of patients treated over the period 2006-2015 for primary malignant cancers of the eyelid skin considering histological diagnosis and clinical staging. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was based on an analysis of the medical records of 262 patients. Demographic data, age, sex, size and location of lesions, histological types, and clinical staging were assessed. RESULTS In the analyzed group of 262 patients, most were over the age of 60 years. Primary cancers were most frequently located in the area of the medial canthus of the eye and in the lower eyelid skin. They were mainly lesions of 6-10 mm and 16-20 mm with histologically diagnosed basal cell carcinoma of nodular and cystic types. CONCLUSIONS The most represented group was that of patients aged 60-70 years with primary cancers located in the medial canthus of the eye (47.3%) and in the lower eyelid. Basal cell carcinoma was diagnosed, mainly nodular and cystic types.

The glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a rare pathology of odontogenic origin, which can behave unpredictably. It is problematic in clinical, radiographic and histological diagnostics. Intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a rare tumor which affects the jaws, typically found in the mandible. This malignancy, which usually originates from the salivary glands, can also be caused by a transformation of the mucous cells found in odontogenic cysts. This article presents a rare case of GOC transforming into MEC of the mandible, which was reported during the treatment of a 52-year-old male patient. The aim of this work was to present some of the therapeutic and clinical difficulties encountered when GOC transforms into mucoepidermoid cancer in the mandible, considering the pathomorphological and histological differentiations. The differentiation between MEC and GOC might be difficult through microscopic examination and requires the cooperation of a clinician – a maxillofacial surgeon – and a histopathologist.

The most common haemostasis disorders are haemophilia A, B and von Willebrand disease. Symptoms of congenital bleeding diathesis can be observed in early childhood, and are easy to recognize. Medical literature describes cases of late diagnosis of haemostasis disorders. These cases are usually detected accidentally, and they can present a serious diagnostic and therapeutic problem. In this article, the authors describe a patient with massive maxillofacial trauma in whom a haemostasis disorder was detected and diagnosed as haemophilia B. Detection of this disorder was of significant importance for the treatment of the primary disease, i.e. maxillofacial injuries.