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Patania crepuscularia Matsui & Naka, sp. nov. [Japanese name: Hakuunboku-nomeiga] (Fig. 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 4A, 5A) Phostria harutai Inoue, 1955: 21, fig. 5. Patania harutai: Lee et al. 2022: 410–411, figs. 1a, 1b, 3–4, 7, 9. Type materials. Holotype: ♂, [Japan] Azô, Tottori City, Tottori Pref., N35.39, E134.06, alt. 750 m, emerged on 13 Oct. 2020 (F 1 reared by Styrax japonicus Siebold & Zucc.), Y. Matsui leg., preserved in NSMT. Paratypes: 1♂, Hirugano-kôgen, Gujô City, Gifu Pref., 8 Aug. 2014, H. Naka leg., gen. slide no. YM059.; 1♂ 2♀, Ueyama-kôgen, Kami Town, Hyôgo Pref., 5 Jul. 2019 (larvae collected from S. obassia), emerged on 17 Jul. to 1 Aug. 2019, Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM058 (♂), YM064 (♀).; 2♀, Hirodomeno, Wakasa Town, Tottori Pref., 19 Aug. 2020, Y. Matsui leg.; 1♀, Mt. Hyônosen, Wakasa Town, Tottori Pref., 12 Sep. 2021, Y. Matsui leg.; 1♂, Sourokubara, Tottori City, Tottori Pref., 6 May 2018 (larva collected from S. obassia), emerged on 21 May 2018, Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM060.; 1♀, Mt. Reiseki-zan, Tottori City, Tottori Pref., 28 Jun. 2019, Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM062.; 1♀, Tatsumi-tôge, Tottori City, Tottori Pref., 2 Jul. 2019 (larva collected from S. obassia), emerged on 20 Jul. 2019, Y. Matsui leg.; same locality as holotype, 1♂, 12 Sep. 2017, Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM063.; 1♂, ditto, 19 Jul. 2020, Y. Matsui leg.; 2♂ 3♀, ditto, emerged on 11 and 31 Oct. 2020 (F 1 reared by S. japonicus, same strain as holotype), 25 and 26 Dec. 2020 (F 2), Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM427 (♂), YM428 (♀); 1♂, Oda, Înan Town, Shimane Pref., 19 Jul. 2008, Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM061. A paratype of Phostria harutai : 1♂, Takao-san, Tokyo To, 30 July 1949, H. Inoue leg., NHMUK. Other material examined. 1♂, Soma Spa, Moriyoshi Town, Akita Pref., 25 Aug. 1981, A. Sasaki leg., NSMT; 2♀, Aizu-Tajima, Tajima Town, Fukushima Pref., 19 Aug. 1996, U. Jinbo leg., NSMT; 1♀, Tanigawa Spa, Gunma Pref., 25 Aug. 1962, T. Ebato leg., NSMT; 1♂, Nippara, Tokyo To, 8 Aug. 1961, T. Ebato leg., NSMT; 1♀, Nippara, Okutama Town, Tokyo To, 2 Aug. 1976, Y. Kishida leg., NSMT; 1♀, Sagashio, Daibosatsu, Yamanashi Pref., 6 Aug. 1996, Y. Kishida leg., NSMT; 1♀, Yamazumi, Iwata gun, Shizuoka Pref., 2 Aug. 1970, S. Ohta leg., NSMT. Description. Adult (Fig. 2A, 2B). Forewing length 16.0–19.0 mm (n = 7). Head. Frons pale ocherous scaled, rounded. Vertex with pale ocherous erected setae. Labial palpus slightly upturned, brownish ocherous, 1st segment and base of 2nd segment white. Antenna brown, flagellum filiform with golden cilia. Thorax and abdomen. Patagium and tegula brownish ocherous. Abdomen pale ocherous dorsally, milky white ventrally. Legs milky white, distal half and base of foretarsus dark brown. Venulae secundae of tympanal organ converged, posterior half paralleled, with X-shaped sclerotization medially (Fig. 3A). Male eighth tergite wide longitudinal strip with two linear sclerotizations on each side posteriorly (Fig. 3B). Male eighth sternite wide longitudinal strip, concave at anterior margin medially (Fig. 3B). Hair pencils dark brown, ca 1.5 times in length of genitalia, attached to vinculum (Fig. 3C, 3D). Wings. Forewing ground color brownish ocherous, submarginal area and costa dark brown; antemedial line dark brown, excurved; antemedial spot dark brown, small and rounded; discoidal spot dark brown, kidney-shaped; distance between antemedial spot and discoidal spot to the forewing length (DAD/FL) = 0.07–0.09 (mean 0.08 ± 0.01, n = 11); postmedial line dark brown, slightly incurved from costa to vein M 2, strongly protruded and slightly serrated between veins M 2 and CuA 2, running along with CuA 2 to inside, then vertical to dorsum. Hindwing ground color brownish ocherous, submarginal area dark brown; discoidal spot dark brown, wedge-shaped; postmedial line dark brown, strongly protruded between veins M 2 and CuA 2, thinned and blurred near dorsum. Cilia of both wings dark brown, darkened basally. Male genitalia (Fig. 4A). Uncus wide, both sides almost parallel, posterior margin protrudes weakly medially. Anal tube ca 0.6 times in length of valva. Tegumen broad, both sides almost parallel, slightly concave at connection to uncus. Gnathos originates from the tegumen-uncus connection, transverse band-like, with short and narrow median process connecting subscaphium. Transtilla triangular, broadly connected medially, apex truncate. Valva leaf-like, apex slightly pointed; fibula thick, strongly curved apically. Juxta rhomboidal, rounded ventrally. Saccus membranous, bulb-shaped. Phallus cylindrical, length ca 7.5 times of width; vesica with indistinct fold-like cornuti. Female genitalia (Fig. 5A). Papillae anales ovate, setose. Apophysis anterioris ca. 1.5 times length of posterior apophysis, with triangular expansion near base. Antrum slightly narrowed anteriorly, two linear sclerotizations on both sides anteriorly. Ductus bursae almost equal in length to corpus bursae, wrinkled. Corpus bursae ovate, membranous; signum elongated, ca 0.3 times in length to corpus bursae, one side pointed medially. Diagnosis. This new species is very similar to Patania harutai, but can be distinguished by the following wing characters: forewing length usually smaller; postmedial line of both wings rather thick, blurred, and less serrate; distance between antemedial spot and discoidal spot on the forewing narrower (DAD/FL = 0.07–0.9, mean 0.08 ± 0.01); outer margin of both wings slightly rounded; ground color of both wings usually darker. The two species can be easily distinguished by the following genitalia characters: in the male genitalia, posterior margin of uncus protrudes medially; apex of valva slightly pointed; fibula thick and strongly curved distally; posterior margin of transtilla angled at median connection, apex of transtilla expanded and truncate; narrow and short median process of gnathos present; cornuti indistinct; in the female genitalia, ductus bursae shorter (almost equal in length to the corpus bursae), not swollen on basal half; corpus bursae ovate; signum smaller (ca 0.3 times of corpus bursae), one side pointed medially. Host plants. Styrax obassia (Heo 2012; Matsui and Naka 2021), S. japonicus (laboratory-reared: Matsui and Naka 2021) (Styracaceae). Distribution. Japan (Honshu), Korea. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the brownish ocherous color of the wings. Remarks. Lee et al. (2022) noted it is unclear whether P. crepuscularia (sic P. harutai) feeds on Aesculus turbinata Blume and/or Acer spp., because it is found only in Styrax obassia. In light of the results of Matsui and Naka (2021) and Lee et al. (2022), there is no doubt that P. crepuscularia exclusively uses Styracaceae, and P. harutai exclusively uses Sapindaceae. In fact, we fed A. turbinata to the hatched larvae of P. crepuscularia in the laboratory rearing, but they did not feed on this plant species (data not shown)., Published as part of Matsui, Yuki & Naka, Hideshi, 2023, Description and phylogenetic placement of a new species of Patania (Lepidoptera Crambidae: Spilomelinae) resembling P. harutai (Inoue, 1955), pp. 267-280 in Zootaxa 5311 (2) on pages 270-273, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5311.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/8094402, {"references":["Inoue, H. (1955) Four new species and one new subspecies of the Japanese Pyralidae. Tyo to Ga, 6, 20 - 22.","Lee, T. G., Heo, U. H. & Bae, Y. S. (2022) Status of Patania harutai (Inoue, 1955) in Korea, with a new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Spilomelinae), and clarification of their host plants. Zootaxa, 5196 (3), 407 - 419. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5196.3.5","Heo, U. H. (2012) Guide book of moth larvae. Econature, Seoul, 520 pp."]}

Patania harutai (Inoue, 1955) [Japanese name: Tochi-nomeiga] (Fig. 2C, 2D, 4B, 5B) Phostria harutai Inoue, 1955: 21; Mutuura, 1957: 138–139, pl. 24, fig. 727; Inoue, 1959: 248, pl. 170, fig. 17. Pleuroptya harutai: Inoue, 1982: 1: 344; 2: 234, 454, pl. 40, figs 19, 20; Yamanaka & Sasaki, 2013: 452, pl. 4–67, figs 4–67–2, 4–67–3. Patania gorosoe Lee, Heo & Bae, 2022: 411–417, figs 2a, 2b, 5, 6, 8, 10–12. Syn. nov. Type material. Phostria harutai Holotype: 1♂, Mitsumine-san (alt. 1,000 m), Saitama Pref., 21 July 1952, T. Haruta leg., NHMUK. Paratypes: 1♂, Ôwa, Saitama Pref., 7 Aug. 1952, T. Haruta leg., NHMUK; 1♂, Higashiyama, Fukushima Pref., 4 Aug. 1953, M. Kohno leg., NHMUK. Other material examined. 1♂, Kamuiwaki, Okushiritô Is., Hokkaido, 2 Aug. 1967, Y. Kishida leg., NSMT; 1♂, Sukayu, Aomori Pref., 14 July 1988, K. Jinbo leg., NSMT; 1♀, Mizubayashi, Honjo City, Akita Pref., 29 July 1984, A. Sasaki leg., NSMT; 1♂, Otakitama, Akita City, Akita Pref., 5 Aug. 1988, A. Sasaki leg., NSMT; 1♀, Yunomori, Tazawako Town, Akita Pref., 27 July 1978, A. Sasaki leg., NSMT; 1♂, ditto, 6 Aug. 1980, ditto; 1♂ 1♀, Kotashirogawa-deai, Kazuno City, Akita Pref., 27 July 1976, A. Sasaki leg., NSMT; 1♂, ditto, 19 Aug. 1976, ditto; 1♂, Kumatoritai, Kazuno City, Akita Pref., 26 July 1976, A. Sasaki leg., NSMT; 1♀, Sannnai-Ishizawa, Honjoh City, Akita Pref., 26 Aug. 1976, A. Sasaki leg., NSMT; 1♂, Uwanodai, Kawabe Town, Akita Pref., 12 July 1977, A. Sasaki leg., NSMT; 1♂, Soma Spa, Moriyoshi Town, Akita Pref., 11 Aug. 1980, A. Sasaki leg., NSMT; 1♀, Kin'uemonnuma, Hachimantai, Akita Pref., 18 Aug. 1976, A. Sasaki leg., NSMT; 1♂, Oyasu-ohyu, Minase Village, Akita Pref., 21 July 1979, A. Sasaki leg., NSMT; 1♂, Futamata-Spa, Fukushima Pref., 6 Aug. 1967, T. Ebato leg., NSMT; 1♂, Kumanotaira, Gunma Pref., 31 July 1959, T. Maenami leg., NSMT; 1♀, Tanigawa spa., Gunma Pref., 12 Sep. 1975, T. Maenami leg., NSMT; 1♂, Mt. Akagi, Gunma Pref., 15 Aug. 1993, T. Okada leg., NSMT; 1♂, Shikanoyu, Titibu, Saitama Pref., 26 July 1933, collecter unknown, NSMT; 6♂ 7♀, Nippara, Tokyo To, 8 Aug. 1961, T. Ebato leg., NSMT; 4♂, Mt. Takao, Tokyo To, 19 July 1960, T. Ebato leg., NSMT; 1♂, ditto, 12 July 1959, T. Maenami leg., NSMT; 2♂, ditto, 21 July 1963, K. Jinbo leg., NSMT; 1♀, Mt. Mitake, Ome City, Tokyo To, 30 July 1960, T. Maenami leg., NSMT; 1♂, Nippara, Okutama Town, Tokyo To, 2 Aug. 1976, Y. Kishida leg., NSMT; 1♂, ditto, 25 Aug. 1960, Y. Kurosawa leg., NSMT; 2♂, Mt. Kintoki (alt. 900m), Minamiashigara City, Kanagawa Pref., 30 June 1986, H. Nakajima leg., NSMT; 1♂, Jakotsu-no, Hakone,, Kanagawa Pref., 27 July 1983, T. Maenami leg., NSMT; 1♂, Karuizawa, Nagano Pref., 25 July 1962, T. Fujioka leg., NSMT; 1♂, ditto, 9 Aug. 1962, ditto; 1♂, Naka-karuizawa, Nagano Pref., 16 Aug. 1962, T. Maenami leg., NSMT; 1♀, Osugi-dani, Mts.Oto, Wakayama Pref., 23 July 1973, collecter unknown, NSMT; 2♀, ditto, 22 July 1975, ditto; 1♀, ditto, 28 June 1975, ditto; 1♂ 1♀, ditto, 4 Aug. 1976, ditto; 1♀, Kamiagata (alt. 200m), Tsushima Is., Nagasaki Pref., 10 Aug. 2002, M. Owada leg., NSMT; 1♂, Mt. Yamadayama (alt. 180m), Tsushima Is., Nagasaki Pref., 17 July 2004, M. Furukawa leg., NSMT; 1♀, Nishioohara (alt. 900m). Mts.Kuju, Oita Pref., 6 Aug. 2005, M. Furukawa leg., NSMT. 1♂, Kamoenai Village, Hokkaido, 14 July 2021, Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM426.; 1♀, Asagiri-kôgen, Fujinomiya City, Shizuoka Pref., 27Aug. 2019, Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM066.; 1♂, Nishiusuduka, Fujinomiya City, Shizuoka Pref., 28 Aug. 2019, Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM055.; 3♂ 2♀, Ueyama-kôgen, Kami Town, Hyôgo Pref., 5 Jul. 2019 (larvae collected from Aesculus turbinata), emerged on 15 to 23 Jul. 2019, Y. Matsui and H. Naka leg., gen. slide no. YM053 (♂), YM065 (♀).; 2♂ 1♀, Hachikita-kôgen, Kami Town, Hyôgo Pref., 27 Jul. 2019, Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM054 (♂).; 1♂, Mt. Hyônosen, Wakasa Town, Tottori Pref., 27 Jul. 2013, Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM057.; 1♂, Hirodomeno, Wakasa Town, Tottori Pref., 24 Jul. 2015, Y. Matsui leg., gen. slide no. YM056.; 1♂, Mt. Senjô-zan, Kotoura Town, Tottori Pref.., 15 Jul. 2019, Y. Matsui leg.; 1♂, Mt. Daisen, Kôfu Town, Tottori Pref., collected on 27 Jun. 2020 (larva collected from Aesculus turbinata), emerged on 17 Jul. 2020, Y. Matsui leg.; 1♂, Azô, Tottori City, Tottori Pref., 19 Jul. 2020, Y. Matsui leg. Diagnosis. This species resembles P. crepuscularia sp.nov. but can be distinguished by the following characters: in the adult external characters (Fig. 2C, 2D), forewing length usually larger (18.0–21.0 mm, n = 6); postmedial line of both wings distinct, serrate particularly between veins M 2 and Cu 2 on both wings and near posterior margin on hindwing; distance between antemedial spot and discoidal spot on the forewing wider (DAD/FL = 0.09–0.14, mean 0.11 ± 0.01, n = 11); outer margin of both wings rectilinear; ground color of both wings brighter yellowish brown; in the male genitalia (Fig. 4B), posterior margin of uncus weakly concave medially; apex of the valva rounded; fibula thin and weakly curved; posterior margin of transtilla flat at median connection, apex thin and pointed; gnathos lacks a median process; phallus with a cornutus bears a dense array of microspines; in the female genitalia (Fig. 5B), ductus bursae longer (ca 2.3 times of corpus bursae), swollen on basal half; corpus bursae gouged at one side of posterior margin; signum larger (ca 0.6 times of corpus bursae), sickle-shaped. Host plants. Acer palmatum Thunb., Acer pictum Thunb., Aesculus turbinata Blume (Sapindaceae) (Matsui et al. 2021; Lee et al. 2022). Distribution. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Tsushima Is.), Korea. Remarks. Patania harutai has been recorded from Ryukyu Islands (Ishigakijima Is. and Yonagunijima Is.), Japan (Inoue 1982; Osada and Yoshitake 2022). However, these records are doubtful because their host plants are not distributed on these islands. In fact, we have collected an unidentified species from Ishigakijima Island whose appearance resembles that of P. harutai (Matsui, unpublished data), and judging from the specimen illustrated in Osada and Yoshitake (2022), at least the record of Osada and Yoshitake (2022) is a misidentification of that species. Therefore, it is most likely that P. harutai (and P. crepuscularia) are not distributed in the Ryukyu Islands., Published as part of Matsui, Yuki & Naka, Hideshi, 2023, Description and phylogenetic placement of a new species of Patania (Lepidoptera Crambidae: Spilomelinae) resembling P. harutai (Inoue, 1955), pp. 267-280 in Zootaxa 5311 (2) on pages 275-276, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5311.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/8094402, {"references":["Inoue, H. (1955) Four new species and one new subspecies of the Japanese Pyralidae. Tyo to Ga, 6, 20 - 22.","Mutuura, A. (1957) Pyralidae. In: Esaki, T. (Ed.), Icones Heterocerorum Japonicorum in coloribus naturalibus. Hoikusha Publishing, Osaka, pp. 93 - 147. [in Japanese]","Inoue, H. (1959) Pyralidae. In: Inoue, H., Okano, M., Shirozu, T., Sugi, S. & Yamamoto, H. (Eds.), Iconographia Insectorum Japonicorum colore naturali edita. Vol. 1 (Batterflies & Moths). Hokuryukan, Tokyo, pp. 233 - 257. [in Japanese]","Inoue, H. (1982) Pyralidae. In: Inoue, H., Sugi, S., Kuroko, H., Moriuti, S. & Kawabe, A. (Eds), Moths of Japan. Vol. 1 & 2. Kodansha, Tokyo, pp. 307 - 404 & pp. 223 - 254 + 36 - 48 + 228 + 296 - 314.","Yamanaka, H. & Sasaki, A. (2013) Pyraustinae. In: Nasu, Y., Hirowatari, T. & Kishida, Y. (Eds.), The Standard of Moths in Japan IV. Gakken Education Publishing, Tokyo, pp. 74 - 84 + 415 - 478. [in Japanese]","Lee, T. G., Heo, U. H. & Bae, Y. S. (2022) Status of Patania harutai (Inoue, 1955) in Korea, with a new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Spilomelinae), and clarification of their host plants. Zootaxa, 5196 (3), 407 - 419. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5196.3.5","Osada, Y. & Yoshitake, H. (2022) Moth collected in March 2021 from Yonaguni - jima Island, the Ryukyus, Japan. Japan Heterocerists' J, 302, 64 - 67. [in Japanese with English summary]"]}

Our patient presented with an elastic soft mass of his left index finger. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed a high cellular density with spindle-shaped cells in a storiform pattern. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for CD68, factor XIIIa and α-smooth muscle actin, and negative for CD34, STAT6, S100 protein, and desmin.