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230 results on '"Matthews, P.M."'

3. Identification of early neurodegenerative pathways in progressive multiple sclerosis

Author

Kaufmann, M., Schaupp, A.L., Sun, R., Coscia, F., Dendrou, C.A., Cortes, A., Kaur, G., Evans, H.G., Mollbrink, A., Navarro, J.F., Sonner, J.K., Mayer, C., DeLuca, G.C., Lundeberg, J., Matthews, P.M., Attfield, K.E., Friese, M.A., Mann, M., and Fugger, L.

Subjects
Cancer Research
Abstract

Progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by unrelenting neurodegeneration, which causes cumulative disability and is refractory to current treatments. Drug development to prevent disease progression is an urgent clinical need yet is constrained by an incomplete understanding of its complex pathogenesis. Using spatial transcriptomics and proteomics on fresh-frozen human MS brain tissue, we identified multicellular mechanisms of progressive MS pathogenesis and traced their origin in relation to spatially distributed stages of neurodegeneration. By resolving ligand-receptor interactions in local microenvironments, we discovered defunct trophic and anti-inflammatory intercellular communications within areas of early neuronal decline. Proteins associated with neuronal damage in patient samples showed mechanistic concordance with published in vivo knockdown and central nervous system (CNS) disease models, supporting their causal role and value as potential therapeutic targets in progressive MS. Our findings provide a new framework for drug development strategies, rooted in an understanding of the complex cellular and signaling dynamics in human diseased tissue that facilitate this debilitating disease.

Published
2022

6. Metabolome-wide association study on ABCA7 indicates a role of ceramide metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease

Author

Dehghan, A., Pinto, R.C., Karaman, I., Huang, J., Durainayagam, B.R., Ghanbari, M., Nazeer, A., Zhong, Q., Liggi, S., Whiley, L., Mustafa, R., Kivipelto, M., Solomon, A., Ngandu, T., Kanekiyo, T., Aikawa, T., Radulescu, C.I., Barnes, S.J., Graça, G., Chekmeneva, E., Camuzeaux, S., Lewis, M.R., Kaluarachchi, M.R., Ikram, M.A., Holmes, E., Tzoulaki, I., Matthews, P.M., Griffin, J.L., Elliott, P., Dehghan, A., Pinto, R.C., Karaman, I., Huang, J., Durainayagam, B.R., Ghanbari, M., Nazeer, A., Zhong, Q., Liggi, S., Whiley, L., Mustafa, R., Kivipelto, M., Solomon, A., Ngandu, T., Kanekiyo, T., Aikawa, T., Radulescu, C.I., Barnes, S.J., Graça, G., Chekmeneva, E., Camuzeaux, S., Lewis, M.R., Kaluarachchi, M.R., Ikram, M.A., Holmes, E., Tzoulaki, I., Matthews, P.M., Griffin, J.L., and Elliott, P.

Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified genetic loci associated with the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the molecular mechanisms by which they confer risk are largely unknown. We conducted a metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) of AD-associated loci from GWASs using untargeted metabolic profiling (metabolomics) by ultraperformance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). We identified an association of lactosylceramides (LacCer) with AD-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ABCA7 (P = 5.0 × 10−5 to 1.3 × 10−44). We showed that plasma LacCer concentrations are associated with cognitive performance and genetically modified levels of LacCer are associated with AD risk. We then showed that concentrations of sphingomyelins, ceramides, and hexosylceramides were altered in brain tissue from Abca7 knockout mice, compared with wild type (WT) (P = 0.049–1.4 × 10−5), but not in a mouse model of amyloidosis. Furthermore, activation of microglia increases intracellular concentrations of hexosylceramides in part through induction in the expression of sphingosine kinase, an enzyme with a high control coefficient for sphingolipid and ceramide synthesis. Our work suggests that the risk for AD arising from functional variations in ABCA7 is mediated at least in part through ceramides. Modulation of their metabolism or downstream signaling may offer new therapeutic opportunities for AD.

Published
2022

13. Short-term adaptation to a simple motor task: A physiological process preserved in multiple sclerosis

Author

Mancini, L., Ciccarelli, O., Manfredonia, F., Thornton, J.S., Agosta, F., Barkhof, F., Beckmann, C., De Stefano, N., Enzinger, C., Fazekas, F., Filippi, M., Gass, A., Hirsch, J.G., Johansen-Berg, H., Kappos, L., Korteweg, T., Manson, S.C., Marino, S., Matthews, P.M., Montalban, X., Palace, J., Polman, C., Rocca, M., Ropele, S., Rovira, A., Wegner, C., Friston, K., Thompson, A., and Yousry, T.

Published
2009
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14. Reproducibility of fMRI in the clinical setting: Implications for trial designs

Author

Bosnell, R., Wegner, C., Kincses, Z.T., Korteweg, T., Agosta, F., Ciccarelli, O., De Stefano, N., Gass, A., Hirsch, J., Johansen-Berg, H., Kappos, L., Barkhof, F., Mancini, L., Manfredonia, F., Marino, S., Miller, D.H., Montalban, X., Palace, J., Rocca, M., Enzinger, C., Ropele, S., Rovira, A., Smith, S., Thompson, A., Thornton, J., Yousry, T., Whitcher, B., Filippi, M., and Matthews, P.M.

Published
2008
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15. Pragmatic study of orlistat 60 mg on abdominal obesity

Author

Thomas, E.L., Makwana, A., Newbould, R., Rao, A.W., Gambarota, G., Frost, G., Delafont, B., Mishra, R.G., Matthews, P.M., Berk, E.S., Schwartz, S.M., Bell, J.D., and Beaver, J.D.

Subjects
Obesity -- Drug therapy -- Research -- Diagnosis, Orlistat -- Dosage and administration -- Research, Spectrum analysis -- Usage, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Background/Objectives: It is well established that combining a reduced calorie, low-fat diet with the lipase inhibitor orlistat results in significantly greater weight loss than placebo plus diet. This weight loss is accompanied by changes in adipose tissue (AT) distribution. As 60 mg orlistat is now available as an over-the-counter medication, the primary objective of this study was to determine whether 60 mg orlistat is effective as a weight loss option in a free- living community population with minimal professional input. Methods: AT and ectopic lipid content were measured using magnetic resonance imaging and ¹H MR spectroscopy, respectively, in 27 subjects following 3 months treatment with orlistat 60 mg and a reduced calorie, low-fat diet. Results: Significant reductions in intra-abdominal AT (-10.6%, P = 0.023), subcutaneous (-11.7% Po 0.0001) and pericardial fat (-9.8%, P = 0.034) volumes and intrahepatocellular lipids (-43.3%, P = 0.0003) were observed. These changes in body fat content and distribution were accompanied by improvements in plasma lipids and decreases in blood pressure and heart rate. Conclusion: These findings suggest that over-the-counter 60 mg orlistat, in combination with the type of advice a subject could expect to be given when obtaining 60 mg orlistat in a community setting, does indeed result in potentially clinically beneficial changes in body composition and risk factors for metabolic diseases. European journal of Clinical Nutrition (2011) 65, 1256-1262; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.108; published online 22 June 2011 Keywords: magnetic resonance imaging; intrahepatocellular lipid; adipose tissue; weight loss; orlistat; visceral fat, Introduction There is a paucity of prescription drugs available for long-term treatment of obesity. In Europe only Xenical (orlistat 120 mg) is currently licensed. In 2007, orlistat 60 mg (alli) [...]

Published
2011
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18. Publisher Correction: LifeTime and improving European healthcare through cell-based interceptive medicine (Nature, (2020), 587, 7834, (377-386), 10.1038/s41586-020-2715-9)

Author

Rajewsky, N. Almouzni, G. Gorski, S.A. Aerts, S. Amit, I. Bertero, M.G. Bock, C. Bredenoord, A.L. Cavalli, G. Chiocca, S. Clevers, H. De Strooper, B. Eggert, A. Ellenberg, J. Fernández, X.M. Figlerowicz, M. Gasser, S.M. Hubner, N. Kjems, J. Knoblich, J.A. Krabbe, G. Lichter, P. Linnarsson, S. Marine, J.-C. Marioni, J.C. Marti-Renom, M.A. Netea, M.G. Nickel, D. Nollmann, M. Novak, H.R. Parkinson, H. Piccolo, S. Pinheiro, I. Pombo, A. Popp, C. Reik, W. Roman-Roman, S. Rosenstiel, P. Schultze, J.L. Stegle, O. Tanay, A. Testa, G. Thanos, D. Theis, F.J. Torres-Padilla, M.-E. Valencia, A. Vallot, C. van Oudenaarden, A. Vidal, M. Voet, T. Alberi, L. Alexander, S. Alexandrov, T. Arenas, E. Bagni, C. Balderas, R. Bandelli, A. Becher, B. Becker, M. Beerenwinkel, N. Benkirane, M. Beyer, M. Bickmore, W.A. Biessen, E.E.A.L. Blomberg, N. Blumcke, I. Bodenmiller, B. Borroni, B. Boumpas, D.T. Bourgeron, T. Bowers, S. Braeken, D. Brooksbank, C. Brose, N. Bruining, H. Bury, J. Caporale, N. Cattoretti, G. Chabane, N. Chneiweiss, H. Cook, S.A. Curatolo, P. de Jonge, M.I. Deplancke, B. de Witte, P. Dimmeler, S. Draganski, B. Drews, A. Dumbrava, C. Engelhardt, S. Gasser, T. Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E.J. Graff, C. Grün, D. Gut, I.G. Hansson, O. Henshall, D.C. Herland, A. Heutink, P. Heymans, S.R.B. Heyn, H. Huch, M. Huitinga, I. Jackowiak, P. Jongsma, K.R. Journot, L. Junker, J.P. Katz, S. Kehren, J. Kempa, S. Kirchhof, P. Klein, C. Koralewska, N. Korbel, J.O. Kühnemund, M. Lamond, A.I. Lauwers, E. Le Ber, I. Leinonen, V. López-Tobón, A. Lundberg, E. Lunkes, A. Maatz, H. Mann, M. Marelli, L. Matser, V. Matthews, P.M. Mechta-Grigoriou, F. Menon, R. Nielsen, A.F. Pagani, M. Pasterkamp, R.J. Pitkänen, A. Popescu, V. Pottier, C. Puisieux, A. Rademakers, R. Reiling, D. Reiner, O. Remondini, D. Ritchie, C. Rohrer, J.D. Saliba, A.-E. Sanchez-Valle, R. Santosuosso, A. Sauter, A. Scheltema, R.A. Scheltens, P. Schiller, H.B. Schneider, A. Seibler, P. Sheehan-Rooney, K. Shields, D.J. Sleegers, K. Smit, A.B. Smith, K.G.C. Smolders, I. Synofzik, M. Tam, W.L. Teichmann, S.A. Thom, M. Turco, M.Y. van Beusekom, H.M.M. Vandenberghe, R. Van den Hoecke, S. van de Poel, I. van der Ven, A. van der Zee, J. van Lunzen, J. van Minnebruggen, G. van Oudenaarden, A. Van Paesschen, W. van Swieten, J.C. van Vught, R. Verhage, M. Verstreken, P. Villa, C.E. Vogel, J. von Kalle, C. Walter, J. Weckhuysen, S. Weichert, W. Wood, L. Ziegler, A.-G. Zipp, F. LifeTime Community Working Groups

Subjects
ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING
Abstract

In this Perspective, owing to an error in the HTML, the surname of author Alejandro López-Tobón of the LifeTime Community Working Groups consortium was indexed as ‘Tobon’ rather than ‘López-Tobón’ and the accents were missing. The HTML version of the original Perspective has been corrected; the PDF and print versions were always correct. © 2021, The Author(s).

Published
2021

19. Tensor dropout for robust learning

Author

Kolbeinsson, A. Kossaifi, J. Panagakis, Y. Bulat, A. Kumar, A.A. Tzoulaki, I. Matthews, P.M.

Abstract

CNNs achieve high levels of performance by leveraging deep, over-parametrized neural architectures, trained on large datasets. However, they exhibit limited generalization abilities outside their training domain and lack robustness to corruptions such as noise and adversarial attacks. To improve robustness and obtain more computationally and memory efficient models, better inductive biases are needed. To provide such inductive biases, tensor layers have been successfully proposed to leverage multi-linear structure through higher-order computations. In this paper, we propose tensor dropout, a randomization technique that can be applied to tensor factorizations, such as those parametrizing tensor layers. In particular, we study tensor regression layers, parametrized by low-rank weight tensors and augmented with our proposed tensor dropout. We empirically show that our approach improves generalization for image classification on ImageNet and CIFAR-100. We also establish state-of-the-art accuracy for phenotypic trait prediction on the largest available dataset of brain MRI (U.K. Biobank), where multi-linear structure is paramount. In all cases, we demonstrate superior performance and significantly improved robustness, both to noisy inputs and to adversarial attacks. We establish the theoretical validity of our approach and the regularizing effect of tensor dropout by demonstrating the link between randomized tensor regression with tensor dropout and deterministic regularized tensor regression. © 2007-2012 IEEE.

Published
2021

25. Cerebral small vessel disease genomics and its implications across the lifespan

Author

Sargurupremraj, M., Suzuki, H., Jian, X.Q., Sarnowski, C., Evans, T.E., Bis, J.C., Eiriksdottir, G., Sakaue, S., Terzikhan, N., Habes, M., Zhao, W., Armstrong, N.J., Hofer, E., Yanek, L.R., Hagenaars, S.P., Kumar, R.B., Akker, E.B. van den, McWhirter, R.E., Trompet, S., Mishra, A., Saba, Y., Satizabal, C.L., Beaudet, G., Petit, L., Tsuchida, A., Zago, L., Schilling, S., Sigurdsson, S., Gottesman, R.F., Lewis, C.E., Aggarwal, N.T., Lopez, O.L., Smith, J.A., Hernandez, M.C.V., Grond, J. van der, Wright, M.J., Knol, M.J., Dorr, M., Thomson, R.J., Bordes, C., Grand, Q. le, Duperron, M.G., Smith, A.V., Knopman, D.S., Schreiner, P.J., Evans, D.A., Rotter, J.I., Beiser, A.S., Maniega, S.M., Beekman, M., Trollor, J., Stott, D.J., Vernooij, M.W., Wittfeld, K., Niessen, W.J., Soumare, A., Boerwinkle, E., Sidney, S., Turner, S.T., Davies, G., Thalamuthu, A., Volker, U., Buchem, M.A. van, Bryan, R.N., Dupuis, J., Bastin, M.E., Ames, D., Teumer, A., Amouyel, P., Kwok, J.B., Bulow, R., Deary, I.J., Schofield, P.R., Brodaty, H., Jiang, J.Y., Tabara, Y., Setoh, K., Miyamoto, S., Yoshida, K., Nagata, M., Kamatani, Y., Matsuda, F., Psaty, B.M., Bennett, D.A., Jager, P.L. de, Mosley, T.H., Sachdev, P.S., Schmidt, R., Warren, H.R., Evangelou, E., Tregouet, D.A., Ikram, M.A., Wen, W., DeCarli, C., Srikanth, V.K., Jukema, J.W., Slagboom, E.P., Kardia, S.L.R., Okada, Y., Mazoyer, B., Wardlaw, J.M., Nyquist, P.A., Mather, K.A., Grabe, H.J., Schmidt, H., Duijn, C.M. van, Gudnason, V., Longstreth, W.T., Launer, L.J., Lathrop, M., Seshadri, S., Tzourio, C., Adams, H.H., Matthews, P.M., Fornage, M., Debette, S., Int Network Thrombosis INVENT Cons, and Int Headache Genomics Consortium I

Subjects
Adult, Male, Science, BLOOD-PRESSURE, Risk Assessment, behavioral disciplines and activities, GENETIC ARCHITECTURE, Young Adult, Alzheimer Disease, Risk Factors, mental disorders, WHITE-MATTER HYPERINTENSITIES, WIDE ASSOCIATION, Humans, International Headache Genomics Consortium (IHGC), CELL-TYPES, Medical History Taking, METAANALYSIS, AGING RESEARCH, Aged, RISK, Aged, 80 and over, Science & Technology, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Middle Aged, COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT, White Matter, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Stroke, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Genetic Loci, Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases, Hypertension, MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Female, International Network against Thrombosis (INVENT) Consortium, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are the most common brain-imaging feature of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), hypertension being the main known risk factor. Here, we identify 27 genome-wide loci for WMH-volume in a cohort of 50,970 older individuals, accounting for modification/confounding by hypertension. Aggregated WMH risk variants were associated with altered white matter integrity (p=2.5x10-7) in brain images from 1,738 young healthy adults, providing insight into the lifetime impact of SVD genetic risk. Mendelian randomization suggested causal association of increasing WMH-volume with stroke, Alzheimer-type dementia, and of increasing blood pressure (BP) with larger WMH-volume, notably also in persons without clinical hypertension. Transcriptome-wide colocalization analyses showed association of WMH-volume with expression of 39 genes, of which four encode known drug targets. Finally, we provide insight into BP-independent biological pathways underlying SVD and suggest potential for genetic stratification of high-risk individuals and for genetically-informed prioritization of drug targets for prevention trials. White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a common brain-imaging feature of cerebral small vessel disease. Here, the authors carry out a GWAS and followup analyses for WMH-volume, implicating several variants with potential for risk stratification and drug targeting.

Published
2020

26. Tryptophan-metabolizing gut microbes regulate adult neurogenesis via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor

Author

Wei, G.Z., Martin, K.A., Xing, P.Y., Agrawal, R., Whiley, L., Wood, T.K., Hejndorf, S., Ng, Y.Z., Low, J.Z.Y., Rossant, J., Nechanitzky, R., Holmes, E., Nicholson, J.K., Tan, E-K, Matthews, P.M., Pettersson, S., Wei, G.Z., Martin, K.A., Xing, P.Y., Agrawal, R., Whiley, L., Wood, T.K., Hejndorf, S., Ng, Y.Z., Low, J.Z.Y., Rossant, J., Nechanitzky, R., Holmes, E., Nicholson, J.K., Tan, E-K, Matthews, P.M., and Pettersson, S.

Abstract

While modulatory effects of gut microbes on neurological phenotypes have been reported, the mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that indole, a tryptophan metabolite produced by tryptophanase-expressing gut microbes, elicits neurogenic effects in the adult mouse hippocampus. Neurogenesis is reduced in germ-free (GF) mice and in GF mice monocolonized with a single-gene tnaA knockout (KO) mutant Escherichia coli unable to produce indole. External administration of systemic indole increases adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus in these mouse models and in specific pathogen-free (SPF) control mice. Indole-treated mice display elevated synaptic markers postsynaptic density protein 95 and synaptophysin, suggesting synaptic maturation effects in vivo. By contrast, neurogenesis is not induced by indole in aryl hydrocarbon receptor KO (AhR−/−) mice or in ex vivo neurospheres derived from them. Neural progenitor cells exposed to indole exit the cell cycle, terminally differentiate, and mature into neurons that display longer and more branched neurites. These effects are not observed with kynurenine, another AhR ligand. The indole-AhR–mediated signaling pathway elevated the expression of β-catenin, Neurog2, and VEGF-α genes, thus identifying a molecular pathway connecting gut microbiota composition and their metabolic function to neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus. Our data have implications for the understanding of mechanisms of brain aging and for potential next-generation therapeutic opportunities.

Published
2021

28. Changes in connectivity profiles define functionally distinct regions in human medial frontal cortex

Author

Johansen-Berg, H., Behrens, T.E.J., Robson, M.D., Drobnjak, I., Rushworth, M.F.S., Brady, J.M., Smith, S.M., Higham, D.J., and Matthews, P.M.

Subjects
Neurology -- Research, Science and technology
Abstract

A fundamental issue in neuroscience is the relation between structure and function. However, gross landmarks do not correspond well to microstructural borders and cytoarchitecture cannot be visualized in a living brain used for functional studies. Here, we used diffusion-weighted and functional MRI to test structure-function relations directly. Distinct neocortical regions were defined as volumes having similar connectivity profiles and borders identified where connectivity changed. Without using prior information, we found an abrupt profile change where the border between supplementary motor area (SMA) and pre-SMA is expected. Consistent with this anatomical assignment, putative SMA and pre-SMA connected to motor and prefrontal regions, respectively. Excellent spatial correlations were found between volumes defined by using connectivity alone and volumes activated during tasks designed to involve SMA or pre-SMA selectively. This finding demonstrates a strong relationship between structure and function in medial frontal cortex and offers a strategy for testing such correspondences elsewhere in the brain.

Published
2004

29. Functional magnetic resonance imaging

Author

Matthews, P.M. and Jezzard, P.

Subjects
Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004;75:6-12 Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a powerful approach to defining activity in the healthy and diseased human brain. BOLD [...]

Published
2004

32. An expanded cortical representation for hand movement after peripheral motor denervation. (Paper)

Author

Reddy, H., Bendahan, D., Lee, M.A., Johansen-Berg, H., Donaghy, M., Hilton-Jones, D., and Matthews, P.M.

Subjects
Motor ability -- Physiological aspects -- Research, Denervation -- Physiological aspects -- Research, Neurophysiology -- Research -- Physiological aspects, Health, Psychology and mental health, Physiological aspects, Research
Abstract

Objectives: Functional reorganisation of the motor or sensory cortex has been demonstrated in animals after section of mixed peripheral nerves. Here functional changes in the motor cortex specifically after peripheral [...]

Published
2002

36. Accelerated MRI-predicted brain ageing and its associations with cardiometabolic and brain disorders

Author

Kolbeinsson, A. Filippi, S. Panagakis, Y. Matthews, P.M. Elliott, P. Dehghan, A. Tzoulaki, I.

Abstract

Brain structure in later life reflects both influences of intrinsic aging and those of lifestyle, environment and disease. We developed a deep neural network model trained on brain MRI scans of healthy people to predict “healthy” brain age. Brain regions most informative for the prediction included the cerebellum, hippocampus, amygdala and insular cortex. We then applied this model to data from an independent group of people not stratified for health. A phenome-wide association analysis of over 1,410 traits in the UK Biobank with differences between the predicted and chronological ages for the second group identified significant associations with over 40 traits including diseases (e.g., type I and type II diabetes), disease risk factors (e.g., increased diastolic blood pressure and body mass index), and poorer cognitive function. These observations highlight relationships between brain and systemic health and have implications for understanding contributions of the latter to late life dementia risk. © 2020, The Author(s).

Published
2020

38. Cerebral small vessel disease genomics and its implications across the lifespan

Author

Sargurupremraj, M. (Muralidharan), Suzuki, H. (Hideaki), Jian, X. (Xueqiu), Sarnowski, C., Evans, T.E (Tavia), Bis, J.C. (Joshua), Eiriksdottir, G. (Gudny), Sakaue, S. (Saori), Terzikhan, N. (Natalie), Habes, M. (Mohamad), Zhao, W. (Wei), Armstrong, N.J. (Nicola J.), Hofer, E. (Edith), Yanek, L.R. (Lisa), Hagenaars, S.P. (Saskia P.), Kumar, R.B. (Rajan B.), Akker, E.B. (Erik) van den, McWhirter, R.E. (Rebekah E.), Trompet, S. (Stella), Mishra, A. (Aniket), Saba, Y. (Yasaman), Satizabal, C.L. (Claudia), Beaudet, G. (Gregory), Petit, L. (Laurent), Tsuchida, A. (Ami), Zago, L. (Laure), Schilling, S. (Sabrina), Sigurdsson, S. (Stefan), Gottesman, R.F. (Rebecca), Lewis, C.E. (Cora E.), Aggarwal, N.T. (Neelum T.), Lopez, O.L. (Oscar), Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Valdés Hernández, M.C. (Maria C.), van der Grond, J. (Jeroen), Wright, M.J. (Margaret), Knol, M.J. (Maria J.), Dörr, M. (Marcus), Thomson, R. (Russell), Bordes, C. (Constance), Le Grand, Q. (Quentin), Duperron, M.-G. (Marie-Gabrielle), Smith, A.V. (Albert), Knopman, D.S. (David), Schreiner, P.J. (Pamela), Evans, D.A. (Denis A.), Rotter, J.I. (Jerome I.), Beiser, A. (Alexa), Maniega, S.M. (Susana Muñoz), Beekman, M. (Marian), Trollor, J., Stott, D.J. (David. J.), Vernooij, M.W. (Meike), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Niessen, W.J. (Wiro), Soumaré, A. (Aicha), Boerwinkle, E.A. (Eric), Sidney, S. (Stephen), Turner, S.T. (Stephen), Davies, G. (Gail), Thalamuthu, A. (Anbupalam), Völker, U. (Uwe), Buchem, M.A. (Mark) van, Bryan, R.N. (R. Nick), Amin, N. (Najaf), Bastin, M.E. (Mark), Ames, D.J. (David), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Kwok, J.B. (John B.), Bülow, R. (Robin), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Schofield, P.R. (Peter R.), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Tabara, Y. (Yasuharu), Setoh, K. (Kazuya), Miyamoto, S. (Susumu), Yoshida, K. (Kazumichi), Nagata, M. (Manabu), Kamatani, Y. (Yoichiro), Matsuda, F. (Fumihiko), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce), Bennett, D.A. (David), De Jager, P., Mosley, T.H. (Thomas H.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Schmidt, R. (Reinhold), Warren, H. (Helen), Evangelou, E. (Evangelos), Trégouët, D.-A. (David-Alexandre), Andrade, M. (Mariza) de, Basu, S. (Saonli), Berr, C. (Claudine), Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel I.), Dartigues, J.-F., Folsom, A.R. (Aaron), Germain, M. (Marine), de Haan, H. (Hugoline), Heit, J.A. (John), Houwing-Duitermaat, J. (Jeanine), Kabrhel, C. (Christopher), Kraft, P. (Peter), Legal, G. (Grégoire), Lindström, S. (Sara), Monajemi, R. (Ramin), Morange, P.-E. (P.), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce M.), Reitsma, P.H. (Pieter H.), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Rose, L.M. (Lynda M.), Peyvandi, F. (Flora), Saut, N. (Noemie), Slagboom, E. (Eline), Smadja, D. (David), Smith, N.L. (Nicholas L.), Suchon, P. (Pierre), Tang, W. (Weihong), Taylor, K.D. (Kent D.), Tregouet, D.-A. (David-Alexandre), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Visser, M.C.H. (Marieke) de, Hylckama Vlieg, A. (Astrid) van, Weng, L.-C., Wiggins, K.L. (Kerri L.), Gormley, A.M., Anttila, V. (Verneri), Winsvold, B.S. (Bendik S.), Palta, P. (Priit), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Pers, T.H. (Tune H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Cuenca-Leon, E. (Ester), Muona, M. (Mikko), Furlotte, N.A. (Nicholas A.), Kurth, T. (Tobias), Ingason, A. (Andres), McMahon, G. (George), Ligthart, L. (Lannie), Terwindt, G.M. (Gisela M.), Todt, U. (Unda), Freilinger, T.M. (Tobias M.), Ran, C. (Caroline), Gordon, S.G. (Scott G.), Stam, A.H. (Anine), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Borck, G. (Guntram), Koiranen, M. (Markku), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab H. H.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Sarin, A.-P., Wedenoja, J. (Juho), Hinds, D.A. (David A.), Buring, J.E. (Julie), Schürks, M. (Markus), Ridker, P.M. (Paul M.), Gudlaug Hrafnsdottir, M. (Maria), Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Ring, S.M. (Susan M.), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Färkkilä, M. (Markus), Artto, V. (Ville), Kaunisto, M.A. (Mari), Vepsäläinen, S. (Salli), Malik, R. (Rainer), Heath, A.C. (Andrew), Madden, P.A.F. (Pamela A. F.), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Kurki, M. (Mitja), Kals, M. (Mart), Mägi, R. (Reedik), Pärn, K. (Kalle), Hämäläinen, E. (Eija), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Byrnes, A.E. (Andrea E.), Franke, L. (Lude), Huang, J. (Jie), Stergiakouli, E. (Evie), Lee, P.H. (Phil H.), Sandor, C. (Cynthia), Webber, C. (Caleb), Cader, Z. (Zameel), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Schreiber, S. (Stefan), Meitinger, T. (Thomas), Hagen, K. (Knut), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Heikkilä, K. (Kauko), Loehrer, E. (Elizabeth), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Hofman, A. (Albert), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Cherkas, L. (Lynn), Pedersen, L.M. (Linda M.), Stubhaug, A. (Audun), Nielsen, C.S. (Christopher S.), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Mihailov, E. (Evelin), Milani, L. (Lili), Esserlind, A.-L. (Ann-Louise), Francke Christensen, A. (Anne), Folkmann Hansen, T. (Thomas), Werge, T. (Thomas), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Aromaa, A. (Arpo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ikram, M.A. (M. Arfan), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Kubisch, C. (Christian), Beckmann, J.S. (Jacques), Ferrari, M.D. (Michel), Belin, A.C. (Andrea C.), Wessman, M. (Maija), van den Maagdenberg, A.M.J.M. (Arn M. J. M.), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Davey Smith, G. (George), Eriksson, N. (Nicholas), Daly, M.J. (Mark), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Olesen, J. (Jes), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Nyholt, D.R. (Dale), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Wen, W. (Wei), DeCarli, C. (Charles), Srikanth, V. (Velandai), Jukema, J.W. (Jan Wouter), Slagboom, P.E. (Eline), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon), Okada, Y. (Yukinori), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), Wardlaw, J.M. (J.), Nyquist, P. (Paul), Mather, R., Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Schmidt, H. (Helena), Van Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia M.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Longstreth Jr, W.T., Launer, L.J. (Lenore), Lathrop, M. (Mark), Seshadri, S. (Sudha), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab), Matthews, P.M. (P.), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Debette, S. (Stéphanie), Sargurupremraj, M. (Muralidharan), Suzuki, H. (Hideaki), Jian, X. (Xueqiu), Sarnowski, C., Evans, T.E (Tavia), Bis, J.C. (Joshua), Eiriksdottir, G. (Gudny), Sakaue, S. (Saori), Terzikhan, N. (Natalie), Habes, M. (Mohamad), Zhao, W. (Wei), Armstrong, N.J. (Nicola J.), Hofer, E. (Edith), Yanek, L.R. (Lisa), Hagenaars, S.P. (Saskia P.), Kumar, R.B. (Rajan B.), Akker, E.B. (Erik) van den, McWhirter, R.E. (Rebekah E.), Trompet, S. (Stella), Mishra, A. (Aniket), Saba, Y. (Yasaman), Satizabal, C.L. (Claudia), Beaudet, G. (Gregory), Petit, L. (Laurent), Tsuchida, A. (Ami), Zago, L. (Laure), Schilling, S. (Sabrina), Sigurdsson, S. (Stefan), Gottesman, R.F. (Rebecca), Lewis, C.E. (Cora E.), Aggarwal, N.T. (Neelum T.), Lopez, O.L. (Oscar), Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Valdés Hernández, M.C. (Maria C.), van der Grond, J. (Jeroen), Wright, M.J. (Margaret), Knol, M.J. (Maria J.), Dörr, M. (Marcus), Thomson, R. (Russell), Bordes, C. (Constance), Le Grand, Q. (Quentin), Duperron, M.-G. (Marie-Gabrielle), Smith, A.V. (Albert), Knopman, D.S. (David), Schreiner, P.J. (Pamela), Evans, D.A. (Denis A.), Rotter, J.I. (Jerome I.), Beiser, A. (Alexa), Maniega, S.M. (Susana Muñoz), Beekman, M. (Marian), Trollor, J., Stott, D.J. (David. J.), Vernooij, M.W. (Meike), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Niessen, W.J. (Wiro), Soumaré, A. (Aicha), Boerwinkle, E.A. (Eric), Sidney, S. (Stephen), Turner, S.T. (Stephen), Davies, G. (Gail), Thalamuthu, A. (Anbupalam), Völker, U. (Uwe), Buchem, M.A. (Mark) van, Bryan, R.N. (R. Nick), Amin, N. (Najaf), Bastin, M.E. (Mark), Ames, D.J. (David), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Kwok, J.B. (John B.), Bülow, R. (Robin), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Schofield, P.R. (Peter R.), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Tabara, Y. (Yasuharu), Setoh, K. (Kazuya), Miyamoto, S. (Susumu), Yoshida, K. (Kazumichi), Nagata, M. (Manabu), Kamatani, Y. (Yoichiro), Matsuda, F. (Fumihiko), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce), Bennett, D.A. (David), De Jager, P., Mosley, T.H. (Thomas H.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Schmidt, R. (Reinhold), Warren, H. (Helen), Evangelou, E. (Evangelos), Trégouët, D.-A. (David-Alexandre), Andrade, M. (Mariza) de, Basu, S. (Saonli), Berr, C. (Claudine), Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel I.), Dartigues, J.-F., Folsom, A.R. (Aaron), Germain, M. (Marine), de Haan, H. (Hugoline), Heit, J.A. (John), Houwing-Duitermaat, J. (Jeanine), Kabrhel, C. (Christopher), Kraft, P. (Peter), Legal, G. (Grégoire), Lindström, S. (Sara), Monajemi, R. (Ramin), Morange, P.-E. (P.), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce M.), Reitsma, P.H. (Pieter H.), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Rose, L.M. (Lynda M.), Peyvandi, F. (Flora), Saut, N. (Noemie), Slagboom, E. (Eline), Smadja, D. (David), Smith, N.L. (Nicholas L.), Suchon, P. (Pierre), Tang, W. (Weihong), Taylor, K.D. (Kent D.), Tregouet, D.-A. (David-Alexandre), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Visser, M.C.H. (Marieke) de, Hylckama Vlieg, A. (Astrid) van, Weng, L.-C., Wiggins, K.L. (Kerri L.), Gormley, A.M., Anttila, V. (Verneri), Winsvold, B.S. (Bendik S.), Palta, P. (Priit), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Pers, T.H. (Tune H.), Farh, K.-H. (Kai-How), Cuenca-Leon, E. (Ester), Muona, M. (Mikko), Furlotte, N.A. (Nicholas A.), Kurth, T. (Tobias), Ingason, A. (Andres), McMahon, G. (George), Ligthart, L. (Lannie), Terwindt, G.M. (Gisela M.), Todt, U. (Unda), Freilinger, T.M. (Tobias M.), Ran, C. (Caroline), Gordon, S.G. (Scott G.), Stam, A.H. (Anine), Steinberg, S. (Stacy), Borck, G. (Guntram), Koiranen, M. (Markku), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab H. H.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Sarin, A.-P., Wedenoja, J. (Juho), Hinds, D.A. (David A.), Buring, J.E. (Julie), Schürks, M. (Markus), Ridker, P.M. (Paul M.), Gudlaug Hrafnsdottir, M. (Maria), Stefansson, H. (Hreinn), Ring, S.M. (Susan M.), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Färkkilä, M. (Markus), Artto, V. (Ville), Kaunisto, M.A. (Mari), Vepsäläinen, S. (Salli), Malik, R. (Rainer), Heath, A.C. (Andrew), Madden, P.A.F. (Pamela A. F.), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Kurki, M. (Mitja), Kals, M. (Mart), Mägi, R. (Reedik), Pärn, K. (Kalle), Hämäläinen, E. (Eija), Huang, H. (Hailiang), Byrnes, A.E. (Andrea E.), Franke, L. (Lude), Huang, J. (Jie), Stergiakouli, E. (Evie), Lee, P.H. (Phil H.), Sandor, C. (Cynthia), Webber, C. (Caleb), Cader, Z. (Zameel), Müller-Myhsok, B. (B.), Schreiber, S. (Stefan), Meitinger, T. (Thomas), Hagen, K. (Knut), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Heikkilä, K. (Kauko), Loehrer, E. (Elizabeth), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Hofman, A. (Albert), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Cherkas, L. (Lynn), Pedersen, L.M. (Linda M.), Stubhaug, A. (Audun), Nielsen, C.S. (Christopher S.), Männikkö, M. (Minna), Mihailov, E. (Evelin), Milani, L. (Lili), Esserlind, A.-L. (Ann-Louise), Francke Christensen, A. (Anne), Folkmann Hansen, T. (Thomas), Werge, T. (Thomas), Kaprio, J. (Jaakko), Aromaa, A. (Arpo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ikram, M.A. (M. Arfan), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Kubisch, C. (Christian), Beckmann, J.S. (Jacques), Ferrari, M.D. (Michel), Belin, A.C. (Andrea C.), Wessman, M. (Maija), van den Maagdenberg, A.M.J.M. (Arn M. J. M.), Zwart, J-A. (John-Anker), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Davey Smith, G. (George), Eriksson, N. (Nicholas), Daly, M.J. (Mark), Neale, B.M. (Benjamin), Olesen, J. (Jes), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Nyholt, D.R. (Dale), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Wen, W. (Wei), DeCarli, C. (Charles), Srikanth, V. (Velandai), Jukema, J.W. (Jan Wouter), Slagboom, P.E. (Eline), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon), Okada, Y. (Yukinori), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), Wardlaw, J.M. (J.), Nyquist, P. (Paul), Mather, R., Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Schmidt, H. (Helena), Van Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia M.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Longstreth Jr, W.T., Launer, L.J. (Lenore), Lathrop, M. (Mark), Seshadri, S. (Sudha), Adams, H.H.H. (Hieab), Matthews, P.M. (P.), Fornage, M. (Myriam), and Debette, S. (Stéphanie)

Abstract

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are the most common brain-imaging feature of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), hypertension being the main known risk factor. Here, we identify 27 genome-wide loci for WMH-volume in a cohort of 50,970 older individuals, accounting for modification/confounding by hypertension. Aggregated WMH risk variants were associated with altered white matter integrity (p = 2.5×10-7) in brain images from 1,738 young healthy adults, providing insight into the lifetime impact of SVD genetic risk. Mendelian randomization suggested causal association of increasing WMH-volume with stroke, Alzheimer-type dementia, and of increasing blood pressure (BP) with larger WMH-volume, notably also in persons without clinical hypertension. Transcriptome-wide colocalization analyses showed association of WMH-volume with expression of 39 genes, of which four encode known drug targets. Finally, we provide insight into BP-independent biological pathways underlying SVD and suggest potential for genetic stratification of high-risk individuals and for genetically-informed prioritization of drug targets for prevention trials.

Published
2020
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39. LifeTime and improving European healthcare through cell-based interceptive medicine

Author

Rajewsky, N. (Nikolaus), Almouzni, G. (Geneviève), Gorski, S.A. (Stanislaw A.), Aerts, S. (Stein), Amit, I. (Ido), Bertero, M.G. (Michela G.), Bock, C. (Christoph), Bredenoord, A.L. (Annelien L.), Cavalli, G. (Giacomo), Chiocca, S. (Susanna), Clevers, H.C. (Hans), Strooper, B. (Bart) de, Eggert, A. (Angelika), Ellenberg, J. (Jan), Fernández, X.M. (Xosé M.), Figlerowicz, M. (Marek), Gasser, S.M. (Susan M.), Hübner, N. (Norbert), Kjems, J. (Jørgen), Knoblich, J.A. (Jürgen A.), Krabbe, G. (Grietje), Lichter, P. (Peter), Linnarsson, S. (Sten), Marine, J.-C. (J.), Marioni, J. (John), Marti-Renom, M.A. (Marc A.), Netea, M.G. (Mihai), Nickel, D. (Dörthe), Nollmann, M. (Marcelo), Novak, H.R. (Halina R.), Parkinson, H. (Helen), Piccolo, S. (Stefano), Pinheiro, I. (Inês), Pombo, A. (Ana), Popp, C. (Christian), Reik, W. (Wolf), Roman-Roman, S. (Sergio), Rosenstiel, P. (Philip), Schultze, J.L. (Joachim), Stegle, O. (Oliver), Tanay, A. (Amos), Testa, G. (Giuseppe), Thanos, D. (Dimitris), Theis, F. (Fabian), Torres-Padilla, M.-E. (Maria-Elena), Valencia, A. (Alfonso), Vallot, C. (Céline), van Oudenaarden, A. (Alexander), Vidal, M. (Marie), Voet, T. (Thierry), Alberi, L. (Lavinia), Alexander, S. (Stephanie), Alexandrov, T. (Theodore), Arenas, E. (Ernest), Bagni, C. (Claudia), Balderas, R. (Robert), Bandelli, A. (Andrea), Becher, B. (Burkhard), Becker, M. (Matthias), Beerenwinkel, N. (Niko), Benkirame, M. (Monsef), Beyer, M. (Marc), Bickmore, W. (Wendy), Biessen, E.E.A.L. (Erik E.A.L.), Blomberg, N. (Niklas), Blumcke, I. (Ingmar), Bodenmiller, B. (Bernd), Borroni, B. (Barbara), Boumpas, D.T. (Dimitrios T.), Bourgeron, T. (Thomas), Bowers, S. (Sarion), Braeken, D. (Dries), Brooksbank, C. (Catherine), Brose, N. (Nils), Bruining, J. (Hans), Bury, J. (Jo), Caporale, N. (Nicolo), Cattoretti, G. (Giorgio), Chabane, N. (Nadia), Chneiweiss, H. (Hervé), Cook, S.A. (Stuart A.), Curatolo, P. (Paolo), Jonge, M.I. (Marien) de, Deplancke, B. (Bart), De Strooper, B. (Bart), de Witte, P. (Peter), Dimmeler, S. (Stefanie), Draganski, B. (Bogdan), Drews, A.-D. (Anna-Dorothee), Dumbrava, C. (Costica), Engelhardt, S. (Stefan), Gasser, T. (Thomas), Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E. (Evangelos), Graff, C. (Caroline), Grün, D. (Dominic), Gut, I. (Ivo), Hansson, O. (Oskar), Henshall, D.C. (David C.), Herland, A. (Anna), Heutink, P. (Peter), Heymans, S. (Stephane), Heyn, H. (Holger), Huch, M. (Meritxell), Huitinga, I. (Inge), Jackowiak, P. (Paulina), Jongsma, K.R. (Karin), Journot, L. (Laurent), Junker, J.P. (Jan Philipp), Katz, S. (Shauna), Kehren, J. (Jeanne), Kempa, S. (Stefan), Kirchhof, P. (Paulus), Klein, C. (Christoph), Koralewska, N. (Natalia), Korbel, J.O. (Jan), Kühnemund, M. (Malte), Lamond, A.I. (Angus I.), Lauwers, E. (Elsa), Le Ber, I. (Isabelle), Leinonen, V. (Ville), Tobon, A.L. (Alejandro Lopez), Lundberg, E. (Emma), Lunkes, A. (Astrid), Maatz, H. (Henrike), Mann, M. (Mathias), Marelli, L. (Luca), Matser, V. (Vera), Matthews, P.M. (P.), Mechta-Grigoriou, F. (Fatima), Menon, R. (Radhika), Nielsen, A.F. (Anne F.), Pagani, M. (Massimiliano), Pasterkamp, R.J. (Jeroen), Pitkanen, A. (Asla), Popescu, V. (Valentin), Pottier, C. (Cyril), Puisieux, A. (Alain), Rademakers, R. (Rosa), Reiling, D. (Dory), Reiner, O. (Orly), Remondini, D. (Daniel), Ritchie, C. (Craig), Rohrer, J.D. (Jonathan D.), Saliba, A.-E. (Antione-Emmanuel), Sánchez-Valle, R. (Raquel), Santosuosso, A. (Amedeo), Sauter, A. (Arnold), Scheltema, R.A. (Richard A.), Scheltens, P. (Philip), Schiller, H.B. (Herbert B.), Schneider, A. (Anja), Seibler, P. (Philip), Sheehan-Rooney, K. (Kelly), Shields, D. (David), Sleegers, K. (Kristel), Smit, G. (Guus), Smith, K.G.C. (Kenneth G. C.), Smolders, I. (Ilse), Synofzik, M. (Matthis), Tam, W.L. (Wai Long), Teichmann, S. (Sarah), Thom, M. (Maria), Turco, M.Y. (Margherita Y.), Beusekom, H.M.M. (Heleen) van, Vandenberghe, R. (Rik), den Hoecke, S.V. (Silvie Van), Van de Poel, E. (Ellen), der Ven, A. (Andre van), van der Zee, J. (Julie), van Lunzen, J. (Jan), van Minnebruggen, G. (Geert), Van Paesschen, W. (Wim), Swieten, J.C. (John) van, van Vught, R. (Remko), Verhage, M. (Matthijs), Verstreken, P. (Patrik), Villa, C.E. (Carlo Emanuele), Vogel, J. (Jörg), Kalle, C. (Christof) von, Walter, J. (Jörn), Weckhuysen, S. (Sarah), Weichert, W. (Wilko), Wood, L. (Louisa), Ziegler, A.-G. (Anette-Gabriele), Zipp, F. (Frauke), Rajewsky, N. (Nikolaus), Almouzni, G. (Geneviève), Gorski, S.A. (Stanislaw A.), Aerts, S. (Stein), Amit, I. (Ido), Bertero, M.G. (Michela G.), Bock, C. (Christoph), Bredenoord, A.L. (Annelien L.), Cavalli, G. (Giacomo), Chiocca, S. (Susanna), Clevers, H.C. (Hans), Strooper, B. (Bart) de, Eggert, A. (Angelika), Ellenberg, J. (Jan), Fernández, X.M. (Xosé M.), Figlerowicz, M. (Marek), Gasser, S.M. (Susan M.), Hübner, N. (Norbert), Kjems, J. (Jørgen), Knoblich, J.A. (Jürgen A.), Krabbe, G. (Grietje), Lichter, P. (Peter), Linnarsson, S. (Sten), Marine, J.-C. (J.), Marioni, J. (John), Marti-Renom, M.A. (Marc A.), Netea, M.G. (Mihai), Nickel, D. (Dörthe), Nollmann, M. (Marcelo), Novak, H.R. (Halina R.), Parkinson, H. (Helen), Piccolo, S. (Stefano), Pinheiro, I. (Inês), Pombo, A. (Ana), Popp, C. (Christian), Reik, W. (Wolf), Roman-Roman, S. (Sergio), Rosenstiel, P. (Philip), Schultze, J.L. (Joachim), Stegle, O. (Oliver), Tanay, A. (Amos), Testa, G. (Giuseppe), Thanos, D. (Dimitris), Theis, F. (Fabian), Torres-Padilla, M.-E. (Maria-Elena), Valencia, A. (Alfonso), Vallot, C. (Céline), van Oudenaarden, A. (Alexander), Vidal, M. (Marie), Voet, T. (Thierry), Alberi, L. (Lavinia), Alexander, S. (Stephanie), Alexandrov, T. (Theodore), Arenas, E. (Ernest), Bagni, C. (Claudia), Balderas, R. (Robert), Bandelli, A. (Andrea), Becher, B. (Burkhard), Becker, M. (Matthias), Beerenwinkel, N. (Niko), Benkirame, M. (Monsef), Beyer, M. (Marc), Bickmore, W. (Wendy), Biessen, E.E.A.L. (Erik E.A.L.), Blomberg, N. (Niklas), Blumcke, I. (Ingmar), Bodenmiller, B. (Bernd), Borroni, B. (Barbara), Boumpas, D.T. (Dimitrios T.), Bourgeron, T. (Thomas), Bowers, S. (Sarion), Braeken, D. (Dries), Brooksbank, C. (Catherine), Brose, N. (Nils), Bruining, J. (Hans), Bury, J. (Jo), Caporale, N. (Nicolo), Cattoretti, G. (Giorgio), Chabane, N. (Nadia), Chneiweiss, H. (Hervé), Cook, S.A. (Stuart A.), Curatolo, P. (Paolo), Jonge, M.I. (Marien) de, Deplancke, B. (Bart), De Strooper, B. (Bart), de Witte, P. (Peter), Dimmeler, S. (Stefanie), Draganski, B. (Bogdan), Drews, A.-D. (Anna-Dorothee), Dumbrava, C. (Costica), Engelhardt, S. (Stefan), Gasser, T. (Thomas), Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E. (Evangelos), Graff, C. (Caroline), Grün, D. (Dominic), Gut, I. (Ivo), Hansson, O. (Oskar), Henshall, D.C. (David C.), Herland, A. (Anna), Heutink, P. (Peter), Heymans, S. (Stephane), Heyn, H. (Holger), Huch, M. (Meritxell), Huitinga, I. (Inge), Jackowiak, P. (Paulina), Jongsma, K.R. (Karin), Journot, L. (Laurent), Junker, J.P. (Jan Philipp), Katz, S. (Shauna), Kehren, J. (Jeanne), Kempa, S. (Stefan), Kirchhof, P. (Paulus), Klein, C. (Christoph), Koralewska, N. (Natalia), Korbel, J.O. (Jan), Kühnemund, M. (Malte), Lamond, A.I. (Angus I.), Lauwers, E. (Elsa), Le Ber, I. (Isabelle), Leinonen, V. (Ville), Tobon, A.L. (Alejandro Lopez), Lundberg, E. (Emma), Lunkes, A. (Astrid), Maatz, H. (Henrike), Mann, M. (Mathias), Marelli, L. (Luca), Matser, V. (Vera), Matthews, P.M. (P.), Mechta-Grigoriou, F. (Fatima), Menon, R. (Radhika), Nielsen, A.F. (Anne F.), Pagani, M. (Massimiliano), Pasterkamp, R.J. (Jeroen), Pitkanen, A. (Asla), Popescu, V. (Valentin), Pottier, C. (Cyril), Puisieux, A. (Alain), Rademakers, R. (Rosa), Reiling, D. (Dory), Reiner, O. (Orly), Remondini, D. (Daniel), Ritchie, C. (Craig), Rohrer, J.D. (Jonathan D.), Saliba, A.-E. (Antione-Emmanuel), Sánchez-Valle, R. (Raquel), Santosuosso, A. (Amedeo), Sauter, A. (Arnold), Scheltema, R.A. (Richard A.), Scheltens, P. (Philip), Schiller, H.B. (Herbert B.), Schneider, A. (Anja), Seibler, P. (Philip), Sheehan-Rooney, K. (Kelly), Shields, D. (David), Sleegers, K. (Kristel), Smit, G. (Guus), Smith, K.G.C. (Kenneth G. C.), Smolders, I. (Ilse), Synofzik, M. (Matthis), Tam, W.L. (Wai Long), Teichmann, S. (Sarah), Thom, M. (Maria), Turco, M.Y. (Margherita Y.), Beusekom, H.M.M. (Heleen) van, Vandenberghe, R. (Rik), den Hoecke, S.V. (Silvie Van), Van de Poel, E. (Ellen), der Ven, A. (Andre van), van der Zee, J. (Julie), van Lunzen, J. (Jan), van Minnebruggen, G. (Geert), Van Paesschen, W. (Wim), Swieten, J.C. (John) van, van Vught, R. (Remko), Verhage, M. (Matthijs), Verstreken, P. (Patrik), Villa, C.E. (Carlo Emanuele), Vogel, J. (Jörg), Kalle, C. (Christof) von, Walter, J. (Jörn), Weckhuysen, S. (Sarah), Weichert, W. (Wilko), Wood, L. (Louisa), Ziegler, A.-G. (Anette-Gabriele), and Zipp, F. (Frauke)

Abstract

LifeTime aims to track, understand and target human cells during the onset and progression of complex diseases and their response to therapy at single-cell resolution. This mission will be implemented through the development and integration of single-cell multi-omics and imaging, artificial intelligence and patient-derived experimental disease models during progression from health to disease. Analysis of such large molecular and clinical datasets will discover molecular mechanisms, create predictive computational models of disease progression, and reveal new drug targets and therapies. Timely detection and interception of disease embedded in an ethical and patient-centered vision will be achieved through interactions across academia, hospitals, patient-associations, health data management systems and industry. Applying this strategy to key medical challenges in cancer, neurological, infectious, chronic inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases at the single-cell level will usher in cell-based interceptive medicine in Europe over the next decade.

Published
2020
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45. Magnetic resonance imaging shows specific abnormalities in the MELAS syndrome

Author

Matthews, P.M., Tampieri, D., Berkovic, S.F., Andermann, F., Silver, K., Chityat, D., and Arnold, D.L.

Subjects
Brain, Magnetic resonance imaging -- Usage, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

MELAS, the syndrome of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes, can be difficult to diagnose. The various symptoms of the syndrome are apparently all related to defects in some of the mitochondria, the tiny organelles within cells that provide critical steps in the cells' energy metabolism. The distribution of symptoms in the body is likely to be related to the distribution of defective mitochondria. Often, the disorder can be diagnosed by observing a particular pathology of muscle fibers in a small muscle biopsy specimen. However, these so-called ''ragged-red fibers'' are not always visible. Similarly, lactic acidosis, an excessive amount of lactic acid in the blood, is often but not always present. The mitochondrial abnormalities exacts their toll on brain function, but the brain abnormalities that can be visualized on computed tomography (CT) are somewhat general in appearance and cannot be used to make a specific diagnosis. On the other hand, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals alterations in the brains of patients with MELAS which may prove to be relatively specific. Three cases are presented in which MRI revealed a particular pattern. The areas on the MRI around the cerebral cortex and the cortex of the cerebellum in each case were very light, a finding referred to by MRI technicians as hyperintensity. Similar findings occur in strokes, but the areas affected by strokes are defined by the anatomical distribution of blood vessels in the brain. No obstruction of blood flow could produce the patterns of hyperintensity seen in the present patients. Some areas of affected white matter were observed, but these invariably lay immediately underneath areas of affected cortex. Although there is no cure for the MELAS syndrome, the proper diagnosis of the disorder may permit the prevention of the more serious symptoms. The avoidance of stress and exertion may help minimize the effects of this metabolic disorder. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1991

46. In vivo muscle magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the clinical investigation of mitochondrial disease

Author

Matthews, P.M., Allaire, C., Shoubridge, E.A., Karpati, G., Carpenter, S., and Arnold, D.L.

Subjects
Mitochondrial myopathies, Nuclear magnetic resonance -- Usage, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

In this era of impressive images constructed using magnetic resonance imaging, it might be easy to forget the original development of magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a tool for the examination of molecular structure. It is possible to use magnetic resonance imaging to detect phosphorous-containing compounds within the body, since phosphorous is a paramagnetic element. However, it is also possible to measure, albeit approximately, some of the more common phosphorous-containing compounds non-invasively within the living body using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Using this technique, investigators recorded phosphorus magnetic resonance spectra from the muscles of 17 patients with mitochondrial myopathy and 20 patients with other muscle diseases, including myasthenia gravis, muscular dystrophy, and inflammatory and metabolic myopathies. Fourteen of the 17 patients with mitochondrial disease showed an increase in intracellular inorganic phosphate, indicating an abnormal energy state. In three of these patients, the phosphocreatine was seen to be reduced in concentration. Similar elevations of intracellular phosphate could be observed in six of 20 of the patients with other muscle diseases. In all six of these patients, there was evidence of muscle necrosis (death of muscle tissue) as determined by biopsy. The authors suggest that when used along with standard clinical and laboratory tests, phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy of muscle can play a useful role in the diagnosis of mitochondrial myopathy. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1991

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