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18. Users’ perceptions of key blockchain features in games

Author

Paajala, I. (Iikka), Nyyssölä, J. (Jesse), Mattila, J. (Juho), Karppinen, P. (Pasi), Paajala, I. (Iikka), Nyyssölä, J. (Jesse), Mattila, J. (Juho), and Karppinen, P. (Pasi)

Abstract

The blockchain is an emerging technology that has the potential to revolutionize the gaming industry among a wide range of different business fields. So far, only a few studies have been conducted about blockchain gaming. This study introduces a mobile game utilizing blockchain asset tokens and smart contracts. It was developed for research purposes and used to demonstrate blockchain-based games using semi-structured interviews. This study follows the exploratory research paradigm, which aims to map research of little-known areas. This study focuses on how participants perceived blockchain attributes such as trust, transparency, and user-generated content and how this affected engagement and their willingness to play the game again. Based on our evaluation, generating blockchain assets positively impacted player retention. According to the results, providing genuine asset ownership through the blockchain contributes to environmental engagement and self-engagement, as well as player retention. Another positive blockchain feature discovered from the interview data is user-generated content implementation into games.

Published
2022

19. Changes in biomass and diversity of soil macrofauna along a climatic gradient in European boreal forests

Author

Kozlov, M. V. (Mikhail V.), Zverev, V. (Vitali), Gusarov, V. I. (Vladimir I.), Korobushkin, D. I. (Daniil I.), Krivosheina, N. P. (Nina P.), Mattila, J. (Jaakko), Mutanen, M. (Marko), Popova, A. (Anna), Prosvirov, A. S. (Alexander S.), Punttila, P. (Pekka), Söderman, G. (Guy), Stańska, M. (Marzena), Taylor, A. (Astrid), Vahtera, V. (Varpu), Zubrii, N. A. (Natalia A.), Zvereva, E. L. (Elena L.), Kozlov, M. V. (Mikhail V.), Zverev, V. (Vitali), Gusarov, V. I. (Vladimir I.), Korobushkin, D. I. (Daniil I.), Krivosheina, N. P. (Nina P.), Mattila, J. (Jaakko), Mutanen, M. (Marko), Popova, A. (Anna), Prosvirov, A. S. (Alexander S.), Punttila, P. (Pekka), Söderman, G. (Guy), Stańska, M. (Marzena), Taylor, A. (Astrid), Vahtera, V. (Varpu), Zubrii, N. A. (Natalia A.), and Zvereva, E. L. (Elena L.)

Abstract

Latitudinal gradients allow insights into the factors that shape ecosystem structure and delimit ecosystem processes, particularly climate. We asked whether the biomass and diversity of soil macrofauna in boreal forests change systematically along a latitudinal gradient spanning from 60° N to 69° N. Invertebrates (3697 individuals) were extracted from 400 soil samples (20 × 20 cm, 30 cm depth) collected at ten sites in 2015–2016 and then weighed and identified. We discovered 265 species living in soil and on the soil surface; their average density was 0.486 g d·w·m−2. The species-level diversity decreased from low to high latitudes. The biomass of soil macrofauna showed no latitudinal changes in early summer but decreased towards the north in late summer. This variation among study sites was associated with the decrease in mean annual temperature by ca 5 °C and with variation in fine root biomass. The biomass of herbivores and fungivores decreased towards the north, whereas the biomass of detritivores and predators showed no significant latitudinal changes. This variation in latitudinal biomass patterns among the soil macrofauna feeding guilds suggests that these guilds may respond differently to climate change, with poorly understood consequences for ecosystem structure and functions

Published
2022

20. A molecular-based identification resource for the arthropods of Finland

Author

Roslin, T. (Tomas), Somervuo, P. (Panu), Pentinsaari, M. (Mikko), Hebert, P. D. (Paul D. N.), Agda, J. (Jireh), Ahlroth, P. (Petri), Anttonen, P. (Perttu), Aspi, J. (Jouni), Blagoev, G. (Gergin), Blanco, S. (Santiago), Chan, D. (Dean), Clayhills, T. (Tom), deWaard, J. (Jeremy), deWaard, S. (Stephanie), Elliot, T. (Tyler), Elo, R. (Riikka), Haapala, S. (Sami), Helve, E. (Eero), Ilmonen, J. (Jari), Hirvonen, P. (Petri), Ho, C. (Chris), Itämies, J. (Juhani), Ivanov, V. (Vladislav), Jakovlev, J. (Jevgeni), Juslen, A. (Aino), Jussila, R. (Reijo), Kahanpää, J. (Jere), Kaila, L. (Lauri), Kaitila, J.-P. (Jari-Pekka), Kakko, A. (Ari), Kakko, I. (Iiro), Karhu, A. (Ali), Karjalainen, S. (Sami), Kjaerandsen, J. (Jostein), Koskinen, J. (Janne), Laasonen, E. M. (Erkki M.), Laasonen, L. (Leena), Laine, E. (Erkka), Lampila, P. (Petri), Levesque-Beaudin, V. (Valerie), Lu, L. (Liuqiong), Lähteenaro, M. (Meri), Majuri, P. (Pekka), Malmberg, S. (Sampsa), Manjunath, R. (Ramya), Martikainen, P. (Petri), Mattila, J. (Jaakko), McKeown, J. (Jaclyn), Metsälä, P. (Petri), Miklasevskaja, M. (Margarita), Miller, M. (Meredith), Miskie, R. (Renee), Muinonen, A. (Arto), Mukkala, V.-M. (Veli-Matti), Naik, S. (Suresh), Nikolova, N. (Nadia), Nupponen, K. (Kari), Ovaskainen, O. (Otso), Österblad, I. (Ika), Paasivirta, L. (Lauri), Pajunen, T. (Timo), Parkko, P. (Petri), Paukkunen, J. (Juho), Penttinen, R. (Ritva), Perez, K. (Kate), Pohjoismäki, J. (Jaakko), Prosser, S. (Sean), Raekunnas, M. (Martti), Rahulan, M. (Miduna), Rannisto, M. (Meeri), Ratnasingham, S. (Sujeevan), Raukko, P. (Pekka), Rinne, A. (Aki), Rintala, T. (Teemu), Miranda Romo, S. (Susana), Salmela, J. (Jukka), Salokannel, J. (Juha), Savolainen, R. (Riitta), Schulman, L. (Leif), Sihvonen, P. (Pasi), Soliman, D. (Dina), Sones, J. (Jayme), Steinke, C. (Claudia), Stahls, G. (Gunilla), Tabell, J. (Jukka), Tiusanen, M. (Mikko), Varkonyi, G. (Gergely), Vesterinen, E. J. (Eero J.), Viitanen, E. (Esko), Vikberg, V. (Veli), Viitasaari, M. (Matti), Vilen, J. (Jussi), Warne, C. (Connor), Wei, C. (Catherine), Winqvist, K. (Kaj), Zakharov, E. (Evgeny), Mutanen, M. (Marko), Roslin, T. (Tomas), Somervuo, P. (Panu), Pentinsaari, M. (Mikko), Hebert, P. D. (Paul D. N.), Agda, J. (Jireh), Ahlroth, P. (Petri), Anttonen, P. (Perttu), Aspi, J. (Jouni), Blagoev, G. (Gergin), Blanco, S. (Santiago), Chan, D. (Dean), Clayhills, T. (Tom), deWaard, J. (Jeremy), deWaard, S. (Stephanie), Elliot, T. (Tyler), Elo, R. (Riikka), Haapala, S. (Sami), Helve, E. (Eero), Ilmonen, J. (Jari), Hirvonen, P. (Petri), Ho, C. (Chris), Itämies, J. (Juhani), Ivanov, V. (Vladislav), Jakovlev, J. (Jevgeni), Juslen, A. (Aino), Jussila, R. (Reijo), Kahanpää, J. (Jere), Kaila, L. (Lauri), Kaitila, J.-P. (Jari-Pekka), Kakko, A. (Ari), Kakko, I. (Iiro), Karhu, A. (Ali), Karjalainen, S. (Sami), Kjaerandsen, J. (Jostein), Koskinen, J. (Janne), Laasonen, E. M. (Erkki M.), Laasonen, L. (Leena), Laine, E. (Erkka), Lampila, P. (Petri), Levesque-Beaudin, V. (Valerie), Lu, L. (Liuqiong), Lähteenaro, M. (Meri), Majuri, P. (Pekka), Malmberg, S. (Sampsa), Manjunath, R. (Ramya), Martikainen, P. (Petri), Mattila, J. (Jaakko), McKeown, J. (Jaclyn), Metsälä, P. (Petri), Miklasevskaja, M. (Margarita), Miller, M. (Meredith), Miskie, R. (Renee), Muinonen, A. (Arto), Mukkala, V.-M. (Veli-Matti), Naik, S. (Suresh), Nikolova, N. (Nadia), Nupponen, K. (Kari), Ovaskainen, O. (Otso), Österblad, I. (Ika), Paasivirta, L. (Lauri), Pajunen, T. (Timo), Parkko, P. (Petri), Paukkunen, J. (Juho), Penttinen, R. (Ritva), Perez, K. (Kate), Pohjoismäki, J. (Jaakko), Prosser, S. (Sean), Raekunnas, M. (Martti), Rahulan, M. (Miduna), Rannisto, M. (Meeri), Ratnasingham, S. (Sujeevan), Raukko, P. (Pekka), Rinne, A. (Aki), Rintala, T. (Teemu), Miranda Romo, S. (Susana), Salmela, J. (Jukka), Salokannel, J. (Juha), Savolainen, R. (Riitta), Schulman, L. (Leif), Sihvonen, P. (Pasi), Soliman, D. (Dina), Sones, J. (Jayme), Steinke, C. (Claudia), Stahls, G. (Gunilla), Tabell, J. (Jukka), Tiusanen, M. (Mikko), Varkonyi, G. (Gergely), Vesterinen, E. J. (Eero J.), Viitanen, E. (Esko), Vikberg, V. (Veli), Viitasaari, M. (Matti), Vilen, J. (Jussi), Warne, C. (Connor), Wei, C. (Catherine), Winqvist, K. (Kaj), Zakharov, E. (Evgeny), and Mutanen, M. (Marko)

Abstract

To associate specimens identified by molecular characters to other biological knowledge, we need reference sequences annotated by Linnaean taxonomy. In this study, we (1) report the creation of a comprehensive reference library of DNA barcodes for the arthropods of an entire country (Finland), (2) publish this library, and (3) deliver a new identification tool for insects and spiders, as based on this resource. The reference library contains mtDNA COI barcodes for 11,275 (43%) of 26,437 arthropod species known from Finland, including 10,811 (45%) of 23,956 insect species. To quantify the improvement in identification accuracy enabled by the current reference library, we ran 1000 Finnish insect and spider species through the Barcode of Life Data system (BOLD) identification engine. Of these, 91% were correctly assigned to a unique species when compared to the new reference library alone, 85% were correctly identified when compared to BOLD with the new material included, and 75% with the new material excluded. To capitalize on this resource, we used the new reference material to train a probabilistic taxonomic assignment tool, FinPROTAX, scoring high success. For the full-length barcode region, the accuracy of taxonomic assignments at the level of classes, orders, families, subfamilies, tribes, genera, and species reached 99.9%, 99.9%, 99.8%, 99.7%, 99.4%, 96.8%, and 88.5%, respectively. The FinBOL arthropod reference library and FinPROTAX are available through the Finnish Biodiversity Information Facility (www.laji.fi) at https://laji.fi/en/theme/protax. Overall, the FinBOL investment represents a massive capacity-transfer from the taxonomic community of Finland to all sectors of society.

Published
2022

26. Results of CMM standalone tests at DTP2

Author

Saarinen, Hannu, Kivelä, T., Zhai, L., Hämäläinen, V., Karjalainen, J., Aha, L., Heikkilä, L., Mäkinen, H., Järvepää, J., Kiviranta, S., Krassi, B., Viinikainen, M., Siuko, M., Mattila, J., Esqué, S., and Semeraro, L.

Published
2011
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33. Labor Turnover and Sex Discrimination. Working Paper No. 1974-01.

Author

Iowa State Univ. of Science and Technology, Ames. Industrial Relations Center. and Mattila, J. Peter

Abstract

Many have asserted that high female labor turnover imposes costs on employers which induce firms to discriminate in hiring and pay against women. This study examines male and female quit data and draws two primary conclusions. First, women are less likely than men to quit for job related reasons although women do quit more often because of household responsibilities. It is not necessarily true that total female quit rates exceed male rates. Second, female quit rates are their lowest relative to male rates during periods of low unemployment which suggests the importance of maintaining full employment to combat discrimination. (Included are tables and graphs.) (Author)

Published
1974

34. On the Economics of Worker Alienation. Working Paper No. 1974-02.

Author

Iowa State Univ. of Science and Technology, Ames. Industrial Relations Center. and Mattila, J. Peter

Abstract

The paper seeks to emphasize certain important dimensions of the economics of worker alienation which have been underemphasized, if not overlooked. Most satisfying jobs are not available without cost to someone. Workers often face a choice between job satisfaction and pecuniary rewards. With this context in mind., the author discusses several possible interpretations of "alienation" which fall within the boundaries of conventional economics. Basic economic principles help to clarify the concept of alienation and the policy questions surrounding it. It is also stressed that costs are involved in job rotation and job redesign. In many cases, workers face a trade-off between real income and job satisfaction. This trade-off has largely been ignored in much of the recent literature. In such studies as Lordstown, a radical departure from previous patterns is not represented but simply a renewal of the long-term trend toward improved working conditions. "Alienation" is interpreted as a form of disequilibrium between production constraints and worker aspirations. A final recommendation suggests that future studies concentrate not simply on worker opinions but also on the cost trade-offs. (BP)

Published
1974

37. The Foucault Pendulum as a Teaching Aid.

Author

Mattila, J. O.

Abstract

A technique that uses a three-meter Foucault pendulum and a laser to measure latitude is presented. A 40-meter Foucault pendulum located in Finland and the ways in which it is used are described. The technical details and the plans for a continuously driven laser pendulum are discussed. (KR)

Published
1991

48. The role of fluids on strain localization at seismogenic depth: a case study from brittle-ductile faults from Olkiluoto Island, SW Finland

Author

Marchesini B., Viola G., Menegon L., Mattila J., Schwarz G., Hattendorf B., Günther D., and Marchesini B., Viola G., Menegon L., Mattila J., Schwarz G., Hattendorf B., Günther D.

Subjects
seismogenic crust, fluid-rock interaction, brittle-ductile deformation
Abstract

At the brittle-ductile transition, repeating cycles of frictional and viscous deformation can be controlled by multiple fluid pulses channelled in the fault zones. Faults exhumed from the brittleductile transition zone and exposed in the Olkiluoto high-grade nuclear waste repository were studied combining field and microstructural observations with fluid inclusions and mineral pair geothermometry on synkinematic minerals. Faulting initiated as a consequence of a first event of fluid overpressure (Pf > 210 MPa) with the formation of a diffuse network of joints and hybrid–shear fractures. Cyclical brittle and ductile shearing followed, triggered by repeated hydrofracturing induced by a fluid pressure up to 210 MPa under overall ductile environmental conditions, demonstrated by mutually overprinting veining, crystal-plastic deformation and cataclasis. Hydrofracturing and their association with pseudotachylite-bearing faults suggest that fluid-mediated deformation may represent the record of the seismic cycle in the studied fault system. Fluid pulses also enhanced the latest reactivation of the fault system under fully brittle conditions at lower pressure (140-180 MPa) and temperature (≤ 300° C). LA-ICP and EBSD analyses on authigenic pyrite also indicate that fluid flow enhanced the net transport of a range of heavy elements through the fault zone (e.g. Co, Cu, Sn, Ag, Pb).

Published
2020

49. Unus Terra:developing a serious game to foster social distancing during the pandemic

Author

Pohjolainen, S. (Sami), Arhippainen, L. (Leena), Alavesa, P. (Paula), Mattila, J. (Juho), and Tuovinen, J. (Jarkko)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING
Abstract

This paper introduces a serious mobile game to foster social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of the game is to reach younger audiences and engage them in social distancing practices. Younger people often have a lower compliance towards these types of practices, so we see a casual game that also aims to be fun as a solution to improve their compliance over time. We report our findings from the study that was conducted to assess an early access version of the game, where the game was tested remotely by 15 players.

Published
2021

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