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Bisphenol A (BPA) has been used since the 1950s, in food packaging, industrial materials, dental sealants, and personal hygiene products. Everyone is exposed to BPA through skin, inhalation, and digestive system. BPA disrupts endocrine pathways, because it has weak estrogenic, antiandrogenic, and antithyroid activities. Despite the rapid metabolism, BPA can accumulate in different tissues. Many researchers proved the impact of BPA on human development, metabolism, and finally reproductive system. There is increasing evidence that BPA has impact on human fertility and is responsible for the reproductive pathologies, e.g., testicular dysgenesis syndrome, cryptorchidism, cancers, and decreased fertility in male and follicle loss in female.

Buczko Piotr, WawrzynSobczak Katarzyna, Matuszczak Ewa, Hermanowicz Adam. The evaluation of Smart Dentin Replacement (SDR), a year observation study. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(3):140-148. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1188955 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5333 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/858915 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eissn 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2018; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license (Http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.02.2018. Revised: 10.02.2018. Accepted: 05.03.2018. The evaluation of Smart Dentin Replacement (SDR), a year observation study Piotr Buczko MD1 , Katarzyna WawrzynSobczak MD 2, Ewa Matuszczak3 MD PhD, Adam Hermanowicz3 MD PhD 1. BB Dental dr n. med. Piotr Buczko ul. Wąska 15/l.U6 str. 15-481 Białystok, Poland 2. Dentalblue, Kazimierza Pułaskiego 35 str, 15-337, Białystok, Poland 3. Pediatric Surgery Department Medical University of Bialystok, Poland Summary Introduction The size of composite material layer used for restoring hard tissues of a tooth is connected with polymerisation stress, which varies between 2.5% and 3.5% of the volume in most composite materials. The value rises with the increase in the portion of the composite material. Thus, there is a necessity of using the technique of layers, which can be time consuming in case of extended cavities of hard tissues. The composite material SureFil Smart Dentin Replacement (SDR) Flow turned to be an alternative and seems to be a great turning point in the conservative dentistry. Aim of the study The aim of the study was the evaluation of flowable composite material SDR as the base layer during one year observation. Material and methods Post-operative sensitivity was evaluated during initial studies after the treatment. During further periodic examinations class II fillings were evaluated as for contact points between neighboring teeth and the presence or absence of gingivitis. All the fillings were evaluated as for secondary caries occurrence. After the treatment, parameters of the experimental material work were compared to traditional composite materials. Results Initial clinical examinations revealed post-operative sensitivity in approximately ¼ of patients next day and 3 days after the filling was completed. The number decreased significantly 7 days after the treatment and decreased to 5% of the patients. The clinical evaluation of contact points showed normal – 100% restoration of contact points in various time intervals. We did not observe any inflammatory condition due to filling overhang or allergic reaction of the gingiva in contact with SDR. The symptoms of secondary caries, confirmed with clinical and radiological examinations, were detected in 7 (4+3) fillings in the period of 12 months of the observation. Clinical condition after 6 months showed 5% of restoration failure while after 12 months it was 7%. Conclusions The results of own studies show high effectiveness and safety of SDR use as the 4mm base layer for fillings of cavities class I and II at least one year after conservative treatment ( layer application) or during one-year-observation. Key words: composite materials, post-operative sensitivity, secondary caries, contact points, gingival coefficient

Matuszczak Ewa, Zielinska-Turek Justyna, Debek Wojciech, Komarowska Marta, Muszyńska-Roslan Katarzyna, Wojnar Jerzy Andrzej, Hermanowicz Adam. Polish translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities questionnaire. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(6):492-500. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.821726 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4573 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 03.06.2017. Revised: 20.06.2017. Accepted: 30.06.2017. Polish translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities questionnaire Ewa Matuszczak1, Justyna Zielinska-Turek2, Wojciech Debek1, Marta Komarowska1, Katarzyna Muszyńska-Roslan3, Jerzy Andrzej Wojnar4, Adam Hermanowicz1 1. Department of Pediatric Surgery Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland 2. Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland 3. Department of Pediatric Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland 4. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland Corresponding author: Adam Hermanowicz Assoc Prof. Pediatric Surgery Department Medical University of Bialystok, Poland ahermanowicz@wp.pl Abstract: The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD) questionnaire into the Polish language, and to test the reliability and validity of CPCHILD scores of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: This study consisted of two parts: the translation and transcultural adaptation of the English version of the CPCHILD into Polish language and the validity testing of the Polish version of the CPCHILD. Patients: Parents of non-ambulatory children with CP aged between 5 and 18 years. All of the 25 children with cerebral palsy were classified using the Gross Motor Function Classification System as level V. Results: The Polish version of CPCHILD yielded similar test-retest reliability and score distributions across the GMFCS level as the original version. The best correlations were observed for domains that are close to the functional deficits. Conclusion: This study shows that the Polish version of CPCHILD, the same as English version, is a disease specific measure of the caregivers’ perspective, is reliable and internally consistent, and can be reliably used to evaluate the health-related quality of life in Polish patients with CP from the caregivers’ perspective. Key words: Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities, transcultural adaptation, validation