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Species of the Boehmeria genus have the potential to be natural medicines and have industrial fibre production uses. Many species of this genus are morphologically similar and are difficult to distinguish, especially when their morphology is distorted. This dataset includes sequence information of several DNA regions isolated from the genome of Boehmeria holosericea, namely ITS (from the nuclear genome), matK, trnL-trnF, trnH-psbA, and rpoC1 (from the chloroplast genome) and phylogenetic analysis results based on the isolated sequences. On the phylogenetic tree based on the matK gene sequence, B. holosericea is grouped with B. umbrosa, B. clidemioides, B. spicata, and B. macrophylla with a bootstrap coefficient of 100%. In the phylogenetic tree based on the trnH-psbA spacer region sequences, B. holosericea was grouped with B. clidemioides (a bootstrap coefficient of 96%). In the phylogenetic tree based on the rpoC1 gene sequences, B. holosericea was grouped with B. spicata (a bootstrap coefficient of 100%). In the phylogenetic tree based on the ITS region sequences, B. holosericea was grouped with B. macrophylla (a bootstrap coefficient of 73%), and based on the trnL-trnF spacer region, B. holosericea was grouped with B. pilociuscula (a bootstrap coefficient of 16%). Two genes, matK and rpoC1 and the trnH-psbA region from the chloroplast genome, are potential DNA barcode candidates that could aid in the species identification of B. holosericea. This dataset the first report on the ITS, matK, trnL-trnF, trnH-psbA, and rpoC1 sequences and the phylogeny of B. holosericea.

Hoya verticillata var verticillata, an epiphytic plant, is both an ornamental and a valuable medicinal plant. However, H. verticillata has a similar morphology to other species belonging to the Hoya genus, so it is challenging to distinguish the H. verticillata var verticillata, plant accurately. Alternatively, if H. verticillata var verticillata, is deformed or powdered, it is more challenging to identify. This dataset includes information on H. verticillata var verticillata, samples collected from the natural environment and four chloroplast DNA markers to support H. verticillata var verticillata, species identification. Phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of intergenic spacer regions (trnK-rps16, rps16-trnQ, psbI-atpA, and ndhC-trnV) shows that H. verticilata var verticillata, is very closely related and distributed in the same group as Hoya carnosa with a Bootstrap coefficient of 99-100 %. Four intergenic spacer region sequences, trnK-rps16, rps16-trnQ, psbI-atpA, and ndhC-trnV from the chloroplast genome are potential DNA barcoding candidates to distinguish H. verticilata var verticillata, from different species in the Hoya genus.

Saponins are naturally occurring compounds ubiquitously present in various organisms, predominantly in plants. They are noted for forming colloidal solutions in water, which foam on shaking and precipitate cholesterol. Several in vitro and in vivo tests on mixtures and individual saponins have revealed a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities, including cancer-related activity, antiphlogistic and antiallergic, immunomodulating, antihepatotoxic, antiviral, hypoglycemic, antifungal and molluscicidal activities. The Dracaena genus is renowned for an abundance of steroidal saponins utilized in treating digestive and hematological disorders. Previous studies on this genus revealed the presence of steroidal saponins, some of which showed cytotoxic activities against cultured tumor cells and interesting biological activities. This study procured steroidal saponin from the foliage of D. draco L. using various chromatographic techniques and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis. The structure was deduced as 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22-O-methylfurosta-5,25(27)-diene-1β,3β,22α,26- tetrol 1-O-{O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl}; a compound previously isolated from the underground parts of Ruscus aculeatus in Japan. Future evaluation of the saponin’s biological activity is imperative to enhance chemotaxonomic data concerning the chemical composition and biological functionality of D. draco L. and, by extension, the Dracaena genus.

Ficus simplicissima Lour. is an Asian species of fig tree in the family Moraceae. The chloroplast (cp) genome of F. simplicissima m3 was sequenced using the Pacbio sequel platform. The F. simplicissima cpDNA has a size of 160,321 bp in length, of which GC content accounts for 36.13%. The cp genome of F. simplicissima consists of a single large copy (LSC) with a size of 91,346 bp, a single small copy (SSC) with a size of 20,131 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats with a size of 24,421 to 24,423 bp. The cp genome of F. simplicissima has 127 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, eight rRNA genes, and 34 tRNA genes; 92 simple sequence repeats and 39 long repeats were detected in the cpDNA of F. simplicissim. A comparative cp genome analysis among six species in the Ficus genus indicated that the genome structure and gene content were highly conserved. The non-coding regions show more differentiation than the coding regions, and the LSC and SSC regions show more differences than the inverted repeat regions. Phylogenetic analysis supported that F. simplicissima m3 had a close relationship with F. hirta. The complete cp genome of F. simplicissima was proposed as a chloroplast DNA barcoding for genus-level in the Moraceae family and the psbA-trnH gene region for species-level identification.