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1. Malnutrition in COVID-19 survivors: prevalence and risk factors

Author

Tosato, Matteo, Calvani, Riccardo, Ciciarello, Francesca, Galluzzo, Vincenzo, Martone, Anna Maria, Zazzara, Maria Beatrice, Pais, Cristina, Savera, Giulia, Camprubi Robles, Maria, Ramirez, Maria, Landi, Francesco, Gremese, Elisa, Bernabei, Roberto, Fantoni, Massimo, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Romano Settanni, Carlo, Porcari, Serena, Benvenuto, Francesca, Bramato, Giulia, Brandi, Vincenzo, Carfì, Angelo, Rita Lo Monaco, Maria, Maria Martone, Anna, Marzetti, Emanuele, Napolitano, Carmen, Pagano, Francesco, Rocchi, Sara, Rota, Elisabetta, Salerno, Andrea, Tritto, Marcello, Beatrice Zazzara, Maria, Catalano, Lucio, Picca, Anna, D’Elia, Mariaelena, Biscotti, Damiano, Cauda, Roberto, Murri, Rita, Cingolani, Antonella, Ventura, Giulio, Taddei, Eleonora, Moschese, Davide, Ciccullo, Arturo, Stella, Leonardo, Addolorato, Giovanni, Franceschi, Francesco, Mingrone, Gertrude, Assunta Zocco, Maria, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Cattani Franchi, Paola, Marchetti, Simona, Posteraro, Brunella, Sali, Michela, Bizzarro, Alessandra, Lauria, Alessandra, Rizzo, Stanislao, Savastano, Maria Cristina, Gambini, Gloria, Maria Cozzupoli, Grazia, Culiersi, Carola, Passali, Giulio Cesare, Paludetti, Gaetano, Galli, Jacopo, Crudo, Fabrizio, Di Cintio, Giovanni, Longobardi, Ylenia, Tricarico, Laura, Santantonio, Mariaconsiglia, Di Cesare, Tiziana, Guarino, Mariateresa, Corbò, Marco, Settimi, Stefano, Mele, Dario, Brigato, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, Valentini, Piero, Sinatti, Dario, De Rose, Gabriella, Richeldi, Luca, Lombardi, Francesco, Calabrese, Angelo, Varone, Francesco, Maria Leone, Paolo, Siciliano, Matteo, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Montemurro, Giuliano, Calvello, Mariarosaria, Intini, Enrica, Simonetti, Jacopo, Pasciuto, Giuliana, Adiletta, Veronica, Sofia, Carmelo, Angela Licata, Maria, Sani, Gabriele, Janiri, Delfina, Simonetti, Alessio, Modica, Marco, Silvia, Montanari, Catinari, Antonello, Terenzi, Beatrice, Natale, Luigi, Larici, Anna Rita, Marano, Riccardo, Pirronti, Tommaso, Infante, Amato, Paglionico, Annamaria, Petricca, Luca, Tolusso, Barbara, Alivernini, Stefano, Di Mario, Clara, Santoliquido, Angelo, Santoro, Luca, Nesci, Antonio, Di Giorgio, Angela, D’Alessandro, Alessia, Matteo Tosato, Riccardo Calvani (ORCID:0000-0001-5472-2365), Francesca Ciciarello, Vincenzo Galluzzo, Anna Maria Martone, Maria Beatrice Zazzara (ORCID:0000-0001-9155-3388), Giulia Savera, Francesco Landi (ORCID:0000-0002-3472-1389), Elisa Gremese (ORCID:0000-0002-2248-1058), Roberto Bernabei (ORCID:0000-0002-9197-004X), Massimo Fantoni (ORCID:0000-0001-6913-8460), Emanuele Marzetti (ORCID:0000-0001-9567-6983), Roberto Cauda (ORCID:0000-0002-1498-4229), Giulio Ventura (ORCID:0000-0002-0304-7264), Giovanni Addolorato (ORCID:0000-0002-1522-9946), Francesco Franceschi (ORCID:0000-0001-6266-445X), Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Paola Cattani (ORCID:0000-0003-4678-4763), Brunella Posteraro (ORCID:0000-0002-1663-7546), Stanislao Rizzo (ORCID:0000-0001-6302-063X), Maria Cristina Savastano (ORCID:0000-0003-1397-4333), Giulio Cesare Passali (ORCID:0000-0002-8176-0962), Jacopo Galli (ORCID:0000-0001-6353-6249), Piero Valentini (ORCID:0000-0001-6095-9510), Luca Richeldi (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Giuseppe Maria Corbo (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Gabriele Sani (ORCID:0000-0002-9767-8752), Luigi Natale (ORCID:0000-0002-7949-5119), Anna Rita Larici (ORCID:0000-0002-1882-6244), Riccardo Marano (ORCID:0000-0003-2710-2093), Stefano Alivernini (ORCID:0000-0002-7383-4212), Angelo Santoliquido (ORCID:0000-0003-1539-4017), Tosato, Matteo, Calvani, Riccardo, Ciciarello, Francesca, Galluzzo, Vincenzo, Martone, Anna Maria, Zazzara, Maria Beatrice, Pais, Cristina, Savera, Giulia, Camprubi Robles, Maria, Ramirez, Maria, Landi, Francesco, Gremese, Elisa, Bernabei, Roberto, Fantoni, Massimo, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Romano Settanni, Carlo, Porcari, Serena, Benvenuto, Francesca, Bramato, Giulia, Brandi, Vincenzo, Carfì, Angelo, Rita Lo Monaco, Maria, Maria Martone, Anna, Marzetti, Emanuele, Napolitano, Carmen, Pagano, Francesco, Rocchi, Sara, Rota, Elisabetta, Salerno, Andrea, Tritto, Marcello, Beatrice Zazzara, Maria, Catalano, Lucio, Picca, Anna, D’Elia, Mariaelena, Biscotti, Damiano, Cauda, Roberto, Murri, Rita, Cingolani, Antonella, Ventura, Giulio, Taddei, Eleonora, Moschese, Davide, Ciccullo, Arturo, Stella, Leonardo, Addolorato, Giovanni, Franceschi, Francesco, Mingrone, Gertrude, Assunta Zocco, Maria, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Cattani Franchi, Paola, Marchetti, Simona, Posteraro, Brunella, Sali, Michela, Bizzarro, Alessandra, Lauria, Alessandra, Rizzo, Stanislao, Savastano, Maria Cristina, Gambini, Gloria, Maria Cozzupoli, Grazia, Culiersi, Carola, Passali, Giulio Cesare, Paludetti, Gaetano, Galli, Jacopo, Crudo, Fabrizio, Di Cintio, Giovanni, Longobardi, Ylenia, Tricarico, Laura, Santantonio, Mariaconsiglia, Di Cesare, Tiziana, Guarino, Mariateresa, Corbò, Marco, Settimi, Stefano, Mele, Dario, Brigato, Francesca, Buonsenso, Danilo, Valentini, Piero, Sinatti, Dario, De Rose, Gabriella, Richeldi, Luca, Lombardi, Francesco, Calabrese, Angelo, Varone, Francesco, Maria Leone, Paolo, Siciliano, Matteo, Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Montemurro, Giuliano, Calvello, Mariarosaria, Intini, Enrica, Simonetti, Jacopo, Pasciuto, Giuliana, Adiletta, Veronica, Sofia, Carmelo, Angela Licata, Maria, Sani, Gabriele, Janiri, Delfina, Simonetti, Alessio, Modica, Marco, Silvia, Montanari, Catinari, Antonello, Terenzi, Beatrice, Natale, Luigi, Larici, Anna Rita, Marano, Riccardo, Pirronti, Tommaso, Infante, Amato, Paglionico, Annamaria, Petricca, Luca, Tolusso, Barbara, Alivernini, Stefano, Di Mario, Clara, Santoliquido, Angelo, Santoro, Luca, Nesci, Antonio, Di Giorgio, Angela, D’Alessandro, Alessia, Matteo Tosato, Riccardo Calvani (ORCID:0000-0001-5472-2365), Francesca Ciciarello, Vincenzo Galluzzo, Anna Maria Martone, Maria Beatrice Zazzara (ORCID:0000-0001-9155-3388), Giulia Savera, Francesco Landi (ORCID:0000-0002-3472-1389), Elisa Gremese (ORCID:0000-0002-2248-1058), Roberto Bernabei (ORCID:0000-0002-9197-004X), Massimo Fantoni (ORCID:0000-0001-6913-8460), Emanuele Marzetti (ORCID:0000-0001-9567-6983), Roberto Cauda (ORCID:0000-0002-1498-4229), Giulio Ventura (ORCID:0000-0002-0304-7264), Giovanni Addolorato (ORCID:0000-0002-1522-9946), Francesco Franceschi (ORCID:0000-0001-6266-445X), Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Paola Cattani (ORCID:0000-0003-4678-4763), Brunella Posteraro (ORCID:0000-0002-1663-7546), Stanislao Rizzo (ORCID:0000-0001-6302-063X), Maria Cristina Savastano (ORCID:0000-0003-1397-4333), Giulio Cesare Passali (ORCID:0000-0002-8176-0962), Jacopo Galli (ORCID:0000-0001-6353-6249), Piero Valentini (ORCID:0000-0001-6095-9510), Luca Richeldi (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Giuseppe Maria Corbo (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Gabriele Sani (ORCID:0000-0002-9767-8752), Luigi Natale (ORCID:0000-0002-7949-5119), Anna Rita Larici (ORCID:0000-0002-1882-6244), Riccardo Marano (ORCID:0000-0003-2710-2093), Stefano Alivernini (ORCID:0000-0002-7383-4212), and Angelo Santoliquido (ORCID:0000-0003-1539-4017)

Abstract

Background: Nutritional status is a critical factor throughout COVID-19 disease course. Malnutrition is associated with poor outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Aim: To assess the prevalence of malnutrition and identify its associated factors in COVID-19 survivors. Methods: Study cohort included 1230 COVID-19 survivors aged 18-86 attending a post-COVID-19 outpatient service. Data on clinical parameters, anthropometry, acute COVID-19 symptoms, lifestyle habits were collected through a comprehensive medical assessment. Malnutrition was assessed according to Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. Results: Prevalence of malnutrition was 22% at 4-5 months after acute disease. Participants who were not hospitalized during acute COVID-19 showed a higher frequency of malnutrition compared to those who needed hospitalization (26% versus 19%, p < 0.01). Malnutrition was found in 25% COVID-19 survivors over 65 years of age compared to 21% younger participants (p < 0.01). After multivariable adjustment, the likelihood of being malnourished increased progressively and independently with advancing age (Odds ratio [OR] 1.02; 95% CI 1.01-1.03) and in male participants (OR 5.56; 95% CI 3.53-8.74). Malnutrition was associated with loss of appetite (OR 2.50; 95% CI 1.73-3.62), and dysgeusia (OR 4.05; 95% CI 2.30-7.21) during acute COVID-19. Discussion: In the present investigation we showed that malnutrition was highly prevalent in a large cohort of COVID-19 survivors at 4-5 months from acute illness. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the need to implement comprehensive nutritional assessment and therapy as an integral part of care for COVID-19 patients.

Published
2023

2. Inactivation of the Response Regulator AgrA Has a Pleiotropic Effect on Biofilm Formation, Pathogenesis and Stress Response in Staphylococcus lugdunensis

Author

Aubourg, Marion, Pottier, Marine, L??on, Albertine, Bernay, Benoit, Dhalluin, Anne, Cacaci, Margherita, Torelli, Riccardo, Ledormand, Pierre, Martini, Cecilia, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Auzou, Michel, Gravey, Fran??oi, Giard, Jean-Christophe, Margherita Cacaci (ORCID:0000-0002-5433-9400), Riccardo Torelli, Cecilia Martini, Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Aubourg, Marion, Pottier, Marine, L??on, Albertine, Bernay, Benoit, Dhalluin, Anne, Cacaci, Margherita, Torelli, Riccardo, Ledormand, Pierre, Martini, Cecilia, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Auzou, Michel, Gravey, Fran??oi, Giard, Jean-Christophe, Margherita Cacaci (ORCID:0000-0002-5433-9400), Riccardo Torelli, Cecilia Martini, and Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059)

Abstract

Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus that emerges as an important opportunistic pathogen. However, little is known about the regulation underlying the transition from commensal to virulent state. Based on knowledge of S. aureus virulence, we suspected that the agr quorum sensing system may be an important determinant for the pathogenicity of S. lugdunensis. We investigated the functions of the transcriptional regulator AgrA using the agrA deletion mutant. AgrA played a role in cell pigmentation: Delta argA mutant colonies were white while the parental strains were slightly yellow. Compared with the wild-type strain, the Delta argA mutant was affected in its ability to form biofilm and was less able to survive in mice macrophages. Moreover, the growth of Delta agrA was significantly reduced by the addition of 10% NaCl or 0.4 mM H2O2 and its survival after 2 h in the presence of 1 mM H2O2 was more than 10-fold reduced. To explore the mechanisms involved beyond these phenotypes, the Delta agrA proteome and transcriptome were characterized by mass spectrometry and RNA-Seq. We found that AgrA controlled several virulence factors as well as stress-response factors, which are well correlated with the reduced resistance of the Delta agrA mutant to osmotic and oxidative stresses. These results were not the consequence of the deregulation of RNAIII of the agr system, since no phenotype or alteration of the proteomic profile has been observed for the Delta RNAIII mutant. Altogether, our results highlighted that the AgrA regulator of S. lugdunensis played a key role in its ability to become pathogenic.IMPORTANCE Although belonging to the natural human skin flora, Staphylococcus lugdunensis is recognized as a particularly aggressive and destructive pathogen. This study aimed to characterize the role of the response regulator AgrA, which is a component of the quorum-sensing agr system and known to be a major element in the regulation of pathogenicity

Published
2022

3. Hand hygiene and facemask use to prevent droplet-transmitted viral diseases during air travel: a systematic literature review

Author

De Angelis, Giulia, Michaela Lohmeyer, Franziska, Grossi, Adriano, Posteraro, Brunella, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Giulia De Angelis (ORCID:0000-0002-7087-7399), Brunella Posteraro (ORCID:0000-0002-1663-7546), Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), De Angelis, Giulia, Michaela Lohmeyer, Franziska, Grossi, Adriano, Posteraro, Brunella, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Giulia De Angelis (ORCID:0000-0002-7087-7399), Brunella Posteraro (ORCID:0000-0002-1663-7546), and Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059)

Abstract

Background: Transmission of viral diseases (e.g., influenza A H1N1) via respiratory droplets takes place mainly in confined spaces, including in aircraft during commercial air travel. The adoption of hygiene measures may help to prevent disease spread aboard aircraft. This review summarizes the evidence on hand hygiene and the use of facemasks as viral disease prevention measures in aircraft. Methods: A literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to 10 June 2020, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. A population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, and study design (PICOS) approach was used to define the review question. Results: We included four studies published between 2007 and 2020, all targeting influenza virus disease, in the qualitative synthesis. Three studies used mathematical models to simulate single- or multiple-direction flights, and two of them showed that facemask (e.g., N95 respirator) use considerably reduced infection probability. In the third study, hand cleaning by 20 to 60% of people at any time in all airports (including on aircraft) reduced the measure of airports’ power to spread the disease across the globe by ~ 24 to 69%. The fourth study was a case-control study designed to trace an influenza outbreak in two flights during the 2009 influenza A H1N1 pandemic. The study showed that none (0%) of nine infected passengers compared to 15 (47%) of 32 healthy control passengers in the aircraft cabin during one of these flights wore a facemask (odds ratio, 0.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.0–0.7). In contrast, both case and control passengers appeared to be equally compliant in self-assessed hand hygiene. Conclusions: Facemask use combined with hand hygiene may minimize the chance of droplet-transmitted virus spread by air travelers. Thus, it is necessary that hygiene measures become an integral part of standard procedures in commercial air travel.

Published
2021

4. Psychological Distress After Covid-19 Recovery: Reciprocal Effects With Temperament and Emotional Dysregulation. An Exploratory Study of Patients Over 60 Years of Age Assessed in a Post-acute Care Service

Author

Janiri, D., Kotzalidis, G. D., Giuseppin, G., Molinaro, M., Modica, Marco, Montanari, Silvia, Terenzi, Beatrice, Carfi, A., Landi, Francesco, Sani, Gabriele, Gremese, Elisa, Bernabei, Roberto, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Settanni, Carlo Romano, Benvenuto, Francesca, Bramato, Giulia, Brandi, Vincenzo, Carfi', Angelo, Ciciarello, Francesca, Rita, M., Lo Monaco, Andrea, Martone, Anna Maria, Marzetti, Emanuele, Carmennapolitano, Pagano, Francesco Cosimo, Rocchi, Sara, Elisabettarota, Salerno, Andrea, Tosato, Matteo, Tritto, Marcello, Calvani, Riccardo, Catalano, Lucio, Picca, Anna, Savera, Giulia, Cauda, Roberto, Tamburrini, Enrica, Borghetti, Alberto, Simona Di Gianbenedetto, Murri, Rita, Cingolani, Antonella, Ventura, Giulio, Taddei, Eleonora, Moschese, Davide, Ciccullo, Arturo, Stella, Leonardo, Addolorato, Giovanni, Franceschi, Francesco, Mingrone, Geltrude, Zocco, Maria Assunta, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Cattani Franchi, Paola, Marchetti, Simona, Posteraro, Brunella, Sali, Michela, Bizzarro, Alessandra, Lauria, Alessandra, Rizzo, Stanislao, Savastano, Maria Cristina, Gambini, Gloria, Grazia Maria Cozzupoli, Culiersi, Carola, Passali, Giulio Cesare, Paludetti, Gaetano, Galli, Jacopo, D'Alatri, Lucia, Crudo, Fabrizio, Giovanni Di Cintio, Longobardi, Ylenia, Tricarico, Laura, Santantonio, Mariaconsiglia, Buonsenso, Danilo, Valentini, Piero, Pata, Davide, Sinatti, Dario, De Rose, Cristina, Richeldi, Luca, Lombardi, Francesco, Giuseppin, Giulia, Molinaro, Marzia, Natale, Luigi, Larici, Annrita, Marano, Riccardo, Paglionico, Annamaria, Petricca, Luca, Natalello, Gerlando, Fedele, Anna Laura, Lizzio, Marco Maria, Tolusso, Barbara, Alivernini, Stefano, Santoliquido, Angelo, Santoro, Luca, Nesci, Antonio, Popolla, Valentina, Mari, Giorgia, Marchese, Maria Raffaella, Ausili Cefaro, Carolina, Calabrese, Angelo, Janiri, Delfina, Gigante, Laura, Modica M., Montanari S., Terenzi B., Landi F. (ORCID:0000-0002-3472-1389), Sani G (ORCID:0000-0002-9767-8752), rancesco Landi, Elisa Gremese (ORCID:0000-0002-2248-1058), Roberto Bernabei, Massimo Fantoni (ORCID:0000-0002-9197-004X), Antonio Gasbarrini (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Carlo Romano Settanni, Francesca Benvenuto, Giulia Bramato, Vincenzo Brandi, Angelo Carfì, Francesca Ciciarello, Lo Monaco, Anna Maria Martone, Emanuele Marzetti (ORCID:0000-0001-9567-6983), Francesco Cosimo Pagano, Sara Rocchi, Andrea Salerno, Matteo Tosato, Marcello Tritto, Riccardo Calvani (ORCID:0000-0001-5472-2365), Lucio Catalano, Giulia Savera, RobertoCauda (ORCID:0000-0002-1498-4229), Enrica Tamburrini (ORCID:0000-0003-4930-426X), Alberto Borghetti, Rita Murri (ORCID:0000-0003-4263-7854), Antonella Cingolani (ORCID:0000-0002-3793-2755), Giulio Ventura (ORCID:0000-0002-0304-7264), Eleonora Taddei, Leonardo Stella, Giovanni Addolorato (ORCID:0000-0002-1522-9946), Francesco Franceschi (ORCID:0000-0001-6266-445X), Geltrude Mingrone (ORCID:0000-0003-2021-528X), Maria Assunta Zocco (ORCID:0000-0002-0814-9542), Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Paola Cattani (ORCID:0000-0003-4678-4763), Simona Marchetti, Brunella Posteraro (ORCID:0000-0002-1663-7546), Michela Sali (ORCID:0000-0003-3609-2990), Alessandra Bizzarro, Alessandra Lauria, Stanislao Rizzo (ORCID:0000-0001-6302-063X), Maria Cristina Savastano (ORCID:0000-0003-1397-4333), Gloria Gambini, Carola Culiersi, Giulio Cesare Passali (ORCID:0000-0002-8176-0962), Gaetano Paludetti (ORCID:0000-0003-2480-1243), Jacopo Galli (ORCID:0000-0001-6353-6249), Lucia D’Alatri (ORCID:0000-0003-3104-958X), Fabrizio Crudo, Ylenia Longobardi, Mariaconsiglia Santantonio, Danilo Buonsenso, Piero Valentini (ORCID:0000-0001-6095-9510), Dario Sinatti, Cristina De Rose, Luca Richeldi (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Francesco Lombardi, Gabriele Sani (ORCID:0000-0002-9767-8752), Marco Modica, Luigi Natale (ORCID:0000-0002-7949-5119), Riccardo Marano (ORCID:0000-0003-2710-2093), Luca Petricca, Anna Laura Fedele, Marco Maria Lizzio, Barbara Tolusso (ORCID:0000-0002-9108-6609), Stefano Alivernini (ORCID:0000-0002-7383-4212), Angelo Santoliquido (ORCID:0000-0003-1539-4017), Luca Santoro, Antonio Nesci, Giorgia Mari, Raffaella Marchese (ORCID:0000-0003-0751-0882), Carolina Ausili Cefaro., Janiri, D., Kotzalidis, G. D., Giuseppin, G., Molinaro, M., Modica, Marco, Montanari, Silvia, Terenzi, Beatrice, Carfi, A., Landi, Francesco, Sani, Gabriele, Gremese, Elisa, Bernabei, Roberto, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Settanni, Carlo Romano, Benvenuto, Francesca, Bramato, Giulia, Brandi, Vincenzo, Carfi', Angelo, Ciciarello, Francesca, Rita, M., Lo Monaco, Andrea, Martone, Anna Maria, Marzetti, Emanuele, Carmennapolitano, Pagano, Francesco Cosimo, Rocchi, Sara, Elisabettarota, Salerno, Andrea, Tosato, Matteo, Tritto, Marcello, Calvani, Riccardo, Catalano, Lucio, Picca, Anna, Savera, Giulia, Cauda, Roberto, Tamburrini, Enrica, Borghetti, Alberto, Simona Di Gianbenedetto, Murri, Rita, Cingolani, Antonella, Ventura, Giulio, Taddei, Eleonora, Moschese, Davide, Ciccullo, Arturo, Stella, Leonardo, Addolorato, Giovanni, Franceschi, Francesco, Mingrone, Geltrude, Zocco, Maria Assunta, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Cattani Franchi, Paola, Marchetti, Simona, Posteraro, Brunella, Sali, Michela, Bizzarro, Alessandra, Lauria, Alessandra, Rizzo, Stanislao, Savastano, Maria Cristina, Gambini, Gloria, Grazia Maria Cozzupoli, Culiersi, Carola, Passali, Giulio Cesare, Paludetti, Gaetano, Galli, Jacopo, D'Alatri, Lucia, Crudo, Fabrizio, Giovanni Di Cintio, Longobardi, Ylenia, Tricarico, Laura, Santantonio, Mariaconsiglia, Buonsenso, Danilo, Valentini, Piero, Pata, Davide, Sinatti, Dario, De Rose, Cristina, Richeldi, Luca, Lombardi, Francesco, Giuseppin, Giulia, Molinaro, Marzia, Natale, Luigi, Larici, Annrita, Marano, Riccardo, Paglionico, Annamaria, Petricca, Luca, Natalello, Gerlando, Fedele, Anna Laura, Lizzio, Marco Maria, Tolusso, Barbara, Alivernini, Stefano, Santoliquido, Angelo, Santoro, Luca, Nesci, Antonio, Popolla, Valentina, Mari, Giorgia, Marchese, Maria Raffaella, Ausili Cefaro, Carolina, Calabrese, Angelo, Janiri, Delfina, Gigante, Laura, Modica M., Montanari S., Terenzi B., Landi F. (ORCID:0000-0002-3472-1389), Sani G (ORCID:0000-0002-9767-8752), rancesco Landi, Elisa Gremese (ORCID:0000-0002-2248-1058), Roberto Bernabei, Massimo Fantoni (ORCID:0000-0002-9197-004X), Antonio Gasbarrini (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Carlo Romano Settanni, Francesca Benvenuto, Giulia Bramato, Vincenzo Brandi, Angelo Carfì, Francesca Ciciarello, Lo Monaco, Anna Maria Martone, Emanuele Marzetti (ORCID:0000-0001-9567-6983), Francesco Cosimo Pagano, Sara Rocchi, Andrea Salerno, Matteo Tosato, Marcello Tritto, Riccardo Calvani (ORCID:0000-0001-5472-2365), Lucio Catalano, Giulia Savera, RobertoCauda (ORCID:0000-0002-1498-4229), Enrica Tamburrini (ORCID:0000-0003-4930-426X), Alberto Borghetti, Rita Murri (ORCID:0000-0003-4263-7854), Antonella Cingolani (ORCID:0000-0002-3793-2755), Giulio Ventura (ORCID:0000-0002-0304-7264), Eleonora Taddei, Leonardo Stella, Giovanni Addolorato (ORCID:0000-0002-1522-9946), Francesco Franceschi (ORCID:0000-0001-6266-445X), Geltrude Mingrone (ORCID:0000-0003-2021-528X), Maria Assunta Zocco (ORCID:0000-0002-0814-9542), Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Paola Cattani (ORCID:0000-0003-4678-4763), Simona Marchetti, Brunella Posteraro (ORCID:0000-0002-1663-7546), Michela Sali (ORCID:0000-0003-3609-2990), Alessandra Bizzarro, Alessandra Lauria, Stanislao Rizzo (ORCID:0000-0001-6302-063X), Maria Cristina Savastano (ORCID:0000-0003-1397-4333), Gloria Gambini, Carola Culiersi, Giulio Cesare Passali (ORCID:0000-0002-8176-0962), Gaetano Paludetti (ORCID:0000-0003-2480-1243), Jacopo Galli (ORCID:0000-0001-6353-6249), Lucia D’Alatri (ORCID:0000-0003-3104-958X), Fabrizio Crudo, Ylenia Longobardi, Mariaconsiglia Santantonio, Danilo Buonsenso, Piero Valentini (ORCID:0000-0001-6095-9510), Dario Sinatti, Cristina De Rose, Luca Richeldi (ORCID:0000-0001-8594-1448), Francesco Lombardi, Gabriele Sani (ORCID:0000-0002-9767-8752), Marco Modica, Luigi Natale (ORCID:0000-0002-7949-5119), Riccardo Marano (ORCID:0000-0003-2710-2093), Luca Petricca, Anna Laura Fedele, Marco Maria Lizzio, Barbara Tolusso (ORCID:0000-0002-9108-6609), Stefano Alivernini (ORCID:0000-0002-7383-4212), Angelo Santoliquido (ORCID:0000-0003-1539-4017), Luca Santoro, Antonio Nesci, Giorgia Mari, Raffaella Marchese (ORCID:0000-0003-0751-0882), and Carolina Ausili Cefaro.

Published
2020

5. Original Immunoinformatic analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein as a strategy to assess cross -protection against COVID-19

Author

Tilocca, Bruno, Soggiu, Alessio, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Babini, Gabriele, De Maio, Flavio, Britti, Domenico, Zecconi, Alfonso, Bonizzi, Luigi, Urbani, Andrea, Roncada, Paola, Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Flavio De Maio, Andrea Urbani (ORCID:0000-0001-9168-3174), Paola Roncada, Tilocca, Bruno, Soggiu, Alessio, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Babini, Gabriele, De Maio, Flavio, Britti, Domenico, Zecconi, Alfonso, Bonizzi, Luigi, Urbani, Andrea, Roncada, Paola, Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Flavio De Maio, Andrea Urbani (ORCID:0000-0001-9168-3174), and Paola Roncada

Abstract

Envelope protein of coronaviruses is a structural protein existing in both monomeric and homopentameric form. It has been related to a multitude of roles including virus infection, replication, dissemination and immune response stimulation. In the present study, we employed an immunoinformatic approach to investigate the major immunogenic domains of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein and map them among the homologue proteins of coronaviruses with tropism for animal species that are closely inter-related with the human beings population all over the world. Also, when not available, we predicted the envelope protein structural folding and mapped SARS-CoV-2 epitopes. Envelope sequences alignment provides evidence of high sequence homology for some of the investigated virus specimens; while the structural mapping of epitopes resulted in the interesting maintenance of the structural folding and epitope sequence localization also in the envelope proteins scoring a lower alignment score. In line with the One-Health approach, our evidences provide a molecular structural rationale for a potential role of taxonomically related coronaviruses in conferring protection from SARSCoV- 2 infection and identifying potential candidates for the development of diagnostic tools and prophylactic-oriented strategies.

Published
2020

6. Reorganisation of faecal microbiota transplant services during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Ianiro, Gianluca, H Mullish, Benjamin, R Kelly, Colleen, Kassam, Zain, J Kuijper, Ed, C Ng, Siew, H Iqbal, Tariq, R Allegretti, Jessica, Bibbo', Stefano, Sokol, Harry, Zhang, Faming, Fischer, Monika, Paul Costello, Samuel, J Keller, Josbert, Masucci, Luca, van Prehn, Joffrey, Quaranta, Gianluca, Nabil Quraishi, Mohammed, Segal, Jonathan, Kao, Dina, Satokari, Reetta, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Tilg, Herbert, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Cammarota, Giovanni, Gianluca Ianiro (ORCID:0000-0002-8318-0515), Stefano Bibbò, Luca Masucci (ORCID:0000-0002-8358-6726), Gianluca Quaranta, Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Antonio Gasbarrini (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Giovanni Cammarota. (ORCID:0000-0002-3626-6148), Ianiro, Gianluca, H Mullish, Benjamin, R Kelly, Colleen, Kassam, Zain, J Kuijper, Ed, C Ng, Siew, H Iqbal, Tariq, R Allegretti, Jessica, Bibbo', Stefano, Sokol, Harry, Zhang, Faming, Fischer, Monika, Paul Costello, Samuel, J Keller, Josbert, Masucci, Luca, van Prehn, Joffrey, Quaranta, Gianluca, Nabil Quraishi, Mohammed, Segal, Jonathan, Kao, Dina, Satokari, Reetta, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Tilg, Herbert, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Cammarota, Giovanni, Gianluca Ianiro (ORCID:0000-0002-8318-0515), Stefano Bibbò, Luca Masucci (ORCID:0000-0002-8358-6726), Gianluca Quaranta, Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Antonio Gasbarrini (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), and Giovanni Cammarota. (ORCID:0000-0002-3626-6148)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an exponential increase in SARS-CoV- 2 infections and associated deaths, and represents a significant challenge to healthcare professionals and facilities. Individual countries have taken several prevention and containment actions to control the spread of infection, including measures to guarantee safety of both healthcare professionals and patients who are at increased risk of infection from COVID-19. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has a well-established role in the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection. In the time of the pandemic, FMT centres and stool banks are required to adopt a workflow that continues to ensure reliable patient access to FMT while maintaining safety and quality of procedures. In this position paper, based on the best available evidence, worldwide FMT experts provide guidance on issues relating to the impact of COVID-19 on FMT, including patient selection, donor recruitment and selection, stool manufacturing, FMT procedures, patient follow-up and research activities.

Published
2020

7. Landscape of in vivo Fitness-Associated Genes of Enterobacter cloacae Complex

Author

Gu??rin, Fran??oi, Lallement, Claire, Goudergues, Benoit, Isnard, Christophe, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Cacaci, Margherita, Torelli, Riccardo, Cattoir, Vincent, Giard, Jean-Christophe, Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Margherita Cacaci (ORCID:0000-0002-5433-9400), Riccardo Torelli, Gu??rin, Fran??oi, Lallement, Claire, Goudergues, Benoit, Isnard, Christophe, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Cacaci, Margherita, Torelli, Riccardo, Cattoir, Vincent, Giard, Jean-Christophe, Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Margherita Cacaci (ORCID:0000-0002-5433-9400), and Riccardo Torelli

Abstract

Species of theEnterobacter cloacaecomplex (ECC) represent an increasing cause of hospital-acquired infections and commonly exhibit multiple antibiotic resistances. In order to identify genes that may play a role in its ability to colonize the host, we used the transposon-sequencing (Tn-seq) approach. To this end, a high-density random transposon insertion library was obtained fromE. cloacaesubsp.cloacaeATCC 13047, which was used to analyze the fitness of ca. 300,000 mutants inGalleria mellonellacolonization model. Following massively parallel sequencing, we identified 624 genes that seemed essential for the optimal growth and/or the fitness within the host. Moreover, 63 genes where mutations resulted in positive selection were found, while 576 genes potentially involved in thein vivofitness were observed. These findings pointed out the role of some transcriptional regulators, type VI secretion system, and surface-associated proteins in thein vivofitness ofE. cloacaeATCC 13047. We then selected eight genes based on their high positive or negative fold changes (FCs) and tested the corresponding deletion mutants for their virulence and ability to cope with stresses. Thereby, we showed that ECL_02247 (encoding the NAD-dependent epimerase/dehydratase) and ECL_04444 (coding for a surface antigen-like protein) may correspond to new virulence factors, and that the regulator ECL_00056 was involved inin vivofitness. In addition, bacterial cells lacking the flagellum-specific ATP synthase FliI (ECL_03223) and the hypothetical protein ECL_01421 were affected for mobility and resistance to H2O2, respectively. All these results yield valuable information regarding genes important for infection process and stress response ofE. cloacaeATCC 13047 and participate to a better understanding of the opportunistic traits in this bacterial pathogen.

Published
2020

8. Helicobacter pylori infection contributes to placental impairment in preeclampsia: basic and clinical evidences

Author

Di Simone, Nicoletta, Tersigni, Chiara, Cardaropoli, Simona, Franceschi, Francesco, Di Nicuolo, Fiorella, Castellani, Roberta, Bugli, Francesca, De Waure, Chiara, Cavaliere, Anna Franca, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Scambia, Giovanni, Todros, Tullia, Nicoletta Di Simone (ORCID:0000-0003-1273-3335), Chiara Tersigni, Francesca Bugli (ORCID:0000-0001-9038-3233), Chiara de Waure (ORCID:0000-0002-4346-1494), Anna Franca Cavaliere, Antonio Gasbarrini (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Giovanni Scambia (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Di Simone, Nicoletta, Tersigni, Chiara, Cardaropoli, Simona, Franceschi, Francesco, Di Nicuolo, Fiorella, Castellani, Roberta, Bugli, Francesca, De Waure, Chiara, Cavaliere, Anna Franca, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Scambia, Giovanni, Todros, Tullia, Nicoletta Di Simone (ORCID:0000-0003-1273-3335), Chiara Tersigni, Francesca Bugli (ORCID:0000-0001-9038-3233), Chiara de Waure (ORCID:0000-0002-4346-1494), Anna Franca Cavaliere, Antonio Gasbarrini (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), and Giovanni Scambia (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063)

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a major cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Epidemiological association between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and PE onset has been widely shown. The aim of this study was to analyze a possible correlation between Hp infection and the severity of clinical presentation of PE and to identify an immunologic mechanism triggered by Hp infection potentially contributing to the pathogenesis of PE. Materials and Methods: Sera from 93 preeclamptic women and 87 healthy pregnant women were tested for Hp infection by immunoassay and for anti-CagA antibodies by Western blot assay. The serologic results were correlated with the clinical features of PE. The functional effect of serum IgG fractions, positive or negative for Hp, from preeclamptic women or controls were tested on trophoblast and endothelial cell cultures and in a murine model of angiogenesis. Results: Preeclamptic women showed higher seroprevalence of Hp infection (57.0%) compared to controls (33.3%) (P<.001). The seropositivity for CagA-positive strains of Hp was 45.2% in preeclamptic women vs 13.7% in controls (P<.001). In PE women, Hp infection was associated with abnormality of uterine arteries Doppler (P<.001). Hp+ IgG fractions from preeclamptic women bound to trophoblast and endometrial endothelial cell cultures, reducing in vitro invasiveness and angiogenesis, respectively, and inhibited angiogenesis in mice. Conclusions: Our data show, for the first time, an association between Hp infection and PE with abnormal uterine arteries Doppler velocimetry, suggesting a role for Hp infection in impairing placental development and increasing the risk to develop PE. This study opens the new perspective of a potential screening and treatment for Hp infection in pregnancy.

Published
2017

9. Effect of Alginate Lyase on Biofilm-Grown Helicobacter pylori Probed by Atomic Force Microscopy

Author

Maiorana, Alessandro, Bugli, Francesca, Papi, Massimiliano, Torelli, Riccardo, Ciasca, Gabriele, Maulucci, Giuseppe, Palmieri, Valentina, Cacaci, Margherita, Paroni Sterbini, Francesco, Posteraro, Brunella, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, De Spirito, Marco, Francesca Bugli (ORCID:0000-0001-9038-3233), Massimiliano Papi (ORCID:0000-0002-0029-1309), Gabriele Ciasca (ORCID:0000-0002-3694-8229), Giuseppe Maulucci (ORCID:0000-0002-2154-319X), Valentina Palmieri, Margherita Cacaci (ORCID:0000-0002-5433-9400), Brunella Posteraro (ORCID:0000-0002-1663-7546), Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Marco De Spirito (ORCID:0000-0003-4260-5107), Maiorana, Alessandro, Bugli, Francesca, Papi, Massimiliano, Torelli, Riccardo, Ciasca, Gabriele, Maulucci, Giuseppe, Palmieri, Valentina, Cacaci, Margherita, Paroni Sterbini, Francesco, Posteraro, Brunella, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, De Spirito, Marco, Francesca Bugli (ORCID:0000-0001-9038-3233), Massimiliano Papi (ORCID:0000-0002-0029-1309), Gabriele Ciasca (ORCID:0000-0002-3694-8229), Giuseppe Maulucci (ORCID:0000-0002-2154-319X), Valentina Palmieri, Margherita Cacaci (ORCID:0000-0002-5433-9400), Brunella Posteraro (ORCID:0000-0002-1663-7546), Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), and Marco De Spirito (ORCID:0000-0003-4260-5107)

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a microorganism with a pronounced capability of adaptation under environmental stress solicitations. Its persistence and antimicrobial resistance to the drugs commonly used in the anti-H. pylori therapy are associated with the development of a biofilm mainly composed of DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides. A fundamental step to increase the success of clinical treatments is the development of new strategies and molecules able to interfere with the biofilm architecture and thus able to enhance the effects of antibiotics. By using Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy we analyzed the effects of the alginate lyase (AlgL), an enzyme able to degrade a wide class of polysaccharides, on the H. pylori shape, surface morphology, and biofilm adhesion properties. We demonstrated that AlgL generates a noticeable loss of H. pylori coccoid form in favor of the bacillary form and reduces the H. pylori extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).

Published
2015

10. Resistin modulates glucose uptake and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) expression in trophoblast cells

Author

Di Simone, Nicoletta, Di Nicuolo, Fiorella, Marzioni, Daniela, Castellucci, Mario, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, D'Ippolito, Silvia, Caruso, Alessandro, Nicoletta Di Simone (ORCID:0000-0003-1273-3335), Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Silvia D’Ippolito (ORCID:0000-0002-6160-0558), Alessandro Caruso (ORCID:0000-0002-4749-3207), Di Simone, Nicoletta, Di Nicuolo, Fiorella, Marzioni, Daniela, Castellucci, Mario, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, D'Ippolito, Silvia, Caruso, Alessandro, Nicoletta Di Simone (ORCID:0000-0003-1273-3335), Maurizio Sanguinetti (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Silvia D’Ippolito (ORCID:0000-0002-6160-0558), and Alessandro Caruso (ORCID:0000-0002-4749-3207)

Abstract

The adipocytokine resistin impairs glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Here, we examine the effect of resistin on glucose uptake in human trophoblast cells and we demonstrate that transplacental glucose transport is mediated by glucose transporter (GLUT)-1. Furthermore, we evaluate the type of signal transduction induced by resistin in GLUT-1 regulation. BeWo choriocarcinoma cells and primary cytotrophoblast cells were cultured with increasing resistin concentrations for 24 hrs. The main outcome measures include glucose transport assay using [3H]-2-deoxy glucose, GLUT-1 protein expression by Western blot analysis and GLUT-1 mRNA detection by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Quantitative determination of phospho(p)-ERK1/2 in cell lysates was performed by an Enzyme Immunometric Assay and Western blot analysis. Our data demonstrate a direct effect of resistin on normal cytotrophoblastic and on BeWo cells: resistin modulates glucose uptake, GLUT-1 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression in placental cells. We suggest that ERK1/2 phosphorylation is involved in the GLUT-1 regulation induced by resistin. In conclusion, resistin causes activation of both the ERK1 and 2 pathway in trophoblast cells. ERK1 and 2 activation stimulated GLUT-1 synthesis and resulted in increase of placental glucose uptake. High resistin levels (50–100 ng/ml) seem able to affect glucose-uptake, presumably by decreasing the cell surface glucose transporter.

Published
2009

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