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1. Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts

Author

Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, Manuel Esteban, Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, de la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C. Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, Jose A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo Luis, Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, and Suding, Katharine L.

Published
2021
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2. Author Correction: Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts

Author

Shackelford, Nancy, Paterno, Gustavo B., Winkler, Daniel E., Erickson, Todd E., Leger, Elizabeth A., Svejcar, Lauren N., Breed, Martin F., Faist, Akasha M., Harrison, Peter A., Curran, Michael F., Guo, Qinfeng, Kirmer, Anita, Law, Darin J., Mganga, Kevin Z., Munson, Seth M., Porensky, Lauren M., Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Török, Péter, Wainwright, Claire E., Abdullahi, Ali, Bahm, Matt A., Ballenger, Elizabeth A., Barger, Nichole, Baughman, Owen W., Becker, Carina, Lucas-Borja, Manuel Esteban, Boyd, Chad S., Burton, Carla M., Burton, Philip J., Calleja, Eman, Carrick, Peter J., Caruana, Alex, Clements, Charlie D., Davies, Kirk W., Deák, Balázs, Drake, Jessica, Dullau, Sandra, Eldridge, Joshua, Espeland, Erin, Farrell, Hannah L., Fick, Stephen E., Garbowski, Magda, de la Riva, Enrique G., Golos, Peter J., Grey, Penelope A., Heydenrych, Barry, Holmes, Patricia M., James, Jeremy J., Jonas-Bratten, Jayne, Kiss, Réka, Kramer, Andrea T., Larson, Julie E., Lorite, Juan, Mayence, C. Ellery, Merino-Martín, Luis, Miglécz, Tamás, Milton, Suanne Jane, Monaco, Thomas A., Montalvo, Arlee M., Navarro-Cano, Jose A., Paschke, Mark W., Peri, Pablo Luis, Pokorny, Monica L., Rinella, Matthew J., Saayman, Nelmarie, Schantz, Merilynn C., Parkhurst, Tina, Seabloom, Eric W., Stuble, Katharine L., Uselman, Shauna M., Valkó, Orsolya, Veblen, Kari, Wilson, Scott, Wong, Megan, Xu, Zhiwei, and Suding, Katharine L.

Published
2021
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6. Inter-annual Variation in Plant Community Composition and Structure Informs Passive Restoration Actions in Western Mojave Desert Rangeland, Tejon Ranch, California.

Author

Mayence, C. Ellery, Pavliscak, Laura, Kramer, Neal, Coleman, Mitchell L., and White, Michael D.

Abstract

The Mojave Desert is a unique assemblage of plant and animal species, habitats, and ecosystems. Overlain on this landscape is a diverse array of land uses including livestock grazing. In desert ecosystems, vulnerable habitats (e.g., spring-fed wetlands) and populations of rare native plants, for example, are susceptible to overutilization by livestock, resulting in loss of biodiversity and ecosystem function. Excluding livestock from vulnerable habitats is a common passive restoration practice. Such habitats, however, often exist in a mosaic of habitats and management-focused research evaluating responses to grazing exclusion tends to be habitat-type specific. In this study, we assessed the effects of cattle exclusion on three habitat types (i.e., upland, transitional, and wetland) subjected to long-term grazing. Upland habitat was dominated by non-native annual species, exhibited notable inter-annual changes in vegetation cover, and non-equilibrium behavior driven by variable annual precipitation rather than cattle exclusion. Wetland habitat exhibited a pronounced increase in native cover and equilibrium behavior with community structure driven by interspecific competition mediated by cattle grazing. Transitional habitat was the most species-rich but least variable in terms of inter-annual variability in cover. Our results are insightful for managing rangeland where a mosaic of habitats and resources are present, strongly suggesting that grazing exclusion is not universally beneficial for maintaining or increasing species richness at the landscape scale. Habitat type, pre-existing non-native species presence, and plant life-history traits were the main factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

7. A framework for the practical science necessary to restore sustainable, resilient, and biodiverse ecosystems

Author

Miller, Ben P., Sinclair, Elizabeth A., Menz, Myles H. M., Elliott, Carole P., Bunn, Eric, Commander, Lucy E., Dalziell, Emma, David, Erica, Davis, Belinda, Erickson, Todd E., Golos, Peter J., Krauss, Siegfried L., Lewandrowski, Wolfgang, Mayence, C. Ellery, Merino Martin, Luis, Merritt, David J., Nevill, Paul G., Phillips, Ryan D., Ritchie, Alison L., Ruoss, Sacha, Stevens, Jason C., The University of Western Australia (UWA), School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Environment and Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
ecophysiology, restauration écologique, science strategy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], seed science, ecosystem function, 570 Life sciences, biology, genetics, écophysiologie végétale, soil science
Abstract

Demand for restoration of resilient, self-sustaining, and biodiverse natural ecosystems as a conservation measure is increasing globally; however, restoration efforts frequently fail to meet standards appropriate for this objective. Achieving these standards requires management underpinned by input from diverse scientific disciplines including ecology, biotechnology, engineering, soil science, ecophysiology, and genetics. Despite increasing restoration research activity, a gap between the immediate needs of restoration practitioners and the outputs of restoration science often limits the effectiveness of restoration programs. Regrettably, studies often fail to identify the practical issues most critical for restoration success. We propose that part of this oversight may result from the absence of a considered statement of the necessary practical restoration science questions. Here we develop a comprehensive framework of the research required to bridge this gap and guide effective restoration. We structure questions in five themes: (1) setting targets and planning for success, (2) sourcing biological material, (3) optimizing establishment, (4) facilitating growth and survival, and (5) restoring resilience, sustainability, and landscape integration. This framework will assist restoration practitioners and scientists to identify knowledge gaps and develop strategic research focused on applied outcomes. The breadth of questions highlights the importance of cross-discipline collaboration among restoration scientists, and while the program is broad, successful restoration projects have typically invested in many or most of these themes. Achieving restoration ecology's goal of averting biodiversity losses is a vast challenge: investment in appropriate science is urgently needed for ecological restoration to fulfill its potential and meet demand as a conservation tool.

Published
2017

9. A framework for the practical science necessary to restore sustainable, resilient, and biodiverse ecosystems

Author

Miller, Ben P., primary, Sinclair, Elizabeth A., additional, Menz, Myles H. M., additional, Elliott, Carole P., additional, Bunn, Eric, additional, Commander, Lucy E., additional, Dalziell, Emma, additional, David, Erica, additional, Davis, Belinda, additional, Erickson, Todd E., additional, Golos, Peter J., additional, Krauss, Siegfried L., additional, Lewandrowski, Wolfgang, additional, Mayence, C. Ellery, additional, Merino‐Martín, Luis, additional, Merritt, David J., additional, Nevill, Paul G., additional, Phillips, Ryan D., additional, Ritchie, Alison L., additional, Ruoss, Sacha, additional, and Stevens, Jason C., additional

Published
2016
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13. Assessment of Growth Response and Patterns of Biomass Allocation by Panicum hemitomon Schultes: Implications for Thick-mat Floating Marsh Creation and Restoration

Author

Mayence, C. Ellery

Subjects
Panicum hemitomon, floating marsh, biomass allocation, multi-species approach
Abstract

I carried out several large, manipulative greenhouse and controlled-setting experiments to elucidate Panicum hemitomon growth response as influenced by environmental conditions associated with restoring thick-mat floating marsh. Initially, Panicum hemitomon growth response was assessed in conjunction with manipulated nutrient availability and hydrology. Next, I assessed Panicum hemitomon growth response in conjunction with a suite of substrate and mat or containment materials. Finally, I evaluated Panicum hemitomon growth response, as well as overall created floating marsh vegetated development, using both a multi-species planting approach and a suite of Panicum hemitomon establishment techniques. All partitions of Panicum hemitomon biomass (shoot, rhizome, and root material) were enhanced under nitrogen, and to a lesser extent, phosphorous enrichment. Saturated (not inundated) hydrologic conditions were most conducive for robust growth by all partitions of Panicum hemitomon biomass. Substrate and mat or containment materials had a significant effect on Panicum hemitomon vigor, with peat and peat-containing blended substrate materials being most conducive for vigorous Panicum hemitomon growth. Duralast coconut fiber was the most suitable mat or containment material based not only on measures of plant vigor, but also for reasons associated with strength and stability, as well as buoyancy. The combination of Panicum hemitomon and Ludwigia peploides was superior to any other multi-species treatment tested. Ludwigia peploides was highly resilient to transplanting, grew vigorously in a lateral fashion, produced significantly more biomass than any other secondary species, and enhanced overall mat buoyancy, all key metrics regarding successful floating marsh restoration. Equally as important, the large amount of biomass attained by Ludwigia peploides was not totally at the expense of vigorous Panicum hemitomon growth. With respect to establishment technique, the positive response of Panicum hemitomon rhizome growth to humic acid amendment warrants further study. This research generated data that not only advance the body of general ecological knowledge pertaining to Panicum hemitomon, the dominant macrophyte of thick-mat floating marsh, but equally as important, data that are likely to augment or enhance the creation and restoration of this important freshwater marsh type.

Published
2007

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