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1. Rapid replacement by non-vaccine pneumococcal serotypes may mitigate the impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal bacterial ecology

Author

Brenda Kwambana-Adams, Blake Hanson, Archibald Worwui, Schadrac Agbla, Ebenezer Foster-Nyarko, Fatima Ceesay, Chinelo Ebruke, Uzochukwu Egere, Yanjiao Zhou, Maze Ndukum, Erica Sodergren, Michael Barer, Richard Adegbola, George Weinstock, and Martin Antonio

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract There is growing concern that interventions that alter microbial ecology can adversely affect health. We characterised the impact of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on pneumococcal carriage and the bacterial component of the nasopharyngeal microbiome during infancy. Newborns were recruited into three groups as follows: Group1 (n = 33) was the control group and comprised infants who received PCV7 after 6 months and came from unvaccinated communities. Group 2 (n = 30) came from unvaccinated communities and Group 3 (n = 39) came from vaccinated communities. Both group 2 and 3 received PCV7 at 2, 3 and 4 months. Culture and 16 S rRNA gene sequencing were performed on nasopharyngeal specimens collected at regular intervals from infants. Nasopharyngeal carriage of PCV7 serotypes in Group 1 was significantly higher than in Group 2 and 3 (p

Published
2017
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2. Rapid replacement by non-vaccine pneumococcal serotypes may mitigate the impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal bacterial ecology

Author

Yanjiao Zhou, Uzochukwu Egere, Maze Ndukum, Michael R. Barer, George M. Weinstock, Ebenezer Foster-Nyarko, Archibald Worwui, Martin Antonio, Richard A. Adegbola, Brenda Kwambana-Adams, Schadrac C. Agbla, Fatima Ceesay, Erica Sodergren, Chinelo Ebruke, and Blake M. Hanson

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Serotype, Pneumococcal serotypes, Science, Biology, Serogroup, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Pneumococcal Infections, Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, Pneumococcal Vaccines, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nasopharynx, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Streptococcus pneumoniae, medicine, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Microbiome, Prospective cohort study, Phylogeny, Vaccines, Conjugate, Multidisciplinary, Bacteria, Ecology, Microbiota, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Sequence Analysis, DNA, medicine.disease, Pneumococcal infections, 030104 developmental biology, Pneumococcal vaccine, Immunology, Medicine, medicine.drug
Abstract

There is growing concern that interventions that alter microbial ecology can adversely affect health. We characterised the impact of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on pneumococcal carriage and the bacterial component of the nasopharyngeal microbiome during infancy. Newborns were recruited into three groups as follows: Group1 (n = 33) was the control group and comprised infants who received PCV7 after 6 months and came from unvaccinated communities. Group 2 (n = 30) came from unvaccinated communities and Group 3 (n = 39) came from vaccinated communities. Both group 2 and 3 received PCV7 at 2, 3 and 4 months. Culture and 16 S rRNA gene sequencing were performed on nasopharyngeal specimens collected at regular intervals from infants. Nasopharyngeal carriage of PCV7 serotypes in Group 1 was significantly higher than in Group 2 and 3 (p α-diversity (p = 0.48) across the groups. Immediate replacement of pneumococcal vaccine serotypes with non-vaccine serotypes may mitigate the impact of PCV7 on nasopharyngeal bacterial community structure and ecology.

Published
2017

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