1. A comparison of amplification methods to detect Avian Influenza viruses in California wetlands targeted via remote sensing of waterfowl
- Author
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McCuen, Madeline M, Pitesky, Maurice E, Buler, Jeffrey J, Acosta, Sarai, Wilcox, Alexander H, Bond, Ronald F, and Díaz‐Muñoz, Samuel L
- Subjects
Veterinary Sciences ,Epidemiology ,Agricultural ,Veterinary and Food Sciences ,Health Sciences ,Infection ,Animals ,Animals ,Wild ,California ,Ducks ,Filtration ,Geese ,Influenza A virus ,Influenza in Birds ,Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ,Remote Sensing Technology ,Wetlands ,avian influenza virus detection ,M-RTPCR ,poultry industry ,ultrafiltration ,waterfowl ,wetlands ,Public Health and Health Services ,Veterinary sciences - Abstract
Migratory waterfowl, including geese and ducks, are indicated as the primary reservoir of avian influenza viruses (AIv) which can be subsequently spread to commercial poultry. The US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) surveillance efforts of waterfowl for AIv have been largely discontinued in the contiguous United States. Consequently, the use of technologies to identify areas of high waterfowl density and detect the presence of AIv in habitat such as wetlands has become imperative. Here we identified two high waterfowl density areas in California using processed NEXt generation RADar (NEXRAD) and collected water samples to test the efficacy of two tangential flow ultrafiltration methods and two nucleic acid based AIv detection assays. Whole-segment amplification and long-read sequencing yielded more positive samples than standard M-segment qPCR methods (57.6% versus 3.0%, p
- Published
- 2021