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2,286 results on '"McDonald, H."'

1. Contributors

Author

Werdelin, Lars, McDonald, H. G., and Shaw, Christopher A.

Published
2018

2. Color Plates

Author

Werdelin, Lars, McDonald, H. G., and Shaw, Christopher A.

Published
2018

5. Title Page, Copyright

Author

Werdelin, Lars, McDonald, H. G., and Shaw, Christopher A.

Published
2018

8. Index

Author

Werdelin, Lars, McDonald, H. G., and Shaw, Christopher A.

Published
2018

16. Preface

Author

Werdelin, Lars, McDonald, H. G., and Shaw, Christopher A.

Published
2018

26. Inferences of the ecological habits of extinct giant sloths from the Brazilian Intertropical Region.

Author

Santos, Adaiana Marta Andrade, Mcdonald, H. Gregory, and Dantas, Mário André Trindade

Subjects
PLEISTOCENE Epoch, HUMERUS, PALEOECOLOGY, LAZINESS, BIOMECHANICS
Abstract

Three indices estimated from measurements of the humerus and ulna were used to suggest possible ecological habits of eight extinct giant sloths from the Late Pleistocene of the Brazilian Intertropical Region. To make these inferences, data from extant primates and xenarthras representing suspensory, climbing and digging forms were compared. The results indicate niche differentiation existed between these species; Ahytherium aureum, Australonyx aquae and Nothrotherium maquinense could have been climbers, Catonyx cuvieri, Ocnotherium giganteum and Glossotherium phoenesis were diggers, while Valgipes bucklandi and Eremotherium laurillardi were strictly terrestrial in their habits. These results suggest a general pattern in which members of the Megalonychidae and Nothotheriidae were mainly climbers, whereas mylodontines were mainly diggers, and scelidotheres were strictly terrestrial along with members of the giant Megatheriidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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27. Expanded Clinical Spectrum of Pentosan Polysulfate Maculopathy: A Macula Society Collaborative Study

Author

Berrocal, Audina M., Lujan, Brandon J., Greenlee, Tyler E., Singh, Rishi P., Hendrick, Andrew, Jain, Nieraj, Liao, Albert, Meyer, Benjamin I., O’Keefe, Ghazala A., Shah, Rachel, Yan, Jiong, Chung, Mina M., Zacks, David N., Chiang, Allen, Dunn, James P., Fineman, Mitchell S., Fischer, David H., Garg, Sunir J., Gupta, Omesh P., Ho, Allen C., Hsu, Jason, Jenkins, Thomas L., Kaiser, Richard S., Park, Carl H., Patel, Samir N., Sivalingam, Arunan, Spirn, Marc J., Vander, James F., Yonekawa, Yoshihiro, Khurana, Rahul N., Kokame, Gregg T., Won, Maria, Brown, David M., Wykoff, Charles C., Schefler, Amy C., Yu, Hannah J., Halperin, Lawrence S., London, Nikolas J.S., Moshiri, Ala, Park, Susanna S., Folk, James C., Sohn, Elliott H., Warren, Alexis K., Lam, Linda A., McDonald, H. Richard, Ng, Caleb C., Peng, Michelle Y., Belin, Peter J., Mittra, Robert A., Freund, K. Bailey, Mishra, Kapil, and Singh, Mandeep S.

Published
2022
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46. Pros and cons of methylation-based enrichment methods for ancient DNA.

Author

Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Gamba, Cristina, Sarkissian, Clio Der, Ermini, Luca, Louvel, Guillaume, Boulygina, Eugenia, Sokolov, Alexey, Nedoluzhko, Artem, Lorenzen, Eline D, Lopez, Patricio, McDonald, H Gregory, Scott, Eric, Tikhonov, Alexei, Stafford, Thomas W, Alfarhan, Ahmed H, Alquraishi, Saleh A, Al-Rasheid, Khaled AS, Shapiro, Beth, Willerslev, Eske, Prokhortchouk, Egor, and Orlando, Ludovic

Subjects
Animals, Ursidae, DNA, DNA Methylation, Fossils, Mammoths, Genetics, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Other Physical Sciences
Abstract

The recent discovery that DNA methylation survives in fossil material provides an opportunity for novel molecular approaches in palaeogenomics. Here, we apply to ancient DNA extracts the probe-independent Methylated Binding Domains (MBD)-based enrichment method, which targets DNA molecules containing methylated CpGs. Using remains of a Palaeo-Eskimo Saqqaq individual, woolly mammoths, polar bears and two equine species, we confirm that DNA methylation survives in a variety of tissues, environmental contexts and over a large temporal range (4,000 to over 45,000 years before present). MBD enrichment, however, appears principally biased towards the recovery of CpG-rich and long DNA templates and is limited by the fast post-mortem cytosine deamination rates of methylated epialleles. This method, thus, appears only appropriate for the analysis of ancient methylomes from very well preserved samples, where both DNA fragmentation and deamination have been limited. This work represents an essential step toward the characterization of ancient methylation signatures, which will help understanding the role of epigenetic changes in past environmental and cultural transitions.

Published
2015

48. The epidemiology of infections among older people with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease

Author

Mcdonald, H. I., Nitsch, D., and Thomas, Sara L.

Subjects
362.19897
Abstract

This thesis describes the epidemiology of community-acquired infections among older people with diabetes without a history of renal replacement therapy, according to markers of chronic kidney disease (CKD): proteinuria and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The thesis uses linked electronic health records from primary and secondary care, and mortality records. Among a cohort of 219,145 patients with diabetes aged ≥65 years there was a high burden of community-acquired infection: lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) having the highest crude rate (152.7/1,000 years) followed by urinary tract infections (male 51.4, female 147.9/1,000 years). All-cause 28-day mortality was 32.1% for pneumonia (as a subset of LRTI) (3,115/9,697) and 31.7% for sepsis (780/2,461). Reduced eGFR was associated with a strong and graded increased risk of community-acquired LRTI, pneumonia and sepsis incidence, after adjustment for co-morbidities, smoking status and characteristics of diabetes mellitus. The effect sizes were larger for sepsis than pneumonia, and for pneumonia than LRTI. Proteinuria was a marker of increased risk of infection incidence independently of eGFR, for LRTI (rate ratio 1.07: 95%CI 1.05–1.09), pneumonia (1.26:1.19–1.33), and sepsis (1.33:1.20–1.47), after adjustment for co-morbidities, smoking status and characteristics of diabetes. Advanced CKD (eGFR < 30ml/min/1.73m2) was associated with 28-day mortality following community-acquired pneumonia (risk ratio=1.27:95%CI 1.10–1.47) and sepsis (RR=1.42:1.10–1.84) compared to eGFR≥60 ml/min/1.73m2), adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, smoking status and co-morbidities. Lesser reductions in eGFR and proteinuria were not associated with mortality. The protective effects of pneumococcal vaccine against community-acquired pneumonia appeared to wane swiftly. There was scant evidence for any impact of influenza vaccination against the total burden of community-acquired LRTI. This study allows patients, clinicians and public health planners to quantify infection risks among older people with diabetes according to CKD status. Further research could explore mechanisms and prevention strategies, including enhanced vaccination schedules.

Published
2015
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