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1. A stable isotope toolbox for water and inorganic carbon cycle studies

Author: Sergey Assonov, Claude Hillaire-Marcel, Sang-Tae Kim, Christophe Lécuyer, Prosenjit Ghosh, Harro A. J. Meijer, Marc Blanchard, Hans Christian Steen-Larsen, Amaelle Landais, Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Indian Institute of Science [Bangalore] (IISc Bangalore), International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Isotope Research [Groningen] (CIO), University of Groningen [Groningen], Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (BCCR), Department of Biological Sciences [Bergen] (BIO / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Earth science, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Isotopes of oxygen, Carbon cycle, chemistry.chemical_compound, Total inorganic carbon, Water cycle, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Earth-Surface Processes, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Isotope, Stable isotope ratio, 010401 analytical chemistry, Pollution, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Carbonate, Carbon
Abstract: Stable isotopes of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen are used to investigate numerous physical and chemical processes in the water and inorganic carbon cycles. Measuring and comparing natural isotopic variations requires reliable primary reference materials and consistent data treatment. However, these reference materials have changed over time, while advances in technology have led to better constrained isotopic compositions of the reference materials. In this Technical Review, we provide an overview of the historical evolution of such materials, and explain their relationships across time and isotopic scales. Recommendations are provided for the measurement and reporting of isotopic compositions against the consensual VPDB and VSMOW scales in light of the newest carbonate and water reference materials distributed by the International Atomic Energy Agency. Stable isotope fractionation factors and their temperature dependence in processes specific to the water cycle (2H, 18O, 17O) and the CO2–water–carbonate system (13C, 18O) are described, including for carbonate clumped isotope thermometry. Propagation of errors is also addressed for a consistent reporting of real uncertainties of isotopic measurements and calculations. Lastly, current gaps in knowledge on the behaviour of stable isotopes in the water cycle and the CO2–water–carbonate system are highlighted for future studies. The use of isotopes has provided key insights into the Earth system, but their use can be fraught with experimental and theoretical pitfalls. This Technical Review explains the use of and fractionation factors associated with hydrogen, carbon and oxygen isotopes in water cycle and CO2–carbonate–water system studies.
Published: 2021

2. MEAD: A Multi-Armed Approach for Evaluation of Adversarial Examples Detectors

Author: Granese, Federica, Picot, Marine, Romanelli, Marco, Messina, Francisco, Piantanida, Pablo, Concurrency, Mobility and Transactions (COMETE), Laboratoire d'informatique de l'École polytechnique [Palaiseau] (LIX), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], CentraleSupélec, Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), International Laboratory on Learning Systems (ILLS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Ecole de Technologie Supérieure [Montréal] (ETS)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The work of Federica Granese was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) project HYPATIA under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program. Grant agreement №835294., and European Project: 835294,H2020 Pilier ERC,HYPATIA(2019)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Detection, Adversarial Examples, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV), Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Security, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], DNNs
Abstract: Detection of adversarial examples has been a hot topic in the last years due to its importance for safely deploying machine learning algorithms in critical applications. However, the detection methods are generally validated by assuming a single implicitly known attack strategy, which does not necessarily account for real-life threats. Indeed, this can lead to an overoptimistic assessment of the detectors' performance and may induce some bias in the comparison between competing detection schemes. We propose a novel multi-armed framework, called MEAD, for evaluating detectors based on several attack strategies to overcome this limitation. Among them, we make use of three new objectives to generate attacks. The proposed performance metric is based on the worst-case scenario: detection is successful if and only if all different attacks are correctly recognized. Empirically, we show the effectiveness of our approach. Moreover, the poor performance obtained for state-of-the-art detectors opens a new exciting line of research., Comment: This paper has been accepted to appear in the Proceedings of the 2022 European Conference on Machine Learning and Data Mining (ECML-PKDD), 19th to the 23rd of September, Grenoble, France
Published: 2022

3. Pitch Fingering Systems and the Search for Perfection

Author: Travis West, Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Technology and knowledge for interaction (LOKI), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory [IDMIL], and Technology and knowledge for interaction [LOKI]
Subjects: [SHS.MUSIQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts, pitch fingering systems, optimization, brute force search, DMI design, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

4. Early prototypes and artistic practice with the mubone

Author: Travis West, Kalun Leung, Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Technology and knowledge for interaction (LOKI), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chercheur indépendant, Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory [IDMIL], and Technology and knowledge for interaction [LOKI]
Subjects: granular synthesis, [SHS.MUSIQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts, mubone, augmented trombone, interdisciplinary art, mapping, DMI design, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC]
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

5. ForceHost: an open-source toolchain for generating firmware embedding the authoring and rendering of audio and force-feedback haptics

Author: Christian Frisson, Mathias Kirkegaard, Thomas Pietrzak, Marcelo M. Wanderley, Société des Arts Technologiques (SAT), Université de Lille, Technology and knowledge for interaction (LOKI), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: embedded computing, haptics, force-feedback, Digital Musical Instrument, authoring, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], mapping
Abstract: International audience; ForceHost is an opensource toolchain for generating firmware that hosts authoring and rendering of force-feedback and audio signals and that communicates through I2C with guest motor and sensor boards. With ForceHost, the stability of audio and haptic loops is no longer delegated to and dependent on operating systems and drivers, and devices remain discoverable beyond planned obsolescence. We modified Faust, a highlevel language and compiler for real-time audio digital signal processing, to support haptics. Our toolchain compiles audio-haptic firmware applications with Faust and embeds web-based UIs exposing their parameters. We validate our toolchain by example applications and modifications of integrated development environments: script-based programming examples of haptic firmware applications with our haptic1D Faust library, visual programming by mapping input and output signals between audio and haptic devices in Webmapper, visual programming with physically-inspired massinteraction models in Synth-a-Modeler Designer. We distribute the documentation and source code of ForceHost and all of its components and forks.
Published: 2022

6. A multi-model CMIP6-PMIP4 study of Arctic sea ice at 127 ka: sea ice data compilation and model differences

Author: M. Kageyama, L. C. Sime, M. Sicard, M.-V. Guarino, A. de Vernal, R. Stein, D. Schroeder, I. Malmierca-Vallet, A. Abe-Ouchi, C. Bitz, P. Braconnot, E. C. Brady, J. Cao, M. A. Chamberlain, D. Feltham, C. Guo, A. N. LeGrande, G. Lohmann, K. J. Meissner, L. Menviel, P. Morozova, K. H. Nisancioglu, B. L. Otto-Bliesner, R. O'ishi, S. Ramos Buarque, D. Salas y Melia, S. Sherriff-Tadano, J. Stroeve, X. Shi, B. Sun, R. A. Tomas, E. Volodin, N. K. H. Yeung, Q. Zhang, Z. Zhang, W. Zheng, T. Ziehn, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Modélisation du climat (CLIM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Département des sciences de la terre et de l'atmosphère [Montréal] (SCTA), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Centre for Polar Observation and Modelling (CPOM), Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute [Kashiwa-shi] (AORI), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stratigraphy, lcsh:Environmental protection, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Environmental pollution, Sea ice, Cryosphere, lcsh:TD169-171.8, [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology, Sea ice concentration, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Global and Planetary Change, Coupled model intercomparison project, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Paleontology, Arctic ice pack, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Climatology, Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project, Interglacial, lcsh:TD172-193.5, Climate model, Geology
Abstract: The Last Interglacial period (LIG) is a period with increased summer insolation at high northern latitudes, which results in strong changes in the terrestrial and marine cryosphere. Understanding the mechanisms for this response via climate modelling and comparing the models' representation of climate reconstructions is one of the objectives set up by the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project for its contribution to the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. Here we analyse the results from 16 climate models in terms of Arctic sea ice. The multi-model mean reduction in minimum sea ice area from the pre industrial period (PI) to the LIG reaches 50 % (multi-model mean LIG area is 3.20×106 km2, compared to 6.46×106 km2 for the PI). On the other hand, there is little change for the maximum sea ice area (which is 15–16×106 km2 for both the PI and the LIG. To evaluate the model results we synthesise LIG sea ice data from marine cores collected in the Arctic Ocean, Nordic Seas and northern North Atlantic. The reconstructions for the northern North Atlantic show year-round ice-free conditions, and most models yield results in agreement with these reconstructions. Model–data disagreement appear for the sites in the Nordic Seas close to Greenland and at the edge of the Arctic Ocean. The northernmost site with good chronology, for which a sea ice concentration larger than 75 % is reconstructed even in summer, discriminates those models which simulate too little sea ice. However, the remaining models appear to simulate too much sea ice over the two sites south of the northernmost one, for which the reconstructed sea ice cover is seasonal. Hence models either underestimate or overestimate sea ice cover for the LIG, and their bias does not appear to be related to their bias for the pre-industrial period. Drivers for the inter-model differences are different phasing of the up and down short-wave anomalies over the Arctic Ocean, which are associated with differences in model albedo; possible cloud property differences, in terms of optical depth; and LIG ocean circulation changes which occur for some, but not all, LIG simulations. Finally, we note that inter-comparisons between the LIG simulations and simulations for future climate with moderate (1 % yr−1) CO2 increase show a relationship between LIG sea ice and sea ice simulated under CO2 increase around the years of doubling CO2. The LIG may therefore yield insight into likely 21st century Arctic sea ice changes using these LIG simulations.
Published: 2021

7. Clinical Prediction Models for Heart Failure Hospitalization in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Author: Amir Razaghizad, Emily Oulousian, Varinder Kaur Randhawa, João Pedro Ferreira, James M. Brophy, Stephen J. Greene, Julian Guida, G. Michael Felker, Marat Fudim, Michael Tsoukas, Tricia M. Peters, Thomas A. Mavrakanas, Nadia Giannetti, Justin Ezekowitz, Abhinav Sharma, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Cleveland Clinic, Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aiguë et Chronique (DCAC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre d'investigation clinique plurithématique Pierre Drouin [Nancy] (CIC-P), Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists [Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy] (INI-CRCT), Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu [Nancy], French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network - F-CRIN [Paris] (Cardiovascular & Renal Clinical Trialists - CRCT ), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), Duke University [Durham], Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Jewish General Hospital, University of Alberta, and BOZEC, Erwan
Subjects: Heart Failure, Hospitalization, Models, Statistical, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Humans, Prognosis, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system
Abstract: Background Clinical prediction models have been developed for hospitalization for heart failure in type 2 diabetes. However, a systematic evaluation of these models’ performance, applicability, and clinical impact is absent. Methods and Results We searched Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Tufts’ clinical prediction registry through February 2021. Studies needed to report the development, validation, clinical impact, or update of a prediction model for hospitalization for heart failure in type 2 diabetes with measures of model performance and sufficient information for clinical use. Model assessment was done with the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, and meta‐analyses of model discrimination were performed. We included 15 model development and 3 external validation studies with data from 999 167 people with type 2 diabetes. Of the 15 models, 6 had undergone external validation and only 1 had low concern for risk of bias and applicability (Risk Equations for Complications of Type 2 Diabetes). Seven models were presented in a clinically useful manner (eg, risk score, online calculator) and 2 models were classified as the most suitable for clinical use based on study design, external validity, and point‐of‐care usability. These were Risk Equations for Complications of Type 2 Diabetes (meta‐analyzed c‐statistic, 0.76) and the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Risk Score for Heart Failure in Diabetes (meta‐analyzed c‐statistic, 0.78), which was the simplest model with only 5 variables. No studies reported clinical impact. Conclusions Most prediction models for hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes have potential concerns with risk of bias or applicability, and uncertain external validity and clinical impact. Future research is needed to address these knowledge gaps.
Published: 2022

8. Amyloid burden and white matter hyperintensities mediate age-related cognitive differences

Author: Sven Joubert, Guillaume T. Vallet, Maude Joannette, Pénélope Sévigny Dupont, Jim Nikelski, Marie Maxime Lavallée, Howard Chertkow, Christian Bocti, Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. Département de psychologie, Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Jewish General Hospital, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Aging, Neuroimaging, Cognitive aging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Alzheimer Disease, Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, medicine, Humans, Dementia, Neuropsychological assessment, Episodic memory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Amyloid beta-Peptides, medicine.diagnostic_test, Working memory, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Cognition, Alzheimer's disease, medicine.disease, Executive functions, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, White Matter, Hyperintensity, 030104 developmental biology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, Neurology (clinical), Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract: This study examined the additive versus synergistic contribution of beta-amyloid (Aβ) and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) across 7 cognitive domains in 104 cognitively normal older adults. It also measured the extent to which age-related differences in cognition are driven by measurable brain pathology. All participants underwent neuropsychological assessment along with magnetic resonance imaging and Pittsburg compound B-positron emission tomography imaging for Aβ quantification. WMH severity was quantified using the age-related white matter changes scale. Stepwise regressions, moderation, and mediation modeling were performed. Our findings show that Aβ deposition single-handedly predicts poorer episodic memory performance and that Aβ and WMHs contribute additively to poorer performance in working memory and language while carrying synergistic associations with executive functions and attention. Through mediation modeling, we demonstrated that the influence of age over episodic memory, working memory, executive functions, and language is fully mediated by brain pathology. This study permits to conclude that, in healthy older adults, (1) Aβ burden and WMHs have synergistic associations with some cognitive domains and (2) age-related differences in most cognitive domains are driven by brain pathology associated with dementia.
Published: 2020

9. Are school difficulties an early sign for mental disorder diagnosis and suicide prevention? A comparative study of individuals who died by suicide and control group

Author: Fabienne Ligier, Johanne Renaud, Monique Séguin, Charles-Édouard Giguère, Charles-Edouard Notredame, Alain Lesage, McGill Group for Suicide Studies [Montréal, Canada] (MGSS), Douglas Mental Health University Institute [Montréal], McGill University-McGill University, Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy (CPN), Service de Pédo-psychiatrie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Département de psychiatrie [Montréal], McGill University, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:RC435-571, Psychological intervention, Mental disorders, Suicide prevention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Forensic psychiatry, lcsh:Psychiatry, medicine, Child and adolescent psychiatry, Early childhood, Psychiatry, Mental disorder diagnosis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, 4. Education, lcsh:RJ1-570, lcsh:Pediatrics, medicine.disease, Mental health, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Substance abuse, Psychiatry and Mental health, Suicide, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, School difficulties, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Child and adolescent, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article
Abstract: Background Suicide is the third leading cause of death worldwide among youth aged 10- to 19, and mental disorders are often associated in the etiology of suicidal behavior. Mental disorders are often under-diagnosed and under-treated in young people, a situation likely to increase the severity of the disorder and suicide risk. Presence of school difficulties may, in some cases, be a consequence of mental disorder, and theses difficulties are observable. Therefore, early detection and early intervention of school difficulties may alleviate the development of mental disorders and suicide vulnerability. The aim of this study is to understand the link between school difficulties and suicide risk. Methods We used the data bank gathered by the McGill Group on Suicide Studies over the past two decades through interviews with the relatives of individuals who died by suicide and with individuals from the community as a control group. We included data on common sociodemographic characteristics, life events and mental health characteristics identified before age 18, among individuals who died before the age of 35 or were interviewed before the age of 35. We identified 200 individuals who died by suicide and 97 living controls. We compared groups according to gender and characteristics. Results Within the total sample, 74% were male, 13% had met with academic failure, 18% had engaged in inappropriate behavior at school, and 18% presented combined school difficulties. Combined school difficulties (academic failure and inappropriate behavior) for both sexes and academic failure alone for males were associated with higher suicide risk before the age of 35. School difficulties generally began in early childhood and were linked to mental disorders/difficulties and substance abuse before age 18. Conclusions This study underlines the importance for parents, teachers, and educators to identify children with school difficulties—academic failure and behavioral difficulties at school—as early as possible in order to be able to propose adapted interventions. Early identification and proper diagnosis may prevent chronicity of some disorders, accumulation of adverse events, and even suicide.
Published: 2020

10. Subtly altered topological asymmetry of brain structural covariance networks in autism spectrum disorder across 43 datasets from the ENIGMA consortium

Author: Zhiqiang Sha, Daan van Rooij, Evdokia Anagnostou, Celso Arango, Guillaume Auzias, Marlene Behrmann, Boris Bernhardt, Sven Bolte, Geraldo F. Busatto, Sara Calderoni, Rosa Calvo, Eileen Daly, Christine Deruelle, Meiyu Duan, Fabio Luis Souza Duran, Sarah Durston, Christine Ecker, Stefan Ehrlich, Damien Fair, Jennifer Fedor, Jacqueline Fitzgerald, Dorothea L. Floris, Barbara Franke, Christine M. Freitag, Louise Gallagher, David C. Glahn, Shlomi Haar, Liesbeth Hoekstra, Neda Jahanshad, Maria Jalbrzikowski, Joost Janssen, Joseph A. King, Luisa Lazaro, Beatriz Luna, Jane McGrath, Sarah E. Medland, Filippo Muratori, Declan G. M. Murphy, Janina Neufeld, Kirsten O’Hearn, Bob Oranje, Mara Parellada, Jose C. Pariente, Merel C. Postema, Karl Lundin Remnelius, Alessandra Retico, Pedro Gomes Penteado Rosa, Katya Rubia, Devon Shook, Kristiina Tammimies, Margot J. Taylor, Michela Tosetti, Gregory L. Wallace, Fengfeng Zhou, Paul M. Thompson, Simon E. Fisher, Jan K. Buitelaar, Clyde Francks, Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University [Nijmegen]-Radboud University [Nijmegen], Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital [Toronto, ON, Canada], University of Toronto, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Stockholm Health Care Services (SLSO), Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salut Mental (CIBER-SAM Network), Hospital Clinic Barcelona, King‘s College London, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, MetaGenoPolis (MGP (US 1367)), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Oregon Health and Science University [Portland] (OHSU), McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: Neuroinformatics, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Autism Spectrum Disorder, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], CHILDREN, ORGANIZATION, ACTIVATION, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, CONNECTIVITY, 130 000 Cognitive Neurology & Memory, CEREBRAL-CORTEX, Neural Pathways, Humans, HETEROGENEITY, Molecular Biology, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Psychiatry, Cerebral Cortex, Brain Mapping, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Science & Technology, LANGUAGE LATERALIZATION, Neurosciences, Brain, 06 Biological Sciences, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, INDIVIDUALS, MORPHOMETRY, Neurosciences & Neurology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, CORTICAL THICKNESS
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 251394.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Small average differences in the left-right asymmetry of cerebral cortical thickness have been reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to typically developing controls, affecting widespread cortical regions. The possible impacts of these regional alterations in terms of structural network effects have not previously been characterized. Inter-regional morphological covariance analysis can capture network connectivity between different cortical areas at the macroscale level. Here, we used cortical thickness data from 1455 individuals with ASD and 1560 controls, across 43 independent datasets of the ENIGMA consortium's ASD Working Group, to assess hemispheric asymmetries of intra-individual structural covariance networks, using graph theory-based topological metrics. Compared with typical features of small-world architecture in controls, the ASD sample showed significantly altered average asymmetry of networks involving the fusiform, rostral middle frontal, and medial orbitofrontal cortex, involving higher randomization of the corresponding right-hemispheric networks in ASD. A network involving the superior frontal cortex showed decreased right-hemisphere randomization. Based on comparisons with meta-analyzed functional neuroimaging data, the altered connectivity asymmetry particularly affected networks that subserve executive functions, language-related and sensorimotor processes. These findings provide a network-level characterization of altered left-right brain asymmetry in ASD, based on a large combined sample. Altered asymmetrical brain development in ASD may be partly propagated among spatially distant regions through structural connectivity.
Published: 2022

11. Benchmarking missing-values approaches for predictive models on health databases

Author: Alexandre Perez-Lebel, Gaël Varoquaux, Marine Le Morvan, Julie Josse, Jean-Baptiste Poline, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms [Montréal] (MILA), Centre de Recherches Mathématiques [Montréal] (CRM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM), Modelling brain structure, function and variability based on high-field MRI data (PARIETAL), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut Desbrest de santé publique (IDESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), ANR-17-CE23-0018,DirtyData,Intégration et nettoyage de données pour l'analyse statistique(2017), ANR-16-IDEX-0006,MUSE,MUSE(2016), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Médecine de précision par intégration de données et inférence causale (PREMEDICAL), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Desbrest de santé publique (IDESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Perez-Lebel, Alexandre, Intégration et nettoyage de données pour l'analyse statistique - - DirtyData2017 - ANR-17-CE23-0018 - AAPG2017 - VALID, and MUSE - - MUSE2016 - ANR-16-IDEX-0006 - IDEX - VALID
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, [INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Computer Science - Machine Learning, Databases, Factual, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Data Collection, Health Informatics, [INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Benchmark, [STAT.ML] Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Machine Learning (cs.LG), Computer Science Applications, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Benchmarking, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Bagging, Machine learning, Multiple imputation, Electronic Health Records, Missing values, Supervised learning, Imputation
Abstract: BACKGROUND: As databases grow larger, it becomes harder to fully control their collection, and they frequently come with missing values: incomplete observations. These large databases are well suited to train machine-learning models, for instance for forecasting or to extract biomarkers in biomedical settings. Such predictive approaches can use discriminative -- rather than generative -- modeling, and thus open the door to new missing-values strategies. Yet existing empirical evaluations of strategies to handle missing values have focused on inferential statistics. RESULTS: Here we conduct a systematic benchmark of missing-values strategies in predictive models with a focus on large health databases: four electronic health record datasets, a population brain imaging one, a health survey and two intensive care ones. Using gradient-boosted trees, we compare native support for missing values with simple and state-of-the-art imputation prior to learning. We investigate prediction accuracy and computational time. For prediction after imputation, we find that adding an indicator to express which values have been imputed is important, suggesting that the data are missing not at random. Elaborate missing values imputation can improve prediction compared to simple strategies but requires longer computational time on large data. Learning trees that model missing values-with missing incorporated attribute-leads to robust, fast, and well-performing predictive modeling. CONCLUSIONS: Native support for missing values in supervised machine learning predicts better than state-of-the-art imputation with much less computational cost. When using imputation, it is important to add indicator columns expressing which values have been imputed., GigaScience, Oxford Univ Press, In press
Published: 2022

12. Toward next-generation primate neuroscience: A collaboration-based strategic plan for integrative neuroimaging

Author: David C. Van Essen, Caspar M. Schwiedrzik, Takuro Ikeda, Shaomin Zhang, Marcello G. P. Rosa, Ning Liu, Aidan Murphy, Li Min Chen, Pinglei Bao, Julia Lehman, Yuki Hori, Pengcheng Li, Julien Vezoli, Peter H. Rudebeck, Yao Meng, Julian 'Bene' Ramirez, Pierre Pouget, Guillermo Gallardo, Rogier B. Mars, Charles E. Schroeder, Minqing Jiang, Steve Frey, Michael P. Milham, Mohammad Hadi Aarabi, Pascal Belin, Patrick Friedrich, Bichan Wu, Hector Figueroa, Ye He, Charles L. Wilson, Melanie Wilke, Eunha Baeg, Fadila Hadj-Bouziane, Danny Garside, Marco Pagani, Ting-Yat Wong, Igor Kagan, Abdelhadi Essamlali, Bharat B. Biswal, Wasana Ediri Arachchi, Julio Villalon, Zheng Wang, Kacie Dougherty, Neo Sunhang Shi, Luciano Simone, Roberto Toro, Benjamin Jung, Masaki Fukunaga, Zhanguang Zuo, Loïc Magrou, Xiaowei Song, Kadharbatcha S. Saleem, Michele A. Basso, Eduardo A. Garza-Villarreal, Chihiro Yokoyama, Aaron Tanenbaum, Brian E. Russ, Alexandre Rosa Franco, Alison R. Weiss, Isabel Restrepo, Alan C. Evans, Lixia Gao, Nobuyuki Kimura, Augix Guohua Xu, Piotr Majka, Colline Poirier, Justine Cléry, Bassem Hiba, Alessandro Gozzi, Xiaojie Wang, Nick Upright, Stan Colcombe, Yang Gao, Won Mok Shim, Eduardo Rojas Hortelano, Takuya Hayashi, Anna S. Mitchell, Andrew F. Rossi, Itamar Kahn, Jorge Jaramillo, Henry C. Evrard, Xin Yumeng, Gregory Kiar, Sean Froudist-Walsh, Elise Roger, Roberto A. Gulli, Yufan Wang, Damien A. Fair, Yuguang Zhao, Stephen J. Sawiak, Boris C. Bernhardt, Ulysse Klatzmann, Ashkan Alvand, Kep Kee Loh, David Schaeffer, Virginie Sivan, Daniel S. Margulies, Carly M. Drzewiecki, Tomoko Sakai, Ting Xu, Cirong Liu, Essa Yacoub, Theresa M. Desrochers, Seok-Jun Hong, Sethu Boopathy, Reza Azadi, Lu Yuheng, Aarit Ahuja, Zhifeng Liang, Elena Borra, Fernanda Ponce, Robert Dahnke, Julien Sein, Li Deying, Jitendra Sharma, A.J. Mitchell, Roger Little, Luqi Cheng, Du Xiao, Choong-Wan Woo, Xinhui Li, Chris Petkov, Ruiliang Bai, D Zaldivar, Sheyla Mejia, Haidong D. Lu, Nikoloz Sirmpilatze, Diego Emanuel Ortuzar Martinez, Suzanne N. Haber, Catherine Elorette, Yue Cui, Michael Hawrylycz, Jerome Sallet, Wim Vanduffel, Daniel R. Glen, Ralph Adolphs, Dongrong Xu, Simon Clavagnier, Rakshit Dadarwal, Marzio Gerbella, Hannah Doyle, Ningrong Ye, Xiaojin Liu, Xinyu Liu, Quansheng He, Christopher R. Madan, Vikas Pareek, James Cavanaugh, Sze Chai Kwok, Zhang Ying, Sam Vickery, Xiaoguang Tian, Zhou Xufeng, Bevil R. Conway, Mark Postans, Wei-an Sheng, Gianfranco Chavez, Rober Boshra, Yuki Kikuchi, Michael Ortiz-Rios, Céline Amiez, Felix Hoffstaedter, Elizabeth A. Buffalo, Amy Howard, Hsin-Yi Lai, Marianne Duyck, Samy Rima, Froesel Mathilda, Towela Mvula, Guilherme Freches, Alfonso Fajardo, Maria de la Iglesia-Vaya, Ana Rita Ribeiro Gomes, Xiongjie Yu, Afonso C. Silva, Andrew S. Fox, Long Cao, Anna W. Roe, Meizhen Qian, David Meunier, Erika Raven, Nicola Palomero-Gallagher, Jordy Tasserie, Joonas A. Autio, Francois Chouinard-Decorte, Hank P. Jedema, Shasha Yue, Xinjian Li, Xiaodong Chen, Kathleen Rockland, Satoka Hashimoto Fujimoto, Amiez Celine, Melina Cordeau, Olivier Coulon, Ravi S. Menon, Sandra Gonzalez Torrecilla, Bjørg Elisabeth Kilavik, Adam Messinger, Hecheng Jin, Steven Giavasis, Pierce Perkins, Conor Liston, Yujie Hou, Jakob Seidlitz, Kelly Shen, Yvonne Bennett, Franck Lamberton, Maxime Gaudet-Trafit, Suliann Ben Hamed, Chris Klink, Sabine Kastner, Lucas R. Trambaiolli, Lucija Jankovic-Rapan, Atsushi Fujimoto, Nadira Yusif Rodriguez, Maeva Gacoin, Amir Shmuel, Katja Heuer, Austin K. Behel, Susann Boretius, Paul A. Taylor, Child Mind Institute, Institute of Neurosciences and Psychology [Glasgow], University of Glasgow, Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (ISC-MJ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Tübingen, Oregon Health and Science University [Portland] (OHSU), New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU), Princeton Neuroscience Institute [Princeton], Consortium, PRIMatE Data and Resource Exchange (PRIME-DRE) Global Collaboration Workshop and, Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (CNC), Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (NKI), New York State Office of Mental Health, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Monash University [Clayton], Wellcome Trust Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN - FMRIB), University of Oxford, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University [Nijmegen], National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Newcastle University [Newcastle], McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Laboratorium voor Neuro- en Psychofysiologie, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), and Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL)
Subjects: Strategic planning, 0303 health sciences, Open science, biology, Action, intention, and motor control, Resource exchange, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Neuroscience(all), General Neuroscience, Nonhuman primate, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuroimaging, biology.animal, Primate, Beacon - Precision Imaging, ddc:610, Psychology, Neuroscience, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 239574.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Open science initiatives are creating opportunities to increase research coordination and impact in nonhuman primate (NHP) imaging. The PRIMatE Data and Resource Exchange community recently developed a collaboration-based strategic plan to advance NHP imaging as an integrative approach for multiscale neuroscience. 5 p.
Published: 2022

13. At-Home Training With a Rhythmic Video Game for Improving Orofacial, Manual, and Gait Abilities in Parkinson’s Disease: A Pilot Study

Author: Puyjarinet, Frédéric, Bégel, Valentin, Geny, Christian, Driss, Valérie, Cuartero, Marie-Charlotte, de Cock, Valérie Cochen, Pinto, Serge, Dalla Bella, Simone, Université de Montpellier (UM), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), CIC Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Saint Eloi (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Clinique Beau Soleil [Montpellier], International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM), University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw [Varsovie, Pologne], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music [Montréal, Canada] (CRBLM), and Pinto, Serge
Subjects: [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, music-based interventions, [INFO.INFO-MC]Computer Science [cs]/Mobile Computing, serious video games, [INFO.INFO-MC] Computer Science [cs]/Mobile Computing, Parkinson’s disease, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, rhythmic training, mobile technologies, [SDV.NEU.SC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Rhythm disorders are consistently reported in Parkinson’s disease (PD). They manifest across motor domains, such as in orofacial (oral diadochokinesis), manual (finger tapping), and gait tasks. It is still unclear, however, whether these disorders are domain- and task-specific, or result from impaired common mechanisms supporting rhythm processing (general dysrhythmia). We tested the possibility that an at-home intervention delivered via a rhythmic video game on tablet improves motor performance across motor domains in PD. Patients with PD ( n = 12) played at home a rhythmic video game (Rhythm Workers) on tablet, in which they finger-tapped to the beat of music, for 6 weeks. A control group ( n = 11) played an active non-rhythmic video game (Tetris). A third group ( n = 10) did not receive any intervention. We measured rhythmic abilities in orofacial, manual and gait motor domains, as well as rhythm perception, before and after the intervention. Patients who performed the rhythmic training improved their orofacial and manual rhythmic performance. This beneficial effect was linked to improved rhythm perception only following the rhythmic training period. We did not observe any improvement in rhythmic abilities in the other two groups. In this pilot study, we demonstrated that at-home intervention with a rhythmic video game using finger tapping can have beneficial effects on motor performance across different motor domains (manual and orofacial). This finding provides evidence of a general dysrhythmia in PD and paves the way to technology-driven interventions aiming at alleviating rhythm-related motor deficits in PD.
Published: 2022

14. Global acceleration of lake sediment accumulation rates associated with recent human population growth and land-use changes

Author: Alexandre Baud, Irene Gregory-Eaves, Jean-Philippe Jenny, Pierre Francus, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre Eau Terre Environnement [Québec] (INRS - ETE), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS), Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), and Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)
Subjects: Watershed, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Range (biology), Climate change, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Population density, 03 medical and health sciences, Paleolimnology, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, 0303 health sciences, Land use, Sediment, Global, 15. Life on land, Sedimentation, Spatial heterogeneity, Carbon storage, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Sedimentation rates, Physical geography
Abstract: International audience; Sediment Accumulation Rate (SAR; measured as mm yr(-1)) and Mass Accumulation Rate (MAR; measured as g cm(-2) yr(-1)) data were collected from published lake core records that spanned the past similar to 150 years, from approximately 500 sites worldwide. For each lake, key watershed characteristics including watershed size, slope, land use and climate were extracted, with the goal of quantifying the relative importance of these variables as drivers of SAR and MAR. General additive models provided evidence of accelerated global lake sediment infilling rates after AD 1950. Whereas the onset of sedimentation acceleration varied across ecoregions, global lake MAR values were found to have increased similar to threefold on average, since baseline conditions pre-1900 (i.e. mu(baseline) = 0.040 +/- 0.044 g cm(-2) yr(-1) and mu(modern) = 0.13 +/- 0.22 g cm(-2) yr(-1)). The significant drivers, identified through Linear Mixed Effect modeling of MAR time series, were watershed population density (log-transformed) and watershed cropland density (log-transformed). Our results highlight important spatial heterogeneity in SAR and MAR among lakes, precluding the use of simple modeling approaches. SAR and MAR were found to be moderately correlated to one another, despite the potential for post-depositional disparities between segments of the sediment cores. We identified organic matter content (loss-on-ignition, LOI) as a significant co-variate that could be used to correct inflated very recent SAR rates. Our empirical analyses suggest that, despite a wide range of natural variability among lakes, both SAR and MAR increased globally and the increases appear to be mainly the result of enhanced watershed activities associated with agriculture and urbanization.
Published: 2021

15. D'Alembert function for exact non-smooth modal analysis of the bar in unilateral contact

Author: Stéphane Junca, Mathias Legrand, David Urman, Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: Modal analysis, Unilateral contact, Boundary (topology), periodic solutions, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, Signorini complementarity conditions, 01 natural sciences, Neutral Delay Differential Equation, Normal mode, 0103 physical sciences, non-smooth modal analysis, 0101 mathematics, 010301 acoustics, Mathematics, vibration analysis, Mathematical analysis, Delay differential equation, Wave equation, Computer Science Applications, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph], Vibration, Control and Systems Engineering, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Displacement field, d'Alembert function, Analysis, unilateral contact
Abstract: International audience; Non-smooth modal analysis is an extension of modal analysis to non-smooth systems, prone to unilateral contact conditions for instance. The problem of a one-dimensional bar subject to unilateral contact on its boundary has been previously investigated numerically and the corresponding spectrum of vibration could be partially explored. In the present work, the non-smooth modal analysis of the above system is reformulated as a set of functional equations through the use of both d'Alembert solution to the wave equation and the method of steps for Neutral Delay Differential Equations. The system features a strong internal resonance condition and it is found that irrational and rational periods of vibration should be carefully distinguished. For irrational periods, the displacement field of the non-smooth modes of vibration consist in piecewise-linear functions of space and time and such a motion is unique for a prescribed energy. However, for rational periods, new periodic solutions are found analytically. They belong to families of iso-periodic solutions with piecewise-smooth displacement field in space and time.
Published: 2021

16. Numerical uncertainty in analytical pipelines lead to impactful variability in brain networks

Author: Gaël Varoquaux, de Oliveira Castro P, Alan C. Evans, Eric Petit, Gregory Kiar, Bratislav Misic, Yohan Chatelain, Tristan Glatard, Ariel Rokem, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Concordia University [Montreal], Laboratoire d'Informatique Parallélisme Réseaux Algorithmes Distribués (LI-PaRAD), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Intel France [Meudon], University of Washington [Seattle], Modelling brain structure, function and variability based on high-field MRI data (PARIETAL), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Laboratoire Exascale Computing Research (ERC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Intel France [Meudon], This research was financially supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) (award no. CGSD3-519497-2018). This work was also supported in part by funding provided by Brain Canada, in partner ship with Health Canada, for the Canadian Open Neuroscience Platform initiative, Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay
Subjects: Computer science, Pipeline (computing), computer.software_genre, Nervous System, Infographics, 0302 clinical medicine, Range (statistics), Medicine and Health Sciences, Instrumentation, Reliability (statistics), Data Management, 0303 health sciences, Brain Mapping, Multidisciplinary, Uncertainty, Software Engineering, Brain, Variance (accounting), Reproducibility, Physical Sciences, Connectome, Medicine, Engineering and Technology, Data mining, Anatomy, Stability, Graphs, Network Analysis, Network analysis, Research Article, Statistical Distributions, Connectomics, Computer and Information Sciences, Neural Networks, Imaging Techniques, Science, Models, Neurological, Stability (learning theory), Context (language use), Neuroimaging, Research and Analysis Methods, Stability (probability), Computer Software, 03 medical and health sciences, Robustness (computer science), [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, Data Visualization, Biology and Life Sciences, Probability Theory, Noise, Neuroanatomy, Nerve Net, Network Neuroscience, computer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Mathematics, Neuroscience
Abstract: The analysis of brain-imaging data requires complex and often non-linear transformations to support findings on brain function or pathologies. And yet, recent work has shown that variability in the choices that one makes when analyzing data can lead to quantitatively and qualitatively different results, endangering the trust in conclusions1–3. Even within a given method or analytical technique, numerical instabilities could compromise findings4–7. We instrumented a structural-connectome estimation pipeline with Monte Carlo Arithmetic8, 9, a technique to introduce random noise in floating-point computations, and evaluated the stability of the derived connectomes, their features10, 11, and the impact on a downstream analysis12, 13. The stability of results was found to be highly dependent upon which features of the connectomes were evaluated, and ranged from perfectly stable (i.e. no observed variability across executions) to highly unstable (i.e. the results contained no trustworthy significant information). While the extreme range and variability in results presented here could severely hamper our understanding of brain organization in brain-imaging studies, it also leads to an increase in the reliability of datasets. This paper highlights the potential of leveraging the induced variance in estimates of brain connectivity to reduce the bias in networks alongside increasing the robustness of their applications in the detection or classification of individual differences. This paper demonstrates that stability evaluations are necessary for understanding error and bias inherent to scientific computing, and that they should be a component of typical analytical workflows.
Published: 2021

17. Nonsmooth Modal Analysis via the Boundary Element Method for one-dimensional bar systems

Author: Tianzheng Lu, Mathias Legrand, Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: Unilateral contact, Modal analysis, Aerospace Engineering, Ocean Engineering, 01 natural sciences, Nonlinear modes, Harmonic balance, 0103 physical sciences, Nonlinear vibration, 0101 mathematics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010301 acoustics, Boundary element method, Mathematics, Nonsmooth dynamics, Partial differential equation, Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Mathematical analysis, Finite element method, 010101 applied mathematics, Method of mean weighted residuals, Modal, Control and Systems Engineering, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience; A numerical scheme grounded on the Boundary Element Method expressed in the Frequency Domain is proposed to perform Nonsmooth Modal Analysis of one-dimensional bar systems. The latter aims at finding continuous families of periodic orbits of mechanical components featuring unilateral contact constraints. The proposed formulation does not assume a semi-discretization in space of the governing Partial Differential Equations, as achieved in the Finite Element Method, and so mitigates a few associated numerical difficulties, such as chattering at the contact interface, or the questionable approximation of internal resonance conditions. The nonsmooth Signorini condition stemming from the unilateral contact constraint is enforced in a weighted residual sense via the Harmonic Balance Method. Periodic responses are investigated in the form of energy-frequency backbone curves along with the associated displacement fields. It is found that for the one-bar systems, the results compare well with existing works and the proposed methodology stands as a viable option in the field of interest. The two-bar system, for which no known results are reported in the literature, exhibits very rich nonsmooth modal dynamics with entangled nonsmooth modal motions combining hardening and softening effects via the intricate interaction of various, possibly subharmonic and internally resonant nonsmooth modes of the two bars.Two-bar system nonsmooth mode of vibration corresponding to Figure 14(b) Two-bar system nonsmooth mode of vibration corresponding to Figure 14(g) Two-bar system nonsmooth mode of vibration corresponding to Figure 18(b) Two-bar system nonsmooth mode of vibration corresponding to Figure 18(d) For all animations above, the two bars share a common colormap, from dark blue for negative displacements to yellow for positive displacements, in agreement with the axes x [left bar] and y [right bar] defined in figure 1(c), x positive to the right and y positive to the left.
Published: 2021

18. ESR/U-series dating Eemian human occupations of Northern France

Author: Bahain, Jean-Jacques, Farkh, Samer, Falguères, Christophe, Shao, Qingfeng, Voinchet, Pierre, Ghaleb, Bassam, Hérisson, David, Locht, Jean-Luc, Limondin-Lozouet, Nicole, Auguste, Patrick, Dabkowski, Julie, Deschodt, Laurent, Antoine, Pierre, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Nanjing Normal University (NNU), Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Anthropologie des techniques, des espaces et des territoires au Pliocène et au Pléistocène (AnTET), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Hérisson, David
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Caours, Eemian, Waziers, ESR/U-series, teeth
Abstract: International audience; Palaeolithic sites associated to the Eemian Interglacial (MIS 5e) are very rare in Northern France and their preservation is restricted to very specific geological contexts, in association with carbonated tufa (Caours) or peat deposits (Waziers). In order to check the reliability of ESR/U-series method to date teeth recovered from archaeological levels in so specific geological environments, teeth were sampled on these two Middle Palaeolithic sites and systematic in situ dosimetry was performed using portable gamma spectrometer. The ESR/U-series ages obtained on the Caours site are very homogeneous allowing the calculation of a mean age equal to 125 ± 4 ka, in agreement with the geological age and other available geochronological data (U-series on carbonate, TL on heated flints, OSL on sediments) and despite an relatively heterogeneous dosimetric environment (gamma dose rate ranging between ca 200 to 450 µGy/a). At Waziers, reducing chemical environment linked to the peat lead to very specific U-series data of the analysed teeth (U content lower than 0.1 ppm in all the dental tissues, evidence of leaching in some tissues), but the mean ESR/U-series age, 129 ± 4 ka, is also in agreement with the available geological and palaeoenvironmental data. These two studies confirm the reliability of ESR/U-series method to date with relative accuracy archaeological levels linked to such relatively short climatic event.
Published: 2021

19. Optimization for Lot-Sizing Problems Under Uncertainty: A Data-Driven Perspective

Author: Yossiri Adulyasak, Simon Thevenin, Paula Metzker, Alexandre Dolgui, HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal), Systèmes Logistiques et de Production (SLP ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Groupe d’études et de recherche en analyse des décisions (GERAD), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Département Automatique, Productique et Informatique (IMT Atlantique - DAPI), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)
Subjects: 060201 languages & linguistics, 021103 operations research, Operations research, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Perspective (graphical), 0211 other engineering and technologies, Context (language use), Time horizon, 06 humanities and the arts, 02 engineering and technology, Sizing, Data-driven, Data-driven optimization, Work (electrical), Optimization under uncertainties, 0602 languages and literature, [MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO], Lot-sizing problem, Quality (business), media_common
Abstract: International audience; In a manufacturing context, the lot-sizing problems (LSP) determine the quantity to produce over a planning horizon. Often, the parameters used in the LSP models are unknown when the decisions are made, and this uncertainty has a critical impact on the quality of the decisions. However, the large amount of data that can nowadays be collected from the shop floor allows inferring information on the LSP parameters and their variability. Therefore, a recent research trend is to properly account for the uncertainty in the LSP optimization models. This work presents a survey on data-driven optimization approaches for the LSPs. We also provide a comparison of some promising optimization methodologies in the context of data-driven modeling of LSPs.
Published: 2021

20. The adaptive robust lot-sizing problem with backorders under demand uncertainty

Author: Yossiri Adulyasak, Alexandre Dolgui, Simon Thevenin, Paula Metzker, HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal), Groupe d’études et de recherche en analyse des décisions (GERAD), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Département Automatique, Productique et Informatique (IMT Atlantique - DAPI), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Systèmes Logistiques et de Production (SLP ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), and Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST)
Subjects: Flexibility (engineering), Mathematical optimization, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Robust optimization, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Sizing, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Production planning, Robustness (computer science), Adaptive system, Production (economics), Quality (business), 030212 general & internal medicine, media_common
Abstract: International audience; To efficiently meet demand in a production system, the lot-sizing problem determines a production plan that minimizes the overall costs, optimizes the use of the available resources, and satisfies demand requirements. Nonetheless, uncertainties in the production environment directly affect the quality and feasibility of the production plans. In fact, demand can be highly volatile and influenced by multiple factors such as age, life-cycle, economic context, reference groups, culture, festive season. To increase the robustness of the production plan to unforeseen uncertainties, one could rely on the robust optimization methodology that offers ease and flexibility to account for uncertain parameters. In the light of the robust approaches, an adaptive robust uncapacitated lot-sizing model is proposed to deal with demand uncertainty. It offers a production plan that can be updated when demand information unfolds over time. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the adaptive model can outperform the static model, while marginal additional computational effort is required to obtain a robust production plan. The results also indicate that the proposed approach is a better alternative for production planning within a system that is flexible for changes in the lot size at each period.
Published: 2021

21. Making Mappings: Design Criteria for Live Performance

Author: Baptiste Caramiaux, Marcelo M. Wanderley, Stéphane Huot, Travis West, Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Technology and knowledge for interaction (LOKI), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique (ISIR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and This research was funded in part by a grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC).
Subjects: evaluation, Human–computer interaction, Computer science, mappings, Control (management), Perspective (graphical), [INFO.INFO-MM]Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], Design process, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], digital musical instruments, Thematic analysis, Replication (computing)
Abstract: The conference was held in a worldwide format (both online and at NYU Shanghai).; International audience; We present new results combining data from a previously published study of the mapping design process and a new replication of the same method with a group of participants having different background expertise. Our thematic analysis of participants' interview responses reveal some design criteria common to both groups of participants: mappings must manage the balance of control between the instrument and the player, and they should be easy to understand for the player and audience. We also consider several criteria that distinguish the two groups' evaluation strategies. We conclude with important discussion of the mapping designer's perspective, performance with gestural controllers, and the difficulties of evaluating mapping designs and musical instruments in general.
Published: 2021

22. Imitative Computer-Aided Musical Orchestration with Biologically Inspired Algorithms

Author: Marcelo F. Caetano, Carmine E. Cella, Schulich School of Music & CIRMMT, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Perception, Représentations, Image, Son, Musique (PRISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for New Music and Audio Technologies (CNMAT), European Project: 831852,MORPH, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), and Eduardo Reck Miranda
Subjects: [SHS.MUSIQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts, Computer science, Human–computer interaction, Formalism (philosophy), [INFO.INFO-SD]Computer Science [cs]/Sound [cs.SD], Computer-aided, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Instrumentation (computer programming), Musical, Orchestration (computing)
Abstract: International audience; Musical orchestration is an empirical art form based on tradition and heritage whose lack of formalism hinders the development of assisstive computational tools. Computer-aided musical orchestration (CAMO) systems aim to assist the composer in several steps of the orchestration procedure. Particularly, imitative CAMO focuses on instrumentation by aiding the composer in creating timbral mixtures as instrument combinations. Imitative CAMO allows composers to specify a reference sound and replicate it with a predetermined orchestra
Published: 2021

23. Perception of violin soundpost tightness through playing and listening tests

Author: Lei Fu, Claudia Fritz, Gary P. Scavone, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Lutheries - Acoustique - Musique (IJLRDA-LAM), Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert (DALEMBERT), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computational Acoustic Modeling Laboratory (CAML), Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Schulich School of Music [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], medicine.medical_specialty, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, media_common.quotation_subject, Audiology, 01 natural sciences, Violin, Length variation, 03 medical and health sciences, Sound, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Auscultation, Perception, 0103 physical sciences, Auditory Perception, medicine, Humans, Active listening, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Psychology, 010301 acoustics, Music, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common
Abstract: This study involved playing and listening (using recorded sounds) experiments to investigate how changes in soundpost length (for a fixed soundpost position) affect the perceptual qualities of the violin and what the threshold of change is below which players and luthiers do not perceive differences. A length-adjustable carbon fiber soundpost was employed. During the playing experiment, subjects played a provided violin on which the soundpost length was modified by the experimenter to find their optimal soundpost lengths. Then the experimenter varied the soundpost length randomly in ten trials within ±0.11 mm around their optimal lengths and asked subjects to always compare with the previous setting. The results showed that subjects' optimal soundpost lengths varied from 0.132 to 0.616 mm relative to the original length (53 mm), but subjects could not recognize length variation of 0.11 mm or less at above chance levels. During the listening experiment, subjects listened to 16 pairs of recordings through a computer interface and were asked, for each pair, whether the violin setup was the same or different. The results showed that subjects could differentiate soundpost lengths with a difference of about 0.198 mm at better than chance level.
Published: 2021

24. The influence of decision-making in tree ring-based climate reconstructions

Author: Guobao Xu, Christophe Corona, Rob Wilson, Ulf Büntgen, Josef Ludescher, Kathy Allen, Dominique Arseneault, Alexander V. Kirdyanov, Wolfgang Jens-Henrik Meier, Joel Guiot, Paolo Cherubini, Markus Stoffel, Clive Oppenheimer, Björn E. Gunnarson, Sebastian Guillet, Kristina Seftigen, A. Stine, Bao Yang, A. M. Trevino, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Matthew W. Salzer, Malcolm K. Hughes, Jianglin Wang, Scott St. George, Kurt Nicolussi, Fabio Gennaretti, Achim Bräuning, Peter Huybers, Samuli Helama, Paul J. Krusic, Olga V. Churakova (Sidorova), Jan Esper, Vladimir S. Myglan, Valerie Trouet, Ernesto Tejedor, Philipp Hochreuther, Snigdhansu Chatterjee, Jussi Grießinger, Frederick Reinig, Étienne Boucher, Büntgen, Ulf [0000-0002-3821-0818], Anchukaitis, Kevin J [0000-0002-8509-8080], Arseneault, Dominique [0000-0002-3419-2480], Bräuning, Achim [0000-0003-3106-4229], Churakova Sidorova, Olga V [0000-0002-1687-1201], Grießinger, Jussi [0000-0001-6103-2071], Helama, Samuli [0000-0002-9777-3354], Hughes, Malcolm K [0000-0003-1062-3167], Kirdyanov, Alexander V [0000-0002-6797-4964], Nicolussi, Kurt [0000-0002-1737-4119], Oppenheimer, Clive [0000-0003-4506-7260], Reinig, Frederick [0000-0001-6839-8340], Seftigen, Kristina [0000-0001-5555-5757], Stine, Alexander R [0000-0002-1676-5572], Stoffel, Markus [0000-0003-0816-1303], St George, Scott [0000-0002-0945-4944], Tejedor, Ernesto [0000-0001-6825-3870], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), University of St Andrews. School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute, Anchukaitis, Kevin J. [0000-0002-8509-8080], Churakova (Sidorova), Olga V. [0000-0002-1687-1201], Hughes, Malcolm K. [0000-0003-1062-3167], Kirdyanov, Alexander V. [0000-0002-6797-4964], Stine, Alexander R. [0000-0002-1676-5572], and St. George, Scott [0000-0002-0945-4944]
Subjects: 141, 704/106/694, 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Science, General Physics and Astronomy, Climate change, Palaeoclimate, 01 natural sciences, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Paleoclimatology, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Dendrochronology, ddc:550, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Research data, ddc:333.7-333.9, 13 Climate Action, GE, Multidisciplinary, Northern Hemisphere, DAS, General Chemistry, 706/648/697, Geography, 13. Climate action, Climatology, 704/106/413, GE Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Tree-ring chronologies underpin the majority of annually-resolved reconstructions of Common Era climate. However, they are derived using different datasets and techniques, the ramifications of which have hitherto been little explored. Here, we report the results of a double-blind experiment that yielded 15 Northern Hemisphere summer temperature reconstructions from a common network of regional tree-ring width datasets. Taken together as an ensemble, the Common Era reconstruction mean correlates with instrumental temperatures from 1794–2016 CE at 0.79 (p, Tree rings are a crucial archive for Common Era climate reconstructions, but the degree to which methodological decisions influence outcomes is not well known. Here, the authors show how different approaches taken by 15 different groups influence the ensemble temperature reconstruction from the same data.
Published: 2021

25. Childhood cognitive skill trajectories and suicide by mid-adulthood: an investigation of the 1958 British Birth Cohort

Author: Marie-Claude Geoffroy, Kyle T. Greenway, Massimiliano Orri, Stéphane Richard-Devantoy, Josie-Anne Bertrand, Gustavo Turecki, Chris Power, David Gunnell, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Douglas Mental Health University Institute, CISSS des Laurentides, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), The Douglas Research Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Population Health Sciences [Bristol, Royaume-Uni], University of Bristol [Bristol], National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol]-NHS Foundation Trust-University Hospitals Bristol, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health [London, UK], Department of educational and counselling psychology, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], DG is supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, England. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the National Institute for Health Research or the Department of Health and Social Care. MO is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 793396 and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. MCG holds a Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) and is supported by the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (AFSP). Dr Turecki holds a Canada Research Chair (Tier 1) and a NARSAD Distinguished Investigator Award. He is supported by grants from the Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) (FDN148374 and EGM141899). Drs Geoffroy and Turecki are supported by the Fonds de recherche du Québec – Santé (FRQS) through the Quebec Network on Suicide, Mood Disorders and Related Disorders., and European Project: 793396,LIFESPAN
Subjects: Male, Longitudinal study, Adolescent, Intelligence, Poison control, Suicide, Attempted, Suicide prevention, Occupational safety and health, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognitive Abilities, Academic Performance, Injury prevention, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Cognitive skill, Child, Applied Psychology, Intelligence Tests, Human factors and ergonomics, Middle Aged, United Kingdom, 030227 psychiatry, Suicide, Early-life influences, Psychiatry and Mental health, Reading, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Female, Mathematics, Birth cohort, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography, Cohort study
Abstract: BackgroundPoor cognitive abilities and low intellectual quotient (IQ) are associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts and suicide mortality. However, knowledge of how this association develops across the life-course is limited. Our study aims to establish whether individuals who died by suicide by mid-adulthood are distinguishable by their child-to-adolescence cognitive trajectories.MethodsParticipants were from the 1958 British Birth Cohort and were assessed for academic performance at ages 7, 11, and 16 and intelligence at 11 years. Suicides occurring by September 2012 were identified from linked national death certificates. We compared mean mathematics and reading abilities and rate of change across 7–16 years for individuals who died by suicide v. those still alive, with and without adjustment for potential early-life confounding factors. Analyses were based on 14 505 participants.ResultsFifty-five participants (48 males) had died by suicide by age 54 years. While males who died by suicide did not differ from participants still alive in reading scores at age 7 [effect size (g) = −0.04, p = 0.759], their reading scores had a less steep improvement up to age 16 compared to other participants. Adjustments for early-life confounding factors explained these differences. A similar pattern was observed for mathematics scores. There was no difference between individuals who died by suicide v. participants still alive on intelligence at 11 years.ConclusionsWhile no differences in tests of academic performance and IQ were observed, individuals who died by suicide had a less steep improvement in reading abilities over time compared to same-age peers.
Published: 2019

26. Atypical functional connectome hierarchy in autism

Author: Jonathan Smallwood, Richard A. I. Bethlehem, Reinder Vos de Wael, Sofie L. Valk, Daniel S. Margulies, Casey Paquola, Seok-Jun Hong, Sara Larivière, Boris C. Bernhardt, Adriana Di Martino, Michael P. Milham, Hong, Seok-Jun [0000-0002-1847-578X], Bethlehem, Richard AI [0000-0002-0714-0685], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Child Mind Institute, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine [Jülich] (INM-1), Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (NKI), New York State Office of Mental Health, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of York [York, UK]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Adolescent, Science, General Physics and Astronomy, Sensory system, behavioral disciplines and activities, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Motion, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Social cognition, mental disorders, medicine, Connectome, Humans, Autistic Disorder, lcsh:Science, Default mode network, Cerebral Cortex, Multidisciplinary, Hierarchy (mathematics), medicine.diagnostic_test, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Social Behavior Disorders, General Chemistry, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 030104 developmental biology, Autism spectrum disorder, Autism, Female, lcsh:Q, ddc:500, Nerve Net, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: One paradox of autism is the co-occurrence of deficits in sensory and higher-order socio-cognitive processing. Here, we examined whether these phenotypical patterns may relate to an overarching system-level imbalance—specifically a disruption in macroscale hierarchy affecting integration and segregation of unimodal and transmodal networks. Combining connectome gradient and stepwise connectivity analysis based on task-free functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we demonstrated atypical connectivity transitions between sensory and higher-order default mode regions in a large cohort of individuals with autism relative to typically-developing controls. Further analyses indicated that reduced differentiation related to perturbed stepwise connectivity from sensory towards transmodal areas, as well as atypical long-range rich-club connectivity. Supervised pattern learning revealed that hierarchical features predicted deficits in social cognition and low-level behavioral symptoms, but not communication-related symptoms. Our findings provide new evidence for imbalances in network hierarchy in autism, which offers a parsimonious reference frame to consolidate its diverse features., Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with symptoms ranging from sensory hypersensitivity to social difficulties. Here, the authors provide evidence of atypical connectivity transitions between sensory and higher-order cortical areas in people with ASD, which could underlie the diverse symptoms.
Published: 2019

27. An algorithm for cost optimization of PMU and communication infrastructure in WAMS

Author: Eglantine Camby, Marcia Helena Moreira Paiva, Helder Roberto de Oliveira Rocha, Marco António do Rosário Santos Cruz, Marcelo E. V. Segatto, Gilles Caporossi, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Graphes et Optimisation Mathématique [Bruxelles] (GOM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Integrated Optimization with Complex Structure (INOCS), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d’études et de recherche en analyse des décisions (GERAD), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), and École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-HEC Montréal (HEC Montréal)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)
Subjects: Flexibility (engineering), Heuristic (computer science), Computer science, 020209 energy, Variable Neighbourhood Search (VNS), 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], 02 engineering and technology, Transmission system, communication infrastructure, Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU), Variable (computer science), Electric power system, Transmission (telecommunications), Scalability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, optimal PMU placement, Transient (oscillation), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Algorithm, power system observability
Abstract: International audience; Power system state estimation relies increasingly on PMU measurements to ef-fectively control and monitor growing and stressed transmission networks whichare also affected by transient and dynamic events. High PMU cost has moti-vated optimal PMU placement solutions but recent works have shown the effectof communication infrastructure cost in PMU configuration. In this paper,we present a new method for the design of Wide Area Measurement Systems.A topological analysis algorithm based on the Variable Neighbourhood Searchheuristic is proposed and tested in several networks, including the common IEEEtest networks and the 5804-bus Brazilian transmission system. Our results showthe flexibility, effectiveness, and scalability of the proposed methodology whencompared with recent research presented in the literature.
Published: 2019

28. Partitioning genetic and species diversity refines our understanding of species–genetic diversity relationships

Author: Brett Ford, Vera W. Pfeiffer, Johann Housset, Audrey McCombs, José Luis Blanco-Pastor, Stéphanie Manel, Angéline Bertin, Nicolas Gouin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Biology, Florida Museum of Natural History, Centre d'étude de la forêt (CEF), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Alcina Forets, Partenaires INRAE, Iowa State University (ISU), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA), Universidad de La Serena (USERENA), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Université Téluq (TELUQ)-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO)-Concordia University [Montreal]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, genetic outlier, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, media_common.quotation_subject, SNP, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, species–genetic diversity correlation, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic variation, high Andean wetlands, species-genetic diversity correlation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Selection (genetic algorithm), Original Research, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common, Genetic diversity, Ecology, Species diversity, respiratory system, 15. Life on land, Agricultural sciences, 030104 developmental biology, diversité spécifique, Evolutionary biology, diversité génétique, Species evenness, Amplified fragment length polymorphism, Species richness, human activities, Sciences agricoles, corrélation, Diversity (politics)
Abstract: International audience; Disentangling the origin of species-genetic diversity correlations (SGDCs) is a challenging task that provides insight into the way that neutral and adaptive processes influence diversity at multiple levels. Genetic and species diversity are comprised by components that respond differently to the same ecological processes. Thus, it can be useful to partition species and genetic diversity into their different components to infer the mechanisms behind SGDCs. In this study, we applied such an approach using a high-elevation Andean wetland system, where previous evidence identified neutral processes as major determinants of the strong and positive covariation between plant species richness and AFLP genetic diversity of the common sedge Carex gayana. To tease apart putative neutral and non-neutral genetic variation of C. gayana, we identified loci putatively under selection from a dataset of 1,709 SNPs produced using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). Significant and positive relationships between local estimates of genetic and species diversities (alpha-SGDCs) were only found with the putatively neutral loci datasets and with species richness, confirming that neutral processes were primarily driving the correlations and that the involved processes differentially influenced local species diversity components (i.e., richness and evenness). In contrast, SGDCs based on genetic and community dissimilarities (beta-SGDCs) were only significant with the putative non-neutral datasets. This suggests that selective processes influencing C. gayana genetic diversity were involved in the detected correlations. Together, our results demonstrate that analyzing distinct components of genetic and species diversity simultaneously is useful to determine the mechanisms behind species-genetic diversity relationships.
Published: 2018

29. The default mode network in cognition: a topographical perspective

Author: Robert Leech, Elizabeth Jefferies, Jonathan Smallwood, Danilo Bzdok, Daniel S. Margulies, Boris C. Bernhardt, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], King‘s College London, Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms [Montréal] (MILA), Centre de Recherches Mathématiques [Montréal] (CRM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM), Department of Psychology [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], and Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center (UMR 8002), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and Université de Paris, Paris, France
Subjects: Sensory system, Cognitive neuroscience, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, Cortex (anatomy), Motor system, medicine, Humans, Set (psychology), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Default mode network, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Brain Mapping, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, General Neuroscience, Perspective (graphical), Brain, Default Mode Network, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, Psychology, Neuroscience, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The default mode network (DMN) is a set of widely distributed brain regions in the parietal, temporal and frontal cortex. These regions often show reductions in activity during attention-demanding tasks but increase their activity across multiple forms of complex cognition, many of which are linked to memory or abstract thought. Within the cortex, the DMN has been shown to be located in regions furthest away from those contributing to sensory and motor systems. Here, we consider how our knowledge of the topographic characteristics of the DMN can be leveraged to better understand how this network contributes to cognition and behaviour. Regions of the default mode network (DMN) are distributed across the brain and show patterns of activity that have linked them to various different functional domains. In this Perspective, Smallwood and colleagues consider how an examination of the topographic characteristics of the DMN can shed light on its contribution to cognition.
Published: 2021

30. The Malina oceanographic expedition: How do changes in ice cover, permafrost and UV radiation impact biodiversity and biogeochemical fluxes in the Arctic Ocean?

Author: P. Massicotte, R. M. W. Amon, D. Antoine, P. Archambault, S. Balzano, S. Bélanger, R. Benner, D. Boeuf, A. Bricaud, F. Bruyant, G. Chaillou, M. Chami, B. Charrière, J. Chen, H. Claustre, P. Coupel, N. Delsaut, D. Doxaran, J. Ehn, C. Fichot, M.-H. Forget, P. Fu, J. Gagnon, N. Garcia, B. Gasser, J.-F. Ghiglione, G. Gorsky, M. Gosselin, P. Gourvil, Y. Gratton, P. Guillot, H. J. Heipieper, S. Heussner, S. B. Hooker, Y. Huot, C. Jeanthon, W. Jeffrey, F. Joux, K. Kawamura, B. Lansard, E. Leymarie, H. Link, C. Lovejoy, C. Marec, D. Marie, J. Martin, J. Martín, G. Massé, A. Matsuoka, V. McKague, A. Mignot, W. L. Miller, J.-C. Miquel, A. Mucci, K. Ono, E. Ortega-Retuerta, C. Panagiotopoulos, T. Papakyriakou, M. Picheral, L. Prieur, P. Raimbault, J. Ras, R. A. Reynolds, A. Rochon, J.-F. Rontani, C. Schmechtig, S. Schmidt, R. Sempéré, Y. Shen, G. Song, D. Stramski, E. Tachibana, A. Thirouard, I. Tolosa, J.-É. Tremblay, M. Vaïtilingom, D. Vaulot, F. Vaultier, J. K. Volkman, H. Xie, G. Zheng, M. Babin, Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Marine and Coastal Environmental Science [Galveston], Texas A&M University [Galveston], Department of Oceanography [College Station], Texas A&M University [College Station], School of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Perth], Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC)-Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Departement de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), School of the Earth, Ocean and Environment [Columbia] (SEOE), University of South Carolina [Columbia], Department of Biological Sciences [Columbia], Institut des Sciences de la MER de Rimouski (ISMER), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry [Guiyang] (SKLEG), Institute of Geochemistry [Guiyang], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Centre for Earth Observation Science [Winnipeg], University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Department of Earth and Environment [Boston], Boston University [Boston] (BU), Institute of Surface-Earth System Science of Tianjin University, Tianjin University (TJU), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement [Québec] (INRS - ETE), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS), Department of Environmental Biotechnology [UFZ Leipzig], Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), GSFC Ocean Ecology Laborator, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Département de géomatique appliquée [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of west Florida, Chubu Institute for Advanced Studies (CIAS), Chubu University, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Maritime Systems [Rostock], Universität Rostock, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station de Biologie Marine de Concarneau, Direction générale déléguée à la Recherche, à l’Expertise, à la Valorisation et à l’Enseignement-Formation (DGD.REVE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Center for Marine and Environmental Studies (CMES), University of the Virgin Islands (UVI), Mercator Océan, Société Civile CNRS Ifremer IRD Météo-France SHOM, Department of Marine Sciences [Athens], University of Georgia [USA], International Atomic Energy Agency - Environment Laboratories Monaco (IAEA-EL), Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Montréal] (EPS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institute of Low Temperature Science [Sapporo], Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg (HIFMB), Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Marine Physical Laboratory (MPL), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Observatoire des sciences de l'univers Ecce Terra (ECCE TERRA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science (MEL), Xiamen University, School of Marine Science and Technology [Tianjin], Department of Physics [Columbus], Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Laboratoire de Recherche en Géosciences et Energies (LARGE), Université des Antilles (UA), Asian School of the Environment (ASE), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research (CSIRO-MAR), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), CSIRO Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Department of Earth Sciences [Amsterdam], VU University Amsterdam, NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Earth Science System Interdisciplinary Center [College Park] (ESSIC), College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System-University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Fédération de recherche de Roscoff (FR2424), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation [Pensacola] (UWF | CEDB), University of West Florida [Pensacola] (UWF), Océan et Interfaces (OCEANIS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas [Ushuaia] (CADIC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (ICPA), Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e islas del Atlántico Sur (UNTDF), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg = Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg (OFFIS), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Observatoire des sciences de l'univers Ecce Terra [Paris] (OSU ECCE TERRA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Laboratoire de Recherche en Géosciences et Energies [UR2_1] (LARGE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), ANR-08-BLAN-0308,Malina,How changes in ice cover, permafrost and UV radiation impact on biodiversity and biogeochemical fluxes in the Arctic Ocean(2008), European Project: 0713915(2007), European Project: 1504137(2015), European Project: 0229302(2002), European Project: 0425582(2004), European Project: 0713991(2007), Asian School of the Environment, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Observatoire des sciences de l'univers Ecce Terra [Paris] (ECCE TERRA), and Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biogeochemical cycle, Temperature Rise, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, BEAUFORT SEA, Ice field, SEA ICE, Geology [Science], Permafrost, 01 natural sciences, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https], Phytoplankton, 14. Life underwater, Transect, lcsh:Environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, ARCTIC OCEAN, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Permafrost Thawing, Pelagic zone, Estuary, lcsh:Geology, Oceanography, Arctic, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, MALINA
Abstract: The MALINA oceanographic campaign was conducted during summer 2009 to investigate the carbon stocks and the processes controlling the carbon fluxes in the Mackenzie River estuary and the Beaufort Sea. During the campaign, an extensive suite of physical, chemical and biological variables were measured across seven shelf basin transects (south north) to capture the meridional gradient between the estuary and the open ocean. Key variables such as temperature, absolute salinity, radiance, irradiance, nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll a concentration, bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and taxonomy, and carbon stocks and fluxes were routinely measured onboard the Canadian research icebreaker CCGS Amundsen and from a barge in shallow coastal areas or for sampling within broken ice fields. Here, we present the results of a joint effort to compile and standardize the collected data sets that will facilitate their reuse in further studies of the changing Arctic Ocean. Fil: Massicotte, Philippe. Laval University; Canadá Fil: Amon, Rainer. Texas A&M University; Estados Unidos Fil: Antoine, David. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Archambault, Philippe. Laval University; Canadá Fil: Balzano, Sergio. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Bélanger, Simon. Université du Québec a Montreal; Canadá Fil: Benner, Ronald. University Of South Carolina; Estados Unidos Fil: Boeuf, Dominique. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Bricaud, Annick. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Bruyant, Flavienne. Laval University; Canadá Fil: Chaillou, Gwenaelle. Institut Des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski; Canadá Fil: Chami, Malik. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Charrière, Bruno. Universite de Perpignan; Francia Fil: Chen, Jing. Tianjin University; China Fil: Claustre, Herve. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Coupel, Pierre. Laval University; Canadá Fil: Delsaut, Nicole. Universite de Perpignan; Francia Fil: Doxaran, David. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Ehn, Jens. University of Manitoba; Canadá Fil: Fichot, Cedric. Boston University; Estados Unidos Fil: Forget, Marie Helene. Laval University; Canadá Fil: Fu, Pingqing. Tianjin University; China Fil: Gagnon, Jonathan. Laval University; Canadá Fil: Garcia, Nicole. Aix Marseille Université; Francia Fil: Gasser, Beat. No especifíca; Fil: Ghiglione, Jean Francois. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Gorsky, Gaby. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Gosselin, Michel. Institut Des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski; Canadá Fil: Gourvil, Priscillia. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Gratton, Yves. Centre Eau Terre Environnement; Canadá Fil: Guillot, Pascal. Institut Des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski; Canadá Fil: Heipieper, Hermann. Helmholtz Zentrum Für Umweltforschung; Alemania Fil: Heussner, Serge. Universite de Perpignan; Francia Fil: Hooker, Stanford. Nasa Goddard Space Flight Center; Estados Unidos Fil: Huot, Yannick. University of Sherbrooke; Canadá Fil: Jeanthon, Christian. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Jeffrey, Wade. University Of West Florida; Estados Unidos Fil: Joux, Fabien. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Kawamura, Kimitaka. Chubu University; Japón Fil: Lansard, Bruno. No especifíca; Fil: Leymarie, Edouard. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Link, Heike. Universität Rostock; Alemania Fil: Lovejoy, Connie. Laval University; Canadá Fil: Marec, Claudie. Laval University; Canadá. Universite de Bretagne Occidentale; Francia Fil: Marie, Dominique. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Martin, Johannie. Laval University; Canadá Fil: Martín de Nascimento, Jacobo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina Fil: Massé, Guillaume. Laval University; Canadá Fil: Matsuoka, Atsushi. Laval University; Canadá Fil: McKague, Vanessa. University of Virginia; Estados Unidos Fil: Mignot, Alexandre. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Miller, William. University of Georgia; Estados Unidos Fil: Miquel, Juan Carlos. No especifíca; Fil: Mucci, Alfonso. McGill University; Canadá Fil: Ono, Kaori. No especifíca; Fil: Ortega-Retuerta, Eva. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Panagiotopoulos, Christos. Aix Marseille Université Marsella.; Francia Fil: Papakyriakou, Tim. University of Manitoba; Canadá Fil: Picheral, Marc. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Prieur, Louis. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Raimbault, Patrick. No especifíca; Fil: Ras, Josephine. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Reynolds, Rick. Marine Physical Laboratory; Estados Unidos Fil: Rochon, Andre. Institut Des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski; Canadá Fil: Rontani, Jean Francois. Aix Marseille Université; Francia Fil: Schmechtig, Catherine. Observatoire Des Sciences de L'univers; Francia Fil: Schmidt, Sabine. No especifíca; Fil: Sempéré, Richard. Aix Marseille Université,Marsella.; Francia Fil: Shen, Yuan. No especifíca; Fil: Song, Guisheng. Tianjin University; China Fil: Stramski, Dariusz. Marine Physical Laboratory; Francia Fil: Tachibana, Eri. Hokkaido University; Japón Fil: Thirouard, Alexandre. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Tolosa, Imma. No especifíca; Fil: Tremblay, Jean Eric. Laval University; Canadá Fil: Vaïtilingom, Mickael. Université Des Antilles; Francia Fil: Vaulot, Daniel. Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Francia Fil: Vaultier, Frederic. Aix Marseille Université; Francia Fil: Volkman, John. Csiro Marine And Atmospheric Research; Australia Fil: Xie, Huixiang. Institut Des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski; Canadá Fil: Zheng, Guangming. University of Maryland; Estados Unidos Fil: Babin, Marcel. Laval University; Canadá
Published: 2021

31. Association study of DNAJC13, UCHL1, HTRA2, GIGYF2, and EIF4G1 with Parkinson's disease

Author: Prabhjyot Saini, Guy A. Rouleau, Sandra B. Laurent, Ziv Gan-Or, Stanley Fahn, Sharon Hassin-Baer, Jennifer A. Ruskey, Eric Yu, Yves Dauvilliers, Uladzislau Rudakou, Nicolas Dupré, Edward A. Fon, Roy N. Alcalay, Alberto J. Espay, Dan Spiegelman, Ronald B. Postuma, Cheryl Waters, Oury Monchi, Farnaz Asayesh, Lior Greenbaum, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Department of Human Genetics [Montréal], Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery [Montreal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), Columbia University [New York], University of Calgary, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Département de neurologie [Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [Montpellier]-Université de Montpellier (UM), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU de Québec–Université Laval, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Chaim Sheba Medical Center, University of Cincinnati (UC), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [Montpellier]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Tel Aviv University (TAU), and Herrada, Anthony
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Aging, Association test, Parkinson's disease, French-Canadian, Disease, Biology, UCHL1, White People, Article, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rare mutations, medicine, Humans, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Association (psychology), Gene, Ashkenazi-Jewish, Genetic Association Studies, EIF4G1, Genetics, HTRA2, [SDV.MHEP.GEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, DNAJC13, General Neuroscience, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Parkinson Disease, High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 2, medicine.disease, GIGYF2, SKAT-O, 030104 developmental biology, Increased risk, Multiple comparisons problem, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), Geriatrics and Gerontology, Carrier Proteins, Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G, Negative Results, Ubiquitin Thiolesterase, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology, Molecular Chaperones
Abstract: International audience; Rare mutations in genes originally discovered in multigenerational families have been associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). The involvement of rare variants in DNAJC13, UCHL1, HTRA2, GIGYF2, and EIF4G1 loci has been poorly studied or has produced conflicting results across cohorts. However, they are still being often referred to as "PD genes" and used in different models. To further elucidate the role of these 5 genes in PD, we fully sequenced them using molecular inversion probes in 2408 patients with PD and 3444 controls from 3 different cohorts. A total of 788 rare variants were identified across the 5 genes and 3 cohorts. Burden analyses and optimized sequence Kernel association tests revealed no significant association between any of the genes and PD after correction for multiple comparisons. Our results do not support an association of the 5 tested genes with PD. Combined with previous studies, it is unlikely that any of these genes plays an important role in PD. Their designation as "PARK" genes should be reconsidered.
Published: 2021

32. 7T Epilepsy Task Force Consensus Recommendations on the Use of 7T MRI in Clinical Practice

Author: Jacobus F.A. Jansen, Thomas R. Henry, Pierre-Francois Van de Moortele, Boris C. Bernhardt, Natalie L. Voets, Jonathan R. Polimeni, Tim J. Veersema, Lucie Hertz-Pannier, Jullie W. Pan, Giske Opheim, Lars H. Pinborg, Neda Bernasconi, Michael T. Jurkiewicz, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Mirco Cosottini, Heath R. Pardoe, Srinivasan Mukundan, Karl Rössler, Irene Wang, Renzo Guerrini, Albert J. Colon, Karin Markenroth Bloch, Maria Vargas, Andrea Bernasconi, Isabella M. Björkman-Burtscher, Esther Steijvers, Sandhitsu R. Das, Serge Vulliemoz, Rong Xue, Alexandre Vignaud, Shuli Liang, Ruoyun Emily Ma, Siegfried Trattnig, Maxime Guye, Stephen E. Jones, Fabrice Bartolomei, Kathryn A. Davis, Steven M. Stufflebeam, Sara Inati, Joel M. Stein, Christopher Wiggins, Anja G. van der Kolk, Maria Strandberg, Ali R. Khan, Neurobiology Research Unit, Department of Neurology Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, UCPH, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, UCPH, Utrecht Brain Center [UMC], University Medical Center [Utrecht], Department of Radiology University Medical Center Utrecht, Lund University [Lund], Department of Neurology Neurophysiology and Neurosurgery, ACE Kempenhaeghe/MUMC, Heeze/Maastricht, PENN Epilepsy Center, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Neurology University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Maastricht University Medical Center, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience [Maastricht] (MHeNs), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Imaging Institute [Cleveland], Cleveland Clinic, Department of Neurology and Radiology University of Pittsburg, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Department of Radiology Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Sciences Lund University Hospital, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research [Minneapolis] (CMRR), University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Neuroradiology Division, Diagnostic Unit University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine of Geneva, Epilepsy Center Cleveland Clinic, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de neurophysiologie clinique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], University of Gothenburg (GU), Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Department of Neurology University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Building large instruments for neuroimaging: from population imaging to ultra-high magnetic fields (BAOBAB), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EEG Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, Department of Medical Imaging Children's Hospital at London Health Sciences Centre, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, Functional Neurosurgery Department Beijing Children's Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Epilepsy Clinic, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology [Cambridge], Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scannexus Ultrahigh Field MRI Research Center, Maastricht, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, Laboratoire d'Imagerie et de Spectroscopie (LRMN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Wellcome Trust Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN - FMRIB), University of Oxford, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, International Data Group/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), IMAGO 7 Foundation, Florence, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Lund University Bioimaging Center, Lund University, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Department of Neurosurgery Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy [Medical University of Vienna], High Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Department of Radiology Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Unité Baobab (BAOBAB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), University of Oxford [Oxford], EEG and Epilepsy Unit Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine of Geneva, and Neuroscience Department Children's Hospital A. Meyer-University of Florence
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, Consensus, Referral, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, IMAGES, MEDLINE, ddc:616.0757, PROSPECTIVE MOTION-CORRECTION, CLASSIFICATION, 3T, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Humans, In patient, Medical physics, 030212 general & internal medicine, Views & Reviews, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Task force, Brain, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, CEREBRAL CAVERNOUS MALFORMATIONS, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, ddc:616.8, Clinical Practice, FMRI, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, SYSTEM
Abstract: International audience; Identifying a structural brain lesion on MRI has important implications in epilepsy and is the most important factor that correlates with seizure freedom after surgery in patients with drug-resistant focal onset epilepsy. However, at conventional magnetic field strengths (1.5 and 3T), only approximately 60%–85% of MRI examinations reveal such lesions. Over the last decade, studies have demonstrated the added value of 7T MRI in patients with and without known epileptogenic lesions from 1.5 and/or 3T. However, translation of 7T MRI to clinical practice is still challenging, particularly in centers new to 7T, and there is a need for practical recommendations on targeted use of 7T MRI in the clinical management of patients with epilepsy. The 7T Epilepsy Task Force—an international group representing 21 7T MRI centers with experience from scanning over 2,000 patients with epilepsy—would hereby like to share its experience with the neurology community regarding the appropriate clinical indications, patient selection and preparation, acquisition protocols and setup, technical challenges, and radiologic guidelines for 7T MRI in patients with epilepsy. This article mainly addresses structural imaging; in addition, it presents multiple nonstructural MRI techniques that benefit from 7T and hold promise as future directions in epilepsy. Answering to the increased availability of 7T MRI as an approved tool for diagnostic purposes, this article aims to provide guidance on clinical 7T MRI epilepsy management by giving recommendations on referral, suitable 7T MRI protocols, and image interpretation.
Published: 2021

33. Increased functional coupling of the mu opioid receptor in the anterior insula of depressed individuals

Author: Daniel Almeida, Pierre-Eric Lutz, Brigitte L. Kieffer, Fabrice Jollant, Dominique Filliol, Gustavo Turecki, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Emotions, Receptors, Opioid, mu, Alpha (ethology), Insular cortex, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Depression (differential diagnoses), media_common, Pharmacology, Opioidergic, Cerebral Cortex, business.industry, Addiction, Brain, 030227 psychiatry, Analgesics, Opioid, Psychiatry and Mental health, Endocrinology, Opioid, μ-opioid receptor, Opiate, GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; The mu opioid receptor (MOR) is a G protein-coupled receptor that plays an essential role in reward and hedonic processes, and that has been implicated in disorders such as depression and addiction. Over the last decade, several brain imaging studies in depressed patients have consistently found that dysregulation of MOR function occurs in particular in the anterior insular cortex, an important brain site for the perception of internal states and emotional regulation. To investigate molecular mechanisms that may underlie these effects, here we assessed genetic polymorphisms, expression, and functional G-protein coupling of MOR in a large post-mortem cohort (N=95) composed of depressed individuals who died by suicide, and healthy controls. Results indicated that depression, but not comorbid substance use disorder or acute opiate consumption, was associated with increased MOR activity. This effect was partly explained by a specific increase in expression of the inhibitory alpha G-protein subunit GNAI2. Consistent with previous neuroimaging studies, our findings support the notion that enhanced endogenous opioidergic tone in the anterior insula may buffer negative affective states in depressed individuals, a mechanism that could potentially contribute to the antidepressant efficacy of emerging opioid-based medications.
Published: 2021

34. Prediction, Not Association, Paves the Road to Precision Medicine

Author: Ewout W. Steyerberg, Danilo Bzdok, Gaël Varoquaux, Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms [Montréal] (MILA), Centre de Recherches Mathématiques [Montréal] (CRM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM), McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Modelling brain structure, function and variability based on high-field MRI data (PARIETAL), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Universiteit Leiden, Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, [STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], Association (object-oriented programming), MEDLINE, Precision medicine, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Family medicine, medicine, Humans, Precision Medicine, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: International audience; In the 20th century, evidence-based medicine has put clinical practice on much more solid ground. For instance, randomized clinical trials have provided strong evidence on useful interventions, thanks to double-blind treatment application and tests for treatment associations with clinical outcomes. However, precision medicine in the 21st century strives for accurate prediction of what is beneficial for individual patients.1 Prediction, as opposed to association, comes into play when forecasting outcomes that are yet unobserved or hard to obtain.2 The machine-learning community has long cultivated and widely adopted practices that can be used to empirically evaluate successful generalization of extracted models on new individuals. We reinforce calls (eg, Stephan et al3) for wider adoption of statistical procedures that explicitly model and test extrapolation to individuals who have not yet been seen as a crucial avenue to hold up to the promises of precision psychiatry.
Published: 2021

35. First return time to the contact hyperplane for n-degree-of-freedom vibro-impact systems

Author: Huong Le Thi, Mathias Legrand, Stéphane Junca, Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Inria-SIC [Sophia Antipolis], Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), COmplex Flows For Energy and Environment (COFFEE), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: [PHYS.MECA.VIBR]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], Applied Mathematics, Open problem, 010102 general mathematics, Mathematical analysis, non-smooth analysis, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Poincaré section, Unilateral contact, First Return Time, MSC 34A38, 70K50, 70H14 (70K75), 01 natural sciences, Stability (probability), 010101 applied mathematics, Nonlinear system, Singularity, Hyperplane, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, Gravitational singularity, grazing, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 0101 mathematics, Mathematics, Poincaré map, unilateral contact
Abstract: The paper deals with the dynamics of conservative \begin{document}$ N $\end{document}-degree-of-freedom vibro-impact systems involving one unilateral contact condition and a linear free flow. Among all possible trajectories, grazing orbits exhibit a contact occurrence with vanishing incoming velocity which generates mathematical difficulties. Such problems are commonly tackled through the definition of a Poincaré section and the attendant First Return Map. It is known that the First Return Time to the Poincaré section features a square-root singularity near grazing. In this work, a non-orthodox yet natural and intrinsic Poincaré section is chosen to revisit the square-root singularity. It is based on the unilateral condition but is not transverse to the grazing orbits. A detailed investigation of the proposed Poincaré section is provided. Higher-order singularities in the First Return Time are exhibited. Also, activation coefficients of the square-root singularity for the First Return Map are defined. For the linear and periodic grazing orbits from which bifurcate nonlinear modes, one of these coefficients is necessarily non-vanishing. The present work is a step towards the stability analysis of grazing orbits, which still stands as an open problem.
Published: 2021

36. Municipal noise regulations in Quebec

Author: Trudeau, Christopher, Bild, Edda, Padois, Thomas, Perna, Maxime, Dumoulin, Romain, Dupont, Thomas, Guastavino, Catherine, Département de génie mécanique, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure [Montréal] (ETS), Laboratoire d'Analyse Vibratoire et Acoustique (LAVA), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: [PHYS.MECA.VIBR]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], 13. Climate action, 11. Sustainability, Quebec, noise regulations, environmental noise, limit values, [PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience; In Canada, there are three levels of governance (federal, provincial and municipal). We focus here on regulations related to environmental noise at the municipal level in the province of Quebec. We report on the main findings of a systematic review of 114 municipal regulations. The review covered regulations from 74 cities in Quebec, selected based on five criteria: size, geographical region, economic activity, proximity to major transportation infrastructure, and presence of outdoor recreational events. All official and up-to-date legal documents related to environmental noise were considered, including noise ordinances, rules of peace and order, and environmental protection acts. A qualitative analysis of definitions across documents indicates that environmental noise can be conceived as an acoustic phenomenon, an environmental pollutant, a public health concern, or a quality of life indicator. Other elements refer to the context in which it is experienced, in terms of time of day, zoning, activities and communities affected, as well as the agents producing noise. Furthermore, 35 municipalities include exposure limits in dBA mostly for overall sound level and 16 of them describe the measurement protocol. Most regulations rely on the energetic indicator LAeq,T, sometimes with corrections considering noise characteristics and emergence from the background noise. Despite variations across cities, limits typically center around: - 65 dBA outdoors and 45 dBA indoors for daytime, - 50 dBA outdoors and 40 dBA indoors for nighttime. The findings are discussed in light of best practices at the international level, including the World Health Organization guidelines. This research is funded by the Quebec ministries of Health (MSSS) and Environment (MELCC).
Published: 2020

37. Systematic review of municipal noise regulations in Quebec

Author: Trudeau, Christopher, Bild, Edda, Padois, Thomas, Perna, Maxime, Dumoulin, Romain, Dupont, Thomas, Guastavino, Catherine, Département de génie mécanique, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure [Montréal] (ETS), Laboratoire d'Analyse Vibratoire et Acoustique (LAVA), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: [PHYS.MECA.VIBR]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], Quebec, noise regulations, environmental noise, limit values, [PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience; In Canada, there are three levels of governance (federal, provincial and municipal). We focus here on regulations related to environmental noise at the municipal level in the province of Quebec. We report on the main findings of a systematic review of 114 municipal regulations. The review covered regulations from 74 cities in Quebec, selected based on five criteria: size, geographical region, economic activity, proximity to major transportation infrastructure, and presence of outdoor recreational events. All official and up-to-date legal documents related to environmental noise were considered, including noise ordinances, rules of peace and order, and environmental protection acts. A qualitative analysis of definitions across documents indicates that environmental noise can be conceived as an acoustic phenomenon, an environmental pollutant, a public health concern, or a quality of life indicator. Other elements refer to the context in which it is experienced, in terms of time of day, zoning, activities and communities affected, as well as the agents producing noise. Furthermore, 35 municipalities include exposure limits in dBA mostly for overall sound level and 16 of them describe the measurement protocol. Most regulations rely on the energetic indicator LAeq,T, sometimes with corrections considering noise characteristics and emergence from the background noise. Despite variations across cities, limits typically center around: - 65 dBA outdoors and 45 dBA indoors for daytime, - 50 dBA outdoors and 40 dBA indoors for nighttime. The findings are discussed in light of best practices at the international level, including the World Health Organization guidelines. This research is funded by the Quebec ministries of Health (MSSS) and Environment (MELCC).
Published: 2020

38. A global database of Holocene paleotemperature records

Author: Marcela Sandra Tonello, Vincent Montade, Walter Finsinger, Karen J. Taylor, Manuel Chevalier, Isabelle Larocque-Tobler, Philipp Sommer, Nicholas P. McKay, Mateusz Płóciennik, Snezhana Zhilich, David F. Porinchu, Andrei Andreev, Markus Heinrichs, Tomi P. Luoto, Elena A. Ilyashuk, Anson W. Mackay, Deborah Khider, Stephen J. Roberts, Cody C. Routson, Les C. Cwynar, Samuel L Jaccard, Naomi Holmes, Kira Rehfeld, Aaron P. Potito, Emma J. Pearson, Steve Juggins, Anais Orsi, Louise C. Foster, Angela Self, Sakari Salonen, Basil A. S. Davis, Boris K. Biskaborn, Christoph Dätwyler, Sebastien Bertrand, Anne de Vernal, Jeannine Marie St-Jacques, Angelica Feurdean, Janet M. Wilmshurst, Lukas Jonkers, Heikki Seppä, Stephen J. Brooks, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Sonja Hausmann, Peter G. Langdon, Steven B. Malevich, Larisa Nazarova, Shyhrete Shala, Enikö Magyari, Matthew Peros, Scott A. Reinemann, Krystyna M. Saunders, Elena Novenko, Barbara Stenni, Yarrow Axford, Liudmila Syrykh, Julien Emile-Geay, Nicolas Rolland, Bryan G. Mark, Jianyong Li, Andria Dawson, Mathew Fox, André F. Lotter, Jessica E. Tierney, Oliver Heiri, Stefan Engels, Ian R. Walker, Andrew P. Rees, Pol Tarrats, Valerie van den Bos, Konrad Gajewski, Brian M. Chase, Eugene R. Wahl, Martin Grosjean, Boris P. Ilyashuk, Thomas Brussel, Mónika Tóth, Enlou Zhang, Darrell S. Kaufman, Olivier Cartapanis, Magaly Caniupán, Julieta Massaferro, Reinhard Pienitz, John M. Fegyveresi, Manuel Bringué, Carrie Morrill, Gaute Velle, M. P. Erb, Marie Claude Fortin, Petr Pařil, Karin A. Koinig, Richard S. Vachula, Paola Moffa-Sanchez, Jeremiah Marsicek, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Utrecht University Palaeoecology, Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology (UTRECHT UNIVERSITY), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, University of Arizona, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Mount Royal University, Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institute of Environmental Physics [Heidelberg] (IUP), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Programme CIT, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Snecma Propulsion Solide (SPS), SAFRAN Group, University of Southern California (USC), Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Université d'Ottawa [Ontario] (uOttawa), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], University of Helsinki, Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Centre d'Etudes Nordiques (CEN), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Department of Geosciences and Geography [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Departemanto di Scienze Ambientali Informatica e Statistica (DAIS), University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Uni Research Environment, Uni Research Ltd, University of Bath [Bath], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, and Department of Geosciences and Geography
Subjects: Peat, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 580 Plants (Botany), computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, MILLENNIAL-SCALE CHANGES, Proxy (climate), purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https], INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE, HOLOCENE, 910 Geography & travel, lcsh:Science, Holocene, LAKE VUOLEP-NJAKAJAURE, geography.geographical_feature_category, Database, EASTERN TIBETAN PLATEAU, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Computer Science Applications, LATE-QUATERNARY VEGETATION, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE, PROXIES, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, geog, Geology, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, 1171 Geosciences, 010506 paleontology, NORTHERN NORTH-ATLANTIC, DATABASE, PALEOTEMPERATURE, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, education, Library and Information Sciences, Education, Paleoclimatology, SOUTH CHINA SEA, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Southern Hemisphere, 1172 Environmental sciences, POLLEN-BASED RECONSTRUCTION, 550 Earth sciences & geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], Intertropical Convergence Zone, Glacier, 15. Life on land, WESTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC, Sea surface temperature, 13. Climate action, Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica e Vulcanologia, Earth and Environmental Sciences, lcsh:Q, computer
Abstract: A comprehensive database of paleoclimate records is needed to place recent warming into the longer-term context of natural climate variability. We present a global compilation of quality-controlled, published, temperature-sensitive proxy records extending back 12,000 years through the Holocene. Data were compiled from 679 sites where time series cover at least 4000 years, are resolved at sub-millennial scale (median spacing of 400 years or finer) and have at least one age control point every 3000 years, with cut-off values slackened in data-sparse regions. The data derive from lake sediment (51%), marine sediment (31%), peat (11%), glacier ice (3%), and other natural archives. The database contains 1319 records, including 157 from the Southern Hemisphere. The multi-proxy database comprises paleotemperature time series based on ecological assemblages, as well as biophysical and geochemical indicators that reflect mean annual or seasonal temperatures, as encoded in the database. This database can be used to reconstruct the spatiotemporal evolution of Holocene temperature at global to regional scales, and is publicly available in Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format. Fil: Kaufman, Darrell. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: McKay, Nicholas. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Routson, Cody. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Erb, Michael. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Davis, Basil. University Of Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Heiri, Oliver. University Of Basel; Suiza Fil: Jaccard, Samuel. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Tierney, Jessica. University of Arizona; Estados Unidos Fil: Dätwyler, Christoph. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Axford, Yarrow. Northwestern University; Estados Unidos Fil: Brussel, Thomas. University of Utah; Estados Unidos Fil: Cartapanis, Olivier. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Chase, Brian. Universite de Montpellier; Francia Fil: Dawson, Andria. Mount Royal University; Canadá Fil: de Vernal, Anne. Université du Québec a Montreal; Canadá Fil: Engels, Stefan. University of London; Reino Unido Fil: Jonkers, Lukas. University Of Bremen; Alemania Fil: Marsicek, Jeremiah. University of Wisconsin-Madison; Estados Unidos Fil: Moffa Sánchez, Paola. University of Durham; Reino Unido Fil: Morrill, Carrie. University of Colorado; Estados Unidos Fil: Orsi, Anais. Université Paris-Saclay; Francia Fil: Rehfeld, Kira. Heidelberg University; Alemania Fil: Saunders, Krystyna. Australian Nuclear Science And Technology Organisation; Australia Fil: Sommer, Philipp. University Of Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Thomas, Elizabeth. University At Buffalo; Estados Unidos Fil: Tonello, Marcela Sandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina Fil: Tóth, Mónika. Balaton Limnological Institute; Hungría Fil: Vachula, Richard. Brown University; Estados Unidos Fil: Andreev, Andrei. Alfred Wegener Institut Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research; Alemania Fil: Bertrand, Sebastien. Ghent University; Bélgica Fil: Massaferro, Julieta. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Parque Nacional "Nahuel Huapi"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina
Published: 2020

39. Analgesia and sedation in patients with ARDS

Author: Timothy D. Girard, Yahya Shehabi, Bram Rochwerg, Bhakti K. Patel, Sangeeta Mehta, Samir Jaber, Thomas Langer, Jean François Payen, Hanne T. Olsen, John P. Kress, Claude Guérin, Gilles L. Fraser, E. Wesley Ely, Thomas Strøm, Michael J. Murray, John W. Devlin, Kathleen Puntillo, Jean-Michel Constantin, Matthieu Jabaudon, Gerald Chanques, Céline Gélinas, Pratik P. Pandharipande, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Northeastern University [Boston], Brigham & Women’s Hospital [Boston] (BWH), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Vanderbilt University Medical Center [Nashville], Vanderbilt University [Nashville], Tufts University School of Medicine [Boston], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Jewish General Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Université de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University of Toronto, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, University of Arizona, University of Chicago, CHU Grenoble, [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Monash University [Clayton], University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC), Chanques, G, Constantin, J, Devlin, J, Ely, E, Fraser, G, Gelinas, C, Girard, T, Guerin, C, Jabaudon, M, Jaber, S, Mehta, S, Langer, T, Murray, M, Pandharipande, P, Patel, B, Payen, J, Puntillo, K, Rochwerg, B, Shehabi, Y, Strom, T, Olsen, H, Kress, J, and MORNET, Dominique
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, ARDS, Sedation, medicine.medical_treatment, Pain medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Remifentanil, Guidelines as Topic, Review, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Mechanical ventilation, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Anesthesiology, medicine, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, Pain Management, Intensive care unit, MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA, Intensive care medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Acute respiratory distress syndrome, business.industry, Rehabilitation, COVID-19, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030228 respiratory system, Delirium, Analgesia, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is one of the most demanding conditions in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Management of analgesia and sedation in ARDS is particularly challenging. An expert panel was convened to produce a “state-of-the-art” article to support clinicians in the optimal management of analgesia/sedation in mechanically ventilated adults with ARDS, including those with COVID-19. Current ICU analgesia/sedation guidelines promote analgesia first and minimization of sedation, wakefulness, delirium prevention and early rehabilitation to facilitate ventilator and ICU liberation. However, these strategies cannot always be applied to patients with ARDS who sometimes require deep sedation and/or paralysis. Patients with severe ARDS may be under-represented in analgesia/sedation studies and currently recommended strategies may not be feasible. With lightened sedation, distress-related symptoms (e.g., pain and discomfort, anxiety, dyspnea) and patient-ventilator asynchrony should be systematically assessed and managed through interprofessional collaboration, prioritizing analgesia and anxiolysis. Adaptation of ventilator settings (e.g., use of a pressure-set mode, spontaneous breathing, sensitive inspiratory trigger) should be systematically considered before additional medications are administered. Managing the mechanical ventilator is of paramount importance to avoid the unnecessary use of deep sedation and/or paralysis. Therefore, applying an “ABCDEF-R” bundle (R = Respiratory-drive-control) may be beneficial in ARDS patients. Further studies are needed, especially regarding the use and long-term effects of fast-offset drugs (e.g., remifentanil, volatile anesthetics) and the electrophysiological assessment of analgesia/sedation (e.g., electroencephalogram devices, heart-rate variability, and video pupillometry). This review is particularly relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic given drug shortages and limited ICU-bed capacity.
Published: 2020

40. Nonsmooth modal analysis with boundary element method

Author: Mathias Legrand, Tianzheng Lu, Structural Dynamics and Vibration Laboratory [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: Frequency response, Shooting Method, Boundary Element Method, Modal analysis, Mathematical analysis, Unilateral contact, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph], Mechanical system, Shooting method, Displacement field, Harmonic Balance Method, Boundary element method, Nonsmooth Modal Analysis, Structural Dynamics, Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; Numerical schemes based on the Boundary Element Method are proposed to performNonsmooth Modal Analysis. The latter aims at finding continuous families of periodic orbitsof mechanical systems featuring unilateral contact constraints. In this contribution, a simpleone-dimensional rod system is targeted. The frequency response, in the form of backbone-curve diagrams, and displacement field are presented. The proposed results compare well withexisting studies on this topic.
Published: 2020

41. Education as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Episodic Memory and Amyloid Load in Normal Aging

Author: Maude Joannette, Howard Chertkow, Sven Joubert, Jim Nikelski, Christian Bocti, Guillaume T. Vallet, Pénélope Sévigny Dupont, Marie Maxime Lavallée, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Research Centre on Aging, Centre integré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Estrie (CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Jewish General Hospital, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. Département de psychologie, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), and CIUSSS de l'Estrie - CHUS
Subjects: Male, Amyloid, THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Biological Sciences, Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Memory, Episodic, Cognitive reserve, Neuropsychological Tests, Audiology, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Neuropsychological assessment, Episodic memory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, 05 social sciences, Moderation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Educational attainment, Brain aging, Positron-Emission Tomography, Cohort, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Educational Status, Biomarker (medicine), Female, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomarkers
Abstract: The current study explored whether education, a proxy of cognitive reserve, modifies the association between episodic memory (EM) performance and βeta-amyloid load (Aβ), a biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease, in a cohort of cognitively normal older adults. One hundred and four participants (mean age 73.3 years) evenly spread out in three bands of education were recruited. Participants underwent neuropsychological assessment, structural MRI as well as PET imaging to quantify Aβ load. Moderation analyses and the Johnson–Neyman technique were carried out to examine the interaction of education with Aβ load to predict EM performance. Linear regressions were then performed within each group of education to better illustrate the interaction effect (all analyses were controlled for age and sex). The interaction between education and Aβ load was significant (p < .05) for years of education, reaching a cutoff point of 13.5 years, above which the relationship between Aβ load and EM was no longer significant. Similarly, significant associations were found between Aβ and EM among participants with secondary (p < .01) and pre-university education (p < .01), but not with a university degree (p = .253). EM performance is associated with Aβ load in cognitively normal older individuals, and this relationship is moderated by educational attainment.
Published: 2020

42. Highly multimodal structure of high topological charge extreme ultraviolet vortex beams

Author: F. Sanson, O. Guilbaud, Fabrice Harms, Martin Richardson, Wensong Li, Ph. Balcou, David Ros, Eric G. Johnson, Moana Pittman, J. Demailly, O. Neveu, Guillaume Dovillaire, A. K. Pandey, Irene Papagiannouli, Elsa Baynard, Sophie Kazamias, Bruno Lucas, Physical Research Laboratory [Ahmedabad] (PRL), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Imagine Optic, AFOP, Centre Laser de l'Université Paris Sud (CLUPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de physique des gaz et des plasmas (LPGP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'interaction du rayonnement X avec la matière (LIXAM), Laboratoire des collisions atomiques et moléculaires (LCAM), LASERIX, Center for Research and Education in Optics and Lasers (CREOL), University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), CFD Lab [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Angular momentum, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, Wavefront sensor, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Deformable mirror, Vortex, 010309 optics, Optics, 13. Climate action, Extreme ultraviolet, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Light beam, Physics::Atomic Physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Topological quantum number, Beam (structure)
Abstract: International audience; Optische Strahlen mit Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) sind ein sehr aktives Forschungsfeld für ihre prospektiven Anwendungen, insbesondere bei kurzen Wellenlängen. Wir betrachten hier solche Strahlen, die durch hochharmonische Erzeugung (HHG) in einem seltenen Gas erzeugt werden, und analysieren die Charakterisierung ihrer Hochladungs-Wirbelstruktur durch einen EUV (Extreme UltraViolet) Hartmann-Wellenfrontsensor. Wir zeigen, dass solche HHG-Strahlen in der Regel aus einer Reihe von zahlreichen Vortex-Modi bestehen. Die Empfindlichkeit der Intensität und Phase des HHG-Strahls auf die infraroten (IR) Laseraberrationen wird mit einem deformierbaren Spiegel untersucht.; Optical beams carrying Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) are a very active field of research for their prospective applications, especially at short wavelengths. We consider here such beams produced through high-harmonic generation (HHG) in a rare gas and analyze the characterization of their high charge vortex structure by an EUV (Extreme UltraViolet) Hartmann wavefront sensor. We show that such HHG beams are generally composed of a set of numerous vortex modes. The sensitivity of the intensity and phase of the HHG beam to the infrared (IR) laser aberrations is investigated using a deformable mirror.; Les faisceaux optiques portant un Moment Angulaire Orbital (OAM) font l'objet de recherches très actives,en raison de l'intérêt de leurs applications potentielles, particulièrement à courtes longueurs d'onde. Nous nous intéressons ici à des faisceaux produits par Génération d'Harmoniques d'Ordre Elevé (HOE) dans un gaz rare, et analysons la structure du vortex de haute charge grâce à la caractérisation complète obtenue par un capteur de front d'onde de type Hartmann dans l'Extrême UltraViolet (EUV). Nous montrons que ces faisceaux HOE sont généralement constitués d'un ensemble de nombreux modes de vortex. Un miroir déformable nous permet d'étudier la sensibilité de l'éclairement et de la phase du faisceau HOE vis à vis des aberrations du laser infrarouge (IR).
Published: 2020

43. Supportive effect of body contact care with ylang ylang aromatherapy and mobile intervention team for suicide prevention: A pilot study

Author: Marianne Pradem, Aurélia Mulet, Stéphane Amadéo, Michel Spodenkiewicz, Ngoc Lam Nguyen, Annie Tuheiava, Nathalie Colin-Fagotin, Paul Pere, Patrick Favro, Guy Beauchamp, Moerani Rereao, Virginie Gassion, Steve Vilhem, Louis Jehel, Michel De Simone, Alban Prokop, Aurelia Malogne, Fabienne Bernis, Pierre Thomas, Pierre Dufour, Géraldine Rioche, Monique Séguin, Guillaume Vaiva, Taivini Teai, Germaine Vanquin, Erick Gokalsing, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et d'Ingénierie Environnementale (LGCIE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens (UMR 241) (EIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF), Sociétés Traditionnelles et Contemporaines en Océanie (EA 4241) (EASTCO), docteur vétérinaire, Bordeaux, Centre d'Études Périnatales de l'Océan Indien (CEPOI), Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), EPSM Réunion, Equipe OUTRE-MER (IPSOM) (U1178 Inserm), Santé mentale et santé publique (SMSP - U1178), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Rectorat de Guyane [Cayenne, Guyane Française], McGill Group for Suicide Studies [Montréal, Canada] (MGSS), Douglas Mental Health University Institute [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hôpital Fontan, CHU Lille, Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience [Lille] (CN2R), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)
Subjects: Medicine (General), medicine.medical_specialty, Prospective Clinical Research Report, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Pilot Projects, Suicide, Attempted, mobile intervention, Biochemistry, Suicide prevention, Polynesia, 03 medical and health sciences, R5-920, 0302 clinical medicine, prevention, Intervention (counseling), aromatherapy, medicine, ylang ylang, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Cananga, Psychiatry, Prospective cohort study, Depression (differential diagnoses), suicide, Modalities, business.industry, Biochemistry (medical), Cell Biology, General Medicine, anxiety, 030227 psychiatry, depression, Anxiety, medicine.symptom, business, Ylang-ylang, Aromatherapy
Abstract: Objectives To assess understudied, alternative suicide prevention modalities in a mental health care setting. Methods This was a prospective study of patients (n = 140, 68 cases and 72 controls) who were admitted to hospital or who contacted an SOS suicide crisis line for suicidal ideation or attempts. Psychiatric diagnoses (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview) and intensity of anxiety/depression/suicidality (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation) were assessed. All intervention group subjects received a crisis card with a crisis line number, interviews with psychologists or volunteers and a telephone call on days 10 to 21, then 6 months later. These subjects also had a choice between two further 4-month interventions: body contact care or mobile intervention team visits. Results The interventions significantly reduced the number of suicide attempts and suicide (3%) at 6 months compared with the control condition (12%). There were fewer losses to follow-up in the intervention group (7.35%) than in the control group (9.72%). Conclusions The results favour the implementation of integrated care and maintaining contact in suicide prevention.
Published: 2020

44. Highly multimodal structure of high topological charge extreme ultraviolet vortex beams

Author: SANSON, F., PANDEY, A., PAPAGIANNOULI, I., HARMS, F., DOVILLAIRE, G., BAYNARD, E., DEMAILLY, J., GUILBAUD, O., LUCAS, B., NEVEU, O., PITTMAN, M., ROS, D., RICHARDSON, M., JOHNSON, E., LI, W., BALCOU, P., KAZAMIAS, S., Physical Research Laboratory [Ahmedabad] (PRL), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Imagine Optic, AFOP, Centre Laser de l'Université Paris Sud (CLUPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de physique des gaz et des plasmas (LPGP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'interaction du rayonnement X avec la matière (LIXAM), Laboratoire des collisions atomiques et moléculaires (LCAM), LASERIX, Center for Research and Education in Optics and Lasers (CREOL), University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), CFD Lab [Montréal], Department of Mechanical Engineering [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]
Abstract: International audience; Optische Strahlen mit Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) sind ein sehr aktives Forschungsfeld für ihre prospektiven Anwendungen, insbesondere bei kurzen Wellenlängen. Wir betrachten hier solche Strahlen, die durch hochharmonische Erzeugung (HHG) in einem seltenen Gas erzeugt werden, und analysieren die Charakterisierung ihrer Hochladungs-Wirbelstruktur durch einen EUV (Extreme UltraViolet) Hartmann-Wellenfrontsensor. Wir zeigen, dass solche HHG-Strahlen in der Regel aus einer Reihe von zahlreichen Vortex-Modi bestehen. Die Empfindlichkeit der Intensität und Phase des HHG-Strahls auf die infraroten (IR) Laseraberrationen wird mit einem deformierbaren Spiegel untersucht.; Optical beams carrying Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) are a very active field of research for their prospective applications, especially at short wavelengths. We consider here such beams produced through high-harmonic generation (HHG) in a rare gas and analyze the characterization of their high charge vortex structure by an EUV (Extreme UltraViolet) Hartmann wavefront sensor. We show that such HHG beams are generally composed of a set of numerous vortex modes. The sensitivity of the intensity and phase of the HHG beam to the infrared (IR) laser aberrations is investigated using a deformable mirror.; Les faisceaux optiques portant un Moment Angulaire Orbital (OAM) font l'objet de recherches très actives,en raison de l'intérêt de leurs applications potentielles, particulièrement à courtes longueurs d'onde. Nous nous intéressons ici à des faisceaux produits par Génération d'Harmoniques d'Ordre Elevé (HOE) dans un gaz rare, et analysons la structure du vortex de haute charge grâce à la caractérisation complète obtenue par un capteur de front d'onde de type Hartmann dans l'Extrême UltraViolet (EUV). Nous montrons que ces faisceaux HOE sont généralement constitués d'un ensemble de nombreux modes de vortex. Un miroir déformable nous permet d'étudier la sensibilité de l'éclairement et de la phase du faisceau HOE vis à vis des aberrations du laser infrarouge (IR).
Published: 2020

45. Haptic Tutor - A haptics-based music education tool for beginners

Author: Tom, Ajin, Singh, Ankita, Daigle, Martin, Marandola, Fabrice, Wanderley, Marcelo, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Schulich School of Music [Montréal], Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Texas A&M University System, Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and We would like to thank the Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music, Media and Technology (CIRMMT) for funding this research. We wouldlike to express our gratitude to all the participants who took part in our study and giving us their valuable comments.
Subjects: InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.,HCI), [INFO]Computer Science [cs], ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
Abstract: International audience; In this paper we introduce Haptic Tutor, a wearable haptic system for triggering vibrations on limbs of a student drummer aimed to help develop multi-limb independence. The system uses portable, wireless vibrotactile devices to display haptic information on drummers' limbs. To asses the usefulness of the system, we analyse response time differences between stimuli and motor action (drum stroke). Our hypotheses are that the use of haptic stimuli will improve the temporal characteristics of performances, but also that the type of haptic stimuli will have an influence on performance results. To validate these hypotheses we conducted two experiments. The first one with participants randomly distributed in three groups, each group performing simple drumming lessons involving both hands under a given condition (no haptics, haptic pulse and haptic ramp). Results show clear improvement in strike accuracy for both haptic conditions, most clearly in the haptic ramp condition. Using these results, a second experiment was carried out in which 6 other participants were randomly divided into two groups (no haptics and haptic ramp conditions) and asked to perform a more complex lesson, this time involving three limbs (two arms and right foot). Results of both experiments show clear improvement on strike accuracy (reduced asynchrony), but a less important difference on strike precision (inter-onset-interval deviation) for the haptic condition. We finally report on participants subjective comments , discussing the limitations of the current prototype.
Published: 2020

46. A high-resolution elemental record of post-glacial lithic sedimentation in Upernavik Trough, western Greenland: History of ice-sheet dynamics and ocean circulation changes over the last 9100 years

Author: Guillaume St-Onge, Philippe Martinez, Olivier Ther, Eleonor Georgiadis, Myriam Caron, Pascal Lebleu, Jacques Giraudeau, Guillaume Massé, Isabelle Billy, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Institut des Sciences de la MER de Rimouski (ISMER), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), fondation Total, ANR: GreenEdge project,ANR (Contract #111112),Contract #111112, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Takuvik International Research Laboratory, Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), ANR-14-CE01-0017,Green Edge,Productivité biologique dans l'Océan Arctique: réponse passée, présente et future aux fluctuations climatiques, et impacts sur les flux de carbone, le réseau trophique et les communautés humaines locales(2014), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Ice-sheet dynamics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Tidewater glaciers, Greenland ice sheet, Climate change, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 02 engineering and technology, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Climate changes, Ocean circulation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 14. Life underwater, Glacial period, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ocean current, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Glacier, West Greenland, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Sedimentary rock, Physical geography, Geology
Abstract: International audience; A better understanding of the past dynamics of local sectors of the Greenland ice sheet (GIS) with regards to ocean circulation and climate changes can be developed from proxy records derived from marine sedimentary archives. Here we investigate the post 9.1 cal. Kyr BP history of the western sector of the GIS from the XRF core scanner-derived geochemistry of a sediment core retrieved from Upernavik Trough, Melville Bay. The elemental signature of material derived from Melville Bay glaciers, Upernavik Isstrom and Rink Isbrae can be inferred from the geology of the bedrocks drained by these major ice streams of the western GIS. Changes in abundance of Fe-rich basaltic material reflect changes in West Greenland Current (WGC) strength. Contributions from Melville Bay glaciers were dominant during the early part of the record as a result of the rapid retreat of this stretch of the NW GIS. Atmospheric warming and strengthened WGC between 7.5 and 5 cal. Kyrs BP promoted contributions from distal southern sources of lithic material to the sedimentation over Upernavik Trough. The Neoglacial shift in climate and ocean circulation led to a general reduction in the delivery of lithic material from western GIS glacier outlets glaciers. The particular geomorphology of the fjord hosting Rink Isbrae as well as the important depth of the Uummannaq Trough likely explain the high relative contribution of this glacier to the lithic sedimentation over Upernavik Trough during the later part of the Holocene despite a weakened WGC.
Published: 2020

47. The Open Brain Consent: Informing research participants and obtaining consent to share brain imaging data

Author: Nicolas Pascual Leone Espinosa, Matteo Visconti di Oleggio Castello, Stephan Heunis, Camille Maumet, Peer Herholz, Radim Jančálek, Cheng Wang, Vasileios K. Katsaros, Cyril Pernet, Henk-Jan Mutsaerts, Yaroslav O. Halchenko, Elise Bannier, Robert Oostenveld, Clara Moreau, Marko Havu, Nils Broeckx, Fengjuan Wang, Chuan-Peng Hu, Patricia Clement, Yue Hu, Dorien C. Huijser, Esin Ozturk-Isik, Paule-Joanne Toussaint, Satrajit S. Ghosh, Marie-Luise Kieseler, Enrico Glerean, Francesca B. Pizzini, Hua Zhu, Valentina Borghesani, John Pellman, María de la Iglesia Vayá, Krzysztof J. Gorgolewski, Gareth J. Barker, Kyrre E. Emblem, Anne Hespel, Amira Serifovic Trbalic, Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département de Radiologie [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR), King‘s College London, University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC), University of Antwerp (UA), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Aalto University, Vysšaja škola èkonomiki = National Research University Higher School of Economics [Moscow] (HSE), Stanford University, Dartmouth College [Hanover], McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Rennes], Eindhoven University of Technology [Eindhoven] (TU/e), Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], Nanjing Normal University (NNU), Erasmus University Rotterdam, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana [Espagne] (FISABIO), St. Anne’s University Hospital [Brno], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Neuroimagerie: méthodes et applications (Empenn), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Radboud University [Nijmegen], Boǧaziçi üniversitesi = Boğaziçi University [Istanbul], Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University [New York], University of Edinburgh, Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Univerzitet u Tuzli [Tuzla, Bosnie-Herzégovine], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute (HWNI), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Fujian Normal University [Fujian], Beihang University (BUAA), European Cooperation in Science and Technology, Grant/Award Number: CA‐18206, National Institute of Health, Grant/Award Number: NIH‐NIBIB P41 EB019936, National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: NSF 1429999, EU INTER‐EXCELLENCE program, Grant/Award Number: LTC20027, NIMH, Grant/Award Number: R01MH096906, International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology ICN HSE RF, Grant/Award Number: 075–15–2019–1930, Maumet, Camille, Radiology and nuclear medicine, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), National Research University Higher School of Economics [Moscow] (HSE), Empenn, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Radboud university [Nijmegen], Boğaziçi University [Istanbul], University of Verona (UNIVR), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: Research Subjects, Internet privacy, Context (language use), Neuroimaging, brain imaging, ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING, 050105 experimental psychology, general data protection regulation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Informed consent, Obtaining consent, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 030304 developmental biology, Computer. Automation, 0303 health sciences, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Information Dissemination, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, informed consent, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Brain, Data sharing, Editorial, Neurology, General Data Protection Regulation, Key (cryptography), Neurology (clinical), Human research, Human medicine, Anatomy, Psychology, business, Consent Forms, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Online ahead of print; International audience; Having the means to share research data openly is essential to modern science. For human research, a key aspect in this endeavor is obtaining consent from participants, not just to take part in a study, which is a basic ethical principle, but also to share their data with the scientific community. To ensure that the participants' privacy is respected, national and/or supranational regulations and laws are in place. It is, however, not always clear to researchers what the implications of those are, nor how to comply with them. The Open Brain Consent (https://open-brain-consent.readthedocs.io) is an international initiative that aims to provide researchers in the brain imaging community with information about data sharing options and tools. We present here a short history of this project and its latest developments, and share pointers to consent forms, including a template consent form that is compliant with the EU general data protection regulation. We also share pointers to an associated data user agreement that is not only useful in the EU context, but also for any researchers dealing with personal (clinical) data elsewhere.
Published: 2020

48. Oligogenicity, C9orf72 expansion, and variant severity in ALS

Author: Patrick A. Dion, William Camu, Claire S. Leblond, Guy A. Rouleau, Nicolas Dupré, Alexandre Dionne-Laporte, Dan Spiegelman, Sandra B. Laurent, Jay P. Ross, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [CHU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Montpellier (UM), CHU de Québec–Université Laval, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Faculté de médecine de l'Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery [Montreal], Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and Jay Ross has received a doctoral student fellowship from the ALS Society of Canada and a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Frederick Banting & Charles Best Canada Graduate Scholarship (FRN 159279). We thank the ALS Society of Canada, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, and Brain Canada for research funding.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Multifactorial Inheritance, MESH: Sequence Analysis, DNA, MESH: DNA Repeat Expansion, Pathogenesis, Cohort Studies, C9orf72 expansion, 0302 clinical medicine, C9orf72, MESH: Genetic Variation, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, MESH: Cohort Studies, Genetics (clinical), MESH: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Genetics, MESH: Aged, DNA Repeat Expansion, MESH: Middle Aged, Variant severity, Oligogenic Inheritance, Middle Aged, Frontotemporal Dementia, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], France, MESH: C9orf72 Protein, Adult, Canada, MESH: Frontotemporal Dementia, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, MESH: Canada, medicine, Humans, Gene, Aged, MESH: Humans, C9orf72 Protein, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Genetic Variation, MESH: Adult, Sequence Analysis, DNA, medicine.disease, Molecular medicine, Human genetics, MESH: Male, Oligogenicity, MESH: France, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Disease Presentation, ALS, MESH: Multifactorial Inheritance, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; "Oligogenic inheritance" is used to describe cases where more than one rare pathogenic variant is observed in the same individual. While multiple variants can alter disease presentation, the necessity of multiple variants to instigate pathogenesis has not been addressed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We sequenced ALS-associated genes in C9orf72-expansion-positive and negative ALS patients, alongside unaffected controls, to test the importance of oligogenicity and variant deleteriousness in ALS. We found that all groups had similar numbers of rare variants, but that variant severity was significantly higher in C9orf72-negative ALS cases, suggesting sufficiency of C9orf72 expansion to cause ALS alone.
Published: 2020

49. Making Mappings: Examining the Design Process

Author: West, Travis J, Wanderley, Marcelo, Caramiaux, Baptiste, Michon, Romain, Schroeder, Franziska, Input Devices and Music Interaction Laboratory (IDMIL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Musique, Médias et Technologie [Montréal] (CIRMMT), Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Schulich School of Music [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Extreme Interaction (EX-SITU), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), and CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: design process, [SHS.MUSIQ]Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts, mappings, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], digital musical instruments, creativity
Abstract: International audience; We conducted a study which examines mappings from a relatively unexplored perspective: how they are made. Twelve skilled NIME users designed a mapping from a T-Stick to a subtractive synthesizer, and were interviewed about their approach to mapping design. We present a thematic analysis of the interviews, with reference to data recordings captured while the designers worked. Our results suggest that the mapping design process is an iterative process that alternates between two working modes: diffuse exploration and directed experimentation.
Published: 2020
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50. Neuroanatomical changes in white and grey matter after sleeve gastrectomy

Author: Yashar Zeighami, Mélissa Pelletier, Mahsa Dadar, Simon Marceau, Andréanne Michaud, Laurent Biertho, Yvonne H. C. Yau, Isabel García-García, D. Louis Collins, Denis Richard, Alain Dagher, André Tchernof, Mélanie Nadeau, Sylvain Iceta, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery [Montreal], Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], University of Barcelona, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and CarMeN, laboratoire
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Physiology, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, Gray Matter, medicine.diagnostic_test, 05 social sciences, White matter, Brain, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Diagnòstic per la imatge, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cirurgia de l'obesitat, Neurology, Diagnostic imaging, Female, medicine.symptom, Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, Bariatric surgery, Adult, Sleeve gastrectomy, Waist, Grey matter, Cognitive Neuroscience, 050105 experimental psychology, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, Neurologia, Inflammation, Gastrectomy, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Obesity, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, business.industry, Voxel-based morphometry, medicine.disease, Obesity surgery, Lipid profile, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: MRI studies show that obese adults have reduced grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) tissue density as well as altered WM integrity. Bariatric surgery can lead to substantial weight loss and improvements in metabolic parameters, but it remains to be examined if it induces structural brain changes. The aim of this study was to characterize GM and WM density changes measured with MRI in a longitudinal setting following sleeve gastrectomy, and to determine whether any changes are related to inflammation and cardiometabolic blood markers. METHODS: 29 participants with obesity (age: 45.9 ± 7.8 years) scheduled to undergo sleeve gastrectomy were recruited. High-resolution T1-weighted anatomical images were acquired 1 month prior to as well as 4 and 12 months after surgery. GM and WM densities were quantified using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Circulating lipid profile, glucose, insulin and inflammatory markers (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein) were measured at each time point. A linear mixed effect model was used to compare brain changes before and after SG, controlling for age, sex, initial BMI and diabetic status. To assess the associations between changes in adiposity, metabolism and inflammation and changes in GM or WM density, the mean GM and WM densities were extracted across all the participants using atlas-derived regions of interest, and linear mixed-effect models were used. RESULTS: As expected, weight, BMI, waist circumference and neck circumference significantly decreased after SG compared with baseline (p \textless 0.001 for all). A widespread increase in WM density was observed after surgery, particularly in the cerebellum, brain stem, cerebellar peduncle, cingulum, corpus callosum and corona radiata (p \textless 0.05, after FDR correction). Significant increases in GM density were observed 4 months after SG compared to baseline in several brain regions such as the bilateral occipital cortex, temporal cortex, postcentral gyrus, cerebellum, hippocampus and insula as well as right fusiform gyrus, right parahippocampal gyrus, right lingual gyrus and right amygdala. These GM and WM increases were more pronounced and widespread after 12 months and were significantly associated with post-operative weight loss and the improvement of metabolic alterations. A linear mixed-effect model also showed associations between post-operative reductions in lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, a marker of inflammation, and increased WM density. To confirm our results, we tested whether the peak of each significant region showed BMI-related differences in an independent dataset (Human Connectome Project). We matched a group of individuals who were severely obese with a group of individuals who were lean for age, sex and ethnicity. Severe obesity was associated with reduced WM density in the brain stem and cerebellar peduncle as well as reduced GM density in cerebellum, regions that significantly changed after surgery (p \textless 0.01 for all clusters). CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss and improvement in metabolic alterations is associated with widespread increases in WM and GM densities. These post-operative changes overlapped with baseline brain differences between participants who were severely obese and those who were normal-weight in a separate dataset, which may suggest a recovery of WM and GM alterations after bariatric surgery.
Published: 2020

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