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42 results on '"McLean, C.A."'

2. 11C-PiB PET studies in typical sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Author

Villemagne, V.L., McLean, C.A., Reardon, K., Boyd, A., Lewis, V., Klug, G., Jones, G., Baxendale, D., Masters, C.L., Rowe, C.C., and Collins, S.J.

Subjects
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease -- Development and progression, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease -- Diagnosis, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease -- Research, PET imaging -- Analysis, Biological markers -- Research, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
2009

4. Design and development of an unconstrained dynamic knee simulator

Author

McLean, C.A. and Ahmed, A.M.

Subjects
Knee -- Models, Synthetic training devices -- Design and construction, Joints -- Range of motion, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology
Abstract

A dynamic knee simulator has been developed to allow in-vitro investigation of the mechanical response of the joint corresponding to dynamic functional activities, e.g., walking. In the simulator, the controlled inputs are the time-histories of three parameters of a given dynamic activity: the flexion angle, and the flexion/extension moment and tibial axial force components of the foot-to-floor reaction. A combination of stepping motors and electro-hydraulic actuators is used to apply to a knee specimen, simultaneously and independently, the specified load and/or displacement inputs while allowing unconstrained relative motion between the joint members. Satisfactory performance of the simulator has been established for walking gait conditions based on measurements on three fresh-frozen specimens., A dynamic knee simulator which allows in-vitro analysis of the mechanical response of the joint corresponding to dynamical functional activities was presented. The simulator uses the flexion angle, the flexion/extension moment and the tibial axial force components of the foot-to-floor reaction as controlled inputs. The device is actuated by a combination of stepping motors and electro-hydraulic actuators.

Published
1993

11. Genetic Predisposition to In Situ and Invasive Lobular\ud Carcinoma of the Breast

Author

Sawyer, E., Roylance, R., Petridis, C., Brook, M.N., Nowinski, S., Papouli, E., Fletcher, O., Pinder, S., Hanby, A., Kohut, K., Gorman, P., Caneppele, M., Peto, J., Silva, I.D.S., Johnson, N., Swann, R., Dwek, M., Perkins, K-A., Gillett, C., Houlston, R., Ross, G., De Ieso, P., Southey, M.C., Hopper, J.L., Provenzano, E., Apicella, C., Wesseling, J., Cornelissen, S., Keeman, R., Fasching, P.A., Jud, S.M., Ekici, A.B., Beckmann, M.W., Kerin, M.J., Marme, F., Schneeweiss, A., Sohn, C., Burwinkel, B., Guenel, P., Truong, T., Laurent-Puig, P., Kerbrat, P., Bojesen, S.E., Nordestgaard, B.G., Nielsen, S.F., Flyger, H., Milne, R.L., Perez, J.I.A., Menendez, P., Benitez, J., Brenner, H., Dieffenbach, A.K., Arndt, V., Stegmaier, C., Meindl, A., Lichtner, P., Schmutzler, R.K., Lochmann, M., Brauch, H., Fischer, H-P., Ko, Y-D., Nevanlinna, H., Muranen, T.A., Aittomaki, K., Blomqvist, C., Bogdanova, N.V., Dork, T., Lindblom, A., Margolin, S., Mannermaa, A., Kataja, V., Kosma, V-M., Hartikainen, J.M., Chenevix-Trench, G., Lambrechts, D., Weltens, C., Van Limbergen, E., Hatse, S., Chang-Claude, J., Rudolph, A., Seibold, P., Flesch-Janys, D., Radice, P., Peterlongo, P., Bonanni, B., Volorio, S., Giles, G.G., Severi, G., Baglietto, L., Mclean, C.A., Haiman, C.A., Henderson, B.E., Schumacher, F., Le Marchand, L., Simard, J., Goldberg, M.S., Labreche, F., Dumont, M., Kristensen, V., Winqvist, R., Pylkas, K., Jukkola-Vuorinen, A., Kauppila, S., Andrulis, I.L., Knight, J.A., Glendon, G., Mulligan, A.M., Devillee, P., Tollenaar, R.A.E.M., Seynaeve, C.M., Kriege, M., Figueroa, J., Chanock, S.J., Sherman, M.E., Hooning, M.J., Hollestelle, A., van den Ouweland, A.M.W., van Deurzen, C.H.M., Li, J., Czene, K., Humphreys, K., Cox, A., Cross, S.S., Reed, M.W.R., Shah, M., Jakubowska, A., Lubinski, J., Jaworska-Bieniek, K., Durda, K., Swerdlow, A., Ashworth, A., Orr, N., Schoemaker, M., Couch, F.J., Hallberg, E., Gonzalez-Neira, A., Pita, G., Alonso, M.R., Tessier, D.C., Vincent, D., Bacot, F., Bolla, M.K., Wang, Q., Dennis, J., Michailidou, K., Dunning, A.M., Hall, P., Easton, D., Pharoah, P., Schmidt, M.K., Tomlinson, I., Garcia-Closas, M., Network, GENICA, and Investigators, K

Subjects
body regions, skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract

Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) accounts for 10–15% of all invasive breast carcinomas. It is generally ER positive (ER+) and\ud often associated with lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). Genome-wide association studies have identified more than 70 common\ud polymorphisms that predispose to breast cancer, but these studies included predominantly ductal (IDC) carcinomas. To\ud identify novel common polymorphisms that predispose to ILC and LCIS, we pooled data from 6,023 cases (5,622 ILC, 401 pure\ud LCIS) and 34,271 controls from 36 studies genotyped using the iCOGS chip. Six novel SNPs most strongly associated with ILC/\ud LCIS in the pooled analysis were genotyped in a further 516 lobular cases (482 ILC, 36 LCIS) and 1,467 controls. These analyses\ud identified a lobular-specific SNP at 7q34 (rs11977670, OR (95%CI) for ILC = 1.13 (1.09–1.18), P = 6.0610210; P-het for ILC vs IDC\ud ER+ tumors = 1.861024\ud ). Of the 75 known breast cancer polymorphisms that were genotyped, 56 were associated with ILC and\ud 15 with LCIS at P,0.05. Two SNPs showed significantly stronger associations for ILC than LCIS (rs2981579/10q26/FGFR2, Phet\ud = 0.04 and rs889312/5q11/MAP3K1, P-het = 0.03); and two showed stronger associations for LCIS than ILC (rs6678914/1q32/\ud LGR6, P-het = 0.001 and rs1752911/6q14, P-het = 0.04). In addition, seven of the 75 known loci showed significant differences\ud between ER+ tumors with IDC and ILC histology, three of these showing stronger associations for ILC (rs11249433/1p11,\ud rs2981579/10q26/FGFR2 and rs10995190/10q21/ZNF365) and four associated only with IDC (5p12/rs10941679; rs2588809/\ud 14q24/RAD51L1, rs6472903/8q21 and rs1550623/2q31/CDCA7). In conclusion, we have identified one novel lobular breast\ud cancer specific predisposition polymorphism at 7q34, and shown for the first time that common breast cancer polymorphisms\ud predispose to LCIS. We have shown that many of the ER+ breast cancer predisposition loci also predispose to ILC, although\ud there is some heterogeneity between ER+ lobular and ER+ IDC tumors. These data provide evidence for overlapping, but\ud distinct etiological pathways within ER+ breast cancer between morphological subtypes.

Published
2014

12. Comparison of 6q25 Breast Cancer Hits from Asian and\ud European Genome Wide Association Studies in the\ud Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC)

Author

Hein, R., Maranian, M., Hopper, J.L., Kapuscinski, M.K., Southey, M.C., Park, D.J., Schmidt, M.K., Broeks, A., Hogervorst, F.B.L., Bueno-de-Mesquit, H.B., Muir, K.R., Lophatananon, A., Rattanamongkongul, S., Puttawibul, P., Fasching, P.A., Hein, A., Ekici, A.B., Beckmann, M.W., Fletcher, O., Johnson, N., Silva, I.D.S., Peto, J., Sawyer, E., Tomlinson, I., Kerin, M., Miller, N., Marmee, F., Schneeweiss, A., Sohn, C., Burwinkel, B., Guenel, P., Cordina-Duverger, E., Menegaux, F., Truong, T., Bojesen, S.E., Nordestgaard, B.G., Flyger, H., Milne, R.L., Arias Perez, J.I., Pilar Zamora, M., Benitez, J., Anton-Culver, H., Ziogas, A., Bernstein, L., Clarke, C.A., Brenner, H., Mueller, H., Arndt, V., Stegmaier, C., Rahman, N., Seal, S., Turnbull, C., Renwick, A., Meindl, A., Schott, S., Bartram, C.R., Schmutzler, R.K., Brauch, H., Hamann, U., Ko, Y-D., Wang-Gohrke, S., Doerk, T., Schuermann, P., Karstens, J.H., Hillemanns, P., Nevanlinna, H., Heikkinen, T., Aittomaki, K., Blomqvist, C., Bogdanova, N.V., Zalutsky, I.V., Antonenkova, N.N., Bermisheva, M., Prokovieva, D., Farahtdinova, A., Khusnutdinova, E., Lindblom, A., Margolin, S., Mannermaa, A., Kataja, V., Kosma, V-M., Hartikainen, J., Chen, X., Beesley, J., Lambrechts, D., Zhao, H., Neven, P., Wildiers, H., Nickels, S., Flesch-Janys, D., Radice, P., Peterlongo, P., Manoukian, S., Barile, M., Couch, F.J., Olson, J.E., Wang, X., Fredericksen, Z., Giles, G.G., Baglietto, L., McLean, C.A., Severi, G., Offit, K., Robson, M., Gaudet, M.M., Vijai, J., Alnaes, G.G., Kristensen, V., Borresen-Dale, A-L., John, E.M., Miron, A., Winqvist, R., Pylkas, K., Jukkola-Vuorinen, A., Grip, M., Andrulis, I.L., Knight, J.A., Glendon, G., Mulligan, A.M., Figueroa, J.D., Garcia-Closas, M., Lissowska, J., Sherman, M.E., Hooning, M., Martens, J.W.M., Seynaeve, C., Collee, M., Hall, P., Humpreys, K., Czene, K., Liu, J., Cox, A., Brock, I.W., Cross, S.S., Reed, M.W.R., Ahmed, S., Ghoussaini, M., Pharoah, P.D.P., Kang, D., Yoo, K-Y., Noh, D-Y., Jakubowska, A., Jaworska, K., Durda, K., Zlowocka, E., Sangrajrang, S., Gaborieau, V., Brennan, P., McKay, J., Shen, C-Y., Yu, J-C., Hsu, H-M., Hou, M-F., Orr, N., Schoemaker, M., Ashworth, A., Swerdlow, A., Trentham-Dietz, A., Newcomb, P.A., Titus, L., Egan, K.M., Chenevix-Trench, G., Antoniou, A.C., Humphreys, M.K., Morrison, J., Chang-Claude, J., Easton, D.F., Dunning, A.M., Network, GENICA, Investigators, K, and Group, AOCS

Abstract

The 6q25.1 locus was first identified via a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Chinese women and marked by single\ud nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2046210, approximately 180 Kb upstream of ESR1. There have been conflicting reports\ud about the association of this locus with breast cancer in Europeans, and a GWAS in Europeans identified a different SNP,\ud tagged here by rs12662670. We examined the associations of both SNPs in up to 61,689 cases and 58,822 controls from fortyfour\ud studies collaborating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, of which four studies were of Asian and 39 of European\ud descent. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Case-only analyses were\ud used to compare SNP effects in Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+) versus negative (ER2) tumours. Models including both SNPs\ud were fitted to investigate whether the SNP effects were independent. Both SNPs are significantly associated with breast cancer\ud risk in both ethnic groups. Per-allele ORs are higher in Asian than in European studies [rs2046210: OR (A/G) = 1.36 (95% CI 1.26–\ud 1.48), p = 7.6610214 in Asians and 1.09 (95% CI 1.07–1.11), p = 6.8610218 in Europeans. rs12662670: OR (G/T) = 1.29 (95% CI\ud 1.19–1.41), p = 1.261029 in Asians and 1.12 (95% CI 1.08–1.17), p = 3.861029 in Europeans]. SNP rs2046210 is associated with a\ud significantly greater risk of ER2 than ER+ tumours in Europeans [OR (ER2) = 1.20 (95% CI 1.15–1.25), p = 1.8610217 versus OR\ud (ER+) = 1.07 (95% CI 1.04–1.1), p = 1.361027\ud , pheterogeneity = 5.161026\ud ]. In these Asian studies, by contrast, there is no clear\ud evidence of a differential association by tumour receptor status. Each SNP is associated with risk after adjustment for the other\ud SNP. These results suggest the presence of two variants at 6q25.1 each independently associated with breast cancer risk in\ud Asians and in Europeans. Of these two, the one tagged by rs2046210 is associated with a greater risk of ER2 tumours.

Published
2012

13. 19p13.1 Is a triple-negative-specific breast cancer susceptibility locus

Author

Stevens, K.N. Fredericksen, Z. Vachon, C.M. Wang, X. Margolin, S. Lindblom, A. Nevanlinna, H. Greco, D. Aittomak̈i, K. Blomqvist, C. Chang-Claude, J. Vrieling, A. Flesch-Janys, D. Sinn, H.-P. Wang-Gohrke, S. Nickels, S. Brauch, H. Ko, Y.-D. Fischer, H.-P. Schmutzler, R.K. Meindl, A. Bartram, C.R. Schott, S. Engel, C. Godwin, A.K. Weaver, J. Pathak, H.B. Sharma, P. Brenner, H. Mul̈ler, H. Arndt, V. Stegmaier, C. Miron, P. Yannoukakos, D. Stavropoulou, A. Fountzilas, G. Gogas, H.J. Swann, R. Dwek, M. Perkins, A. Milne, R.L. Benit́ez, J. Zamora, M.P. Peŕez, J.I.A. Bojesen, S.E. Nielsen, S.F. Nordestgaard, B.G. Flyger, H. Gueńel, P. Truong, T. Menegaux, F. Cordina-Duverger, E. Burwinkel, B. Marme, F. Schneeweiss, A. Sohn, C. Sawyer, E. Tomlinson, I. Kerin, M.J. Peto, J. Johnson, N. Fletcher, O. Dos Santos Silva, I. Fasching, P.A. Beckmann, M.W. Hartmann, A. Ekici, A.B. Lophatananon, A. Muir, K. Puttawibul, P. Wiangnon, S. Schmidt, M.K. Broeks, A. Braaf, L.M. Rosenberg, E.H. Hopper, J.L. Apicella, C. Park, D.J. Southey, M.C. Swerdlow, A.J. Ashworth, A. Nicholas, O. Schoemaker, M.J. Anton-Culver, H. Ziogas, A. Bernstein, L. Dur, C.C. Shen, C.-Y. Yu, J.-C. Hsu, H.-M. Hsiung, C.-N. Hamann, U. Dun̈nebier, T. Rud̈iger, T. Ulmer, H.U. Pharoah, P.P. Dunning, A.M. Humphreys, M.K. Wang, Q. Cox, A. Cross, S.S. Reed, M.W. Hall, P. Czene, K. Ambrosone, C.B. Ademuyiwa, F. Hwang, H. Eccles, D.M. Garcia-Closas, M. Figueroa, J.D. Sherman, M.E. Lissowska, J. Devilee, P. Seynaeve, C. Tollenaar, R.A.E.M. Hooning, M.J. Andrulis, I.L. Knight, J.A. Glendon, G. Mulligan, A.M. Winqvist, R. Pylkas̈, K. Jukkola-Vuorinen, A. Grip, M. John, E.M. Miron, A. Alnsæ, G.G. Kristensen, V. Brøresen-Dale, A.-L. Giles, G.G. Baglietto, L. McLean, C.A. Severi, G. Kosel, M.L. Pankratz, V.S. Slager, S. Olson, J.E. Radice, P. Peterlongo, P. Manoukian, S. Barile, M. Lambrechts, D. Hatse, S. Dieudonne, A.-S. Christiaens, M.-R. Chenevix-Trench, G. Beesley, J. Chen, X. Mannermaa, A. Kosma, V.-M. Hartikainen, J.M. Soini, Y. Easton, D.F. Couch, F.J.

Subjects
skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract

The 19p13.1 breast cancer susceptibility locus is a modifier of breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers and is also associated with the risk of ovarian cancer. Here, we investigated 19p13.1 variation and risk of breast cancer subtypes, defined by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status, using 48,869 breast cancer cases and 49,787 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). Variants from 19p13.1 were not associated with breast cancer overall or with ER-positive breast cancer but were significantly associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk [rs8170 OR, 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-1.15; P = 3.49 × 10-5] and triple-negative (ER-, PR-, and HER2-negative) breast cancer (rs8170: OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.13-1.31; P = 2.22 × 10-7). However, rs8170 was no longer associated with ERnegative breast cancer risk when triple-negative cases were excluded (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.89-1.07; P = 0.62). In addition, a combined analysis of triple-negative cases from BCAC and the Triple Negative Breast Cancer Consortium (TNBCC; N = 3,566) identified a genome-wide significant association between rs8170 and triple-negative breast cancer risk (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.18-1.33; P=3.31×10-13]. Thus, 19p13.1 is the first triple-negative- specific breast cancer risk locus and the first locus specific to a histologic subtype defined by ER, PR, and HER2 to be identified. These findings provide convincing evidence that genetic susceptibility to breast cancer varies by tumor subtype and that triple-negative tumors and other subtypes likely arise through distinct etiologic pathways. ©2012 AACR.

Published
2012

14. Subtyping of Breast Cancer by Immunohistochemistry to\ud Investigate a Relationship between Subtype and Short\ud and Long Term Survival: A Collaborative Analysis of Data\ud for 10,159 Cases from 12 Studies

Author

Blows, F.M., Driver, K.E., Schmidt, M.K., Broeks, A., van Leeuwen, F.E., Wesseling, J., Cheang, M.C., Gelmon, K., Nielsen, T.O., Blomqvist, C., Heikkila, P., Heikkinen, T., Nevanlinna, H., Akslen, L.A., Begin, L.R., Foulkes, W.D., Couch, F.J., Wang, X., Cafourek, V., Olson, J.E., Baglietto, L., Giles, G.G., Severi, G., McLean, C.A., Southey, M.C., Rakha, E., Green, A.R., Ellis, I.O., Sherman, M.E., Lissowska, J., Anderson, W.F., Cox, A., Cross, S.S., Reed, M.W.R., Provenzano, E., Dawson, S.J., Dunning, A.M., Humphreys, M., Easton, D.F., Garcia-Closas, M., Caldas, C., Pharoah, P.D., and Huntsman, D.

Subjects
skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract

Background: Immunohistochemical markers are often used to classify breast cancer into subtypes that are biologically\ud distinct and behave differently. The aim of this study was to estimate mortality for patients with the major subtypes of\ud breast cancer as classified using five immunohistochemical markers, to investigate patterns of mortality over time, and to\ud test for heterogeneity by subtype.\ud Methods and Findings: We pooled data from more than 10,000 cases of invasive breast cancer from 12 studies that had\ud collected information on hormone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status, and at least\ud one basal marker (cytokeratin [CK]5/6 or epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR]) together with survival time data.\ud Tumours were classified as luminal and nonluminal tumours according to hormone receptor expression. These two groups\ud were further subdivided according to expression of HER2, and finally, the luminal and nonluminal HER2-negative tumours\ud were categorised according to expression of basal markers. Changes in mortality rates over time differed by subtype. In\ud women with luminal HER2-negative subtypes, mortality rates were constant over time, whereas mortality rates associated\ud with the luminal HER2-positive and nonluminal subtypes tended to peak within 5 y of diagnosis and then decline over time.\ud In the first 5 y after diagnosis the nonluminal tumours were associated with a poorer prognosis, but over longer follow-up\ud times the prognosis was poorer in the luminal subtypes, with the worst prognosis at 15 y being in the luminal HER2-positive\ud tumours. Basal marker expression distinguished the HER2-negative luminal and nonluminal tumours into different subtypes.\ud These patterns were independent of any systemic adjuvant therapy.\ud Conclusions: The six subtypes of breast cancer defined by expression of five markers show distinct behaviours with\ud important differences in short term and long term prognosis. Application of these markers in the clinical setting could have\ud the potential to improve the targeting of adjuvant chemotherapy to those most likely to benefit. The different patterns of\ud mortality over time also suggest important biological differences between the subtypes that may result in differences in\ud response to specific therapies, and that stratification of breast cancers by clinically relevant subtypes in clinical trials is\ud urgently required.

Published
2010

15. G.P.273

Author

Ravenscroft, G., primary, Todd, E.J., additional, Yau, K.S., additional, Sewry, C.A., additional, McLean, C.A., additional, Ryan, M.M., additional, Allcock, R.J., additional, and Laing, N.G., additional

Published
2014
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35. Acral lentiginous melanoma: differences in survival compared with other subtypes.

Author

Howard, M.D., Xie, C., Wee, E., Wolfe, R., McLean, C.A., Kelly, J.W., and Pan, Y.

Subjects
PROPORTIONAL hazards models
Abstract

Dear Editor, Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage, which may be due its unique presentation.[1] Studies have evaluated whether the ALM subtype is an independent prognostic factor, and shown conflicting results.[[2]] Previous reports have been limited by small numbers and lacked adjustment for confounders.[[1], [3]] Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the melanoma-specific survival (MSS) of patients with ALM with that of patients with other melanoma subtypes. ALM, acral lentiginous melanoma; NM, nodular melanoma; SSM, superficial spreading melanoma; IQR, interquartile range. Hence, in this study of a prospectively collected Australian ALM cohort, multivariable subtype survival comparisons demonstrated a significantly longer adjusted survival for patients with NM compared with ALM. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2020
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36. Cotransfection of heme oxygenase-1 prevents the acute inflammation elicited by a second adenovirus.

Author

McCarter, S.D., Scott, J.R., Lee, P.J., Zhang, X., Choi, A.M.K., McLean, C.A., Badhwar, A., Dungey, A.A., Bihari, A., Harris, K.A., and Potter, R.F.

Subjects
ADENOVIRUSES, GENE therapy, HEME oxygenase, GENE transfection, INFLAMMATION
Abstract

The acute inflammatory response elicited by adenovirus vectors results in loss of gene expression and tissue injury in the target organ. This acute inflammation is now believed to be the major limiting factor for the use of adenovirus vectors in gene therapy. While exploring the level of acute inflammation caused by the adenovirus encoding the gene for the anti-inflammatory enzyme heme oxygenase-1, we discovered that this adenovirus not only did not elicit acute inflammation, but could prevent the inflammation caused by a second adenovirus. Here we describe a new approach to gene therapy, which uses the encoding of the potent anti-inflammatory enzyme heme oxygenase-1 to prevent early host inflammatory responses normally associated with adenovirus vectors.Gene Therapy (2003) 10, 1629-1635. doi:10.1038/sj.gt.3302063 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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37. Altered glycosylation of acetylcholinesterase in APP (SW) Tg2576 transgenic mice occurs prior to amyloid plaque deposition.

Author

Fodero, L.R., Sáez-Valero, J., McLean, C.A., Martins, R.N., Beyreuther, K., and Masters, C.L.

Subjects
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE, ALZHEIMER'S disease, CEREBROSPINAL fluid
Abstract

Previous studies have shown that a minor glycoform of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is increased in Alzheimer's disease brain and cerebrospinal fluid. This glycoform can be distinguished from other AChE species by its lack of binding to concanavalin A (Con A). In this study, the temporal relationship between AChE glycosylation and Aβ deposition was examined in Tg2576 mice. There was a significant (p < 0.05) difference in AChE glycosylation in Tg2576 mice compared with age-matched background strain control mice at 4 months of age. This difference in glycosylation was also observed in 8- and 12-month-old Tg2576 mice. In contrast, Aβ plaques were only seen in the Tg2576 mice at 12 months of age, and were not detected at 4 and 8 months of age. Soluble human-sequence Aβ was detected as early as 4 months of age in the transgenic mice. The altered AChE glycosylation was due to an increase in a minor AChE isoform, which did not bind Con A, similar to that previously observed to be increased in Alzheimer's disease brain and cerebrospinal fluid. The results demonstrate that in transgenic mice altered AChE glycosylation is associated with very early events in the development of AD-like pathology. The study supports the possibility that glycosylation may also be a useful biomarker of AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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38. Sensory neuropathy as part of the cerebellar ataxia neuropathy vestibular areflexia syndrome(Video)

Author

Szmulewicz, D.J., Waterston, J.A., Halmagyi, G.M., Mossman, S., Chancellor, A.M., McLean, C.A., and Storey, E.

Abstract

The syndrome of cerebellar ataxia with bilateral vestibulopathy was delineated in 2004. Sensory neuropathy was mentioned in 3 of the 4 patients described. We aimed to characterize and estimate the frequency of neuropathy in this condition, and determine its typical MRI features.

Published
2011
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39. Altered glycosylation of acetylcholinesterase in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease

Author

Sáez-Valero, J., McLean, C.A., Small, D.H., Barquero, M.S., and Marcos, A.

Abstract

As clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is only 80%-90% accurate, there is a need to identify biochemical markers of Alzheimer's disease. Previous studies have shown an abnormality in the glycosylation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the CSF collected postmortem from patients with Alzheimer's disease. This abnormality was very specific for Alzheimer's disease, as it was not detected in other illnesses causing dementia. We report here that the glycosylation of AChE is also altered in lumbar CSF collected antemortem. The altered glycosylation was due to increased concentrations of a minor AChE isoform that does not bind to concanavalin A (Con A). Glycosylation of AChE may eventually be of diagnostic value, especially when used in combination with other CSF markers.

Published
2000

40. Viliuisk encephalomyelitis - review of the spectrum of pathological changes

Author

McLean, C.A., Vladimirtsev, V.A., Prokhorova, I.A., Goldfarb, L.G., Asher, D.M., Vladimirtsev, A.I., Alekseev, V.P., Gajdusek, D.C., and Masters, C.L.

Abstract

Viliuisk encephalomyelitis (VE) is an unique neurological disease occurring in the Iakut (Sakha) people of Siberia. Evolution of the disease follows one of three broad clinical forms: subacute, slowly progressive or chronic. Death occurs within 3 to 6 months in subacute cases and within 6 years in the slowly progressive cases. Chronic cases lack a subacute phase but show a slowly progressive dementia associated with bradykinesia, dysarthria and spastic paraparesis that stabilizes late in the disease process. In subacute and slowly progressive cases, focal necrotizing encephalomyelitis is seen at necropsy. Chronic cases show multifocal areas of lysis with a gliotic margin, predominantly within grey matter, lacking associated chronic inflammatory changes seen in the other forms of the disease. Epidemiological studies are consistent with a disease of low-grade communicability, but laboratory studies have so far failed to reveal an infectious organism. The spectrum of neuropathological changes are reviewed in this examination of 11 cases. Although the aetiology of VE remains obscure, further studies are warranted since it may represent a novel disease process.

Published
1997
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