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Cryptocarya ovoidea Munzinger & McPherson, sp. nov. (Figs 5; 6) From Cryptocarya pluricostata Kosterm., its sister species according to molecular data, C. ovoidea, sp. nov. differs in its short, sparse, whitish, cream-grey to blackish hairs, appressed toward the apex on bud and young twigs, quickly falling, versus the longer, dense, ferrugineous sublanate and subpersistent indument of C. pluricostata. As well, the secondary veins of C. ovoidea, sp. nov. remain concolorous on drying and the tertiaries are few, irregular and mostly areolate, whereas the secondaries of C. pluricostata turn obviously darker than the blade on drying, and its tertiary veins are numerous, regular and obviously oblique. Furthermore, the fruit of C. ovoidea, sp. nov. is ovoid, 22 mm long, 12 mm in diameter, smooth, and the perianth is caducous, in contrast to the fruit of C. pluricostata, which is ellipsoid, 18 mm long, 9 mm in diameter, and ribbed, and the perianth is persistent and up to 2 mm long. TYPUS. ��� New Caledonia. Aoupini��, 21��11���34.18���S, 165��18���0.91���E, 640 m, 13.X.2008, fr., J. Munzinger, L. Barrab��, F. Rigault, A. Michel, V. Apiazari 5178 (holo-, NOU [NOU049142]!). PHENOLOGY. ��� Flowers have been collected in December and fruits in October. ETYMOLOGY. ��� The specific epithet refers to the shape of the fruit. HABITAT. ��� The species is restricted to the �� for��ts denses humides de basse et moyenne altitudes sur roches volcano-s��dimentaires �� sensu Jaffr�� et al. (2012), from 300 to 540 m. DISTRIBUTION. ��� This tree is only known from the forests of Aoupini�� in the north-east of the main-island (Fig. 4). CONSERVATION STATUS. ��� The plant is known from just two trees, both in the protected area ��� R��serve de nature sauvage du massif de l���Aoupini�� ���, in the North Province. EOO cannot be calculated, while AOO is 8 km��. One of us (JM) participated in the establishment of 31 inventory plots (20 �� 20 m; DBH���5 cm) scattered over the Aoupini�� massif, from base to summit, within the framework of the NC-PIPPN network (Ibanez et al. 2014). These 31 plots included 4926 trees, of which 284 were Cryptocarya individuals, but none were identified as C. ovoidea, sp. nov. Thus, as there are fewer than 50 known mature individuals, we assign C. ovoidea, sp. nov. a preliminary status of ���Critically Endangered��� (CR) according to criterion D. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. ��� New Caledonia. Aoupini��, 21��11���34.18���S, 165��18���0.91���E, 640 m [same tree as Munzinger et al. 5178], 27.XII.2017, fl., Dabome 2 (NOU[NOU105563]); Aoupini��, Parcelle Pierric 2, 21��12���42���S, 165��17���14,8���E, 300 m, 8.IV.2014, st., Munzinger & Lowry 7216 (MPU[MPU026705]). DESCRIPTION Small tree, up to 8 m tall; diameter unknown; bark unknown; slash unknown. Terminal bud erect, acute, appressed-pubescent, hairs short, whitish, cream-grey to blackish, appressed toward the apex; young stems immediately glabrous, drying dark reddish black, older stems shallowly lenticellate in the lower leafy internodes, more densely lenticellate below the leafy portion of the stem, lenticels evident, up to 4 mm long and 1.5 mm wide, up to 0.5 mm high. Petioles slightly canaliculate (8-)10-11(-16) mm long, up to 25 mm on juvenile (Munzinger & Lowry 7216), diameter 0.7-1.1 mm., quickly glabrescent. Blades ovate-elliptic to elliptic, 6.5-11.8 �� 2.5- 4.4 cm, base acute, often slightly attenuate, apex acute, usually slightly acuminate; midrib slightly sunken adaxially, raised abaxially; mature blades discolorous, often lustrous adaxially, matte and somewhat glaucous abaxially; secondary veins (3-)4-5, tertiaries few, irregular, areolate; fine venation reticulate, raised; the secondary and higher order venation concolorous with the blade; young abaxial surfaces sparsely and minutely appressed-pubescent. Inflorescence axillary but subterminal, appearing while the branch is flushing, 9-30 mm long, axis ca. 1 mm in diameter, minutely appressed-pubescent; bracts caducous. Flowers subsessile (pedicel up to 0.5 mm), yellowish, 3.5-4 mm long, 2.5-3 mm diam.; hypanthium 1.5-2 mm long, 2.5 mm in diameter distally, minutely appressed-pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially; tepals subequal, 1.5 mm long, concave, obtuse, pubescent on both surfaces; stamens in 3 whorls, those of whorl I introrse, 1 mm long, filaments 0.5 mm, anthers 0.5 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, pubescent abaxially (more visible on dry), glabrescent adaxially, those of whorl II introrse, slightly shorter, filaments 0.3 mm, anthers 0.5 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, glabrous adaxially and abaxially, those of whorl III extrorse, 1.2 mm long, anthers ovate, 0.7 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, glabrous adaxially and abaxially; glands positioned between whorls II and III, without any apparent attachment to the base of the filaments of whorl III, subglobose, c. 0.5 mm diameter, borne on a pubescent stalk 0.15 mm long; staminodes widely triangular, 0.75 mm long �� 0.5 wide, thinly pubescent abaxially, sometimes with a tuft of hairs at summit, glabrous adaxially; gynoecium immersed in the tube, 2.7 mm long, 0.8 mm in diameter, style glabrous, the ovary gradually merging into the style with small discoid stigma. Fruit ovoid, 12 mm wide, 22 mm high, black when ripe (in vivo), calyx caducous, with a few slight longitudinal lines on drying. Cross-section colour unknown. NOTE The species looks quite similar to Cryptocarya pluricostata in the field (Fig. 7), and may have been confused with it and thus might be under-collected. After we had found the distinctive fruit of the type collection, we paid close attention to similar trees, and were confident that Munzinger & Lowry 7216, even though sterile, was the same new species. This latter collection was then sequenced (C. Gemmill pers. comm.) and confirmed to be the same taxon, with both accessions appearing in a sister position to C. pluricostata., Published as part of Munzinger, J��r��me & McPHERSON, Gordon, 2021, Novitates neocaledonicae XII: Two additional new species of Cryptocarya R. Br. from New Caledonia, pp. 151-161 in Adansonia (3) (3) 43 (13) on pages 157-160, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2021v43a13, http://zenodo.org/record/5091990, {"references":["JAFFRE T., RIGAULT F. & MUNZINGER J. 2012. - La vegetation, in BONVALLOT J., GAY J. - C. & HABERT E. (eds), Atlas de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. IRD-Congres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie, Marseille-Noumea: 77 - 80.","IBANEZ T., MUNZINGER J., DAGOSTINI G., HEQUET V., RIGAULT F., JAFFRE T. & BIRNBAUM P. 2014. - Structural and floristic characteristics of mixed rainforest in New Caledonia: New data from the New Caledonian Plant Inventory and Permanent Plot Network (NC-PIPPN). Applied Vegetation Science 17: 386 - 397. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / avsc. 12070"]}

Cryptocarya conduplicata Munzinger & McPherson, sp. nov. (Figs 1; 2) From Cryptocarya aristata, which it resembles in its typically numerous lenticels and oblate fruit, C. conduplicata, sp. nov. differs most noticeably in its leaf blades often at least partly folded longitudinally [vs blades flat], its lenticels no higher than 0.5 mm (vs 1-3 mm), and its smaller fruits (22-25 mm wide, 13-15 mm high, 10 mm thick vs 25-45 mm wide, 20-30 mm high, 20-30 mm thick); as well, its flowers are slightly smaller (tepals 1.3-1.8 mm vs 1.5-2.0 mm long, and its hypanthium distally is 1.3 mm in diameter vs 1.4-1.8 mm). TYPUS. ��� New Caledonia. Province Nord, Haute Tchamba, [c. 500 m], 21��0���23���S, 165��14���35���E, fl, 16.II.2011, J. Munzinger, P. Lowry, S. Buerki, M. Callmander, I. & D. L��tocart, C. Davidson & S. Christoph 6545 (holo-, P! [P00819240]!, iso-, MO![6642455, 6642456], MPU! [MPU091689], NOU! [NOU052192]). PHENOLOGY. ��� Flowers have been collected in November, December, and February; fruits are known from October to March (black = ripe in November, March). The flowers are noted as very fragrant (MacKee 26524). ETYMOLOGY. ��� The specific epithet refers to the often somewhat folded leaves. HABITAT. ��� The species grows in �� for��ts denses humides de basse et moyenne altitudes sur roches volcano-s��dimentaires �� sensu Jaffr�� et al. (2012), at 10-950 m. DISTRIBUTION. ��� The species grows on the east side of the main island ���Grande Terre���; the southernmost locality is Nakada, and the northernmost is Mandj��lia (Fig. 3). CONSERVATION STATUS. ��� The plant is known from fourteen subpopulations, three of them in protected areas: ��� R��serve de nature sauvage du massif de l���Aoupini�� ��� and ��� R��serve de nature sauvage du mont Pani�� ��� in the North Province, and ��� Parc des Grandes Foug��res ��� in the South Province. The calculated EOO is 3715 km 2 and the AOO is 68 km 2. Although some subpopulations may be threatened by bushfires and/or introduced browsers, we assign Cryptocarya conduplicata, sp. nov. a preliminary status of Least Concern (LC). VERNACULAR NAME. ��� Ch��ne gris (Sarlin 282). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. ��� New Caledonia. Province Nord, Diahou��, 750 m, 20��27���39.5���S, 164��40���37.58���E, fr., 14.III.2014, Butin 87 (NOU[NOU083731]); Bwe Salada, Pou��bo, 580 m, 20��21���41���S, 164��31���39���E, 27.VII.2019, green fr., Fleurot 607 (MPU[MPU312701], NOU[NOU090493, NOU106704 (alc.)]); Hiengh��ne, [20��41���29���S, 164��56���27���E], st., sin. dat. [1973], Gaillard 72 (P[P02116863]); Pon��rihouen, Mont Aoupini��, 700 m, [21��10���45���S, 165��18���11���E], st, 7.IV.1981, MacKee 38927 (NOU[NOU016196], P[P02032987]); Pon��rihouen, Mont Aoupini��, 700 m, [21��10���45���S, 165��18���11���E], st, 18.VIII.1981, MacKee 39466 (NOU[NOU016195], P[P02003051]); Mont Aoupini��, 500 m, [21��9���24���S, 165��19���0���E], fr., 7.X.1982, MacKee (leg. J.-F. Cherrier) 40861 (NOU[NOU016193]); Mont Colnett, forested eastern slopes, 800-925 m, 20��30���13���S, 164��42���52���E, green fr., 1.XI.2003, McPherson 19131 (MO[MO-398160], P[P02033187]); Parcelle Dawenia 1, 608 m, 20��32���26���S, 164��40���41���E, fl, 12.XI.2010, Munzinger 6263 (NOU[NOU063442], P[P06837396]); La Guen, chemin vers le plateau, parcelle 5, 700 m, [20��37���27���S, 164��46���56���E], fl, 25.XI.2010, Munzinger et al. 6481 (NOU[NOU063661], P[P06801581, P06801582]); Tchamba, 426 m, 21��0���17���S, 165��15���0���E, fl, 15.II.2011, Munzinger et al. 6534 (NOU[NOU063676], P[P00819221, P06801580]); Tchamba, 410 m, 21��0���19���S, 165��14���17���E, st, 3.X.2009, Munzinger et al. 5872 (NOU[NOU051491], WAIK); Tchamba, 500 m, 21��0���25���S, 165��14���35���E, fr, 3.X.2009, Munzinger et al. 5874 (G, MO, NSW, NOU[NOU051483, NOU054786], P[P01962723], WAIK); Tchamba, 420 m, 21��0���19���S, 165��14���57���E, st, 3.X.2009, Munzinger et al. 5882 (NOU[NOU054591], P[P00806963]); Mandj��lia, 650 m, 20��24���7���S, 164��31���21���E, fr, 25.XI.2019, Munzinger et al. 8101 (MPU[MPU312601], P[P00864945]); Chutes de Tao, c. 10 m, [20��33���51���S, 164��48���10���E], fl, 14.XII.1965, Veillon 553 (MPU[MPU091624], NOU[NOU016369], P[P02006307]). ��� Province Sud, Col d���Amieu, M�� Ongu��, 600 m, [21��36���56���S, 165��48���11���E], fl, 10.IV.1973, MacKee 26524 (MPU[MPU091634], NOU[NOU016191], P[P01961826]); Mt Nakada, c. 600 m, [21��38���47���S, 166��2���45���E], fr, 13.XI.1979, Veillon 4230 (NOU[NOU016484], P[P00555340]); Col d���Amieu, [21��36���41���S, 165��48���36���E], st, XII, Sarlin 282 (P[P05469250]). ��� Sin. loc., 186X [1876/1877], L��card 162 (P[P01979814]). DESCRIPTION Tree (2-) 5-30 m; diameter 20-55 cm; bark brown to pale grey, nearly smooth to somewhat rough, slightly aromatic, slash reddish (Fig. 2A). Terminal bud acute, appressed-pubescent with straight hairs; young stems densely pubescent with appressed, sub-persistent, straight hairs, soon roughened by the emerging lenticels; older stems abundantly lenticellate, the lenticels usually 1-3 mm long and 0.5-1 mm wide, up to 0.5 mm high. Petioles 7-15(-20) mm long, diameter 1-1.5 mm, appressed-pubescent while young, glabrescent. Blade ovate to elliptic, occasionally flat but mostly folded lengthwise at least in part (i.e. conduplicate) and drying folded or twisted, sometimes only near the apex, new leaves often appearing with the flowers, 3.5-8.8 cm long 1.7-5.1 cm wide, base broadly acute to obtuse, slightly attenuate, apex rounded or more usually slightly acuminate, the acumen typically 3-5 mm long; mature blades somewhat discolorous, often lustrous adaxially, matte and occasionally somewhat glaucous abaxially; venation pinnate, the veins 3-6(-7) per side ascending, the loops rising to within 2-3 mm of the margin; midrib flush adaxially near base, slightly sunken distally, the secondary veins visible but scarcely raised, midrib somewhat raised abaxially, the secondaries and minor veins slightly raised; young blades pubescent with minute, appressed hairs, especially abaxially, mature blades sparsely pubescent abaxially to glabrous. Inflorescences axillary, up to 3.5 cm long, branching from or near the base, few-flowered, the axis c. 0.8 mm in diameter, pubescent with appressed to sub-ascending hairs; bracts and bracteoles minute, pubescent, deciduous; lateral flowers subsessile, central flowers obscurely pedicellate, the pedicel c. 0.5 mm long, appressed-pubescent.Flowers green-white, 2.5- 2.8 mm long, c. 2 mm in diameter when tepals erect, 4 mm when tepals spread; hypanthium 1.5 mm long, c. 1.3 mm in diameter distally, pubescent abaxially with appressed straight or slightly bent hairs, pubescent inside with long hairs toward the apex; tepals subequal, 1.3-1.8 mm �� 0.6-0.8 mm, concave, ovate, apex acute to rounded, pubescent on both sides with appressed straight or slightly bent hairs; stamens in 3 whorls, those of whorls I and II introrse, those of whorl III lateral-extrorse, c. 1 mm long, filaments 0.4 mm, pubescent, anthers ovate, 0.6 mm, sparsely pubescent abaxially, connectives slightly prolonged beyond the sporangia, tip acute to rounded, glands attached to the base of the filaments of whorl III, subglobose, 0.4 mm in diameter, borne on a pubescent stalk 0.3 mm long, the staminodes triangular-ovate, flattened, long-acuminate, 0.5 mm long, subglabrous adaxially, densely pubescent abaxially, sessile; gynoecium immersed in the hypanthium, 2.8 mm long, glabrous, the ovary gradually merging into the style with small discoid stigma. Fruit oblate-compressed, 22-25 mm wide, 13-15 mm long, 10 mm thick, black at maturity, essentially smooth, purple in cross-section. NOTE The species was first collected nearly a century and a half ago (a depauperate specimen, L��card 162, dates from 1876/1877) and adequate flowering material has been available since 1965 (Veillon 553). The illustrator of the treatment in the Flore, R. Fouilloy, who was acknowledged by Kostermans for his ���useful additional morphological observations���, apparently noticed that Veillon���s specimen was different from the others, as he made a complete drawing of a dissected flower (see P02006307). However, in 1976 Fouilloy finally identified the specimen as C. odorata, even though his drawing reveals some obvious differences when compared to the plate of C. odorata provided in the Flore (Kostermans 1974); plate 9, page 49). Specimens of C. conduplicata, sp. nov. and C. aristata in the herbarium can seem quite similar, and molecular data indicate that the plants are closely related (C. Gemmill pers. comm.), but field observations, in addition to the morphological differences outlined in the diagnosis, confirm that the two entities are distinct, C. aristata tending to have uniformly erect leaves, while C. conduplicata, sp. nov. typically bears leaves diverging at wider angles. The two species can grow side by side (Fig. 4), but C. conduplicata, sp. nov. is restricted to non-ultramafic substrates, while C. aristata can be found on both ultramafic and nonultramafic substrates. This species was cited as [Cryptocarya sp. ��� aff. aristata ��� (Munzinger 5874)] in (Munzinger 2013; Munzinger et al. 2018)., Published as part of Munzinger, J��r��me & McPHERSON, Gordon, 2021, Novitates neocaledonicae XII: Two additional new species of Cryptocarya R. Br. from New Caledonia, pp. 151-161 in Adansonia (3) (3) 43 (13) on pages 152-157, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2021v43a13, http://zenodo.org/record/5091990, {"references":["IBANEZ T., MUNZINGER J., DAGOSTINI G., HEQUET V., RIGAULT F., JAFFRE T. & BIRNBAUM P. 2014. - Structural and floristic characteristics of mixed rainforest in New Caledonia: New data from the New Caledonian Plant Inventory and Permanent Plot Network (NC-PIPPN). Applied Vegetation Science 17: 386 - 397. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / avsc. 12070","MUNZINGER J. 2013. - Inventaire botanique du massif du Panie et des roches de la Ouaieme, Province Nord, Nouvelle-Caledonie, in TRON F., FRANQUET R., LARSEN T. H., & CASSAN J. - J. (eds), Evaluation rapide de la biodiversite du massif du Panie et des Roches de la Ouaieme, province Nord, Nouvelle-Caledonie. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, United States: 45 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1896 / 054.065.0111","MUNZINGER J., PIGNAL M. & BRUY D. 2018. - Flore & vegetation du Katalupaik, in PASCAL O. (ed.), La Planete revisitee, Nouvelle- Caledonie 2016 - 18, Volet \" Foret \" 2017 en province Nord, Rapport d'etape N ° 1. ProNatura / Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris: 6 - 16.","JAFFRE T., RIGAULT F. & MUNZINGER J. 2012. - La vegetation, in BONVALLOT J., GAY J. - C. & HABERT E. (eds), Atlas de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. IRD-Congres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie, Marseille-Noumea: 77 - 80.","KOSTERMANS A. 1974. - Lauracees, in AUBREVILLE A. & LEROY J. - F. (eds), Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris: 1 - 120."]}

Cryptocarya conduplicata Munzinger & McPherson, sp. nov. (Figs 1; 2) From Cryptocarya aristata, which it resembles in its typically numerous lenticels and oblate fruit, C. conduplicata, sp. nov. differs most noticeably in its leaf blades often at least partly folded longitudinally [vs blades flat], its lenticels no higher than 0.5 mm (vs 1-3 mm), and its smaller fruits (22-25 mm wide, 13-15 mm high, 10 mm thick vs 25-45 mm wide, 20-30 mm high, 20-30 mm thick); as well, its flowers are slightly smaller (tepals 1.3-1.8 mm vs 1.5-2.0 mm long, and its hypanthium distally is 1.3 mm in diameter vs 1.4-1.8 mm). TYPUS. — New Caledonia. Province Nord, Haute Tchamba, [c. 500 m], 21°0’23”S, 165°14’35”E, fl, 16.II.2011, J. Munzinger, P. Lowry, S. Buerki, M. Callmander, I. & D. Létocart, C. Davidson & S. Christoph 6545 (holo-, P! [P00819240]!, iso-, MO![6642455, 6642456], MPU! [MPU091689], NOU! [NOU052192]). PHENOLOGY. — Flowers have been collected in November, December, and February; fruits are known from October to March (black = ripe in November, March). The flowers are noted as very fragrant (MacKee 26524). ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the often somewhat folded leaves. HABITAT. — The species grows in « forêts denses humides de basse et moyenne altitudes sur roches volcano-sédimentaires » sensu Jaffré et al. (2012), at 10-950 m. DISTRIBUTION. — The species grows on the east side of the main island “Grande Terre”; the southernmost locality is Nakada, and the northernmost is Mandjélia (Fig. 3). CONSERVATION STATUS. — The plant is known from fourteen subpopulations, three of them in protected areas: “ Réserve de nature sauvage du massif de l’Aoupinié ” and “ Réserve de nature sauvage du mont Panié ” in the North Province, and “ Parc des Grandes Fougères ” in the South Province. The calculated EOO is 3715 km 2 and the AOO is 68 km 2. Although some subpopulations may be threatened by bushfires and/or introduced browsers, we assign Cryptocarya conduplicata, sp. nov. a preliminary status of Least Concern (LC). VERNACULAR NAME. — Chêne gris (Sarlin 282). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — New Caledonia. Province Nord, Diahoué, 750 m, 20°27’39.5”S, 164°40’37.58”E, fr., 14.III.2014, Butin 87 (NOU[NOU083731]); Bwe Salada, Pouébo, 580 m, 20°21’41”S, 164°31’39”E, 27.VII.2019, green fr., Fleurot 607 (MPU[MPU312701], NOU[NOU090493, NOU106704 (alc.)]); Hienghène, [20°41’29”S, 164°56’27”E], st., sin. dat. [1973], Gaillard 72 (P[P02116863]); Ponérihouen, Mont Aoupinié, 700 m, [21°10’45”S, 165°18’11”E], st, 7.IV.1981, MacKee 38927 (NOU[NOU016196], P[P02032987]); Ponérihouen, Mont Aoupinié, 700 m, [21°10’45”S, 165°18’11”E], st, 18.VIII.1981, MacKee 39466 (NOU[NOU016195], P[P02003051]); Mont Aoupinié, 500 m, [21°9’24”S, 165°19’0”E], fr., 7.X.1982, MacKee (leg. J.-F. Cherrier) 40861 (NOU[NOU016193]); Mont Colnett, forested eastern slopes, 800-925 m, 20°30’13”S, 164°42’52”E, green fr., 1.XI.2003, McPherson 19131 (MO[MO-398160], P[P02033187]); Parcelle Dawenia 1, 608 m, 20°32’26”S, 164°40’41”E, fl, 12.XI.2010, Munzinger 6263 (NOU[NOU063442], P[P06837396]); La Guen, chemin vers le plateau, parcelle 5, 700 m, [20°37’27”S, 164°46’56”E], fl, 25.XI.2010, Munzinger et al. 6481 (NOU[NOU063661], P[P06801581, P06801582]); Tchamba, 426 m, 21°0’17”S, 165°15’0”E, fl, 15.II.2011, Munzinger et al. 6534 (NOU[NOU063676], P[P00819221, P06801580]); Tchamba, 410 m, 21°0’19”S, 165°14’17”E, st, 3.X.2009, Munzinger et al. 5872 (NOU[NOU051491], WAIK); Tchamba, 500 m, 21°0’25”S, 165°14’35”E, fr, 3.X.2009, Munzinger et al. 5874 (G, MO, NSW, NOU[NOU051483, NOU054786], P[P01962723], WAIK); Tchamba, 420 m, 21°0’19”S, 165°14’57”E, st, 3.X.2009, Munzinger et al. 5882 (NOU[NOU054591], P[P00806963]); Mandjélia, 650 m, 20°24’7”S, 164°31’21”E, fr, 25.XI.2019, Munzinger et al. 8101 (MPU[MPU312601], P[P00864945]); Chutes de Tao, c. 10 m, [20°33’51”S, 164°48’10”E], fl, 14.XII.1965, Veillon 553 (MPU[MPU091624], NOU[NOU016369], P[P02006307]). — Province Sud, Col d’Amieu, Mé Ongué, 600 m, [21°36’56”S, 165°48’11”E], fl, 10.IV.1973, MacKee 26524 (MPU[MPU091634], NOU[NOU016191], P[P01961826]); Mt Nakada, c. 600 m, [21°38’47”S, 166°2’45”E], fr, 13.XI.1979, Veillon 4230 (NOU[NOU016484], P[P00555340]); Col d’Amieu, [21°36’41”S, 165°48’36”E], st, XII, Sarlin 282 (P[P05469250]). — Sin. loc., 186X [1876/1877], Lécard 162 (P[P01979814]). DESCRIPTION Tree (2-) 5-30 m; diameter 20-55 cm; bark brown to pale grey, nearly smooth to somewhat rough, slightly aromatic, slash reddish (Fig. 2A). Terminal bud acute, appressed-pubescent with straight hairs; young stems densely pubescent with appressed, sub-persistent, straight hairs, soon roughened by the emerging lenticels; older stems abundantly lenticellate, the lenticels usually 1-3 mm long and 0.5-1 mm wide, up to 0.5 mm high. Petioles 7-15(-20) mm long, diameter 1-1.5 mm, appressed-pubescent while young, glabrescent. Blade ovate to elliptic, occasionally flat but mostly folded lengthwise at least in part (i.e. conduplicate) and drying folded or twisted, sometimes only near the apex, new leaves often appearing with the flowers, 3.5-8.8 cm long 1.7-5.1 cm wide, base broadly acute to obtuse, slightly attenuate, apex rounded or more usually slightly acuminate, the acumen typically 3-5 mm long; mature blades somewhat discolorous, often lustrous adaxially, matte and occasionally somewhat glaucous abaxially; venation pinnate, the veins 3-6(-7) per side ascending, the loops rising to within 2-3 mm of the margin; midrib flush adaxially near base, slightly sunken distally, the secondary veins visible but scarcely raised, midrib somewhat raised abaxially, the secondaries and minor veins slightly raised; young blades pubescent with minute, appressed hairs, especially abaxially, mature blades sparsely pubescent abaxially to glabrous. Inflorescences axillary, up to 3.5 cm long, branching from or near the base, few-flowered, the axis c. 0.8 mm in diameter, pubescent with appressed to sub-ascending hairs; bracts and bracteoles minute, pubescent, deciduous; lateral flowers subsessile, central flowers obscurely pedicellate, the pedicel c. 0.5 mm long, appressed-pubescent.Flowers green-white, 2.5- 2.8 mm long, c. 2 mm in diameter when tepals erect, 4 mm when tepals spread; hypanthium 1.5 mm long, c. 1.3 mm in diameter distally, pubescent abaxially with appressed straight or slightly bent hairs, pubescent inside with long hairs toward the apex; tepals subequal, 1.3-1.8 mm × 0.6-0.8 mm, concave, ovate, apex acute to rounded, pubescent on both sides with appressed straight or slightly bent hairs; stamens in 3 whorls, those of whorls I and II introrse, those of whorl III lateral-extrorse, c. 1 mm long, filaments 0.4 mm, pubescent, anthers ovate, 0.6 mm, sparsely pubescent abaxially, connectives slightly prolonged beyond the sporangia, tip acute to rounded, glands attached to the base of the filaments of whorl III, subglobose, 0.4 mm in diameter, borne on a pubescent stalk 0.3 mm long, the staminodes triangular-ovate, flattened, long-acuminate, 0.5 mm long, subglabrous adaxially, densely pubescent abaxially, sessile; gynoecium immersed in the hypanthium, 2.8 mm long, glabrous, the ovary gradually merging into the style with small discoid stigma. Fruit oblate-compressed, 22-25 mm wide, 13-15 mm long, 10 mm thick, black at maturity, essentially smooth, purple in cross-section. NOTE The species was first collected nearly a century and a half ago (a depauperate specimen, Lécard 162, dates from 1876/1877) and adequate flowering material has been available since 1965 (Veillon 553). The illustrator of the treatment in the Flore, R. Fouilloy, who was acknowledged by Kostermans for his “useful additional morphological observations”, apparently noticed that Veillon’s specimen was different from the others, as he made a complete drawing of a dissected flower (see P02006307). However, in 1976 Fouilloy finally identified the specimen as C. odorata, even though his drawing reveals some obvious differences when compared to the plate of C. odorata provided in the Flore (Kostermans 1974); plate 9, page 49). Specimens of C. conduplicata, sp. nov. and C. aristata in the herbarium can seem quite similar, and molecular data indicate that the plants are closely related (C. Gemmill pers. comm.), but field observations, in addition to the morphological differences outlined in the diagnosis, confirm that the two entities are distinct, C. aristata tending to have uniformly erect leaves, while C. conduplicata, sp. nov. typically bears leaves diverging at wider angles. The two species can grow side by side (Fig. 4), but C. conduplicata, sp. nov. is restricted to non-ultramafic substrates, while C. aristata can be found on both ultramafic and nonultramafic substrates. This species was cited as [Cryptocarya sp. “ aff. aristata ” (Munzinger 5874)] in (Munzinger 2013; Munzinger et al. 2018).

Cryptocarya ovoidea Munzinger & McPherson, sp. nov. (Figs 5; 6) From Cryptocarya pluricostata Kosterm., its sister species according to molecular data, C. ovoidea, sp. nov. differs in its short, sparse, whitish, cream-grey to blackish hairs, appressed toward the apex on bud and young twigs, quickly falling, versus the longer, dense, ferrugineous sublanate and subpersistent indument of C. pluricostata. As well, the secondary veins of C. ovoidea, sp. nov. remain concolorous on drying and the tertiaries are few, irregular and mostly areolate, whereas the secondaries of C. pluricostata turn obviously darker than the blade on drying, and its tertiary veins are numerous, regular and obviously oblique. Furthermore, the fruit of C. ovoidea, sp. nov. is ovoid, 22 mm long, 12 mm in diameter, smooth, and the perianth is caducous, in contrast to the fruit of C. pluricostata, which is ellipsoid, 18 mm long, 9 mm in diameter, and ribbed, and the perianth is persistent and up to 2 mm long. TYPUS. — New Caledonia. Aoupinié, 21°11’34.18”S, 165°18’0.91”E, 640 m, 13.X.2008, fr., J. Munzinger, L. Barrabé, F. Rigault, A. Michel, V. Apiazari 5178 (holo-, NOU [NOU049142]!). PHENOLOGY. — Flowers have been collected in December and fruits in October. ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the shape of the fruit. HABITAT. — The species is restricted to the « forêts denses humides de basse et moyenne altitudes sur roches volcano-sédimentaires » sensu Jaffré et al. (2012), from 300 to 540 m. DISTRIBUTION. — This tree is only known from the forests of Aoupinié in the north-east of the main-island (Fig. 4). CONSERVATION STATUS. — The plant is known from just two trees, both in the protected area “ Réserve de nature sauvage du massif de l’Aoupinié ”, in the North Province. EOO cannot be calculated, while AOO is 8 km². One of us (JM) participated in the establishment of 31 inventory plots (20 × 20 m; DBH≥5 cm) scattered over the Aoupinié massif, from base to summit, within the framework of the NC-PIPPN network (Ibanez et al. 2014). These 31 plots included 4926 trees, of which 284 were Cryptocarya individuals, but none were identified as C. ovoidea, sp. nov. Thus, as there are fewer than 50 known mature individuals, we assign C. ovoidea, sp. nov. a preliminary status of “Critically Endangered” (CR) according to criterion D. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — New Caledonia. Aoupinié, 21°11’34.18”S, 165°18’0.91”E, 640 m [same tree as Munzinger et al. 5178], 27.XII.2017, fl., Dabome 2 (NOU[NOU105563]); Aoupinié, Parcelle Pierric 2, 21°12’42”S, 165°17’14,8”E, 300 m, 8.IV.2014, st., Munzinger & Lowry 7216 (MPU[MPU026705]). DESCRIPTION Small tree, up to 8 m tall; diameter unknown; bark unknown; slash unknown. Terminal bud erect, acute, appressed-pubescent, hairs short, whitish, cream-grey to blackish, appressed toward the apex; young stems immediately glabrous, drying dark reddish black, older stems shallowly lenticellate in the lower leafy internodes, more densely lenticellate below the leafy portion of the stem, lenticels evident, up to 4 mm long and 1.5 mm wide, up to 0.5 mm high. Petioles slightly canaliculate (8-)10-11(-16) mm long, up to 25 mm on juvenile (Munzinger & Lowry 7216), diameter 0.7-1.1 mm., quickly glabrescent. Blades ovate-elliptic to elliptic, 6.5-11.8 × 2.5- 4.4 cm, base acute, often slightly attenuate, apex acute, usually slightly acuminate; midrib slightly sunken adaxially, raised abaxially; mature blades discolorous, often lustrous adaxially, matte and somewhat glaucous abaxially; secondary veins (3-)4-5, tertiaries few, irregular, areolate; fine venation reticulate, raised; the secondary and higher order venation concolorous with the blade; young abaxial surfaces sparsely and minutely appressed-pubescent. Inflorescence axillary but subterminal, appearing while the branch is flushing, 9-30 mm long, axis ca. 1 mm in diameter, minutely appressed-pubescent; bracts caducous. Flowers subsessile (pedicel up to 0.5 mm), yellowish, 3.5-4 mm long, 2.5-3 mm diam.; hypanthium 1.5-2 mm long, 2.5 mm in diameter distally, minutely appressed-pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially; tepals subequal, 1.5 mm long, concave, obtuse, pubescent on both surfaces; stamens in 3 whorls, those of whorl I introrse, 1 mm long, filaments 0.5 mm, anthers 0.5 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, pubescent abaxially (more visible on dry), glabrescent adaxially, those of whorl II introrse, slightly shorter, filaments 0.3 mm, anthers 0.5 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, glabrous adaxially and abaxially, those of whorl III extrorse, 1.2 mm long, anthers ovate, 0.7 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, glabrous adaxially and abaxially; glands positioned between whorls II and III, without any apparent attachment to the base of the filaments of whorl III, subglobose, c. 0.5 mm diameter, borne on a pubescent stalk 0.15 mm long; staminodes widely triangular, 0.75 mm long × 0.5 wide, thinly pubescent abaxially, sometimes with a tuft of hairs at summit, glabrous adaxially; gynoecium immersed in the tube, 2.7 mm long, 0.8 mm in diameter, style glabrous, the ovary gradually merging into the style with small discoid stigma. Fruit ovoid, 12 mm wide, 22 mm high, black when ripe (in vivo), calyx caducous, with a few slight longitudinal lines on drying. Cross-section colour unknown. NOTE The species looks quite similar to Cryptocarya pluricostata in the field (Fig. 7), and may have been confused with it and thus might be under-collected. After we had found the distinctive fruit of the type collection, we paid close attention to similar trees, and were confident that Munzinger & Lowry 7216, even though sterile, was the same new species. This latter collection was then sequenced (C. Gemmill pers. comm.) and confirmed to be the same taxon, with both accessions appearing in a sister position to C. pluricostata.

The protologue of Litsea mackeei states that its holotype is at P. However, two specimens bearing the type number appear to exist at P, the second specimen belonging to a species different from the first and bearing as well a label with a different collection number. Fortunately, a clear indication of which plant Kostermans was describing is provided by his handwritten annotation of the isotype at L. A lectotype is therefore chosen, the name is synonymized with Osmanthus austrocaledonicus var. austrocaledonicus and the origin of this unlikely error is discussed.

Cryptocarya adpressa Munzinger & McPherson, sp. nov. (Figs 1; 2) TYPUS. — New Caledonia. Province Nord, Mandjélia, 860 m, fl., 1.X.2009, 20°23'48''S, 164°31'55''E, Munzinger et al. 5832 (holo-, P [P02433555]!; iso-, MO [MO-2849665]!, MPU [MPU026702]!, NOU [NOU051487]!). DIAGNOSIS. — The new species resembles several other New Caledonian Cryptocarya species (C. leptospermoides, C. gracilis, C. chartacea Kosterm., C. mackeei Kosterm., C. schmidii Kosterm.) in having relatively small leaves (up to 7 × 4 cm) with pinnate venation, but can be most easily distinguished from them by its persistent and strongly appressed indument on the inflorescences (vs inflorescences glabrous or rapidly glabrate in C. mackeei and C. schmidii), its short (up to 3.6 cm) inflorescences and unraised lenticels (vs inflorescences 5-10 cm and lenticels prominent in C. chartacea), and by its relatively long flowers (2.5-3.5 mm) (vs 2.0- 2.5 mm in C. leptospermoides and C. gracilis). PHENOLOGY. — Flowers in April, May, October, November. Fruits in March, July, August, September, November, December. ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the tightly appressed indument, very distinctive within New Caledonian Cryptocarya species. H ABITAT. — The tree is restricted to the "forêts denses humides de basse et moyenne altitudes sur roches volcano-sédimentaires" sensu Jaffré et al. (2012), from 500 to 1000 m. DISTRIBUTION. — This tree is known from the forests of the Mont Koghis region in the south to the Tendé basin in the north-east; it apparently does not occur on ultramafic substrates (Fig. 2). CONSERVATION STATUS. — The plant appears to be quite common in dense humid forest. It occurs in the Aoupinié and Panié protected areas in the North Province, as well as in Parc des Grandes Fougères, and Thy in the South Province. The calculated EOO is 3067 km 2 and the AOO is 153 km 2, but there is no special threat identified against this species. We assign Cryptocarya adpressa, sp. nov., a preliminary status of Least Concern (LC). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Nord de la Conception, vers 600 m, fr., IV.1970, Balansa 2901 (P [P01963127, P01963128, P01963129]); Monte Colnett, 500-950 m, fl., 19.IV.1968, Bernardi 12781 (P [P01979772]); Australian Camp, La Foa, Forest, 800 m, fr., 29.XI.1949, Mac'Daniels 2347 (P [P01979770]); près Chapeau de Gendarme: Crête au N La Conception, Forêt humide, 550 m, fr., 31.III.1966, MacKee 14629 (P [P01979768, P02116872], MO [MO-2849667]); Pouébo: Expl. For. Frouin, Pente E Mt. Mandjélia, Forêt humide, 600 m, fr., 12.XII.1968, MacKee 20009 (BM, G, K, L, MO [MO-2849666], MPU, NOU [NOU016291], NSW, P [P01979775]); Farino: Expl. For. Germain, Forêt Mépéou, Forêt humide, 500 m, fr., 25.XII.1969, MacKee 21378 (MO [MO-2849668], NOU [NOU016293], P [P01979769]); Pouébo: Crête entre Mandjélia / Tiebo, Forêt humide, 750 m, fr., 19.IX.1973, MacKee 27385 (MO [MO-2849669], NOU [NOU016294], P [P01963131]); Haute Diahot: Tendé, Forêt humide, 600 m, fl., 16. V.1981, MacKee 39053 (MO [MO-2849670], NOU [NOU016499], P [P02003045]); Mont Colnett, 1000 m, fl., 29.X.2003, 20°30'0''S, 164°42'52''E, McPherson et al. 19024 (MO [MO-2849663), NOU [NOU004324], P [P02033422]); Mandjélia, Forested slopes, 700 m, fr., 18.VIII.1981, McPherson 4072 (NOU [NOU016280], P [P01991732]); Mandjélia, Forested slopes, 650 m, fr., 1.VIII.1982, McPherson 4762 (MO [MO-2849662], NOU [NOU016298]); Plateau de Dogny, entrée de la forêt vers la cascade, 930 m, fl., 19.XI.2007, 21°36'50''S, 165°52'49''E, Munzinger et al. 4849 (G, MO [MO-2849671], NOU [NOU030688], NSW, P [P02033421]); Roches de la Ouaième, Panié, Forêt, 947 m, fr., 4.XI.2010, 20°38'29.9''S, 164°51'38.5''E, Munzinger et al. 6160 (NOU [NOU063337], P]; La Guen, Forêt, 785 m, fr., 21.XI.2010, 20°37'0.384''S, 164°46'52.7''E, Munzinger et al. 6419 (CANB, NOU [NOU063599], P); Hauts de Robinson, prop. Lavoix, 560 m, fl., 11.XI.2015, 22°11'23.06''S, 166°31'8.60''E, Munzinger et al. 7398 (CNS, MO, MPU, NOU, P [P02439900]); Col d'Amieu, fr., Sarlin 283 [P01979773]; Col d'Amieu, Forêt, 700 m, bt.fl., 30.X.1972, Schmid 4225 (NOU [NOU016290]); Ouégoa, bassin de la Tendé, Forêt dense et humide en sous-bois, fr., 31.VII.1973, Veillon 3000 (NOU [NOU016304], P [P00555346]). DESCRIPTION Tree 6- 25 m. Diameter 15-20 cm. Bark brown, somewhat rough to nearly smooth. Twigs somewhat flattened, densely puberulous at first with minute, tightly appressed, essentially straight hairs, soon glabrescent, wrinkled and shallowly ridged at first, becoming smoother in the lower leaf-bearing region, lenticels not prominent; terminal buds densely appressed puberulent. Leaves alternate, blades elliptic to slightly ovate, 2.6-7.0 × 1.1-4.0 cm; base acute to broadly acute, subcuneate to somewhat attenuate-decurrent into the petiole; apex rounded to shortly acuminate and obtuse; margin not or only slightly thickened, typically flush; texture coriaceous; adaxial surface typically glossy, glabrous except near the base while immature, abaxial surface dull, typically glaucous at least when young, glabrous except near the base and on the midrib while immature; lateral veins (4-)6-9 on each side, uniformly pinnate, flush on both surfaces or slightly raised adaxially, lower venation obscure or very finely reticulate on both surfaces; petioles 4-7 × c. 2 mm, flat adaxially. Inflorescences axillary or appearing terminal, 1.2-3.6 cm long, paniculate, densely appressed puberulent; peduncle 3-22 mm long, 1 mm wide; bracts up to 5 mm long, bracteoles up to 1 mm long, acute, caducous; pedicels (uppermost bracteoles to hypanthium base) of at least the central flower of each dichasium 0.5-1.0(-2.0) mm long, those of the lateral flowers often shorter. Flowers yellow-green to green, 2.5-3.5 mm long, 2-3 mm in diameter at anthesis, externally appressed puberulent, the tube 1-1.5 mm long, the tepals 1.5-2.3 mm long, erect to slightly spreading at anthesis, subequal, ovate, pubescent adaxially as well; stamens 9, all 2-celled, pubescent, c. 1.5 mm long, the filaments about as long as the anther cells, the connectives prolonged beyond the anther cells; stamens shorter than the tepals and hidden behind them; paired glands at the bases of the inner three stamens globose, c. 0.4 mm in diameter; staminodia c. 0.6 mm long, ovate; pistil glabrous, c. 2 mm long, the style not exerted; receptacle cylindric, pubescent at the rim, otherwise glabrous. Fruits spherical or somewhat flattened, 2.0- 2.5 cm in diameter × 2.0- 2.1 cm high (dried), reddish to black at maturity, the pericarp 1.5- 2 mm thick (dried), the embryo golden yellow to orange in cross-section. NOTE Cited as [Cryptocarya sp. "glauque" (Munzinger 5832)] in Munzinger (2013). Most of the collections identified by Kostermans (1974) as Cryptocarya leptospermoides Kosterm. belong to this new species.

Cryptocarya barrabeae Munzinger & McPherson, sp. nov. (Fig 3; 4) TYPUS. — New Caledonia. Province Sud, Col d’Amieu, fl., 11.II.2005, Barrabé, Pillon, D., I. & C. Létocart 280 (holo-, P [P01963123!]; iso-, MO [MO-2849659!], NOU [NOU004589!], P [P01963124!]). DIAGNOSIS. — Among New Caledonian species of Cryptocarya, the new species most closely resembles C. pluricostata in having relatively large leaves (blades mostly> 7.5 cm long and petioles> 10 mm long) with typically more than five pairs of lateral veins and a dense, suberect indument; however, in C. barrabeae, sp. nov., the leaf blade is elliptical (vs ovate in C. pluricostata), the longer petioles at midpoint are> 2.5 mm in diameter (vs 2 mm), the indument of the inflorescence axes is longer (0.5-1 mm) and more-or-less straight (vs short PHENOLOGY. — Buds/flowers in January, February; green fruit in June and November. VERNACULAR NAME. — Citronelle (French) fide Papineau (in MacKee 37451), but this name is given to several species of the genus with this odour (Sarlin 1954). LOCAL USE. — Used as timber. ETYMOLOGY. — The plant is dedicated to Laure Barrabé, whose excellent flowering collection alerted us to the existence of this new species, and whose studies of the genera Psychotria and Thiollierea (Rubiaceae) have increased our understanding of New Caledonia’s flora (Barrabé et al. 2011a, b; 2012; 2014; Barrabé 2014). HABITAT. — The tree is restricted to the “forêts denses humides de basse et moyenne altitudes sur roches volcano-sédimentaires” sensu Jaffré et al. (2012); it has been encountered between 390 and 760 m. DISTRIBUTION. — The plant is known from Col d’Amieu (in the South) to Mandjélia (in the North), on the eastern part of the main Island “Grande Terre” (Fig. 4). CONSERVATION STATUS. — The plant appears to be quite common in dense humid forest; and is probably under-collected. It occurs in Aoupinié and Panié protected areas in North Province, and Parc des Grandes Fougères in the South Province. The calculated EOO is 2321 km 2 and the AOO is 117 km 2, but there is no identified threat to the species. We assign Cryptocarya barrabeae, sp. nov., a preliminary status of Least Concern (LC). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Réserve de l’Aoupinié, côté Goa, Lisière de forêt dense humide, 560 m, bt.fl., 15.I.2009, 21°9’20.2’’S, 165°19’12.6’’E, Barrabé et al. 854 (K, MO [MO-2865867], NOU [NOU033955], P [P02033420], Z]; Mandjélia juste sous l’antenne, 860 m, stér., 1.X.2009, 20°23’48’’S, 164°31’55’’E, Munzinger et al. 5841 (MO[MO-2849672], NOU[NOU053514]); Nato, Forêt dense humide, 390 m, stér., 5.II.2013, 21°2’43’’S, 165°21’48’’E, Munzinger et al. 7109 (NOU, P); Forêt Pembaï, col d’Amieu, fr., 13.XI.1980, Suprin 886 (NOU[NOU016441]); Col d’Amieu, forêt persan, 370 m, parcelle a1x, 7 n °10, Forêt dense de moyenne altitude sur forte pente à 35°, bt.fl., 18.I.1993, Veillon 7614 (NOU[NOU016430]); Col Amieu, Forêt humide, 500 m, stér., X.1978, MacKee (leg. Papineau) 37451 (P[P01962722]); Mt. Aoupinié, Forêt humide, 600 m, stér., 11.V.1990, MacKee (leg. Cherrier) 44903 (P[P02033444]); Ponandou, stér., 2.X.2009, Munzinger et al. 5854 (NOU[NOU051356]); Versant La Foa: Col Amieu, Forêt humide, 400 m, fr. vert, 10.VI.1973, MacKee 26761 (MO[MO-2865868], NOU[NOU016440], P[P01753192, P02116878]). DESCRIPTION Tree 4-20 m; 25-50 cm in diameter. Bark brown, somewhat rough, not aromatic.Twigs subterete, densely pubescent with long, erect, reddish brown, straight to somewhat curved, persistent hairs; lenticels not evident in the leafy portions; terminal buds densely erect-pubescent. Leaves alternate; blades elliptical, 4-13.5 × 2-7(-9) cm; base broadly acute (in the smaller leaves) to obtuse (in the larger), often briefly attenuate; apex rounded to truncate or briefly acuminate to an acute or narrowly obtuse tip; margin not or only slightly revolute; texture subcoriaceous; adaxial surface glossy, scrobiculate, glabrous except on the midrib and larger veins, abaxial surface dull, sometimes glaucous, scrobiculate (sometimes only shallowly so), pubescent with long (c. 0.5 mm), erect, reddish brown, essentially straight hairs, the hairs persistent on mature leaves; lateral veins 5-7(-8) on each side, regularly spaced, slightly sunken on the adaxial surface, prominently raised abaxially, lower venation typically evident on both surfaces; petioles (7-)11-22 × 1.6-3.5 mm, densely pubescent, flat adaxially. Inflorescences axillary, 2-3(-4) cm long, sometimes appearing terminal, paniculate, densely pubescent; reduced leaves of the terminal inflorescences 3-6 mm long, caducous, densely pubescent; bracts and bracteoles 1-2 mm long, caducous, densely pubescent; pedicels essentially absent, the flowers sessile or very nearly sessile above the most distal bracteoles. Flowers yellowgreen, 6-7 mm long, c. 3 mm in diameter distally, externally densely pubescent, the tube 3-4 mm long, c. 2 mm in diameter, the tepals 2.5-3 mm long, 1-1.5(-2) mm wide, erect at anthesis, equal (in height), narrowly ovate, densely pubescent adaxially; stamens 9, all 2-celled, pubescent, c. 1.5 mm long, slightly shorter than the tepals and hidden behind them; the filaments c. 0.5 mm long, the anther cells c. 1.0 mm long, the connectives prolonged beyond the anther cells; paired glands at the bases of the inner three stamens globose, c. 0.5 mm in diameter; staminodia ovoid, c. 1 mm long; pistil glabrous, c. 4 mm long, the style not exerted; receptacle cylindric, densely pubescent within. Fruits pubescent and longitudinally ridged when immature; mature fruits not known. NOTE Cited as [Cryptocarya sp. “ aff. pluricostata ” (Barrabé 280)] in Munzinger (2013).

Cryptocarya chrysea Munzinger & McPherson, sp. nov. (Figs 5; 6) TYPUS. — New Caledonia. Province Nord, Aoupinié, crête, forêt humide, 900-1000 m, fl., fr., 15.XI.2007, 21°10'35''S, 165°16'4''E, Munzinger, Lowry, Barriera, Labat, Gemmil, Le Bour, Davidson & Christoph 4792 (holo-, P [P01952876!]; iso-, MO [MO-2849674, MO-2849675]!, NOU [NOU031405]!, P [P01952875]!). DIAGNOSIS. — Among the New Caledonian species of Cryptocarya with dense indument persisting on the abaxial leaf surface, C. chrysea, sp. nov., most resembles C. guillauminii, from which it is distinguished by its protruding lenticels abundant on the older stems, by the golden colour of the abaxial surface of its young leaves, and by its larger fruit (to 3.3 cm diameter) (vs smooth stems, glaucous abaxial surface, and fruit diameter to 2.5 cm in C. guillauminii). PHENOLOGY. — Flowers in November and December; fruits from September to December (black = ripe in November) ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the golden (chryseos in Greek) indument on the abaxial surface of leaves. HABITAT. — The tree grows in "forêts denses humides de basse et moyenne altitudes sur roches volcano-sédimentaires" sensu Jaffré et al. (2012) and ultramafic (Sailles), at 500-1100 m. DISTRIBUTION. — The species grows on both ultramafic and nonultramafic substrates on the east coast of the main island "Grande Terre"; the southernmost locality is Forêt de Sailles, and the northernmost is Wewec (Fig. 6) CONSERVATION STATUS. — The plant is known from three localities, and all of them are protected areas: Aoupinié and Panié in North Province, and Sailles forest in the South Province. The calculated EOO is 1811 km 2 and the AOO is 32 km 2 but there is no significant threat to the species. We assign Cryptocarya chrysea, sp. nov., a preliminary status of Least Concern (LC). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Mt Aoupinié, 900 m, Forested slopes, fl., fr., 10.XII.1980, McPherson 3412 (MO[MO-2849660, MO-2849661], P[P01962713]); Forêt de Sailles, près du sommet du pwénari, Forêt sur rochers, 1100 m, fl., 7.XII.2001, 21°39'58''S, 166°14'49''E, Munzinger et al. 1280 (MO [MO-2849664], P [P00239698]); Aoupinié, 500-600 m, bt.fl., 2.XI.2005, Munzinger et al. 3204 ([IND, NOU [NOU010267], P [P00555334]); Aoupinié, vers l'antenne, Forêt humide, fr.vert, 2.IX.2010, Munzinger et al. 6053 (MO [MO-2849673], NOU [NOU053688]); La Guen, Forêt, 164°E 165° 166° 167° 785 m, fr., 21.XI.2010, 20°37'0.384''S, 164°46'52.7''E, Munzinger et al. 6425 (CANB, MO, NOU [NOU063605], P [P06837397]); La Guen, 637 m, fr., 22.XI.2010, 20°37'28.5''S, 164°46'39.4''E, Munzinger et al. 6460 (MO, NOU [NOU063640], P [P06837398]); Aoupinié, entre portail et antenne, 985 m, fr., 21.IX.2010, 21°10'39.45''S, 165°16'11.57''E, Poullain 351 (MO [MO-2865869], NOU [NOU053718], P [P02259676]); Aoupinié, entre portail et antenne, 985 m, stér., 21.IX.2010, 21°10'39.45''S, 165°16'11.57''E, Poullain 352 (MO, NOU [NOU053713], P [P02259677]); Aoupinié, 950 m, fr., 10.XII.1980, Pusset 176 (P [P01952817]). DESCRIPTION Tree 8-10 m; 15 cm in diameter.Bark brown, somewhat rough. Twigs somewhat flattened to subterete, densely puberulous with minute, appressed, essentially straight hairs, smooth at first but older portions typically with long, shallow, narrow ridges and eventually (below the leaf-bearing nodes) with numerous prominent lenticels, these typically 1-2 mm high, 1-2 mm long; terminal buds densely golden appressed-pubescent. Leaves alternate; blades ovate, 5.0-11 × 2.5-5.6 cm; base obtuse to broadly acute in outline but typically briefly decurrent into the petiole; apex acute, typically acuminate; margin thickened to narrowly revolute; texture coriaceous; adaxial surface glossy, glabrous except near the base, abaxial surface typically golden in colour, densely pubescent with minute, subappressed, essentially straight hairs, the hairs persistent on mature leaves; lateral veins (2-)3- 4(-5) on each side, the lowest two pairs typically arising within 1 cm of the leaf base, slightly sunken on the adaxial surface, prominently raised abaxially, lower venation obscure on both surfaces; petioles 8-13 × c. 2.5 mm, flat adaxially. Inflorescences axillary and pseudoterminal, 1.5-4 cm long, paniculate, densely pubescent; bracts and bracteoles c. 0.5 mm long, caducous, pubescent; pedicels (uppermost bracteoles to hypanthium base) c. 0.5 mm. Flowers yellow-green to green, 3 mm long, 2.5-3 mm in diameter distally, externally pubescent, the tube c. 1 mm long, the tepals c. 2 mm long, erect at anthesis, equal, ovate, pubescent adaxially as well; stamens 9, all 2-celled, pubescent, c. 1 mm long, the filaments very short, the anther cells large, the connectives prolonged beyond the anther cells; stamens slightly shorter than the tepals and hidden behind them; paired glands at the base of the inner three stamens globose, c. 0.3 mm in diameter; staminodia small, narrowly ovate; pistil glabrous, c. 2 mm long, the style not exerted; receptacle cylindric, pubescent near the rim, otherwise glabrous. Fruits slightly obovoid, 2.5-3 cm long, 2.3-3.3 cm in diameter (dried), black at maturity, the embryo reddish pink in cross-section. NOTE Cited as [Cryptocarya sp. "aurea" ined. (Munzinger 4792)] in (Munzinger 2013).

Cleistanthus occidentalis (Leandri) Leandri in Nat. Malgache 9: 45. 1957. ��� Cleistanthus stenonia var. occidentalis Leandri in Notul. Syst. (Paris) 11: 153. 1944. Typus: M ADAGASCAR. Prov. Mahajanga: Plateau d���Antanimena (Boina), I.1924, Perrier de la B��thie 15928 (holo-: P [P00539586] image seen; iso-: P [P00252774]!). = Amyrea eucleoides Radcl. - Sm. in Kew Bull. 53: 440. 1998. Typus:M ADAGASCAR. Prov. Mahajanga: For��t �� feuilles caduques sur calcaires de l���Antsingy, vers Ambodiriana (E. d���Antsalova), 21-27.I.1960, Leandri & Saboureau 2765 (holo-: P [P00098111] image seen; iso-: G [G00018199] image seen, K [K000425608] image seen, MO-04954355!, P [P00098112] image seen, WAG [WAG0004318] image seen), syn. nov. Distribution and habitat. ��� Cleistanthus occidentalis is distributed in the western dry forests from Bemaraha to Boina. Observations. ��� The type specimen of the new synonym is in fruit and bears infructescences from which the capsules have fallen, leaving remnants of the calyx and disk as well as the columns of the fallen fruit. On the MO isotype, several of these columns clearly display pairs of scars where two ovules were originally attached within each locule; the specimen thus represents a species belonging to either the Phyllanthaceae or the Picrodendraceae sensu APGIII (2009), rather than the Euphorbiaceae (where Amyrea is placed). The apparently fasciculate inflorescence type, the pubescent disk, and the stout column suggest Cleistanthus, and in fact this type specimen matches the rarely-collected C. occidentalis, known only from the region in which the specimen was found. It appears to be the first fruiting collection of that species., Published as part of McPherson, Gordon, 2015, Observations on Madagascan Amyrea Leandri and Tannodia Baill. (Euphorbiaceae), pp. 141-144 in Candollea 70 (1) on page 142, DOI: 10.15553/c2015v701a11, http://zenodo.org/record/5720928