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The Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) presents a global health challenge due to its dual manifestations of chickenpox and shingles. Despite vaccination efforts, incomplete coverage, and waning immunity lead to recurrent infections, especially in aging and immunocompromised individuals. Existing vaccines prevent chickenpox but can trigger the reactivation of shingles. To address these limitations, we propose a polyvalent multiepitope subunit vaccine targeting key envelope glycoproteins of VZV. Through bioinformatics approaches, we selected six glycoproteins that are crucial for viral infection. Epitope mapping led to the identification of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), helper T lymphocyte (HTL), and B cell linear (LBL) epitopes. Incorporating strong immunostimulants, we designed two vaccine constructs, demonstrating high antigenicity, solubility, stability, and compatibility with Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Molecular docking and dynamics simulations underscored the stability and affinity of the vaccine constructs with TLRs. These findings lay the foundation for a comprehensive solution to VZV infections, addressing the challenges of incomplete immunity and shingles reactivation. By employing advanced immunoinformatics and dynamics strategies, we have developed a promising polyvalent multiepitope subunit vaccine candidate, poised to enhance protection against VZV and its associated diseases. Further validation through in vivo studies is crucial to confirm the effectiveness and potential of the vaccine to curb the spread of VZV. This innovative approach not only contributes to VZV control but also offers insights into tailored vaccine design strategies against complex viral pathogens.

Background: Bangladesh is declared as “Digital Bangladesh” however, medical students are least acquainted with the necessary information and communication technology (ICT) knowledge in the context of medical education. We have conducted a survey to know about digital equipment ownership, therefore, carried out a self-reported assessment of knowledge and utilization of ICT in relation to educational and clinical development. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, multi-centered questionnaire survey was conducted among the medical students during the period of October 2019. Results and Discussions: In total 467 medical students responded to the questionnaire in which 92% of the students owned a Google android smartphone and accessed the Internet on their devices. Sixty-nine percent of students have (1–5) medical-related apps in their device and drug formulary apps most commonly used 43%. Fifty-nine percent of students have gained their present computer knowledge through self-learning. For study work with fellow student, 90% of students preferred Facebook group, WhatsApp, and Viber. While there was a range of variation in the usage of nonacademic search engines 72% of Google and no usages were found for more dedicated academic services such as PubMed and Medscape. According to 74% of students, inadequate integration of ICT knowledge into their syllabus culminated in insufficient future professional skills. All students were keen on a basic ICT learning program at the beginning of their medical courses. Conclusion: The study revealed that to prepare medical students for using ICT in their academic work adequately, introducing ICT training at the initial stage of the undergraduate program and designing the curriculum to develop a multiplicity of skills is essential in addition to an integrated teaching method.