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6. Threatening the endangered: Uncovering endangered elasmobranchs and factors perpetuating the Tanzanian shark‐fin trade.

Author

Rumisha, Cyrus, Barongo, Deusdedith, Saiperaki, Jackson L., Materu, Silvia F., and Mdegela, Robinson H.

Abstract

Copyright of African Journal of Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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7. Where and when to vaccinate? Interdisciplinary design and evaluation of the 2018 Tanzanian anti-rabies campaign

Author

Fasina, Folorunso O., Mtui-Malamsha, Niwael, Mahiti, Gladys R., Sallu, Raphael, OleNeselle, Moses, Rubegwa, Bachana, Makonnen, Yilma J., Kafeero, Fred, Ruheta, Martin, Nonga, Hezron E., Swai, Emmanuel, Makungu, Selemani, Killewo, Japhet, Otieno, Edward G., Lupindu, Athumani M., Komba, Erick, Mdegela, Robinson, Assenga, Justine K., Bernard, Jubilate, Hussein, Mohamed, Marandu, Walter, Warioba, James, Kaaya, Eliona, Masanja, Pius, Francis, Gundelinda, Kessy, Violet M., Savy, Janique, Choyo, Hija, Ochieng, Justus, Hoogesteijn, Almira L., Fasina, Margaret M., and Rivas, Ariel L.

Published
2020
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13. Mitigating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) using implementation research: a development funder’s approach

Author

Khurana, Mark P, primary, Essack, Sabiha, additional, Zoubiane, Ghada, additional, Sreenivasan, Nandini, additional, Cordoba, Gloria Cristina, additional, Westwood, Erica, additional, Dalsgaard, Anders, additional, Mdegela, Robinson H, additional, Mpundu, Mirfin, additional, Scotini, Rodrigo, additional, Matondo, Augustine B, additional, Mzula, Alexanda, additional, Chanishvili, Nina, additional, Gogebashvili, Dimitri, additional, Beruashvili, Maia, additional, Tsereteli, Marika, additional, Sooronbaev, Talant, additional, Kjærgaard, Jesper, additional, Bloch, Joakim, additional, Isaeva, Elvira, additional, Mainda, Geoffrey, additional, Muuka, Geoffrey, additional, Mudenda, Ntombi B, additional, Goma, Fusya Y, additional, Chu, Duc-Huy, additional, Chanda, Duncan, additional, Chirwa, Uchizi, additional, Yamba, Kaunda, additional, Kapolowe, Kenneth, additional, Fwoloshi, Sombo, additional, Mwenge, Lawrence, additional, and Skov, Robert, additional

Published
2023
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15. Epifriedelanol is the key compound to antibacterial effects of extracts of Synadenium glaucescens (Pax) against medically important bacteria

Author

Msengwa, Zaituni, primary, Rwegoshora, Frank, additional, David, Credo, additional, Mwesongo, James, additional, Mafuru, Magesa, additional, Mabiki, Faith P., additional, Mwang’onde, Beda J., additional, Mtambo, Madundo M., additional, Kusiluka, Lughano J. M., additional, Mdegela, Robinson H., additional, and Olsen, John E., additional

Published
2023
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19. Genomic analysis of sewage from 101 countries reveals global landscape of antimicrobial resistance

Author

Munk, Patrick, Brinch, Christian, Møller, Frederik Duus, Petersen, Thomas N., Hendriksen, Rene S., Seyfarth, Anne Mette, Kjeldgaard, Jette S., Svendsen, Christina Aaby, van Bunnik, Bram, Berglund, Fanny, Bego, Artan, Power, Pablo, Rees, Catherine, Lambrinidis, Dionisia, Neilson, Elizabeth Heather Jakobsen, Gibb, Karen, Coventry, Kris, Collignon, Peter, Cassar, Susan, Allerberger, Franz, Begum, Anowara, Hossain, Zenat Zebin, Worrell, Carlon, Vandenberg, Olivier, Pieters, Ilse, Victorien, Dougnon Tamègnon, Gutierrez, Angela Daniela Salazar, Soria, Freddy, Grujić, Vesna Rudić, Mazalica, Nataša, Rahube, Teddie O., Tagliati, Carlos Alberto, Rodrigues, Dalia, Oliveira, Guilherme, de Souza, Larissa Camila Ribeiro, Ivanov, Ivan, Juste, Bonkoungou Isidore, Oumar, Traoré, Sopheak, Thet, Vuthy, Yith, Ngandijo, Antoinette, Nzouankeu, Ariane, Olivier, Ziem A. Abah Jacques, Yost, Christopher K., Kumar, Pratik, Brar, Satinder Kaur, Tabo, Djim-Adjim, Adell, Aiko D., Paredes-Osses, Esteban, Martinez, Maria Cristina, Cuadros-Orellana, Sara, Ke, Changwen, Zheng, Huanying, Baisheng, Li, Lau, Lok Ting, Chung, Teresa, Jiao, Xiaoyang, Yu, Yongjie, JiaYong, Zhao, Morales, Johan F. Bernal, Valencia, Maria Fernanda, Donado-Godoy, Pilar, Coulibaly, Kalpy Julien, Hrenovic, Jasna, Jergović, Matijana, Karpíšková, Renáta, Deogratias, Zozo Nyarukweba, Elsborg, Bodil, Hansen, Lisbeth Truelstrup, Jensen, Pernille Erland, Abouelnaga, Mohamed, Salem, Mohamed Fathy, Koolmeister, Marliin, Legesse, Mengistu, Eguale, Tadesse, Heikinheimo, Annamari, Le Guyader, Soizick, Schaeffer, Julien, Villacis, Jose Eduardo, Sanneh, Bakary, Malania, Lile, Nitsche, Andreas, Brinkmann, Annika, Schubert, Sara, Hesse, Sina, Berendonk, Thomas U., Saba, Courage Kosi Setsoafia, Mohammed, Jibril, Feglo, Patrick Kwame, Banu, Regina Ama, Kotzamanidis, Charalampos, Lytras, Efthymios, Lickes, Sergio A., Kocsis, Bela, Solymosi, Norbert, Thorsteinsdottir, Thorunn R., Hatha, Abdulla Mohamed, Ballal, Mamatha, Bangera, Sohan Rodney, Fani, Fereshteh, Alebouyeh, Masoud, Morris, Dearbhaile, O’Connor, Louise, Cormican, Martin, Moran-Gilad, Jacob, Battisti, Antonio, Diaconu, Elena Lavinia, Corno, Gianluca, Di Cesare, Andrea, Alba, Patricia, Hisatsune, Junzo, Yu, Liansheng, Kuroda, Makoto, Sugai, Motoyuki, Kayama, Shizuo, Shakenova, Zeinegul, Kiiyukia, Ciira, Ng’eno, Eric, Raka, Lul, Jamil, Kazi, Fakhraldeen, Saja Adel, Alaati, Tareq, Bērziņš, Aivars, Avsejenko, Jeļena, Kokina, Kristina, Streikisa, Madara, Bartkevics, Vadims, Matar, Ghassan M., Daoud, Ziad, Pereckienė, Asta, Butrimaite-Ambrozeviciene, Ceslova, Penny, Christian, Bastaraud, Alexandra, Rasolofoarison, Tiavina, Collard, Jean-Marc, Samison, Luc Hervé, Andrianarivelo, Mala Rakoto, Banda, Daniel Lawadi, Amin, Arshana, Rajandas, Heraa, Parimannan, Sivachandran, Spiteri, David, Haber, Malcolm Vella, Santchurn, Sunita J., Vujacic, Aleksandar, Djurovic, Dijana, Bouchrif, Brahim, Karraouan, Bouchra, Vubil, Delfino Carlos, Pal, Pushkar, Schmitt, Heike, van Passel, Mark, Jeunen, Gert-Jan, Gemmell, Neil, Chambers, Stephen T., Mendoza, Fania Perez, Huete-Pιrez, Jorge, Vilchez, Samuel, Ahmed, Akeem Olayiwola, Adisa, Ibrahim Raufu, Odetokun, Ismail Ayoade, Fashae, Kayode, Sørgaard, Anne-Marie, Wester, Astrid Louise, Ryrfors, Pia, Holmstad, Rune, Mohsin, Mashkoor, Hasan, Rumina, Shakoor, Sadia, Gustafson, Natalie Weiler, Schill, Claudia Huber, Rojas, Maria Luz Zamudio, Velasquez, Jorge Echevarria, Magtibay, Bonifacio B., Catangcatang, Kris, Sibulo, Ruby, Yauce, Felipe Campos, Wasyl, Dariusz, Manaia, Celia, Rocha, Jaqueline, Martins, Jose, Álvaro, Pedro, Di Yoong Wen, Doris, Shin, Hanseob, Hur, Hor-Gil, Yoon, Sukhwan, Bosevska, Golubinka, Kochubovski, Mihail, Cojocaru, Radu, Burduniuc, Olga, Hong, Pei-Ying, Perry, Meghan Rose, Gassama, Amy, Radosavljevic, Vladimir, Tay, Moon Y. F., Zuniga-Montanez, Rogelio, Wuertz, Stefan, Gavačová, Dagmar, Pastuchová, Katarína, Truska, Peter, Trkov, Marija, Keddy, Karen, Esterhuyse, Kerneels, Song, Min Joon, Quintela-Baluja, Marcos, Lopez, Mariano Gomez, Cerdà-Cuéllar, Marta, Perera, R.R.D.P., Bandara, N.K.B.K.R.G.W., Premasiri, H.I., Pathirage, Sujatha, Charlemagne, Kareem, Rutgersson, Carolin, Norrgren, Leif, Örn, Stefan, Boss, Renate, Van der Heijden, Tanja, Hong, Yu-Ping, Kumburu, Happiness Houka, Mdegela, Robinson Hammerthon, Hounmanou, Yaovi Mahuton Gildas, Chonsin, Kaknokrat, Suthienkul, Orasa, Thamlikitkul, Visanu, de Roda Husman, Ana Maria, Bidjada, Bawimodom, Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe-Marie, Nikiema-Pessinaba, Somtinda Christelle, Levent, Belkis, Kurekci, Cemil, Ejobi, Francis, Kalule, John Bosco, Thomsen, Jens, Obaidi, Ouidiane, Jassim, Laila Mohamed, Moore, Andrew, Leonard, Anne, Graham, David W., Bunce, Joshua T., Zhang, Lihong, Gaze, William H., Lefor, Brett, Capone, Drew, Sozzi, Emanuele, Brown, Joe, Meschke, John Scott, Sobsey, Mark D., Davis, Michael, Beck, Nicola Koren, Sukapanpatharam, Pardi, Truong, Phuong, Lilienthal, Ronald, Kang, Sanghoon, Wittum, Thomas E., Rigamonti, Natalia, Baklayan, Patricia, Van, Chinh Dang, Tran, Doan Minh Nguyen, Do Phuc, Nguyen, Kwenda, Geoffrey, Larsson, D. G. Joakim, Koopmans, Marion, Woolhouse, Mark, Aarestrup, Frank M., Virology, Producció Animal, and Sanitat Animal

Subjects
genomic analysis, sewage, antimicrobial resistance, Multidisciplinary, Sewage, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Metagenome, General Physics and Astronomy, Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics, Genomics, General Chemistry, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents
Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global health. Understanding the emergence, evolution, and transmission of individual antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is essential to develop sustainable strategies combatting this threat. Here, we use metagenomic sequencing to analyse ARGs in 757 sewage samples from 243 cities in 101 countries, collected from 2016 to 2019. We find regional patterns in resistomes, and these differ between subsets corresponding to drug classes and are partly driven by taxonomic variation. The genetic environments of 49 common ARGs are highly diverse, with most common ARGs carried by multiple distinct genomic contexts globally and sometimes on plasmids. Analysis of flanking sequence revealed ARG-specific patterns of dispersal limitation and global transmission. Our data furthermore suggest certain geographies are more prone to transmission events and should receive additional attention. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global health. Understanding the emergence, evolution, and transmission of individual antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is essential to develop sustainable strategies combatting this threat. Here, we use metagenomic sequencing to analyse ARGs in 757 sewage samples from 243 cities in 101 countries, collected from 2016 to 2019. We find regional patterns in resistomes, and these differ between subsets corresponding to drug classes and are partly driven by taxonomic variation. The genetic environments of 49 common ARGs are highly diverse, with most common ARGs carried by multiple distinct genomic contexts globally and sometimes on plasmids. Analysis of flanking sequence revealed ARG-specific patterns of dispersal limitation and global transmission. Our data furthermore suggest certain geographies are more prone to transmission events and should receive additional attention.

Published
2022

26. Thin Layer Chromatographic Method for Detection of Conventional Drug Adulterants in Herbal Products.

Author

Mwankuna, Christopher Johnson, Mariki, Eliapenda Elisante, Mabiki, Faith Philemon, Malebo, Hamisi Masanja, Styrishave, Bjarne, and Mdegela, Robinson Hammerton

Subjects
THIN layer chromatography, SILDENAFIL
Abstract

Commercially available conventional drugs have been used to adulterate herbal products. Considering the rapid growth of herbal products' market, it is essential to screen herbal products for the presence of conventional drugs. Simple analytical methods are needed for the rapid screening of conventional drugs that are likely to be adulterated in herbal products. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) methods for screening twelve conventional drugs in herbal products have been developed and applied. The analytes were extracted from herbal products using acetonitrile:methanol:acetic acid:water (4:4:1:1, v/v). Solvent mixture of dichloromethane:ethyl acetate:methanol (75:15:10, v/v) separated well trimethoprim, sildenafil, paracetamol, and sulfamethoxazole while pyrimethamine, metronidazole, and sulfadoxine were well separated by dichloromethane:ethyl acetate:methanol (77.5:12.5:10, v/v). In addition, acetyl salicylic acid, ibuprofen, diclofenac, quinine, and lumefantrine were well separated by ethyl acetate:methanol:30% ammonia (75:22.5:2.5, v/v). Chromatographic separations were found to be highly reproducible, and more than 10 samples can be analysed in one run. The method was applied in the screening of 229 herbal products. Consequently, 24.0% of the samples contained one adulterant, while 21.4% contained at least two adulterants. All conventional drugs detected in herbal products were not mentioned on the labels and therefore the consumers are kept unaware of their side effects and health problems. Further studies for confirming and quantitatively determining the adulterants in a wide range of products as well as a systematic toxicological analysis of the adulterants in herbal products are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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30. Determination of Edwardsiella tarda Median Lethal Dose (LD50) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

Author

Byakora, Ezra, Byarugaba, Denis K., Mugimba, Kizito K., Wamala, Samuel P., Mkupasi, Ernatus M., Mdegela, Robinson H., and Adewale, Alarape S.

Subjects
NILE tilapia, EDWARDSIELLA tarda, FISH farming, PATHOGENIC bacteria, SKIN ulcers, VACCINE development, BODY weight
Abstract

Edwardsiella tarda is a severe fish pathogenic bacteria circulating in both cultured and wild fish species, with a broad host range and geographical distribution. The experimental infection of Nile tilapia with Edwardsiella tarda was conducted to determine its Median Lethal Dose (LD50). Fifty (50) live fish of 75 gram body weight were acclimatized and divided into 5 equal groups of 10 fish. Each group was randomly assigned to treatments of 106, 107, 108, 109 cfu/ml dilutions or control (PBS). Previously isolated laboratory stock of Edwardsiella tarda KOCT4', was intraperitoneally injected into each fish in the test groups respectively, while PBS was used for the control group. The calculated LD50 value was 1.6x108 and the infected fish showed hemorrhages, skin ulcers, swollen abdomen, vertical hanging and loss of pigment. Results from this study will be very useful for further pathogenicity studies and facilitation of vaccine development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

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