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4. Smoking remains associated with education after controlling for social background and genetic factors in a study of 18 twin cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Piirtola, Maarit, Jelenkovic, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Tarnoki, Adam D, Tarnoki, David L, Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Soo Ji, Sung, Joohon, Franz, Carol E, Kremen, William S, Lyons, Michael J, Derom, Catherine A, Vlietinck, Robert F, Loos, Ruth JF, Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Martin, Nicholas G, Medland, Sarah E, Montgomery, Grant W, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S, Harris, Jennifer R, Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L, Magnusson, Patrik KE, Pedersen, Nancy L, Dahl Aslan, Anna K, Ordoñana, Juan R, Sánchez-Romera, Juan F, Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Rebato, Esther, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Tan, Qihua, Silberg, Judy L, Maes, Hermine H, Boomsma, Dorret I, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, Korhonen, Tellervo, and Kaprio, Jaakko

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Genetics, Pediatric, Prevention, Tobacco, Tobacco Smoke and Health, Quality Education, Child, Educational Status, Humans, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic
Abstract

We tested the causality between education and smoking using the natural experiment of discordant twin pairs allowing to optimally control for background genetic and childhood social factors. Data from 18 cohorts including 10,527 monozygotic (MZ) and same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs discordant for education and smoking were analyzed by linear fixed effects regression models. Within twin pairs, education levels were lower among the currently smoking than among the never smoking co-twins and this education difference was larger within DZ than MZ pairs. Similarly, education levels were higher among former smoking than among currently smoking co-twins, and this difference was larger within DZ pairs. Our results support the hypothesis of a causal effect of education on both current smoking status and smoking cessation. However, the even greater intra-pair differences within DZ pairs, who share only 50% of their segregating genes, provide evidence that shared genetic factors also contribute to these associations.

Published
2022

9. Genetic and environmental influences on human height from infancy through adulthood at different levels of parental education

Author

Jelenkovic, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Latvala, Antti, Sugawara, Masumi, Tanaka, Mami, Matsumoto, Satoko, Freitas, Duarte L, Maia, José Antonio, Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rebato, Esther, Saudino, Kimberly J, Cutler, Tessa L, Hopper, John L, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Magnusson, Patrik KE, Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E, Mack, Thomas M, Nelson, Tracy L, Whitfield, Keith E, Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Llewellyn, Clare H, Fisher, Abigail, Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Baker, Laura A, Tuvblad, Catherine, Corley, Robin P, Huibregtse, Brooke M, Derom, Catherine A, Vlietinck, Robert F, Loos, Ruth JF, Burt, S Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L, Silberg, Judy L, Maes, Hermine H, Krueger, Robert F, McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A, Harris, Jennifer R, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S, Harden, K Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M, Franz, Carol E, Kremen, William S, Lyons, Michael J, Lichtenstein, Paul, Bartels, Meike, Beijsterveldt, Catharina EM van, Willemsen, Gonneke, Öncel, Sevgi Y, Aliev, Fazil, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Turkheimer, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret I, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, Kaprio, Jaakko, and Silventoinen, Karri

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Health Sciences, Psychology, Pediatric, Nutrition, Genetics, Prevention, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Quality Education, Adolescent, Adult, Body Height, Child, Child, Preschool, Environment, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Background, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Parenting, Parents, Quantitative Trait Loci, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Young Adult
Abstract

Genetic factors explain a major proportion of human height variation, but differences in mean stature have also been found between socio-economic categories suggesting a possible effect of environment. By utilizing a classical twin design which allows decomposing the variation of height into genetic and environmental components, we tested the hypothesis that environmental variation in height is greater in offspring of lower educated parents. Twin data from 29 cohorts including 65,978 complete twin pairs with information on height at ages 1 to 69 years and on parental education were pooled allowing the analyses at different ages and in three geographic-cultural regions (Europe, North America and Australia, and East Asia). Parental education mostly showed a positive association with offspring height, with significant associations in mid-childhood and from adolescence onwards. In variance decomposition modeling, the genetic and environmental variance components of height did not show a consistent relation to parental education. A random-effects meta-regression analysis of the aggregate-level data showed a trend towards greater shared environmental variation of height in low parental education families. In conclusion, in our very large dataset from twin cohorts around the globe, these results provide only weak evidence for the study hypothesis.

Published
2020

11. Aggiornamento sulla nutrizione iodica in Italia: i risultati della seconda sorveglianza dell’Osservatorio per il Monitoraggio della Iodoprofilassi in Italia-OSNAMI (2015-2019)

Author

De Angelis, Simona, Rotondi, Daniela, Gilardi, Enzo, Stacchini, Paolo, Pastorelli, Augusto Alberto, Sorbo, Angela, D’Amato, Marilena, Turco, Anna Chiara, Medda, Emanuela, Da Cas, Roberto, Andò, Sebastiano, Bonofiglio, Daniela, Bagnasco, Marcello, Gasperi, Maurizio, Meringolo, Domenico, Mian, Caterina, Puxeddu, Efisio, Regalbuto, Concetto, Moleti, Mariacarla, Taccaliti, Augusto, Ulisse, Salvatore, Tonacchera, Massimo, Tanda, Maria Laura, Boi, Francesco, Ruggiero, Valeria, Mariotti, Stefano, Corbetta, Carlo, Ciatti, Renzo, Tarsi, Elisabetta, Stoppioni, Vera, Perrotti, Nicola, Marasco, Onorina, Scozzafava, Giovanna, Camilot, Marta, Teofoli, Francesca, Righetti, Francesca, Dimida, Antonio, Plutino, Giuseppe, Carrano, Elena, Copparoni, Roberto, Gabbianelli, Marco, Vitti, Paolo, and Olivieri, Antonella

Published
2022
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12. A multi-marker integrative analysis reveals benefits and risks of bariatric surgery

Author

Palleschi, Simonetta, Guglielmi, Valeria, Nisticò, Lorenza, Ferreri, Carla, Tabolacci, Claudio, Facchiano, Francesco, Iorio, Egidio, Giuliani, Alessandro, Brescianini, Sonia, Medda, Emanuela, Fagnani, Corrado, Rossi, Barbara, Minoprio, Anna, Chirico, Mattea, Pisanu, Maria Elena, Di Nolfo, Federica, Fortini, Paola, Simonelli, Valeria, Baccarini, Sara, Laterza, Serena, Morretti, Tiziana, Dell’Orso, Ambra, Manganello, Federico, Gentileschi, Paolo, Sbraccia, Paolo, and Dogliotti, Eugenia

Published
2022
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13. Educational attainment of same-sex and opposite-sex dizygotic twins: An individual-level pooled study of 19 twin cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Bogl, Leonie H., Jelenkovic, Aline, Vuoksimaa, Eero, Latvala, Antti, Li, Weilong, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Ordoñana, Juan R., Sánchez-Romera, Juan F., Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E.M., Rebato, Esther, Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Hopper, John L., Tyler, Jessica, Duncan, Glen E., Buchwald, Dedra, Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Kandler, Christian, Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Heikkilä, Kauko, Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J.F., Magnusson, Patrik K.E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Siribaddana, Sisira H., Rose, Richard J., Sørensen, Thorkild I.A., Boomsma, Dorret I., and Kaprio, Jaakko

Published
2021
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16. Investigating Genetic and Environmental Substrates of the Relationship between Positive Mental Health and Biological Aging—A Study Protocol

Author

Marcon, Francesca, primary, Salemi, Miriam, additional, D’Ippolito, Cristina, additional, Picardi, Angelo, additional, Toccaceli, Virgilia, additional, Nisticò, Lorenza, additional, Alviti, Sabrina, additional, Siniscalchi, Ester, additional, Salani, Francesca, additional, Varalda, Giorgia Maria, additional, Medda, Emanuela, additional, and Fagnani, Corrado, additional

Published
2023
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17. Fifteen Years of Iodine Prophylaxis in Italy: Results of a Nationwide Surveillance (Period 2015-2019)

Author

De Angelis, Simona, primary, Medda, Emanuela, additional, Rotondi, Daniela, additional, Masocco, Maria, additional, Minardi, Valentina, additional, Contoli, Benedetta, additional, Possenti, Valentina, additional, Sorbo, Angela, additional, D’Amato, Marilena, additional, Turco, Anna Chiara, additional, Pastorelli, Alberto Augusto, additional, Stacchini, Paolo, additional, Cas, Roberto Da, additional, Bagnasco, Marcello, additional, Bonofiglio, Daniela, additional, Gasperi, Maurizio, additional, Meringolo, Domenico, additional, Mian, Caterina, additional, Moleti, Mariacarla, additional, Vermiglio, Francesco, additional, Puxeddu, Efisio, additional, Taccaliti, Augusto, additional, Tonacchera, Massimo, additional, Ulisse, Salvatore, additional, Dimida, Antonio, additional, Rago, Teresa, additional, Nazzari, Elena, additional, Schiavo, Mara, additional, Bossert, Irene, additional, Sturniolo, Giacomo, additional, Corbetta, Carlo, additional, Cereda, Cristina, additional, Cappelletti, Laura, additional, Camilot, Marta, additional, Teofoli, Francesca, additional, Ciatti, Renzo, additional, Tarsi, Elisabetta, additional, Perrotti, Nicola, additional, Marasco, Onorina, additional, Scozzafava, Giovanna, additional, Righetti, Francesca, additional, Andò, Sebastiano, additional, Catalano, Stefania, additional, Cristofaro, Mariarosaria, additional, Sorrenti, Giovanni, additional, Censi, Simona, additional, Morelli, Silvia, additional, Baldini, Enke, additional, Plutino, Giuseppe, additional, Copparoni, Roberto, additional, Alonzo, Elena, additional, Giacomozzi, Claudia, additional, Silano, Marco, additional, and Olivieri, Antonella, additional

Published
2023
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18. Attività di monitoraggio del programma nazionale per la prevenzione dei disordini da carenza iodica: la situazione italiana a 14 anni dall’approvazione della Legge 55/2005

Author

Olivieri, Antonella, De Angelis, Simona, Rotondi, Daniela, Pastorelli, Augusto, Stacchini, Paolo, Da Cas, Roberto, Medda, Emanuela, Osservatori Regionali per la Prevenzione del Gozzo, and Centri Regionali e inter-Regionali per lo Screening Neonatale dell’Ipotiroidismo Congenito

Published
2019
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20. Heritability of the femoral intima media thickness

Author

Fejer, Bence, Tarnoki, Adam D, Tarnoki, David L, Lucatelli, Pierleone, Littvay, Levente, Maurovich-Horvat, Pal, Jermendy, Adam L, Kovacs, Attila, Godor, Erika, Fagnani, Corrado, Stazi, Maria A, Molnar, Andrea A, Fanelli, Fabrizio, Cirelli, Carlo, Farina, Filippo, Baracchini, Claudio, Meneghetti, Giorgio, Pucci, Giacomo, Jermendy, Gyorgy, Merkely, Bela, Schillaci, Giuseppe, and Medda, Emanuela

Published
2017
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21. Fifteen Years of Iodine Prophylaxis in Italy: Results of a Nationwide Surveillance (Period 2015-2019).

Author

Angelis, Simona De, Medda, Emanuela, Rotondi, Daniela, Masocco, Maria, Minardi, Valentina, Contoli, Benedetta, Possenti, Valentina, Sorbo, Angela, D'Amato, Marilena, Turco, Anna Chiara, Pastorelli, Alberto Augusto, Stacchini, Paolo, Cas, Roberto Da, Bagnasco, Marcello, Bonofiglio, Daniela, Gasperi, Maurizio, Meringolo, Domenico, Mian, Caterina, Moleti, Mariacarla, and Vermiglio, Francesco

Subjects
PREVENTIVE medicine, IODINE
Abstract

Context In 2005, a nationwide program of iodine prophylaxis on a voluntary basis was implemented in Italy by law. However, recent data on iodine status are lacking. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate efficiency, effectiveness, and possible adverse effects (increased occurrence of thyroid autoimmunity and hyperthyroidism) of the Italian iodine prophylaxis program. Methods From 2015 to 2019, a nationwide survey was performed. The use of iodized salt was evaluated in a sample of 164 593 adults and in 998 school canteens. A sample of 4233 schoolchildren (aged 11-13 years) was recruited to assess urinary iodine concentration, prevalence of goiter, and thyroid hypoechogenicity on ultrasound, with the latter being an indirect indicator of thyroid autoimmunity. Neonatal TSH values of 197 677 infants screened in regions representative of Northern, Central, and Southern Italy were analyzed to investigate the percentage of TSH values >5.0 mIU/L. Data on methimazole prescriptions were analyzed as indirect indicators of new cases of hyperthyroidism. Results The prevalence of the use of iodized salt was 71.5% in adult population and 78% in school canteens. A median urinary iodine concentration of 124 μg/L, a prevalence of goiter of 2.2%, and a prevalence of thyroid hypoechogenicity of 5.7% were observed in schoolchildren. The percentage of neonatal TSH values >5.0 mIU/L resulted still higher (5.1%) than the World Health Organization threshold of 3.0%, whereas the prescriptions of methimazole showed a reduction of 13.5%. Conclusion Fifteen years of iodine prophylaxis have led to iodine sufficiency in Italy, although there still is concern about iodine nutritional status during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Genetic influence on femoral plaque and its relationship with carotid plaque: an international twin study

Author

Lucatelli, Pierleone, Fagnani, Corrado, Tarnoki, Adam Domonkos, Tarnoki, David Laszlo, Sacconi, Beatrice, Fejer, Bence, Stazi, Maria Antonietta, Salemi, Miriam, Cirelli, Carlo, d’Adamo, Alessandro, Fanelli, Fabrizio, Catalano, Carlo, Maurovich-Horvat, Pal, Jermendy, Adam L., Jermendy, Gyorgy, Merkely, Bela, Molnar, Andrea A., Pucci, Giacomo, Schillaci, Giuseppe, Farina, Filippo, Meneghetti, Giorgio, Baracchini, Claudio, and Medda, Emanuela

Published
2018
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23. Age-Related Variations of Genetic and Environmental Contributions to the Covariation of Fear, Distress and Externalizing Symptoms: A Twin Study in Childhood and Adolescence

Author

De Francesco, S, Scaini, S, Alessandri, G, Medda, E, Camoni, L, Stazi, M, Fagnani, C, De Francesco, Stefano, Scaini, Simona, Alessandri, Guido, Medda, Emanuela, Camoni, Laura, Stazi, Maria Antonietta, Fagnani, Corrado, De Francesco, S, Scaini, S, Alessandri, G, Medda, E, Camoni, L, Stazi, M, Fagnani, C, De Francesco, Stefano, Scaini, Simona, Alessandri, Guido, Medda, Emanuela, Camoni, Laura, Stazi, Maria Antonietta, and Fagnani, Corrado

Abstract

The frequency with which Internalizing and Externalizing symptoms co-occur suggests that, behind both domains, there may be a common susceptibility represented by a general psychopathology factor. However, it’s still unclear whether this common susceptibility is affected by age-related variations. Internalizing (i.e., Fear and Distress) and Externalizing symptoms were evaluated in 803 twin pairs from the population-based Italian Twin Registry. Model-fitting analysis was performed separately in the 6–14 and 15–18 age groups to estimate genetic and environmental contributions to the covariance among symptoms. For the 6–14 group, a multivariate Cholesky model best fitted the data, while, for the 15–18 group, the best fit was provided by a Common Pathway model in which nearly 50% of total variance of each trait was mediated by common genetic factors. Our findings support a common susceptibility behind Internalizing and Externalizing symptoms, mainly genetic in origin, that becomes more evident at the beginning of puberty.

Published
2023

25. Fifteen Years of Iodine Prophylaxis in Italy: Results of a Nationwide Surveillance (Period 2015-2019)

Author

De Angelis, Simona, Medda, Emanuela, Rotondi, Daniela, Masocco, Maria, Minardi, Valentina, Contoli, Benedetta, Possenti, Valentina, Sorbo, Angela, D’Amato, Marilena, Turco, Anna Chiara, Pastorelli, Alberto Augusto, Stacchini, Paolo, Cas, Roberto Da, Bagnasco, Marcello, Bonofiglio, Daniela, Gasperi, Maurizio, Meringolo, Domenico, Mian, Caterina, Moleti, Mariacarla, Vermiglio, Francesco, Puxeddu, Efisio, Taccaliti, Augusto, Tonacchera, Massimo, Ulisse, Salvatore, Dimida, Antonio, Rago, Teresa, Nazzari, Elena, Schiavo, Mara, Bossert, Irene, Sturniolo, Giacomo, Corbetta, Carlo, Cereda, Cristina, Cappelletti, Laura, Camilot, Marta, Teofoli, Francesca, Ciatti, Renzo, Tarsi, Elisabetta, Perrotti, Nicola, Marasco, Onorina, Scozzafava, Giovanna, Righetti, Francesca, Andò, Sebastiano, Catalano, Stefania, Cristofaro, Mariarosaria, Sorrenti, Giovanni, Censi, Simona, Morelli, Silvia, Baldini, Enke, Plutino, Giuseppe, Copparoni, Roberto, Alonzo, Elena, Giacomozzi, Claudia, Silano, Marco, and Olivieri, Antonella

Published
2024
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31. Genetic and environmental determinants of longitudinal stability of arterial stiffness and wave reflection: a twin study

Author

Pucci, Giacomo, Tarnoki, Adam D., Medda, Emanuela, Tarnoki, David L., Littvay, Levente, Maurovich-Horvat, Pal, Jermendy, Adam L., Godor, Erika, Fejer, Bence, Hernyes, Anita, Lucatelli, Pierleone, Fanelli, Fabrizio, Farina, Filippo, Baracchini, Claudio, Meneghetti, Giorgio, Jermendy, Gyorgy, Merkely, Bela, Schillaci, Giuseppe, Fagnani, Corrado, and Stazi, Maria A.

Published
2018
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32. Association of Assisted Reproductive Technology With Offspring Growth and Adiposity From Infancy to Early Adulthood

Author

Elhakeem, Ahmed, Taylor, Amy E., Inskip, Hazel M., Huang, Jonathan, Tafflet, Muriel, Vinther, Johan L., Asta, Federica, Erkamp, Jan S., Gagliardi, Luigi, Guerlich, Kathrin, Halliday, Jane, Harskamp-van Ginkel, Margreet W., He, Jian-Rong, Jaddoe, Vincent W. V., Lewis, Sharon, Maher, Gillian M., Manios, Yannis, Mansell, Toby, McCarthy, Fergus P., McDonald, Sheila W., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, de Moira, Angela Pinot, Popovic, Maja, Reiss, Irwin K. M., Rodrigues, Carina, Salika, Theodosia, Smith, Ash, Stazi, Maria A., Walker, Caroline, Wu, Muci, Åsvold, Bjørn O., Barros, Henrique, Brescianini, Sonia, Burgner, David, Chan, Jerry K. Y., Charles, Marie-Aline, Eriksson, Johan G., Gaillard, Romy, Grote, Veit, Håberg, Siri E., Heude, Barbara, Koletzko, Berthold, Morton, Susan, Moschonis, George, Murray, Deirdre, O’Mahony, Desmond, Porta, Daniela, Qiu, Xiu, Richiardi, Lorenzo, Rusconi, Franca, Saffery, Richard, Tough, Suzanne C., Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M., Nelson, Scott M., Nybo Andersen, Anne-Marie, Magnus, Maria C., Lawlor, Deborah A., Clinicum, Research Programs Unit, Johan Eriksson / Principal Investigator, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Public and occupational health, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Methodology, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, APH - Aging & Later Life, and Pediatrics

Subjects
Adult, Male, Reproductive Techniques, Assisted, Adolescent, CHILDHOOD, EMBRYO-TRANSFER, FRESH, INFERTILITY, Cohort Studies, Reproductive Techniques, Pregnancy, Semen, Child, Child, Preschool, Embryo Transfer, Female, Humans, Infant, Obesity, Adiposity, Preschool, Embryo Transfer/methods, Uncategorized, OUTCOMES, BORN, Reproductive Techniques, Assisted/adverse effects, General Medicine, Obesity/epidemiology, Assisted, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, HEALTH, IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION
Abstract

IMPORTANCE People conceived using assisted reproductive technology (ART) make up anincreasing proportion of the world’s population.OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of ART conception with offspring growth and adiposityfrom infancy to early adulthood in a large multicohort study.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study used a prespecified coordinated analysisacross 26 European, Asia-Pacific, and North American population-based cohort studies that includedpeople born between 1984 and 2018, with mean ages at assessment of growth and adiposityoutcomes from 0.6 months to 27.4 years. Data were analyzed between November 2019 andFebruary 2022.EXPOSURES Conception by ART (mostly in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, andembryo transfer) vs natural conception (NC; without any medically assisted reproduction).MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcomes were length / height, weight, and bodymass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared). Each cohortwas analyzed separately with adjustment for maternal BMI, age, smoking, education, parity, andethnicity and offspring sex and age. Results were combined in random effects meta-analysis for 13age groups.RESULTS Up to 158 066 offspring (4329 conceived by ART) were included in each age-group metaanalysis, with between 47.6% to 60.6% females in each cohort. Compared with offspring who wereNC, offspring conceived via ART were shorter, lighter, and thinner from infancy to early adolescence,with differences largest at the youngest ages and attenuating with older child age. For example,adjusted mean differences in offspring weight were −0.27 (95% CI, −0.39 to −0.16) SD units at ageyounger than 3 months, −0.16 (95% CI, −0.22 to −0.09) SD units at age 17 to 23 months, −0.07 (95%CI, −0.10 to −0.04) SD units at age 6 to 9 years, and −0.02 (95% CI, −0.15 to 0.12) SD units at age 14to 17 years. Smaller offspring size was limited to individuals conceived by fresh but not frozen embryotransfer compared with those who were NC (eg, difference in weight at age 4 to 5 years was −0.14[95% CI, −0.20 to −0.07] SD units for fresh embryo transfer vs NC and 0.00 [95% CI, −0.15 to 0.15SD units for frozen embryo transfer vs NC). More marked differences were seen for body fatmeasurements, and there was imprecise evidence that offspring conceived by ART developedgreater adiposity by early adulthood (eg, ART vs NC difference in fat mass index at age older than 17years: 0.23 [95% CI, −0.04 to 0.50] SD units).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that people conceiving or conceived byART can be reassured that differences in early growth and adiposity are small and no longer evidentby late adolescence

Published
2022
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34. Much More than Model Fitting? Evidence for the Heritability of Method Effect Associated with Positively Worded Items of the Life Orientation Test Revised

Author

Alessandri, Guido, Vecchione, Michele, Fagnani, Corrado, Bentler, Peter M., Barbaranelli, Claudio, Medda, Emanuela, Nistico, Lorenza, Stazi, Maria Antonietta, and Caprara, Gian Vittorio

Abstract

When a self-report instrument includes a balanced number of positively and negatively worded items, factor analysts often use method effect factors to aid model fitting. One of the most widely investigated sources of method effects stems from the respondent tendencies to agree with an item regardless of its content. The nature of these effects, often referred to as acquiescence, is still debated. This study provides a unique contribution to the understanding of the substantive nature of these factors. The revised Life Orientation Test was administered to 653 twins (40% males) to unravel the genetic and the environmental components of method effect associated with positively worded items. Biometric modeling revealed significant heritability for the method effect factor along with strong unique environmental influences. This provides a substantive interpretation of method effects as a stable individual tendency. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. (Contains 2 tables and 2 figures.)

Published
2010
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35. Genetic and environmental factors on the relation of lung function and arterial stiffness

Author

Tarnoki, David Laszlo, Tarnoki, Adam Domonkos, Lazar, Zsofia, Medda, Emanuela, Littvay, Levente, Cotichini, Rodolfo, Fagnani, Corrado, Stazi, Maria Antonietta, Nisticó, Lorenza, Lucatelli, Pierleone, Boatta, Emanuele, Zini, Chiara, Fanelli, Fabrizio, Baracchini, Claudio, Meneghetti, Giorgio, Jermendy, Gyorgy, Préda, István, Kiss, Róbert Gábor, Karlinger, Kinga, Lannert, Agnes, Schillaci, Giuseppe, Molnar, Andrea Agnes, Garami, Zsolt, Berczi, Viktor, and Horvath, Ildiko

Published
2013
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38. Smoking remains associated with education after controlling for social background and genetic factors in a study of 18 twin cohorts

Author

Genética, antropología física y fisiología animal, Genetika,antropologia fisikoa eta animalien fisiologia, Silventoinen, Karri, Piirtola, Maarit, Jelenkovic Moreno, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Sung, Joohon, Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Ordoñana Martín, Juan Ramón, Sánchez Romera, Juan Francisco, Colodro Conde, Lucía, Rebato Ochoa, Esther Matilde, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Tan, Qihua, Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Korhonen, Tellervo, Kaprio, Jaakko, Genética, antropología física y fisiología animal, Genetika,antropologia fisikoa eta animalien fisiologia, Silventoinen, Karri, Piirtola, Maarit, Jelenkovic Moreno, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Sung, Joohon, Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Ordoñana Martín, Juan Ramón, Sánchez Romera, Juan Francisco, Colodro Conde, Lucía, Rebato Ochoa, Esther Matilde, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Tan, Qihua, Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Korhonen, Tellervo, and Kaprio, Jaakko

Abstract

We tested the causality between education and smoking using the natural experiment of discordant twin pairs allowing to optimally control for background genetic and childhood social factors. Data from 18 cohorts including 10,527 monozygotic (MZ) and same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs discordant for education and smoking were analyzed by linear fixed effects regression models. Within twin pairs, education levels were lower among the currently smoking than among the never smoking co-twins and this education difference was larger within DZ than MZ pairs. Similarly, education levels were higher among former smoking than among currently smoking co-twins, and this difference was larger within DZ pairs. Our results support the hypothesis of a causal effect of education on both current smoking status and smoking cessation. However, the even greater intra-pair differences within DZ pairs, who share only 50% of their segregating genes, provide evidence that shared genetic factors also contribute to these associations.

Published
2022

39. Development and Validation of the Italian “Brief Five-Item Chronic Pain Questionnaire” for Epidemiological Studies

Author

Toccaceli,Virgilia, Tenti,Michael, Stazi,Maria Antonietta, Fagnani,Corrado, Medda,Emanuela, Gargiulo,Lidia, Burgio,Alessandra, Sampaolo,Letizia, Ferri,Maurizio, Raffaeli,William, Toccaceli,Virgilia, Tenti,Michael, Stazi,Maria Antonietta, Fagnani,Corrado, Medda,Emanuela, Gargiulo,Lidia, Burgio,Alessandra, Sampaolo,Letizia, Ferri,Maurizio, and Raffaeli,William

Abstract

Virgilia Toccaceli,1 Michael Tenti,2 Maria Antonietta Stazi,1 Corrado Fagnani,1 Emanuela Medda,1 Lidia Gargiulo,3 Alessandra Burgio,3 Letizia Sampaolo,4 Maurizio Ferri,1 William Raffaeli2 1Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italian National Institute of Health), Rome, Italy; 2Fondazione ISAL, Institute for Research on Pain, Torre Pedrera, Italy; 3ISTAT, National Institute of Statistics, Rome, Italy; 4Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italian National Institute of Health), Rome, ItalyCorrespondence: Michael Tenti, Fondazione ISAL, Via San Salvador, 204, Rimini, 47922, Italy, Tel +390541725166, Fax +390541725164, Email michael.tenti@fondazioneisal.itBackground: Chronic pain (CP) prevalence estimates addressing a wide phenotype are still quite fragmented and may vary widely due to the lack of standardized tools of investigation. There is an urgent need to update general population CP estimates.Methods: For this purpose, the Brief Five-item Chronic Pain Questionnaire was developed through experts’ consultations for design and content validity assessment; literature analysis of measures used to investigate CP for general population surveys; understandability evaluation through a survey on a convenience sample of affected and non-affected individuals; reliability assessment by means of two double-wave online surveys carried out by the Italian Twin Registry; criterion and construct validity assessment through the third wave of the 2019 European Health Interview Survey (Ehis).Results: Key dimensions were defined to describe CP main aspects from a public health perspective. Literature analysis showed that validated questionnaires were rarely used to address important public health CP aspects. Understandability of the measure was good. Test-retest analyses showed adequate reliability of the measure: k values were at least “moderate” with highest values regarding CP “occurre

Published
2022

41. Vertebral Artery Diameter and Flow: Nature or Nurture

Author

Tarnoki, Adam Domonkos, Fejer, Bence, Tarnoki, David Laszlo, Littvay, Levente, Lucatelli, Pierleone, Cirelli, Carlo, Fanelli, Fabrizio, Sacconi, Beatrice, Fagnani, Corrado, Medda, Emanuela, Farina, Filippo, Meneghetti, Giorgio, Horvath, Tamas, Pucci, Giacomo, Schillaci, Giuseppe, Stazi, Maria Antonietta, and Baracchini, Claudio

Published
2017
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43. Heritability of cerebral arterial velocity and resistance

Author

Tarnoki, Adam Domonkos, Tarnoki, David Laszlo, Giannoni, Maria Fabrizia, Baracchini, Claudio, Meneghetti, Giorgio, Cardaioli, Gabriela, Medda, Emanuela, Stazi, Maria Antonietta, Cotichini, Rodolfo, Fagnani, Corrado, Nisticò, Lorenza, Lucatelli, Pierleone, Fanelli, Fabrizio, Berczi, Viktor, Garami, Zsolt, Littvay, Levente, and Schillaci, Giuseppe

Published
2017
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44. Inflammation, underweight, malignancy and a marked catabolic state as predictors for worse outcomes in COVID-19 patients with moderate-to-severe disease admitted to Internal Medicine Unit

Author

Guglielmi, Valeria, primary, Colangeli, Luca, additional, Scipione, Valeria, additional, Ballacci, Simona, additional, Di Stefano, Martina, additional, Hauser, Lauren, additional, Colella Bisogno, Michela, additional, D’Adamo, Monica, additional, Medda, Emanuela, additional, and Sbraccia, Paolo, additional

Published
2022
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49. Genetic Influence on Capillary Oxygen Saturation: A Twin Study

Author

Tarnoki, David Laszlo, Medda, Emanuela, Tarnoki, Adam Domonkos, Lazar, Zsofia, Fagnani, Corrado, Stazi, Maria Antonietta, Karlinger, Kinga, Torzsa, Peter, Kalabay, Laszlo, Garami, Zsolt, Berczi, Viktor, and Horvath, Ildiko

Subjects
Oxygen -- Research -- Physiological aspects, Risk factors (Health) -- Research, Heritability -- Research -- Influence, Health
Abstract

Background While heritability has been shown for daytime sleepiness, the heritability of daytime capillary oxygen saturation (SpO.sub.2) has not been described in detail. Our aim was to estimate the role of genes and environmental factors-both shared and unshared-in the variation of daytime SpO.sub.2. Methods A total of 193 adult healthy twin pairs (138 monozygotic, 55 dizygotic) were recruited in Hungary and in the United States [age = 43.6 ± 15.6 years (mean ± SD)]. SpO.sub.2 was measured by pulse oximetry. Univariate quantitative genetic modeling was performed to decompose the phenotypic variance of the considered parameter into heritability (A), shared (C), and unshared (E) environmental effects. Results SpO.sub.2 twin correlation in monozygotic twins was stronger than in dizygotic twins (0.30 and -0.15, respectively, p < 0.05). Age-, sex-, country-, and body mass index-adjusted genetic effects accounted for 26 % (95 % CI 10, 45 %) of the variance of SpO.sub.2, and the unshared environmental component explained the remaining 74 % (95 % CI 59, 89 %). No shared environmental influence on SpO.sub.2 was detected. The heritability of SpO.sub.2 was not different between smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusion In summary, individual differences in daytime SpO.sub.2 are explained by genetic and unshared environmental effects. The strong unshared environmental influence highlights the role of prevention of known environmental risk factors., Author(s): David Laszlo Tarnoki[sup.1] , Emanuela Medda[sup.2] , Adam Domonkos Tarnoki[sup.1] , Zsofia Lazar[sup.3] , Corrado Fagnani[sup.2] , Maria Antonietta Stazi[sup.2] , Kinga Karlinger[sup.1] , Peter Torzsa[sup.4] , Laszlo Kalabay[sup.4] [...]

Published
2014
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