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Abstract Background Self-neglect is a significant global public health issue, compromising the health, safety, and well-being of older adults. Despite extensive research on the prevalence and risk factors of self-neglect, the underlying psychosocial mechanisms remain underexplored. Social isolation and aging attitudes have been identified as important correlates of self-neglect; however, the precise interplay between these variables, particularly the mediating role of aging attitudes, has yet to be fully examined in the context of rural older adults. Objectives This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the relationships among social isolation, aging attitudes, and self-neglect, focusing on how aging attitudes mediate the association between social isolation and self-neglect among rural older adults living alone in China. Methods Using convenience sampling, we conducted a survey from December 2022 to February 2023 among rural older adults living alone across eight cities in Guizhou Province, Southwest China. Data were gathered using the General Information Questionnaire, Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire, Lubben Social Network Scale-6, and Scale of the Elderly Self-Neglect. Data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 and the PROCESS macro tool. Results The scores for aging attitude, social isolation, and self-neglect among older adults living alone in rural areas were 75.00 (69.00–82.00), 16.00 (12.00–21.00), and 10.00 (8.00–14.00), respectively. Social isolation was positively associated with aging attitude (r = 0.353, P

Abstract Aim Explore the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies used by nursing students between academic anxiety and procrastination. Design: A descriptive correlational design was used. Setting: This study was carried out in the faculty of nursing at the University of Alexandria. Sample: The participants in this study were all students enrolled in emergency nursing during the second semester of the academic year 2021–2022 and a convenience sampling of 654 nursing students. The Sobel test was used as a statistical method to determine the significance of a mediation effect by assessing whether the relationship between perceived academic anxiety and procrastination was significantly reduced when cognitive emotion regulation was included, using coefficients and standard errors from regression models to calculate the test statistic. Tools: Academic Anxiety Scale, Academic Procrastination Scale, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used to collect data. Results The study found that 46.5% of students reported high anxiety levels, with 40.1% perceiving moderate anxiety and only 11.3% experiencing low anxiety. Moreover, 80.4% of nursing students showed moderate academic procrastination. There is a positive correlation between procrastination and academic anxiety, with Adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies mediating this relationship, according to the Sobel test. Conclusion Based on the results, it can be concluded that there is a complex causal and effect relationship between academic anxiety and procrastination. Nursing students may resort to academic procrastination as a means of coping. Therefore, reducing anxiety, correcting maladaptive behaviors, and enhancing adaptive cognitive and emotional regulation strategies could effectively reduce academic procrastination.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of principals' autocratic and democratic leadership characteristics on job satisfaction, according to teachers' perceptions, and to determine the mediating roles of organizational trust and organizational justice in this relationship. The hypotheses of the research were tested on 568 teachers working in public schools affiliated with the Ministry of Education in the central districts of Mersin province in the 2021-2022 academic year, which was determined as the sample. The research was conducted originally and not inspired by a thesis study. According to the results obtained from the research, there is a negative significant relationship between autocratic leadership and job satisfaction, and organizational trust and organizational justice play a full mediating role in this relationship. While there is a positive and significant relationship between democratic leadership and job satisfaction, organizational trust and organizational justice play a full mediating role in this relationship. It can be mentioned that the leadership characteristics of school principals have an impact on teachers' job satisfaction and that organizational justice and organizational trust play a role in this relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Explore the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies used by nursing students between academic anxiety and procrastination. Design: A descriptive correlational design was used. Setting: This study was carried out in the faculty of nursing at the University of Alexandria. Sample: The participants in this study were all students enrolled in emergency nursing during the second semester of the academic year 2021–2022 and a convenience sampling of 654 nursing students. The Sobel test was used as a statistical method to determine the significance of a mediation effect by assessing whether the relationship between perceived academic anxiety and procrastination was significantly reduced when cognitive emotion regulation was included, using coefficients and standard errors from regression models to calculate the test statistic. Tools: Academic Anxiety Scale, Academic Procrastination Scale, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used to collect data. Results: The study found that 46.5% of students reported high anxiety levels, with 40.1% perceiving moderate anxiety and only 11.3% experiencing low anxiety. Moreover, 80.4% of nursing students showed moderate academic procrastination. There is a positive correlation between procrastination and academic anxiety, with Adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies mediating this relationship, according to the Sobel test. Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that there is a complex causal and effect relationship between academic anxiety and procrastination. Nursing students may resort to academic procrastination as a means of coping. Therefore, reducing anxiety, correcting maladaptive behaviors, and enhancing adaptive cognitive and emotional regulation strategies could effectively reduce academic procrastination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A tiny city-state, Singapore has perceived its vulnerability as rooted in its miniscule size, limited resources, and geopolitical setting. Not directly involved in the competition between great powers, Singapore has hedged between the dominant powers of the Indo-Pacific for survival. This article introduces the concept of principled hedging, as opposed to desultory or indiscriminate hedging. It adds that Singapore's role of mediator, which counterintuitively challenges its hedging strategy by involving itself in regional and great-power geopolitics and taking sides based on the key principles of non-interventionism and observance of international law, allows Singapore to carve out for itself maximum space in diplomacy and geopolitics. Singapore also mediates between great powers and pursues the role of international middleperson and host of high-profile summits to assert its identity, not only for branding and public diplomacy but also for pushing China and the United States to reach a kind of détente so that it does not have to take sides explicitly. Singapore strictly adheres to the principles of non-interventionism and observance of international law, developing not only a collective position through the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) but also an independent role of mediator between China and the United States. By playing the role of mediator, Singapore has projected an image of impartiality, pragmatism, and rationality that plays into the strategic considerations of great powers and offers opportunities for independent policymaking and self-expression of geopolitical views. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectivesEnhancing career decision-making self-efficacy is an effective approach to improving university graduates' employment quality and speed. This study aims to explore the relationships among physical activity, career decision-making self-efficacy, self-control, and social anxiety to provide new perspectives and directions for enhancing university students' career decision-making self-efficacy.MethodsWithin the framework of this research endeavor, a cohort of 1,955 university students (N = 1,955) from 14 universities distributed throughout China was surveyed. The initial data was entered and stored by means of Microsoft Excel. Subsequently, SPSS version 26.0 was employed to execute a comprehensive set of statistical analyses on the data, including descriptive statistics, a normality test, a reliability test, an exploratory factor analysis (aimed at addressing common method bias), a correlation test, and a regression analysis. In the present study, a structural equation model was formulated via the utilization of AMOS 24.0 software, and the Bootstrap approach was implemented. A total of 5,000 samples were randomly drawn for the purpose of validating the research hypotheses, with the determination being based on whether the 95% confidence interval encompassed the value of 0.Results(1) Physical activity was found to positively predict career decision-making self-efficacy, as evidenced by (Estimate = 0.590, p < 0.001). (2) Self-control was demonstrated to play a mediating role in the connection between physical activity and career decision-making self-efficacy, with the effect indicated by (Estimate = 0.075, 95%CI(0.042, 0.113)]. (3) Social anxiety was likewise shown to assume a mediating role within the relationship between physical activity and career decision-making self-efficacy, as manifested by [Estimate = 0.009, 95%CI(0.002, 0.020)]. (4) A chain mediating effect was observed between physical activity and career decision-making self-efficacy for the combination of self-control and social anxiety, with [Estimate = 0.032, 95%CI(0.008, 0.057)].ConclusionThese findings provided significant theoretical support for physical activity as an effective means to enhance university students' career decision-making self-efficacy and offered references for designing sports activity programs. Furthermore, this study offered new perspectives and directions for understanding and enhancing university students' career decision-making self-efficacy.

Strategic agility (hereinafter SA) is a continuous development activity and a critical component of organizational performance (hereinafter OP), and the role of market orientation (hereinafter MO) and innovation capabilities (hereinafter IC) are central to achieving organizational objectives. This study was conducted to examine the effect of SA on OP and to determine the extent to which MO and IC mediate the relationship between SA and OP. A quantitative approach was conducted using a cross-sectional method. 300 Managers working in various companies listed in in Saudi Arabia represented the research population. In this study, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the proposed model, following a two-stage approach that entails a measurement model and a causal structural model. To test our hypotheses, we examined our measurements using IBM SPSS AMOS 29. The results revealed that neither SA nor IC have a direct effect on OP. Importantly, MO plays a key role in this dynamic relationship and therefore forges critical connections. Because of the natural tendency of IC’ outcomes, this factor was found to be insignificant in influencing OP either directly or indirectly. This study is the first empirical research to adequately employ MO and IC as mediating units of analysis in the Saudi Industrial Sector. It has established relationship patterns between these focal variables. In addition, it revealed hidden patterns that help predict performance. This research has considerable implications for R&D and marketing managers. It provides insights and predictions managers can use to guide business decisions. These findings contribute to the understanding of the importance of employing strategic MO to improve OP in the Saudi Industrial Sector.

Abstract Background The reactive aggressive behavior in individuals typically shows a rapid growth trend as individuals enter adolescence, and peaks during middle-school period. According to the Comprehensive Cognitive Model of Trait Anger, trait anger and hostile attribution bias play important roles in the development of reactive aggressive behavior. Based on this, current study explored the relationship between trait anger and reactive aggressive behavior in middle school students, as well as the mediating role of hostile attribution bias and interventions. Methods The current study consisted of three sub-studies. Study 1 recruited 87 middle school students with an average age of 12.367 ± 0.889 years, investigated the relationship between trait anger and reactive aggressive behavior, as well as the mediating role of trait hostile attribution bias. Study 2 recruited 62 middle school students with an average age of 13.376 ± 0.963 years, investigated the relationship between trait anger and reactive aggressive behavior, as well as the mediating role of state hostile attribution bias. Study 3 recruited 80 middle school students with an average age of 13.392 ± 0.977 years, implemented an intervention targeting trait hostile attribution bias in middle school students with high trait anger to reduce their reactive aggressive behavior. In current study, data management was performed using SPSS 22.0. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and path analysis were used for statistical analysis. Findings The results of Study 1 showed that trait anger predicted reactive aggressive behavior through trait hostile attribution bias. The results of Study 2 indicated that trait and state hostile attribution bias played mediating role intermediary, and trait hostile attribution bias had a stronger mediating effect than state hostile attribution bias. The results of Study 3 suggested that the intervention effectively decreased trait hostile attribution bias and reactive aggressive behavior. Conclusions Trait anger can predict the reactive aggressive behavior of junior high school students, with trait hostility attribution bias and state hostility attribution bias mediating this relationship. Intervening in the hostility attribution bias of high-anger junior high school students can effectively reduce their reactive aggressive behavior.

It is importance of improving the digital literacy of teachers is crucial with the rapid integration of technology in education, effective training programs are critical. However, their success largely depends on the motivation of the participants. The purpose of this study is to determine the mediating role of the work motivation variable on the effect of the training variable on the digital literacy variable so that there are two independent variables and one dependent variable. The number of samples used was 73 teachers in Palembang. To collect data, a questionnaire technique was used. Using the Smart PLS 3.0 structural equation modeling technique, the hypothesized relationships in this study were tested. This study found that: 1) training had a positive and significant effect on teacher motivation; 2) work motivation had a positive and significant effect on teacher digital literacy; 3) training had a positive and significant effect on teacher digital literacy; and 4) work motivation had a mediating effect on the relationship between training and teacher digital literacy. These results highlight the importance of fostering a motivational climate to maximize the benefits of training programs. Implications for educational policy and practice are discussed, emphasizing the need for strategies that not only provide training but also actively engage and motivate teachers to enhance their digital competencies.

It is widely known controversies about the results of violent video game increase aggression. However, the role of competitive video games, has received less research attention, and the underlying mechanisms of their influence are unknown. This study aimed to expand the existing literature by systematically exploring the effects of competitive video game exposure on adolescent aggression and the mediating role of impulsivity. In so doing, three types of studies (collectively N = 2919, mean age varied from 13.75 to 15.44 years, with a balanced gender) combining cross-sectional, experimental, and longitudinal approaches, were conducted. The findings consistently show that competitive video game exposure increased adolescents' aggression and impulsivity. Also, impulsivity mediated the correlation and long-term effect of competitive video game exposure on aggression. However, the experimental study did not confirm the short-term mediating effect of impulsivity, which may be related to the type of aggression measured in the study. The results indicate that competitive video game exposure is an important antecedent factor for adolescent aggression, and impulsivity is the key underlying mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The reactive aggressive behavior in individuals typically shows a rapid growth trend as individuals enter adolescence, and peaks during middle-school period. According to the Comprehensive Cognitive Model of Trait Anger, trait anger and hostile attribution bias play important roles in the development of reactive aggressive behavior. Based on this, current study explored the relationship between trait anger and reactive aggressive behavior in middle school students, as well as the mediating role of hostile attribution bias and interventions. Methods: The current study consisted of three sub-studies. Study 1 recruited 87 middle school students with an average age of 12.367 ± 0.889 years, investigated the relationship between trait anger and reactive aggressive behavior, as well as the mediating role of trait hostile attribution bias. Study 2 recruited 62 middle school students with an average age of 13.376 ± 0.963 years, investigated the relationship between trait anger and reactive aggressive behavior, as well as the mediating role of state hostile attribution bias. Study 3 recruited 80 middle school students with an average age of 13.392 ± 0.977 years, implemented an intervention targeting trait hostile attribution bias in middle school students with high trait anger to reduce their reactive aggressive behavior. In current study, data management was performed using SPSS 22.0. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and path analysis were used for statistical analysis. Findings: The results of Study 1 showed that trait anger predicted reactive aggressive behavior through trait hostile attribution bias. The results of Study 2 indicated that trait and state hostile attribution bias played mediating role intermediary, and trait hostile attribution bias had a stronger mediating effect than state hostile attribution bias. The results of Study 3 suggested that the intervention effectively decreased trait hostile attribution bias and reactive aggressive behavior. Conclusions: Trait anger can predict the reactive aggressive behavior of junior high school students, with trait hostility attribution bias and state hostility attribution bias mediating this relationship. Intervening in the hostility attribution bias of high-anger junior high school students can effectively reduce their reactive aggressive behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study conducted a questionnaire survey to examine the influence mechanism of perceived management commitment on the safety compliance and participation of graduate students and to verify the mediating role of psychological capital. The questionnaire was distributed to graduate students through the MyCOS network platform. SPSS was used to conduct reliability and validity tests, test, correlation analysis, and bootstrapping mediation effect test. The results demonstrated that the perceived management commitment has a positive effect on both safety compliance and safety participation, with psychological capital as the mediating role. This study explains how graduate students' perceived management commitment from their supervisors influences their safety behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Industrial Revolution has significantly impacted education, making mathematics instructors crucial in preparing students for the demands of the industrial era. Purpose: This research seeks to explore the correlation between mathematics teacher cooperation and readiness to face the era of the Industrial Revolution, with a specific focus on the mediating effect of identity. Design/Methodology/Approach: This research utilized a quantitative research design and collected data through surveys administered to school math instructors. The surveys assess the level of cooperation among mathematics teachers, their readiness to adapt to the challenges of the Industrial Revolution era, and their individual identities as teachers. Statistical analyses, including correlation and mediation analyses, are employed to examine the relationships among the variables. Findings: Preliminary findings indicate a positive correlation between mathematics teacher cooperation and readiness to face the Industrial Revolution era. Moreover, the mediating effect of identity suggests that a strong sense of professional identity among mathematics teachers enhances their cooperation and subsequently contributes to their readiness to adapt to the changing educational landscape. Conclusion: This research highlights the importance of fostering a strong professional identity among mathematics teachers to foster cooperation and preparedness. It provides insights for policymakers, school administrators, and educators to develop strategies to promote collaboration and professional development in the Industrial Revolution era. Contribution to Literature: This study enhances understanding of the relationship between mathematics teacher cooperation, identity, and readiness during the Industrial Revolution era, highlighting the importance of teacher identity formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to ascertain if purchase interest can mediate the relationship between green marketing and religiosity and purchase decisions, as well as the impact of both on purchasing decisions. Data analysis is the research methodology employed in this study, with a focus on users who actively purchase products from Starbucks. The sample size of 144 persons was chosen using a purposive sampling technique; the population number is unknown. In this study, the SEM-PLS approach was employed, and SmartPLS 4 was utilized for data processing. The study's findings show that: Green marketing influences purchase interest; religion has no effect on purchase interest; religious beliefs have an impact on purchase decisions; and purchase interest has an impact on purchase decisions. Purchase Interest affects decisions about purchases; it also mediates the impact of green marketing on decisions about purchases; however, it does not mediate the impact of religiosity on decisions about purchases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of electronic advertising in Saudi Arabia. The main purpose of this research is to explore the impact of internet advertising on companies’ visits to stores through an exploratory study. The systematization of literary sources and approaches for solving electronic advertising problems indicates that new mediating and moderating variables could have an impact on the relation between Internet advertising and visits to stores. In this research, the disposition to visit the point of sale is assimilated as a mediating construct rather than an implication with the product as a moderating variable. The relevance of this scientific problem decision is that this investigation of the consequences of electronic advertising for offline customer comportment in Saudi Arabia is unprecedented research that seeks to address this interesting question. The investigation of the role of online advertising and the impact of mediating and moderating variables on the visit to the store in the paper was carried out in the following logical sequence: the data were collected via an electronic survey. Of the 500 randomly selected Internet users in Saudi Arabia, only 350 responses were valid. This research used a structural equation model and multigroup analysis to examine the direct and indirect influences of variables. This paper presents the results of an empirical analysis that revealed a positive relation between internet advertising and visits to points of sale. The disposition to visit the point of sale mediates the relationship between Internet advertising and concrete visits to the store. The effect of the product moderates the effect of internet advertising on the disposition to visit the point of sale in Saudi Arabia. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that Saudi shoppers fine online advertising to be attractive when this advertising must have some actions and concepts flash. Therefore, Saudi directors should follow this form and use an effective mixture of content and animation. The e-shoppers who are involved are persons who have little engagement; for this reason, they are simply concerned about the tools of the publicity communication.

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of electronic advertising in Saudi Arabia. The main purpose of this research is to explore the impact of internet advertising on companies' visits to stores through an exploratory study. The systematization of literary sources and approaches for solving electronic advertising problems indicates that new mediating and moderating variables could have an impact on the relation between Internet advertising and visits to stores. In this research, the disposition to visit the point of sale is assimilated as a mediating construct rather than an implication with the product as a moderating variable. The relevance of this scientific problem decision is that this investigation of the consequences of electronic advertising for offline customer comportment in Saudi Arabia is unprecedented research that seeks to address this interesting question. The investigation of the role of online advertising and the impact of mediating and moderating variables on the visit to the store in the paper was carried out in the following logical sequence: the data were collected via an electronic survey. Of the 500 randomly selected Internet users in Saudi Arabia, only 350 responses were valid. This research used a structural equation model and multigroup analysis to examine the direct and indirect influences of variables. This paper presents the results of an empirical analysis that revealed a positive relation between internet advertising and visits to points of sale. The disposition to visit the point of sale mediates the relationship between Internet advertising and concrete visits to the store. The effect of the product moderates the effect of internet advertising on the disposition to visit the point of sale in Saudi Arabia. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that Saudi shoppers fine online advertising to be attractive when this advertising must have some actions and concepts flash. Therefore, Saudi directors should follow this form and use an effective mixture of content and animation. The e-shoppers who are involved are persons who have little engagement; for this reason, they are simply concerned about the tools of the publicity communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines specific aspects of organizational performance within the Indonesian Navy (TNI AL), with a particular focus on the Marine Corps, essential for safeguarding Indonesia's maritime sovereignty. Utilizing quantitative methods and a survey approach, data was gathered from middle officers serving across 11 Marine Corps units over the past 5 years. Findings indicate that strategic leadership style, career development, and strategic competence of human resources significantly influence organizational performance within the Marine Corps. These factors, alongside organizational culture, are pivotal in shaping and sustaining performance levels. Importantly, the research underscores the importance of understanding these dynamics for Marine Corps management to enhance performance and achieve long-term objectives, particularly in navigating the complexities of globalization. Additionally, while rooted in the context of the Indonesian Navy, the implications of these findings extend to broader organizational settings, highlighting their potential applicability beyond the specific context of the TNI AL and Marine Corps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundIn China， the structure shift from just one-child family to both one-child and more-than-one-child families is happening. Exploring how the sibling relationships effect between adolescent personality impulsivity and aggressivity is of great significance for promoting adolescent mental health as well as maintaining social harmony and stability.ObjectiveTo investigate the effecting path of sibling relationships between personality impulsivity and aggressivity in adolescents， so as to provide references for the prevention of violent and aggressive behavior in adolescents.MethodsFrom February to April， 2023， a total of 1 200 students with sibling relationships from 12 primary and secondary schools in a county of Sichuan province were included by random sampling. Barratt Impulsivity Scale （BIS-11）， Chinese Version of Buss & Perry Aggression Questionnaire （AQ-CV）， and Sibling Relationship Questionnaire （SRQ） were used for cross-sectional investigation. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the scores of these scales. Bootstrap method was used to test the effecting path of sibling relationships between personality impulsivity and aggressivity.ResultsThe total score of BIS-11 was positively correlated with that of AQ-CV as well as the scores of conflict and competition dimensions in SRQ （r=0.485、0.276、0.280，P

Self-efficacy theory assumes that students' efficacy beliefs affect their performance through process variables, including behavior, cognition, and affection. The purpose of this study was to utilize self-efficacy theory as a theoretical framework to propose a conceptual model of a mediating relationship among perceived motor skill competence, successful practice trials, and motor skill performance in physical education. In addition, the authors reviewed the literature to provide evidence to support the potential mediating relationship by following the steps recommended by Baron and Kenny. This paper is significant because the authors integrated the literature of motor development/learning and physical education pedagogy to propose a conceptual model where successful practice trials would act as a behavioral mediator through which perceived motor skill competence affects students' motor skill performance. This conceptual model can guide future research to identify students' behaviors affecting their skill development, thus helping teachers develop pedagogies to improve motor skill performance in physical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals' health and their propensity to engage in health-promoting behavior are strongly related. According to the temporal perspective, health-promoting behavior involves self-regulation toward a distal health objective. Time-related personality traits appear to contribute uniquely to health-promoting behavior. The aim of this study was to measure the relationship between time-related personality (future focus and trait procrastination) and health-promoting behavior, and to assess the mediating role of health consciousness in the relationship. In this study, 525 Chinese college students (mean age: 19.13, SD=0.95) were surveyed. They completed the Temporal Focus Scale, the Short General Procrastination Scale, the Health Consciousness Scale, and the Adolescent Health Promoting Scale. The results showed that future focus and trait procrastination were related to health awareness and health-promoting behavior. Mediating analysis suggests that health consciousness plays a mediating role in time-related personality and health-promoting behavior. The conclusions indicate that an improvement in health consciousness can reduce the influence of future focus and trait procrastination, enhance health-promoting behavior and reduce the risk of chronic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Sichuan Mental Health is the property of Sichuan Mental Health Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on theoretical and empirical evidence, this study examined the longitudinal relationship between problematic smartphone use and bedtime procrastination and the potential mediating role of self-control. Between November 2021 and November 2022, a three waves longitudinal design was employed. Wave 1 included 622 Chinese college students (46.95% male, M age = 18.16, SD = 0.73), with 6-month intervals between waves. The data was collected using self-report assessments. The results of the cross-lagged panel models show that problematic smartphone use positively predicted later bedtime procrastination, and the bedtime procrastination also positively predicted later problematic smartphone use among college students. More importantly, self-control played a mediating role in their bidirectional predictive relationship. These findings add to the understanding of the causal relationship between problematic smartphone use and bedtime procrastination and reveal the core psychological mechanisms underlying their vicious cycle, with important practical implications for the prevention and intervention of problematic smartphone use and sleep problems. • Chinese college students completed three surveys at three time periods. • Results showed smartphone addiction increased bedtime procrastination. • Reciprocally, bedtime procrastination increased smartphone addiction. • Self-control was the core psychological mechanisms underlying the vicious cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although entrepreneur characteristics and competitive strategy are dominant constructs within business studies, there is still no consensus about how they act jointly to influence firm performance. The paper, therefore, tries to expand the understanding of the joint and individual effects of entrepreneur characteristics and competitive strategy on firm performance in the context of resource-based view advancing that sustainable competitive advantage can be obtained by being in possession of strategically relevant resources and capabilities. The sample units are selected using stratified random sampling procedures and data collected by administering a questionnaire to 314 entrepreneurs dealing with non-timber forest products in Kenya. The data is analysed using multiple linear regression analyses. The results reveal that: (1) a significant relationship exists between entrepreneur characteristics and firm performance before the introduction of competitive strategy in the relationship; (2) a non-significant relationship prevails between entrepreneur characteristics and firm performance after the introduction of competitive strategy; (3) entrepreneur characteristics influence competitive strategy; and (4) competitive strategy influences firm performance. The observations meet conditions defined for mediating effect. It is concluded that the relationship between entrepreneur characteristics and firm performance is indirect and hidden requiring mediation of strategy. Thus, an integrated fit between the entrepreneur and strategy improves firm performance. The findings strengthen arguments advanced by the resource-based view that firms can obtain sustainable competitive advantage through their strategically relevant resources. The theoretical contribution of the study is the integrated approach and review of the multidimensional alignment of strategy with entrepreneur characteristics of education, skills and experience that depict the knowledge capital and entrepreneur's age and gender to improve performance. The study provides entrepreneurs/managers with insights on the importance of aligning their strategies to resources possessed for better performance. It is important that entrepreneurs strengthen their knowledge capital to formulate and implement successful strategies for better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The study explores the unaddressed washback on the English-speaking test of the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination (HKDSE-English Language Paper 4). The HKDSE is a university entrance exam in Hong Kong which includes a group discussion speaking test known as English Language Paper 4. To identify ongoing washback effects, including sociocultural perspectives, the study analyses ongoing student washback of test-specific and non-specific preparation and how the mediating factors affect these preparations. One-hundred and ninety-nine secondary 4th to 6th grade students provided the questionnaire data in two rounds. Results from exploratory factor analysis indicate six major types of test preparation, which are categorised as two test specific, three non-specific, and one integrated type of preparation. Mediating factors comprise five categories of learner characteristics and stakeholders in and out of school. The cluster analyses identified four students’ groups intertwined with the involvement of washback and the mediating factors. A strong relationship between extrinsic factors and explicit learning and intrinsic factors and implicit learning was found. The study concludes that students’ washback is affected by mediating factors aside from the test; learning method choice by students (e.g. learning from entertainment content) has a strong relationship with specific mediating factors (e.g. interest in English).

Introduction: Burnout of college athletes affects the sports performance of college athletes, etc., and plays an important role in the career development of college athletes. China attaches great importance to the mental health development of college athletes, but the influence mechanism of college athlete burnout has not received attention. This study explored the relationship between cumulative family risk, negative affect, and athlete burnout in college athletes. Methods: Data on 824 college athletes from more than 40 universities in China were collected through convenient sampling, using questionnaires including Cumulative Family Risk Scale, Athlete Burnout Questionnaire, and Negative Affect Scale. Results: The results of the structural equation model show that cumulative family risk has a significant positive effect on college athlete burnout. Cumulative family risk has a significant positive effect on the negative affect of college athletes. Negative affect also plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between cumulative family risk and college athlete burnout. Discussion: These results suggest that cumulative family risk directly or indirectly affects collegiate athlete burnout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health literacy (MHL) is essential to mental health. Symptoms of depression and anxiety are significant antecedents and closely related to suicide among college students. Few studies have explored the mediating role of depressive and anxiety symptoms between MHL and suicidal ideation. 5578 college students were included in the analysis. The online Wenjuanxing platform was used to collect data from November 2020 to March 2021. The bootstrapping method was used to test the mediating role of depressive and anxiety symptoms in the links between MHL and suicidal ideation. Approximately 18.8 % of Chinese college students in our study reported having suicidal ideation. MHL exhibited a significant and negative correlation with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and suicidal ideation, whereas depressive and anxiety symptoms correlated significantly and positively with suicidal ideation. Compared with the lowest MHL quartile, the 3rd and 4th quartiles of MHL were associated with a significantly lower risk of suicidal ideation after adjusting for various confounding factors. Depressive and anxiety symptoms partially mediated the relationship between MHL and suicidal ideation, and the mediating effect of depressive symptoms was significantly greater than that of anxiety symptoms. This study was a cross-sectional survey. Future longitudinal studies on this relation are needed. Depressive and anxiety symptoms mediate the relationship between MHL and suicidal ideation. Comprehensive school-based specific psychological education programs are needed to improve college students' MHL and change their attitudes toward mental health services. • About 18.8% of college students have considered suicide in the past 12 months. • Mental health literacy exhibited a significant and negative correlation with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and suicidal ideation. • Depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms partially mediated the relationship between MHL and suicidal ideation, and the mediating effect of depressive symptoms was significantly greater than that of anxiety symptoms. • Females may be more susceptible than males to the anxiety-induced suicide pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study explores the unaddressed washback on the English-speaking test of the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination (HKDSE-English Language Paper 4). The HKDSE is a university entrance exam in Hong Kong which includes a group discussion speaking test known as English Language Paper 4. To identify ongoing washback effects, including sociocultural perspectives, the study analyses ongoing student washback of test-specific and non-specific preparation and how the mediating factors affect these preparations. One-hundred and ninety-nine secondary 4th to 6th grade students provided the questionnaire data in two rounds. Results from exploratory factor analysis indicate six major types of test preparation, which are categorised as two test specific, three non-specific, and one integrated type of preparation. Mediating factors comprise five categories of learner characteristics and stakeholders in and out of school. The cluster analyses identified four students' groups intertwined with the involvement of washback and the mediating factors. A strong relationship between extrinsic factors and explicit learning and intrinsic factors and implicit learning was found. The study concludes that students' washback is affected by mediating factors aside from the test; learning method choice by students (e.g. learning from entertainment content) has a strong relationship with specific mediating factors (e.g. interest in English). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nightmares are common in patients with psychiatric disorders. Patients with psychiatric disorders often experience depressive symptoms. Nightmares have been associated with depressive symptoms among adolescents. Previous studies have explored the mediating role of nightmare distress in the relationship between frequent nightmares and depressive symptoms in the general adolescent population. We aimed to explore the associations between frequent nightmares, nightmare distress, and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescent patients with psychiatric disorders. A total of 408 adolescents participated in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure nightmare frequency, nightmare distress, depressive symptoms, and covariates. Linear regressions and mediation analyses were performed to examine the associations between nightmare frequency, nightmare distress, and depressive symptoms. The mean age of participants was 15.31 ± 1.88 years, and 152 (37.3%) were boys. The prevalence of frequent nightmares in adolescent patients with psychosis was 49.3%. Girls reported more frequent nightmares and had significantly higher scores of depressive symptoms and nightmare distress. Patients with frequent nightmares had higher scores of nightmare distress and depressive symptoms. Frequent nightmares and nightmare distress were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Nightmare distress had a full mediating effect on the correlation between frequent nightmares and depressive symptoms. In Chinese adolescent patients with psychiatric disorders, frequent nightmares and nightmare distress were associated with depressive symptoms, whereas the association between frequent nightmares and depressive symptoms was mediated by nightmare distress. Interventions for nightmare distress may be more useful in reducing depressive symptoms in adolescent patients with psychiatric disorders. • Frequent nightmares are prevalent in adolescent psychiatric patients. • Girls have more frequent nightmares, nightmare distress and depressive symptoms. • Frequent nightmares mean more nightmare distress and depressive symptoms. • Nightmare distress, a mediator between frequent nightmares and depressive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Ethical climate is an important organizational characteristic that affects employees' thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors. The voice of the nurses, one of the fundamental employees of the hospitals, is very valuable both in terms of the organizations they work in and the safety of their patients. However, the relationship between hospital ethical climate and voice behavior remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the ethical climate on oncology nurses' voice behaviors, considering courage as a mediator. Material and Methods: This study was designed as a predictive cross-sectional study. The sample of this study consisted of 71 registered nurses who were employed as staff nurses in inpatient care services in Hacettepe University Oncology Hospital between October and December 2018. Results: There is a positive and significant relation between the hospital's ethical climate and oncology nurses' voice behaviors, and that courage has a positive partial mediating effect. Conclusion: Since the relationship between a hospital's ethical climate and nurses' voice behavior contains many different variables, courage can be deemed a mediator in this relationship, but courage is not may directly be effective on its own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile learning has extensively influenced students' learning gains and motivation due to the hardware and software development of mobile devices and applications in recent decades. On-the-go learning increases the capacity for flexible and joyful learning and guarantees access to the instructional content anywhere, anytime. Despite their potential benefits, the presence of mobile applications in students' every educational activity can be detrimental to their cognitive abilities as misuse or overuse of specific applications may influence students' concentration and critical thinking. One such downside is reported for overusing automatic spelling correction software, known as AutoCorrect (AC), in language learning. Uncertainty regarding the educational values of AC has increased as students' spelling skills and vocabulary knowledge have declined. The main problem this study addressed is examining the relationship between EFL learners' AC use and their vocabulary size; and if their academic self-regulation mediates this association. Data were gathered from 101 foreign language learners who completed the measures of AC use, academic self-regulation, and vocabulary size. The results showed significant positive correlations between AC use, vocabulary size, and self-regulation. Further, testing the model supported a mediating role for self-regulation in the relationship between AC use and vocabulary size, suggesting that AC use can lead to more knowledge of English words in the condition of deploying self-regulatory strategies. The study signifies how academic selfregulation can assist learners in exploiting mobile learning (m-learning) to their advantage and attaining their educational goals more efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study would investigate the role of self-perceived burden in mediating the relationship between pain social support and kinesiophobia. A convenience sampling method was used to survey 386 older patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a hospital in Liaoning Province. They were surveyed using the general demographic questionnaire, pain social support scale (SPQ), self-perceived burden scale (SPBS), and tampa scale of kinesiophobia(TSK-11). Pain social support had a negative correlation with kinesiophobia(r =-0.336, p < 0.01). The self-perceived burden was positively correlated with kinesiophobia(r = 0.583, p < 0.01). The mediating effect of self-perceived burden accounted for 43.40% of the total effect. The study had shown the mediating role of self-perceived burden to be beneficial in reducing kinesiophobia in older rheumatoid arthritis patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic had a large consequence on healthcare systems, increasing the risks of psychological issues in health professionals. Nurses, in particular, have been exposed to multiple psychosocial stressors and struggled with intensive work, insufficiency of resources and uncertainty in the face of an unknown disease. Life satisfaction might protect nurses from the consequences of chronic stress. The aim of this study was to explore the mediating role of satisfaction with life in the relationship between depression, stress, anxiety and burnout (personal, work-related, and client-related). Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study design was performed, using an online questionnaire distributed via social networks. A total of 379 nurses completed the survey, comprising standardized measures of satisfaction with life, resilience (Resilience Scale), depression, anxiety, stress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales), and burnout (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory Scale). A hierarchical regression model was estimated for each burnout dimension. Results Participants showed high levels of work, personal and client-related burnout, 57.3%, 57%, and 35.1%, respectively. More than 70% of the respondents had a normal level of depressive symptoms, 66.8% presented normal level of anxiety and 33.5% of the respondents reported mild, moderate, severe or extremely severe symptoms of stress. The results revealed that life satisfaction partially mediated the association between stress and personal burnout, depression and work-related burnout, and the association between anxiety and client-related burnout in nurses. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic brought added difficulties for nurses’ work conditions, whereby it became necessary to develop adaptative measures that reduce stressors in work environment and promote nurses’ life satisfaction.

Environmental behavior and recycle behavior both are related to having emotional intelligence by the way of thinking environment. Recent studies about the environment and recycle behavior paid attention to human’s individual sensitiveness as environmental value, west management, or environmental protection. However, the influences of emotional intelligence on behavioral satisfaction were left out. To fill this gap, the current study investigates the association emotional intelligence on behavioral satisfaction among university students, and recycle behavior mediates this association. The model is empirically tested with data collected from 477 participants of university students by questionnaire. Dataset adopts the method of structural equation modeling to explore the mediating role of recycle behavior between emotional intelligence and behavioral satisfaction. Results indicate that participants’ emotional intelligence toward environmental behaviors positively affects their behavior satisfaction, and in this result, recycle behavior has mediating affect between emotional intelligence and behavior satisfaction.

This systematic review paper aims to provide an overview of the content literature review of integrated reporting in the following categories: (1) the methodology approach used; (2) the mediating-mediator factors of integrated reporting. Using a systematic literature review design based on PRISMA guidelines, the data were collected from selected databases (google scholar). The study reviewed 52 papers. The timeframe of the study was from 2017 until 2023 (May). The findings of the reviewed articles showed that the majority of the papers were published in Emerald publisher journals (25). The highest number of articles were published in 2022 (25 articles). Most of the papers employed a quantitative research design and selected secondary data that was followed by a mixed-method research design. The moderator and mediating factors found in the reviewed articles were needs for external financing, corporate Social responsibility, earnings per share (EPS), firm complexity, financial leverage (low but significant), environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance reporting, board gender diversity and family firms, CEO integrity, and CEO power, while only two mediating factors were found: Integrated reporting, and firms' reputation. Based on the findings, the study suggests several implications and suggestions for delivering better knowledge of integrated reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous school bullying was associated with increased risk of depression in students. However, little was known about the role of the Big Five personality traits in this association. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible mediation by the Big Five personality traits in this association in a large group of Chinese college students, and to provide help for educators to prevent students from serious psychological and mental diseases caused by school bullying. Random stratified cluster sampling was used to survey 2152 college students ranging from freshmen to seniors at three universities in Qiqihar city, Heilongjiang Province, China. The risk factors for previous school bullying included gender, living expenses per month, caregivers, parents often quarreling, and divorced parents. Males were more likely to be bullied at school than females. The influencing factors of depression include gender, caregivers, living expenses per month, frequent parents quarreling, and parental divorce. Females were more prone to depression than males. Depression was significantly correlated with all dimensions of school bullying and the Big Five personality traits (p < 0.05). The Big Five personality traits were found to play a significant mediating role between depression and school bullying in up to 45% of cases involving depression. Our major findings highlighted the promising role of personality-based intervention measures in reducing the risk of depression associated with school bullying in Chinese students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Family function is a protective factor for mental health status in IBD patients; however, the underlying processes are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the mediating influence of self-esteem on family functioning and mental health. Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised a total of 133 IBD patients who were assessed for family function (APGAR) and depression symptoms. (PHQ-9), anxiety symptoms. (GAD-7) and self-esteem (RSES) via self-administered questionnaires. Mediating effects were tested using the SPSS Process program with bootstrap. Results: The total score of PHQ-9 was 7.44 ±5.54. The total score of GAD-7 was 6.15±4.78. Significant associations were identifiedamong family function, self-esteem, depression, and anxiety symptoms. Results revealed a significant indirect effect, suggesting that the effects of family function on depression and anxiety symptoms were mediated by self-esteem; the indirect effects percentages were 41.63 and 29.25 Conclusion: These results indicate that the family function of IBD patients can predict their mental health condition. As self-esteem is a mediating element, which may have been influenced by family function, mental health status is indirectly affected. Therefore, promoting the self-esteem of IBD patients is crucial for facilitating long-term mental wellness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: Despite that nursing college students are more diverse than those in other majors, many nurses experience interpersonal problems and difficulties in the process of forming relationships and contacting various people. The purpose of this study is to understand the mediating effects of aggression on the process of ego-resilience in interpersonal problems in nursing college students. (2) Methods: The subjects of this study were 182 nursing college students attending university in D metropolitan city. Data were collected from 23 October to 9 November 2018. The measurements were carried out using the Ego-Resiliency Scale, the Aggression Questionnaire—Korean Version (AQ-K), and the short form of the KIIP Complex Scale (KIIP-SC). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and ANOVA. The methods of Baron and Kenny were used to verify the significance of the mediating effect. (3) Results: There were significant correlations among ego-resiliency, aggression, and interpersonal problems. Aggression had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between ego-resiliency and interpersonal problems, and aggression was explained to a level of 23%. (4) Conclusions: To lower interpersonal problems among nursing students, it is necessary to develop education and programs to improve ego-resiliency and to control aggression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Aimed to analyze the mediating eect of executive function between physical activity level and trait anxiety in college students. Methods: The International Physical Activity Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Stroop task, 1-back task, and More-odd shifting task were used to analyze 248 college students. Results: Trait anxiety were significantly correlated with shifting function (r = 0.182, P = 0.004) and inhibition function (r = 0.163, P = 0.010) and not with working memory (r = 0.056, P = 0.385). Vigorous physical activity (VPA) was most highly correlated with inhibition function (Beta = −0.144, P = 0.024) and working memory (Beta = −0.208, P = 0.001), and light physical activity (LPA) was most highly correlated with shifting function (Beta = −0.211, P = 0.001). Physical activity had a 72.31% association with trait anxiety (B = −0.195), with 11.79% mediated by inhibition function (B = −0.023) and 15.90% by shifting function (B = −0.031). Conclusion: College students’ physical activity promotes both inhibition and shifting functions, which in turn aect trait anxiety. VPA had a direct eect, while the eect of moderate physical activity (MPA) and LPA was completely mediated exclusively through executive functions, and the mediating eect of shifting function was the highest. It is recommended that college workers should motivate students with high trait anxiety to engage in more VPA and pay attention to changes in their inhibition and shifting funct [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had a large consequence on healthcare systems, increasing the risks of psychological issues in health professionals. Nurses, in particular, have been exposed to multiple psychosocial stressors and struggled with intensive work, insufficiency of resources and uncertainty in the face of an unknown disease. Life satisfaction might protect nurses from the consequences of chronic stress. The aim of this study was to explore the mediating role of satisfaction with life in the relationship between depression, stress, anxiety and burnout (personal, work-related, and client-related). Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study design was performed, using an online questionnaire distributed via social networks. A total of 379 nurses completed the survey, comprising standardized measures of satisfaction with life, resilience (Resilience Scale), depression, anxiety, stress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales), and burnout (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory Scale). A hierarchical regression model was estimated for each burnout dimension. Results: Participants showed high levels of work, personal and client-related burnout, 57.3%, 57%, and 35.1%, respectively. More than 70% of the respondents had a normal level of depressive symptoms, 66.8% presented normal level of anxiety and 33.5% of the respondents reported mild, moderate, severe or extremely severe symptoms of stress. The results revealed that life satisfaction partially mediated the association between stress and personal burnout, depression and work-related burnout, and the association between anxiety and client-related burnout in nurses. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic brought added difficulties for nurses' work conditions, whereby it became necessary to develop adaptative measures that reduce stressors in work environment and promote nurses' life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]