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Background: The psychological and sexual well-being of individuals experiencing infertility, especially when a male factor is involved, can be significantly affected. This research was conducted to assess the levels of anxiety, depression, and sexual functioning in male patients undergoing infertility treatment, taking into consideration the presence or absence of a male factor. Methods: From June 2022 to March 2024, 457 infertility clinic patients underwent assessments, including demographic data, physical exams, sperm analyses, hormone checks, and genetic screenings. The patients were classified based on whether a male factor was present or not. One month after being informed of their male factor status, patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), and the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT). Results: The distribution of patients was as follows: those with a male factor (n = 171, 37%) and those without (n = 286, 63%). The presence of a male factor was significantly associated with higher BDI and BAI scores (p = 0.009 for BDI and p < 0.001 for BAI). IIEF scores in the male factor group were significantly lower than those in the other group (p = 0.013), while no significant difference was found between the PEDT scores of the two groups (p = 0.206). A negative correlation was observed between age and BAI scores (p = 0.027, correlation coefficient = −0.104). No significant relationship was found between primary or secondary infertility, the number of failed ART cycles, and BDI or BAI scores. Conclusions: The recognition of male infertility as a contributing factor is linked to decreased psychological well-being and sexual performance, emphasizing the significance of providing mental health assistance to such individuals. Integrating mental health support within infertility treatment facilities could enhance the overall welfare and participation in treatment of patients.

Din, bir toplumu oluşturan en temel olgulardan biridir. En temelde insanın varoluşamacını anlamlandıran din; ahlâkî, siyasî, edebî, iktisadî ve sosyokültürel alanlarda toplumuetkilemiştir. Gerek sözlü gerekse yazılı olsun toplumu etkileyen inançlar ve ilk dini metinleredebî bir karakter taşımaktadır. Bu açıdan din, edebî metinlerin ortaya çıkmasını doğrudanetkilemiş, edebiyatın ifade gücü vasıtasıyla işlevselliğini artırmış buna karşılık da edebiyatdinden beslenerek kendi ifade zenginliğini artırmıştır. Çünkü ikisinin de hakikatleri açıklamadakullandıkları ortak ifade aracı dildir. İnsanlık tarihi kadar eski olan din ve edebiyat birlikteliğiberaberinde birbirinden etkilenmeyi ve beslenmeyi getirmiştir. Bu etkileşimi irdeleyeneserler tarihin her döneminde ortaya çıkmıştır. İşte araştırmanın konusunu oluşturan İskenderPala’nın Şah ve Sultan romanından hareketle inanç faktörünün toplumsal yaşamı nasıletkilediği, romanda Kızılbaşlık ve Sünnilik olgularının nasıl betimlendiği bu açıdan elealınmıştır. Çalışmada, yazarın Kızılbaşlık ve Sünnilik kavramlarına nasıl bir anlam yüklediğisorgulanmıştır. Araştırmada Kızılbaşlık ve Sünnilik kavramları merkeze alınarak edebiyatsosyolojisinin imkân ve yeterliliklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Edebiyat sosyolojisi, toplumsalyaşamı ve toplumsal kurumları, normlar ve değerlerini kendine özgü teknikleriyle inceleyen birdisiplindir. Sadece yazarın ifade ve duygularını yansıtmaktan öte edebi eserin kaleme alındığıtoplumun inanç, gelenek, görenek, yaşam tarzı ve düşünce biçimini ortaya koyan edebiyatsosyolojisi, toplum ve edebiyat kurumları etkileşiminin bir ürünüdür. Din ve toplum ilişkisininizdüşümlerini yansıtan romanda Kızılbaş Aleviliğine dair görgü cemi, kırklar cemi, muhabbetcemi, semah, talip, musahip, tevella ve teberra ilkesi gibi Kızılbaş Alevilik inancına ilişkinzengin değerler paylaşılmıştır. Folklorik unsurlara da yer verilen romanın, Kızılbaş Alevilikkültürü ve inanç pratikleri bağlamında Türk halk kültürüne zengin bir içerik ve katkı sağladığıdeğerlendirilmiştir..

The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate the potential for integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with the field of International Relations. GIS, as a crucial tool for spatial analysis, is widely employed in various scientific disciplines, ranging from health to archaeology. Nevertheless, its application in International Relations studies remains underutilized. To address this gap, a case study will be conducted to unite GIS and International Relations, focusing on the Fergana Valley, a region of significance in Central Asian studies. The debate surrounding whether the Fergana Valley presents a security challenge in Central Asia will be explored. This will involve testing for clustering and heterogeneity in conflicts within the region using the autocorrelation method in spatial analysis. Consequently, this study aims to address a key issue in the field and establish a precedent for the utilization of GIS in International Relations studies. Finally, the study will consider which research questions within the realm of International Relations could be addressed through GIS.

Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is an immune-mediated systemic disease characterized by recurrent attacks of inflammation of cartilage and proteoglycan-rich tissues, resulting in progressive anatomical deformation and functional impairment in the affected areas. The most common clinical features include ear and nasal chondritis, as well as polyarthritis, though potentially all cartilage areas can be affected. Delay in diagnosis is frequently encountered due to the progression of the disease and non-specific symptoms at the beginning. 30% of RP patients may have concomitant autoimmune disorders. In our case, a 42-year-old male patient diagnosed with RP was treated with methotrexate, leflunomide, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and tociluzumab, but showed no improvement. Consequently, the patient was administered cyclophosphamide. Unfortunately, pneumomediastinum developed on the sixth day of treatment. The condition resolved without the need for surgical intervention. However, although the case received many treatments mentioned in the literature, he still did not go into complete remission.

Offshoring location selection is a crucial decision for firms in terms of competitiveness, flexibility, productivity, and profitability. Determining an efficient and appropriate location for offshoring has been a substantial multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. Considering that the outcome of an MCDM method alone can be misleading, a novel hybrid approach is presented in this study. Thus, five MCDM methods are utilized to solve the problem, and the results of four MCDM methods are integrated to assure an optimal offshoring location. A Fuzzy-AHP (analytical hierarchy process) integrated with the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), additive ratio assessment (ARAS), elimination et choix traduisant la realité (ELECTRE), and weighted sum method (WSM) methodology is proposed for the appraisal and selection of the optimal offshoring location. In this context, fifteen alternative locations are determined based on the attractiveness of the locations in terms of offshoring. Fuzzy-AHP is implemented to analyze the problem's structure and find the weights of the quantitative and qualitative criteria. Consistency tests are implemented to assess the quality of inputs of an expert. Then, TOPSIS, WSM, ARAS, and ELECTRE are used to evaluate and rank the candidate locations and present a comparative analysis. By considering fifteen countries and using real data, offshoring location selection is conducted through the proposed methodology. Moreover, sensitivity analysis is made to diminish the subjectivity and assess the robustness of the techniques. The results demonstrated that giving more weights to the labor characteristics and proximity to market criteria might improve the quality of the best offshoring country index.

Objective: Breast cancer is commonly originated from the cells in the milk ducts or in the lobules that supply milk to the ducts. During cancer development, many actors, including cellular factors such as endothelial and immune cells, and structural factors such as integrins and extracellular matrix elements have gained importance in the tumor microenvironment. Endothelial cells (ECs) not only implicate in cancer growth and metastasis processes, but also are effective in immune cells' modulations. In the present study, we investigated the effect of secretome released by breast carcinoma cell lines on endothelial expression of immune checkpoints and adhesion molecules. Materials and Methods: In this study, the expression levels of some immune checkpoints, including lymphocyte-activation-protein 3 (LAG-3), V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA), Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), IDO-2, programmed cell death 1 ligand (PD-L1), PD-L2, Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4, (CTLA-4), and some adhesion molecules, including E-cadherin, VE-cadherin, E-selectin, platelet EC adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in HUVEC ECs preincubated with the conditioned media (CM) collected from normal (CRL-4010) and carcinoma cells (CRL-2329 and MDA-MB-231). Besides, endothelial proliferation and migration were also examined. Results: CRL-2329-CM was found to increase cell proliferation at the end of 48 h but not 24 h, compared to the control (CRL-4010-CM) group (p=0.0052). In addition, both cancer cell-CMs were revealed to induce migration (p

Climate change-induced droughts have various negative impacts on different sectors, especially on agricultural sector. Altınekin District, where the research was conducted, has the lowest precipitation in Konya Province, therefore is expected to be most affected by drought. For sustainable use of water resources, each stage of agricultural production should be carried out within the framework of a specific program. With this study, knowledge level of farmers engaged in irrigated agriculture in Altınekin district regarding irrigation and irrigation programs they applied were determined through a face-to-face survey. Present findings revealed that 38.7% of the participant farmers are aged 50 years and over and a large proportion of them (54.7%) are primary school graduates. Participant farmers were all (100%) using groundwater resources in agricultural production and 88% of them stated that they did not receive any training on irrigation. While 32% of the farmers participating in the survey stated that they had knowledge about the concept of irrigation program, 68% reported that they did not have any knowledge. Incorrect and improper practices regarding efficient use of irrigation water in the region, especially regarding the irrigation program, were identified and solutions were proposed for these problems.

Bu çalışmada, Revâkıyye ekolünün ahlakî ve felsefî görüşlerinin Mevlânâ’nın başta Mesnevî’si olmak üzere eserlerine nasıl yansıdığı incelenmiştir. Helenistik dönemde ortaya çıkan Revâkıyye, insanlık tarihinin en eski ve en temel felsefi akımlarından biridir. Kıbrıslı Zenon tarafından kurulan, Truvalı Kleanthes ve Tarsuslu Khrisippos tarafından geliştirilen Revâkıyye, en parlak dönemini M.Ö. III. asırda yaşamıştır. Zaman içerisinde sürekli gelişme gösteren Revâkıyye, bilimsel bir teori olmaktan çıkarak bir ahlak felsefesine dönüşmüştr. Felsefeyi fizik, mantık ve ahlâk olmak üzere üçe ayıran Revâkıyye’nin düşünce temellerini oluşturan en önemli kavramlar arasında; doğaya uygun yaşama, ölüm, kaza ve kadere inanma, herşeyin akıcılığı, değişim, dışsal unsurların geçiciliği, hümanizm, geçmişte yaşananları düşünmeme, yoksullara yardımcı olma, nefs terbiyesi, üzüntüden uzak durma ve mutluluk gelir. Revâkîlere göre evrende mükemmel bir uyum ve iyilik hüküm sürmektedir. Evrendeki bu düzeni sağlayan ise tanrıdır. İnsan bu düzene ve doğaya uygun yaşarsa ahlaklı ve mutlu olur. Ahlakî aklın, insanın içgüdülerine hakim olması durumunda doğru eyleme ulaşılabilir. Bu yönüyle Revâkıyye ahlakı, pratik yaşamla doğrudan ilgilidir. Revâkîlerin ahlak anlayışı ve felsefesi zaman içerisinde bir çok düşünceye etki etmiştir. Yapılan inceleme, Revâkîlerin ahlakî görüşlerinin büyük oranda Mevlânâ’nın düşüncelerine etki ettiğini göstermektedir. Mesnevî’de yer alan insan, nefis ve ahlaka dair konular incelendiğinde Mevlânâ ile Revâkîlerin konuları ele alış biçimleri ve konuya bakış açıları arasında pek çok benzerliğin olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Mevlânâ, tasavvuf geleneğindeki insan felsefesi ile İslam ahlak felsefesini Mesnevî isimli eserinde birleştirmiştir. Mesnevî’de yer alan ahlakî ilkeler erdemli bir ahlâkî kişiliği oluşturmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu yönüyle Mevlânâ’nın öngördüğü ahlak da pratik bir ahlaktır. Mevlânâ, insanın bâtınını derinlemesine incelemiş ve nefsanî yönlerini tüm detaylarıyla ele almıştır. Mevlânâ ahlakı ontolojik değerler ve insanın yapısına uygun kurallar olarak kabul eder. Mevlânâ, ahlâkî birlik ve bütünlüğün oluşabilmesi için bireyin doğa ile uyumlu, nefsini terbiye etmiş, madde ile mana bütünlüğünü sağlamış olması gerektiğini savunur. Revâkîler de aynı tarz ve üslupla insanı ve ahlakı ele almışlardır.

This study evaluates the efficiency and productivity of technology companies included in the BIST 100 Index and Fortune 500 list using the DEA-Malmquist model. Firstly, technology-oriented efficiency analyses were conducted. In the second stage, we aim to analyze the efficiency trend of longitudinal (panel) data using the Malmquist approach to understand the frontier shift and efficiency changes from 2005 to 2019. R&D expenditure, R&D personnel cost, total personal number, and marketing expenditure were considered as inputs, while total income, export income, and the patent number were considered as outputs. According to the findings, fifteen of twenty-seven firms were on the frontier once, but only three were on the frontier more than three times. Eighteen firms improved in the Malmquist Index (TFPCH) from 2015 to 2019, with the most improvement in 2015-2016. Besides that, in 2019, a performance improvement of seven percent compared to 2015. Furthermore, it is determined that Scale Efficiency scores increase by 0.163 for extra Net Sales of firms.

Cotton fiber is the most important raw material of the textile industry. Agricultural activities, harvesting methods, storage, ginning, and spinning process are important in determining the quality and efficiency of cotton fiber. Cotton fiber, which is mostly used in yarn factories, should be subjected to conditioning process before spinning, and the moisture (%) content should be at the desired level to optimize fiber length, flexibility, strength, and other similar quality values. In this study, in which the effects of moisture-induced improvement in cotton fiber quality on yarn quality were targeted; the aim is to use cotton fibers used in spinning mills at maximum performance and to improve the quality performance of the yarns produced.

The microstructural properties and hardness of a model ternary Fe-4Cr-6Ti ferritic alloy aged at 800°C for 8, 16 and 24 h are investigated in detail. Fine Fe2Ti Laves phase particles precipitate in the α-Fe (ferrite) matrix phase after solutionizing and subsequent aging treatments. The size and amount of Fe2Ti precipitates gradually increase with increasing aging time. The magnetic measurements of the aged samples confirm the variations in the microstructural properties including the volume fraction of the constituent phases, and Ti content of the α-Fe matrix phase. The mean Vickers microhardness value also increases from 203.5 to 238.4 with increasing aging time from 8 to 24 h. In addition, the cyclic oxidation behavior of 24 h aged sample, which contains maximum amount of Fe2Ti precipitates, is also investigated in detail. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that scale product is α-Fe2O3 (hematite). Significant scale spallation and void formation is observed on the surfaces of 24 h aged Fe-4Cr-6Ti sample oxidized at 500°C.

Bu çalışmada etkileşim Lagranjiyen yöntemi kullanılarak, dejenere durumdaki uyarılmış kuarkların Yüksek Işınlıklı Büyük Hadron Çarpıştırıcısında (YI-BHÇ) rezonans üretimleri incelenmiştir. YI-BHÇ’de rezonans da üretilen uyarılmış kuarkların iki-jet son durumuna sahip olduğu sinyal kanalı için hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Uyarılmış kuark sinyalini ardalandan ayırt edecek sınırlandırmaları belirlemek için sinyal ardalan analizi yapılmıştır. Bu analiz vasıtasıyla belirlenen sınırlandırmalar kullanılarak YI-BHÇ’de uyarılmış kuarkın kütlesi için keşif, gözlem ve dışarlama limitleri hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca uyarılmış kuark için kompozitlik ölçeği taraması yapılarak, farklı kütle değerleri için ulaşabileceği en üst kompozitlik ölçeği değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Son olarak 1’den küçük serbest parametre değerlerinde dahi uyarılmış kuarkın YI-BHÇ’de keşif edilebileceği gösterilmiştir. Tüm bu hesaplamaların sonucunda, YI-BHÇ’nin uyarılmış kuarkları araştırmada çok iyi bir potansiyele sahip olacağı ortaya çıkmıştır.

Introduction: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drug that is commonly used in cancer treatment. A major side effect limiting the clinical use of DOX is cardiotoxicity due to oxidative injury. Nigella sativa (NS) is an annual flowering plant with antioxidant properties. Its seeds contain several bioactive constituents such as saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, thymoquinone, dithymoquinone, thymohydroquinone, and thymol. In this study, we investigated the effect of NS extract on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Methods: The experimental study animals consisted of 28 male Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 300 and 400 g. Four study groups each of seven rats were defined: controls; NS extract; DOX; and DOX+NS. Control and DOX rats received standard food, while each rat in the NS and DOX+NS groups also received 100 mg/kg NS extract orally. At day 28 of follow-up, rats in the DOX groups were administered a single 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal dose of DOX, while rats in the control and NS groups received a single 10 mg/kg dose of physiological saline solution. All animals were monitored for 35 days. On day 35, the rats were decapitated and serum and cardiac tissue samples were obtained. Troponin and NT-proBNP levels were measured in blood sera, while malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidative stress (TOS) levels were quantified in sera and tissue samples. Histological alterations that were assessed in cardiac tissue included myocyte disarray, small vessel disease, myocyte hypertrophy, and fibrosis. Results: The DOX group had significantly higher NT-proBNP, TOS, and MDA, with greater histopathological derangement. TAC was significantly elevated in the DOX+NS group, which also exhibited significantly lower troponin, TOS, and MDA, as well as significantly higher TAC compared to the DOX group. Histopathological examination showed that the significant structural derangement observed in DOX rats was markedly and significantly reduced in DOX+NS rats. Conclusion: Our results suggest that NS extract may prevent DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and thus represents a promising cardioprotective agent. Resumo: Introdução: A doxorrubicina (DX) é uma antraciclina citotóxica que é habitualmente utilizada no tratamento do cancro. Um efeito colateral major que limita a utilização clínica da DX é a cardiotoxicidade devida a lesão oxidativa. A Nigella sativa (NS) é uma planta de floração anual com propriedades antioxidantes. Contém diversos constituintes bioativos como os ácidos gordos saturados e insaturados, a timoquinona, a ditimoquinona, a timoidroquinona e o timol. Neste estudo, estudámos o efeito do extrato da NS na prevenção da cardiotoxicidade induzida pela doxorrubicina. Material e métodos: Os animais utilizados neste estudo experimental consistiram em 28 ratos Sprague Dawley do género masculino com peso entre 300 e 400 g. Foram definidos quatro grupos de estudo, com sete ratos em cada: controlos; extrato NS; doxorrubicina (DX); e DX+NS. Os ratos do grupo controlo e do grupo DX receberam alimentação padrão, enquanto cada rato dos grupos NS e DX+NS também recebeu 100 mg/kg de extrato de NS por via oral. No 28.° dia de seguimento, aos ratos dos grupos de doxorubicina foi administrada uma dose única de 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal de doxorubicina, enquanto os ratos dos grupos de controlo e de NS receberam 10 mg/kg de solução salina fisiológica de dose única. Todos os animais foram monitorados durante 35 dias. No 35.° dia, os ratos foram decapitados, tendo sido obtidas amostras de soro e de tecido cardíaco. Os níveis de troponina e de NT-pro BNP foram medidos no soro, enquanto os níveis de malondialdeído, de óxido nítrico, da capacidade antioxidante total e dos níveis totais de stress oxidativo foram quantificados em soros e amostras de tecido. As alterações histológicas que foram avaliadas no tecido cardíaco incluíram desalinhamento de miócitos, doença de pequenos vasos, hipertrofia miocitária e fibrose. Resultados: O grupo DX apresentou NT-proBNP, stress oxidativo total (SOT) e malondialdeído (MAD) significativamente mais elevados, com maiores alterações histopatológicas. A capacidade antioxidante total (CAT) foi significativamente mais elevada no grupo DX+NX que também apresentou valores de troponina, SOT, e DAM significativamente mais baixos, assim como valores de CAT significativamente mais elevados em comparação com o grupo DX. Os exames histopatológicos mostraram que a disfunção estrutural significativa observada nos ratos DX foi marcadamente e significativamente menor nos ratos DX e NS. Conclusão: Os nossos resultados sugerem que o extrato de Nigella sativa pode prevenir a cardiotoxicidade induzida pela doxorrubicina, representando um agente cardioprotetor promissor.

Introduction We have aimed to investigate the relationship between use of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin-receptor-blocker (ARB) drugs and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) and in-hospital mortality in hypertensive Covid-19 patients. Material and method Consecutive 1345 patients diagnosed with Covid-19 between April and October 2020 who met inclusion criteria were divided into two groups based on presence and absence of AHRF and mortality. The groups were compared regarding epidemiological, clinical, radiological, laboratory findings and treatments methods. The patient groups ACEI, ARB and other antihypertensive drugs (non-ACEI/ARB) were compared regarding same parameters. Results Median age was 68 (60–76) years in the patient group including 805 (59.9.1%) females. Of the patients, 475 (35.3%), 644 (47.9%) and 226 (16.8%) were using ACEIs, ARBs and non-ACEI/ARB, respectively. AHRF and in-hospital mortality developed in 1053 (78.3%) and 290 (21.6%) patients, respectively. Age, gender, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), neutrophil, lymphocyte, creatinine, D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), ACEI, beta blocker and aspartate transaminase (AST) found statistically significant in the univariable logistic regression performed to identify independent predictors of mortality were included multivariable logistic regression model. Age (OR: 1.066, 95%CI: 1.049–1.083; p

Bu çalışmanın amacı doğal kaynak laneti hakkında literatür taraması yapmaktır. Türkçe literatürde doğal kaynak lanetinin ekonomik ve politik etkileri ayrı ayrı yer almakla birlikte politik ekonomi analizi yeterince yer almamaktadır. Çalışmada Hollanda hastalığı, ekonomik kırılganlık, gelir dağılımı adaletsizliği, rantçı devlet, otoriterleşme ve iç savaşların doğal kaynak ile bağlantılarına değinilecektir. Çalışma betimleyici bir araştırma niteliğinde olup, Doğal Kaynak Laneti, Rantçı Devlet, Hollanda Hastalığı gibi temel kavramları Türkçe literatüre katmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Countries struggling to overcome the profound and devastating effects of COVID-19 have started taking steps to return to "new normal." Any accurate forecasting can help countries and decision-makers to make plans and decisions in the process of returning normal life. In this regard, it is needless to mention the criticality and importance of accurate forecasting. In this study, daily cases of COVID-19 are estimated based on mobility data, considering the proven human-to-human transmission factor. The data of seven countries, namely Brazil, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States of America (USA) are used to train and test the models. These countries represent around 57% of the total cases in the whole world. In this context, various machine learning algorithms are implemented to obtain accurate predictions. Unlike most studies, the predicted case numbers are evaluated against the actual values to reveal the real performance of the methods and determine the most effective methods. The results indicated that it is unlikely to propose the same algorithm for forecasting COVID-19 cases for all countries. Also, mobility data can be enough the predict the COVID-19 cases in the USA.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the awareness of pneumococcal vaccination (PCV13, PPSV23) in general cardiology outpatient clinics and impact of physicians’ recommendations on vaccination rates. Methods: This was a multicenter, observational, prospective cohort study. Patients over the age of 18 from 40 hospitals in different regions of Turkey who applied to the cardiology outpatient clinic between September 2022 and August 2021 participated. The vaccination rates were calculated within three months of follow-up from the admitting of the patient to cardiology clinics. Results: The 403 (18.2%) patients with previous pneumococcal vaccination were excluded from the study. The mean age of study population (n = 1808) was 61.9 ± 12.1 years and 55.4% were male. The 58.7% had coronary artery disease, hypertension (74.1%) was the most common risk factor, and 32.7% of the patients had never been vaccinated although they had information about vaccination before. The main differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients were related to education level and ejection fraction. The physicians’ recommendations were positively correlated with vaccination intention and behavior in our participants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation between vaccination and female sex [OR = 1.55 (95% CI = 1.25–1.92), p < 0.001], higher education level [OR = 1.49 (95% CI = 1.15–1.92), p = 0.002] patients’ knowledge [OR = 1.93 (95% CI = 1.56–2.40), p < 0.001], and their physician’s recommendation [OR = 5.12 (95% CI = 1.92–13.68), p = 0.001]. Conclusion: To increase adult immunization rates, especially among those with or at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), it is essential to understand each of these factors. Even if during COVID-19 pandemic, there is an increased awareness about vaccination, the vaccine acceptance level is not enough, still. Further studies and interventions are needed to improve public vaccination rates.

This article investigates perceptions of technology-mediated translations of literary texts by two groups: translation students and professional literary translators. The participants post-edited an excerpt from a classic Dickens novel into Turkish using a machine translation (MT) system of their choice. The analysis of the post-edited texts, participants’ answers to survey questions, and interviews with professional translators suggest that MT is currently a long way from being an essential part of any literary translation practice for the English–Turkish language pair. Translators’ interactions with MT and negative attitudes toward it may change in a positive direction as MT improves and translation practice evolves.

Objective:To analyze the effect of the anesthesia method (spinal and general) on the outcome of ureteroscopy (URS) in patients treated for proximal ureteral stones.Materials and Methods:Patients, who underwent URS for proximal ureteral stones at various urology clinics in Turkiye, were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the anesthesia method performed; the procedure was performed under spinal anesthesia (SA) in group 1 and general anesthesia (GA) in group 2. Patients’ demographic, perioperative data and complication rates were compared between the two groups in a retrospective manner.Results:There were 309 and 329 patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The mean stone area and Hounsfield unit in GA group were higher (p0.05). The rate of success of URS, which is accepted as complete stone-free status, was higher in the SA group (p=0.041).Conclusion:URS, which is used in the treatment of proximal ureteral stones, has a high success rate, independent of the anesthesia method used. It is important to keep in mind the patient’s comorbidities prior to selecting the anesthesia method and that the stone area and the Hounsfield unit are the important factors affecting the outcomes.

In this article, a notion of neutrosophic triplet (NT) normed ring space is given and properties of NT normed ring spaces are studied. We demonstrate that NT normed ring is different from the classical one. Also, we show that a neutrosophic triplet normed ring can be a neutrosophic triplet norm when certain conditions are met.

Objective:The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and complications of holmium laser and pneumatic lithotripsy used in the ureterorenoscopic treatment of proximal ureteral stones.Materials and Methods:Data of 638 patients, who underwent ureterorenoscopy (URS) due to proximal ureteral stones in different centers, were obtained from patient files. The patients were divided into two groups according to the type of lithotripter used: group 1; laser lithotripter (n=324; 50.8%) and group 2; pneumatic lithotripter (n=314; 49.2%). URS was considered successful upon determination stone-free status with the imaging methods after treatment. The effectiveness and the complications of holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser and pneumatic lithotripsy were compared.Results:The total success rate of URS was 82.6% and the complication rate was 8.1%. The mean age of patients was similar between the groups; however, the body mass index values, stone surface area and stone Hounsfield unit were significantly higher in group 1. Although the mean operative time, complication rate and the mean length of hospital stay were similar between the groups; the URS success and postoperative ureteral J stent use rates were significantly higher in group 1 and the push-back rate was significantly higher in group 2.Conclusion:If laser lithotripsy is available in a clinic, we believe that it is better to use it as the first option in the treatment of proximal ureter stones. However, considering that it is not easy to access laser lithotripters due to their high cost in Turkey, pneumatic lithotripters may be an effective and inexpensive alternative that can also be safely used in these cases.

In this paper, we define the disjunctive sum, difference and Cartesian product of two interval valued neutrosophic sets and study their basic properties. The notions of the (α,β,γ) interval cut set of interval valued neutrosophic sets and the (α,β,γ) strong interval cut set of interval valued neutrosophic sets are put forward. Some related properties have been established with proof, examples and counter examples.

Avrupa Kardiyoloji Cemiyetinin 2018 yılında yayınladığı ‘Miyokardiyal enfarktüsün dördüncü evrensel tanımı’ isimli kılavuzunda ST segment elevasyonlu miyokard enfarktüs; göğüs ağrısı veya başka iskemik semptomu olan hastada elektrokardiyogramda (EKG) komşu iki derivasyonda yeni gelişen ST segment elevasyonu veya yeni gelişimli dal bloğu olarak tanımlanmıştır. EKG’de ST segmentinde görülen elevasyon nadiren kardiyak dışı sebeplere bağlı olarak da görülmektedir. Toraks cerrahilerinde mediastinal yapıların yer değiştirmesi de psödoiskemik EKG değişikliklerinin sebebi arasında yer almaktadır. Vakamız; geçmişte sigara içiciliği dışında kardiyovasküler risk faktörü olmayan 63 yaşındaki erkek hastadır. Akciğer malignitesi sebebiyle sağ akciğer rezeksiyonu yapılan hastanın postoperatif EKG’sinde yeni gelişimli anterior derivasyonlarda ST segment elevasyonu görüldü. Bu yazıda; yapılan koroner anjiyografide koroner arterleri normal tespit edilen hastanın, iskemik koroner patolojiler dışında, nadir de olsa EKG’de ST segment elevasyonuna sebep olabilecek bir pnömonektomi vakasının sunulması amaçlanmıştır.

Ön cephe elemanları, tüm dolgu yüzeyini kaplayan geotekstil donatılar ve dolgu malzemesi kullanılarak oluşturulan istinat duvarları, uygulama süresinin kısalığı, uygulama kolaylığı, estetik ve ekonomik oluşları nedeniyle yaygın olarak tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, teorik tasarım esaslarına dayalı dizayn edilmiş olan 3 metre yüksekliğindeki bir geogrid donatılı istinat duvarı, arazide modellenmiş ve basınç ölçerler, yatay deplasman ölçerler ve gerinim pulları ile enstrümante edilmiştir. Duvar, dolgu malzemesi üst yüzeyinden uygulanan sürşarj yüküyle aktif deformasyona zorlanmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda, duvarda oluşan yatay yer değiştirmeler ile donatılara gelen çekme gerilmeleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.

INTRODUCTION: the aim of this study was to investigate the possible relationship of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and routine hematological parameters with recurrent epistaxis in children.Methods: in this retrospective case-controlled study, 294 patients aged between 2 and 18 years who applied to the Tokat State Hospital Ear Nose Throat Clinic due to recurrent epistaxis between January 1st 2013 and December 31st December 2017 and 329 sex-and age-matched controls were investigated.Results: NLR was 1.45±0.75 in the study group and the 1.35±0.7 in the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups (p=0.05). PLR values were found significantly (p=0.05) higher in the study group than in the control group (103,21±29.57 vs. 97,3±30.38). Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) values were found significantly (p=0.05) lower in the study group than in the control group (39,56±2,87 and 38,92±2,46)Conclusion: the increase of PLR, an inflammatory marker, in epistaxis supports the effect of inflammatory factors in the etiology of epistaxis. However, more study in future is needed to support this.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada üniversite öğrencilerinin bitkisel ilaç kullanımı konusunda tutum ve davranışlarının saptanması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Selçuk Üniversitesi’nde 2014 yılı Nisan-Haziran ayları arasında toplam 400 öğrenciye anket uygulandı. İstatistiksel analizlerde p

Konusunu kutsal kitaplardan alan Yûsuf u Züleyhâ hikâyesi Klasik TürkEdebiyatı, Modern Türk Edebiyatı ve Türk Halk Edebiyatında sıkça ele alınmışbir konudur. Arap, Fars ve Türk edebiyatında çoğunluğu manzum olarakkaleme alınmış pek çok örneği vardır. Manzum örneklerinin yanında, gerekmüstakil, gerekse tefsir ve Kısas-ı Enbiyalar içerisinde olmak üzere çok kıymetlimensur örnekleri de vardır.Eski Türk Edebiyatı’nda çoğunlukla manzum eserler ön planda olduğundanmanzum Yûsuf u Züleyhâ’lar daha çok tanınmış ve yayılmıştır. Haliyle yapılanilmî çalışmalar da bu yönde olmuştur. Bugüne kadar 50 adet manzum örneğitespit edilmiştir. Halbuki Eski Türk Edebiyatı’nda yazılmış mensur Yûsuf uZüleyhâ hikayeleri de bulunmaktadır. Bu eserler, bazıları üzerinde münferitilmî çalışmalar olsa da, toplu bir şekilde değerlendirilmemiştir.Yûsuf u Züleyhâ Arapça, Farsça ve Türkçe cümlelerle örülü ve şiirsellikle dolubir eserdir. Muhammed b. İbrahim âhengi, akıcılığı ve hareketi sağlamakamacıyla seci’lerden faydalanmakla yetinmemiş, edebî sanatların birçoğunukullanarak özgün bir üslûp oluşturmuştur. Türkçeyi yermesine rağmeneserinde Türkçe, Arapça ve Farsça dillerinin imkanlarını kullanmaktan geridurmamıştır. Arapça ve Farsça sözcükleri kullanmada gösterdiği maharetiTürkçede de göstermiştir. Eserde seciler ve simetrik cümleler çoğunluktadır.Cümleler anlaşılır, üslubu akıcı ve coşkundur.

Mahmut Mutman’ın kitabı The Politics of Writing Islam: Voicing Difference (İslam’ı Yazmanın Politikası: Farkı Seslendirmek) postkolonyal literatüre bir katkı niteliğinde bir çalışmadır. Fransız yüksek kuramıyla Üçüncü Dünya aydınlarının buluşmasının ürünü olan postkolonyalizme Türkiye’de artan bir ilgi var. Mutman’ın kitabı bu anlamda Türkiye’den bu literatüre yapılan sayılı katkılardan biridir (Mutman’ın önceki çalışmaları ve Meyda Yeğenoğlu’nun Sömürge Fantezileri kitabını bu bağlamda anmak gerekir). Gayatri Spivak, Edward Said ve Homi Bhabha gibi isimlerin Fransız postyapısalcılığının (bilhassa Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault ve Jacques Lacan) dilini sömürge söylemlerinin öznellik-bilgi-iktidar odaklı okunmasında seferber ettiğini söyleyebiliriz. Mutman’ın kitabı, bu sınırlı ve sınırlayıcı tanımıyla postkolonyal literatürün iyi bir örneğidir.

PURPOSEWe aimed to evaluate the frequency and features of dual left anterior descending artery (LAD) variants using computed tomography (CT) angiography.METHODSA total of 1337 consecutive coronary CT angiography examinations performed between April 2010 and December 2013 were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of dual LAD. CT examinations were performed with either 64- or 320-row multidetector CT scanners. All CT angiography images were evaluated for the presence and morphologic features of dual LAD subtypes.RESULTSFifty-six dual LAD variations (4%) were identified in this study population. Type 1 was the most common type of dual LAD (n=48), while Type 3 (n=3) and Type 4 (n=2) were infrequent and Type 2 was not detected. Additionally, we detected previously unclassified dual LAD variations in three cases.CONCLUSIONDual LAD may be a relatively more common variant than described in the medical literature, which is mostly based on catheter angiography studies. Coronary CT angiography seems markedly efficacious for detecting and documenting the anatomical details of dual LAD subtypes, as well as showing other associated cardiocoronary anomalies.

This research was conducted to determine grain yield and some quality traits of 18 bread wheat varieties in dry conditions and location in the center of Konya in 2009-2010 growing seasons. Grain yield and some quality characteristics (protein content, zeleny sedimentation, gluten index, alveograph energy value, alveograph P/L, mixograph development time, mixograph peak height, and mixograph softening value and mixograph total area) were examined. According to the results including means ranged between; grain yield 331.85-749.05 kg/da, Protein content 12.62-15.23%, gluten index value of 41.81-98.19%, zeleny sedimentation value 27.00-51.50 ml, alveograph energy 59.70-235.43 10-4 Joules alveograph P/L 0.38 to 1.29, micsograph development time 1.44-4.95 min., mixograph peak height, 42.46-60.67%, mixograph right peak slope 10.13-45.52%, mixograph total area 239.12-322.28% Tq*dak, was found. The experiment has been found significant correlations between traits.

Objectives: To compare the visual prognosis and postoperative complication rates of secondary anterior chamber (AC IOL) and scleralfixated (SF) intraocular lenses (IOL) after complicated phacoemulsification surgery. Materials and Methods: Thirty eyes of thirty patients were reviewed for this retrospective study. The patients with secondary AC IOL implantation formed group 1 (n=15), and the patients with secondary SF IOL implantation formed group 2 (n=15). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) with Snellen chart, biomicroscopic examination, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement with applanation tonometer, gonioscopy performed by Goldmann’s 3-mirror contact lens, and fundus examination were performed preoperatively in all patients. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative BCVA (p=0.492) and postoperative success (BCVA not changed or better postoperatively) between the 2 groups (p=0.598). Postoperative success rate was 80% in group 1 and 93.7% in Group 2. The postoperative cylindrical power of the eyes did not differ significantly between the groups (p=0.220). The postoperative complications in group 1 were as follows: transient corneal edema in 5 eyes, transient IOP elevation in 2 eyes, postoperative fibrinous reaction in the anterior chamber in one eye, late-onset secondary glaucoma in one eye, hyphema in one eye, cystoid macular edema in one eye, vitreous prolapse into the anterior chamber in one eye, and IOL malposition in one eye. The postoperative complications in group 2 were as follows: transient corneal edema in 3 eyes, vitreous prolapse into the anterior chamber in 2 eyes, IOL malposition in 2 eyes, transient IOP elevation in one eye, and retinal detachment in one eye. Conclusion: In this study, both IOL types were observed to be preferable in cases without adequate capsular support following complicated cataract surgery. However, further studies with large numbers of patients are needed to define the best choice of IOL in patients with inadequate capsular support. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2014; 44: 102-7)

The research was conducted with the aim to determine effects of different storage methods (Control, + 4°C and deep freeze) on total sugar amount, dry matter and some sensory characteristics (color and smell) in sweet corn at Food Engineering Laboratory of Engineering and Architectural Faculty of Suleyman Demirel University in 2010 year. In the study, Lumina F1 and Composite sweet corn obtained from Sakarya Agricultural Research Institute were used as experimental material. Dry matter content of sweet corn constantly increased in the 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12th days compare to control (first day) at all storage in both cultivars. Reduction in the sugar amount of sweet corn storaged at + 4°C and deep freeze was less than the control. In the study, reduction in the sugar amount of Lumina F1 and Sakarya Composite cultivars were determined as 77.89-80.05 % in the control, 37.02 - 35.90 % in the + 4°C and 37.02 - 35.90 % in the deep freeze, respectively. There has been changed from the second day, the fourth day in control and +4°C respectively, and has not been any modification in deep freeze in grain color of sweet corn.

In this study, the neutrosophic triplet G-module is introduced and the properties of neutrosophic triplet G-module are studied. Furthermore, reducible, irreducible, and completely reducible neutrosophic triplet G-modules are defined, and relationships of these structures with each other are examined. Also, it is shown that the neutrosophic triplet G-module is different from the G-module.

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance, characterized by recurrent fever and episodes of serositis. The condition is known to be caused by mutations in the MEFV (Mediterranean FeVer) gene, located in the short arm of chromosome 16. While more than 310 sequence variants in the MEFV gene have been described to date, the diagnosis is still established clinically. FMF may be accompanied by sacroiliitis and various forms of vasculitis. The most common forms of associated vasculitis are Henoch-Schonlein purpura and polyarteritis nodosa (PAN). We have presented here a fairly rare case of FMF, accompanied by both sacroiliitis and PAN.

Private prison implementation is not a new one, but nowadays applicability of private prisons have been frequently discussed. Private prisons that are seen in a few countries like USA and England are discussed in the context of both cost-efficiency and functions of the state. In this study, the reason of privatization of prison services and the applicability of private prisons in Turkey are investigated.

This study proposes a mathematical model of dynamic pricing for soccer game tickets. The logic behind the dynamic ticket pricing model is price change based on multipliers which reflect the effects of time and inventory. Functions are formed for the time and inventory multipliers. The optimization algorithm attempts to find optimal values of these multipliers in order to maximize revenue. By multiplying the mean season ticket price (used as the reference price) by the multipliers, dynamic ticket prices are obtained. Demand rates at different prices are needed for the model, and they are provided by a unique fuzzy logic model. The results of this model are compared with real data to test the model’s effectiveness. According to the results of the dynamic pricing model, the total revenue generated is increased by 8.95% and 0.76% compared with the static pricing strategy in the first and second cases, respectively. The results of the fuzzy logic model are also found to be competitive and effective. This is the first time a fuzzy logic model has been designed to forecast the attendance of soccer games. It is also the first time this type of mathematical model of dynamic pricing for soccer game tickets has been designed.

The main purpose of this study was to develop and apply a neural network (NN) approach and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model for forecasting the attendance rates at soccer games. The models were designed based on the characteristics of the problem. Past real data was used. Training data was used for training the models, and the testing data was used for evaluating the performance of the forecasting models. The obtained forecasting results were compared to the actual data and to each other. To evaluate the performance of the models, two statistical indicators, Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) and mean absolute percent error (MAPE), were used. Based on the results, the proposed neural network approach and the ANFIS model were shown to be effective in forecasting attendance at soccer games. The neural network approach performed better than the ANFIS model. The main contribution of this study is to introduce two effective techniques for estimating attendance at sports games. This is the first attempt to use an ANFIS model for that purpose.

The use of technology in the translation process has already become a common practice. Translation evaluation in most training programs in Turkey, however, seems to ignore the place of technology since exams are taken using printed resources only. The current study aims at exploring students’ use of time, performance and reaction when they translate texts using different resources and in different settings, thus, seeing in which contexts students feel better and can achieve better results when tested. Nine senior translation students participated in the study. All were native speakers of Turkish and advanced-level learners of English. Each participant was given four different types of texts: technical, literary, legal, and media. Participants translated each text from English into Turkish in 40 minutes using three different ways. All translation sessions were supervised: (1) using printed resources only, (2) using online resources only, and (3) post-editing target texts produced via Google Translate. After each session, the participants completed online questionnaires. The analysis of the questionnaires and evaluations of the translations suggest that novice translators tend to prefer working in an electronic environment using Internet resources. The novice translators did not seem to be very comfortable with post-editing machine translation outputs, especially for literary texts. No major differences, in terms of their scores and use of time, are observed across the three sessions, and individual preferences of the students and the perceived difficulty level of the texts seem to have more effect on the time use and performance. The answers to the survey questions also suggest that exam settings for the translation courses need to be customized so that Internet resources and other translation tools can be integrated.

Purpose. To investigate changes of dry eye test results in patients who underwent pterygium surgery. Methods. Seventy-four patients who underwent primary pterygium surgery were enrolled in this study. At the baseline, 3-, 12-, and 18-month visits, measurements of tear osmolarity, BUT, and Schirmer test were performed. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1, which consisted of patients in whom pterygium did not recur, and Group 2, which consisted of patients in whom pterygium recurred after surgery. Results. The patients in Group 1 had lower tear osmolarity levels after surgery than those at baseline (all P0.05). Conclusions. Anormal tear film function associated with pterygium. Pterygium excision improved tear osmolarity and tear film function. However, tear osmolarity deteriorated again with the recurrence of pterygium.

The research was carried out with aim of determining fertility and other problems in the vicinity of Burhaniye. The research soils are alluvial soils. The climate is moderate and semi humid. The vegetation are agricultural plants. The topography is almost smooth. Dominant soil farming processes are weak calcification and podsolization, eluviasyon, illuviasyon, loss, translocation and synthesis. The aspect of horizonation is weak. Hydraulic conductivity classes are moderately slow, medium and moderately speed. Drainage classes are medium and poor. Texture classes are medium, moderately fine and fine. These soils are insaline soils. Reaction classes are slightly alkali and moderately alkali. Calcareous classes are trace, few and moderately few. Organic matter classes are very few, few, medium and high. Phosphorus and potassium classes are very few, few, medium and high. In addition some fertility, soil management and other related problems are exist. For example forming of compacting and plow pan.

Bu araştırma Burhaniye Yöresinde topraklarının verimlilik ve diğer problemlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma konusu topraklar allüviyal topraklardır. İklim mutedil ve yarı yağışlıdır. Bitki örtüsü tarımsal bitkilerdir. Topoğrafya hemen hemen düzdür. Hakim toprak yapıcı süreçler zayıf kireçleşme ve podzollaşma, yıkanma, birikme, kayıp, yer değiştirme ve sentezdir. Horizonlaşma durumu zayıftır. Hidrolik geçirgenlik sınıfları orta yavaş, orta ve orta hızlıdır. Drenaj orta ve yetersizdir. Tekstür sınıfları orta, orta derecede ince ve incedir. Bu topraklar tuzsuz topraklardır. Reaksiyon sınıfları hafif alkali ve orta derecede alkalidir. Kireçlilik sınıfları eseri, az kireçli ve orta derecede az kireçlidir. Organik madde sınıfları çok az, az, orta ve yüksektir. Bunlara ilaveten bir kısım verimlilik, toprak amenajman kompaktlaşma ve pulluk tabanı oluşumu ve ilgili diğer problemler de mevcuttur.

Lattice-valued fuzzy measures are lattice-valued set functions which assign the bottom element of the lattice to the empty set and the top element of the lattice to the entire universe, satisfying the additive properties and the property of monotonicity. In this paper, we use the lattice-valued fuzzy measures and outer measure definitions and generalize the Caratheodory extension theorem for lattice-valued fuzzy measures.