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Throughout history, social events in different parts of the world for different reasons have brought along many changes and transformations. With the emergence of nation states, the internal fragility of the nation states has increased as a result of the drawing of new borders and the coexistence of different social, cultural, religious and economic groups within these borders. One of these countries is Iran. The fact that it has a wide variety of racial, linguistic, sect and economic groups and that it stands out with the Sunni states as the representative of Shiite Theopolitics in the Middle East and its opposition to the USA and Israel increases the risk of internal fragility, both internal and external support of Iran. Today, many different parameters can play a role in the basis of social movements that started largely on an economic basis. In this study, together with Iran's ethnic, linguistic and sectarian diversity, parameters such as the general poverty level of the people and the distribution of oil resources by the provinces were evaluated together with the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method and a provincial-based possible internal conflict risk map of Iran was created.

In this work, N-(4-(N-acetylsulfamoyl)phenyl)-2-benzoyl-3-oxo-3-phenylpropanamide (HL) was synthesized by treating the appropriate dibenzoylaceticacid-N-carboxyethylamide with N-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonylacetamide and also characterized by using various analytical and spectroscopic techniques. Further, six metal complexes were synthesized from Zn(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), Cu(II), Co(II), and Pd(II) acetate and ligand in 1:2 ratio respectively. While Cu(II) and Pd(II) complexes exhibited square planar geometry, the others displayed octahedral geometry. Newly synthesized compounds were performed for antioxidant, DNA cleavage and antimicrobial activities. Tested compounds exhibited great potential antioxidant activity, especially Zn and Pd complexes. DNA cleavage results indicated that DNA could cleave with compounds through interaction. These compounds were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against seven microorganism species and showed moderate antimicrobial activity.

Enerji talebinin surekli arttigi gunumuzde cevreci ve uzun omurlu bir alternatif olarak yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarinin kullanimi hizla artmaktadir. Bu kaynaklarin en ucuz ve cevresel olanlarinin basinda ise gunes enerjisi gelmektedir. Turkiye de gunes enerjisi potansiyelin yuksek oldugu ve son zamanlarda enerji uretimi icinde gunes enerjisinin payinin arttigi ulkelerden biridir. Turkiye’de gunes enerjisi potansiyelin en yuksek oldugu bolge ise Guneydogu Anadolu Bolgesi’dir. Bolge genelinde ise hem enerji ihtiyaci hem de gunes enerjisi acisindan potansiyeli yuksek olan illerin basinda Gaziantep gelmektedir. Saha gerek yillik toplam guneslenme suresi, gerekse de yillik toplam gunes radyasyonu miktari bakimindan Turkiye ortalamasinin uzerinde bir potansiyele sahiptir.Turkiye’nin 6. buyuk kenti olan Gaziantep ayni zamanda hem bolge hem de Ortadogu sanayisinin lokomotifi durumunda olup, enerji ihtiyaci da diger cevre illere gore de oldukca fazladir. Bu nedenle calisma alani olarak Gaziantep ili secilmis ve arazi kullanimi, trafolara uzaklik, ortalama sicaklik, global guneslenme durumu, ortalama guneslenme suresi, egim, baki ve ana ulasim guzergahlarina uzaklik parametreleri kullanilarak Gaziantep ilinin gunes enerjisi verimlilik haritasi cizilmistir. Bu haritanin olusturulmasi icin cok kriterli karar verme yontemlerinden Analitik Hiyerarsi Yontemi (AHY) kullanilmistir. Calismanin sonucuna gore Gaziantep ili arazisinin yaklasik % 8’i gunes enerjisi verimliligi acisindan cok uygun iken, % 44’u ise uygun durumdadir.

New eight-coordinate Sm(III) complexes have been synthesized by diketone ligand having different substituent groups and 1,10-phenanthroline. Structural parameters of complex [Sm(BCP-PPon)(3)(Phen)] were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction study. Also, geometry optimization of the complexes were performed and compared with experimental data. In addition to photoluminescence properties of the Sm(III) complexes, elemental analysis, UV-Vis, FT-IR, MALDI-TOF MS methods were used to investigate of their structural properties. Synthesis studies, structure and luminescence of Sm(III) complexes of the type [Sm(MPBP-PPon)(3)(Phen)], [Sm(BMP-PPon)(3)(Phen)]center dot 2H(2)O, [Sm(BCP-PPon)(3)(Phen)] ([MPBP-PPon = 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-tert-butyl-phenyl)-1,3-propanedione; BMP-PPon = 1,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-propanedione; BCP-PPon = 1,3-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-propanedione and Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline]) were reported in detail. The two types of intermolecular interactions (C-H center dot center dot center dot O) and (C-H center dot center dot center dot Cl) were observed in the structure of the complex [Sm(BCP-PPon)(3)(Phen)]. It was observed that the bond lengths' and angles' results obtained theoretically of the complex were in harmony with experimental data.

Two polydentade Schiff base ligands and their Ru(III), Cr(III) and Fe(III) complexes were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis (C, H, N), UV/Vis, FT IR, 1H and 13C NMR, LC–MS/MS, molar conductivity and magnetic susceptibility techniques. The absorption bands in the electronic spectra and magnetic moment measurements verified an octahedral environment around the metal ions in the complexes. The thermal stabilities were investigated using TGA. The synthesized complexes were used in the catalytic oxidation of 2-methyl naphthalene (2MN) to 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone; vitamin K3, menadione, 2MNQ; using hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid and sulfuric acid. L1-Fe(III) complex showed very efficient catalytic activity with 58.54% selectivity in the conversions of 79.11%. Keywords: Schiff base, Ru(III), Cr(III) and Fe(III) complexes, Catalyst, Vitamin K, Menadione

A new Schiff base ligand was synthesized from a reaction of 5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-phenyl-2H-pyridazine-3-one and 1,3-diaminopropane. Schiff base metal complexes were synthesized from a reaction of Ni(AcO)2×4H2O, Cu(AcO)2×H2O, Co(AcO)2×4H2O, Pd(AcO)2 metal salts and ligand, respectively. All compounds were characterized using magnetic susceptibility, elemental analysis, NMR (for ligand), UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopic analysis. While octahedral structure has been proposed for Ni(II), Pd(II) and Co(II) complexes, square-planar geometry is suggested for Cu(II) complex. Synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant effect, DNA cleavage and antimicrobial studies. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of compounds 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 on DPPH were found as 38.5%, 32.5%, 36.9%, 35.7% and 45.7% at 200 mg l-1, respectively. The compounds 4 and 5 revealed maximum ferrous chelating activity of 64.5% and 78.1% at 200 mg ml-1, respectively. For all the compounds, DNA cleavage studies showed complete DNA digestion at 100 mg ml-1. Antimicrobial activities of 3 and 4 complexes against Staphylococcus aureus (ATTC 6538) were determined to be in 12 mm diameter.

River regulation is challenging when there is diverse upstream and downstream interest, leading to regional and international conflict. However, quantifying the upstream-downstream flow regime changes and their causes are given less consideration in the river basin. In this study, we presented three new ratios for downstream-upstream low flow contribution (DUL), downstream-upstream high flow contribution ratio (DUH), and meteorological-hydrological drought ratio (MHD), for an integrated assessment of flow regime alteration across the river basin. To test the methods, we compared flow regime alteration upstream and downstream in the Ceyhan basin in central Turkey, which was significantly modified by agriculture between 1984 and 2018 (the irrigated area increased 2.8-fold, rainfed farming decreased by 67.6%). Our analysis revealed a clear change in the contribution of low and high flow seasons to annual flow in the last station of the river at Misis after 1984, but no considerable change in upstream tributaries. In the last decade (2005–2014) and the second half (1995–2014) of the study, the frequency of hydrological droughts increased, while meteorological droughts followed a stationary pattern. Evaluation of the impact of anthropogenic activities on river regime (by comparing flow regime characteristics after 1984 with those from 1975 to 1984 as post- and pre-impact periods) revealed low to incipient impact upstream (Hankoy, Karaahmet, and Kadirli river headwaters), severe impact below the Aslantas dam in the basin center, and moderate impact at the last station on the Ceyhan river. The new metrics provide supplementary information on the flow regime alteration in the basin and can be introduced as a novel quantitative measure to recognize the driving factor of droughts.

Son yıllarda artan şiddet ve savaş ortamından dolayı dünyadaki sığınmacı sayısı hızla artmaktadır. Bu durumundan en fazla etkilenen ülkelerin başında ise Türkiye gelmektedir. Özellikle Suriye iç savaşı Türkiye’nin sınır kentleri başta olmak üzere büyük şehirlerine hızlı bir sığınmacı akını yaşanmasına neden olmuştur. Bu durum Suriyeli sığınmacılar kadar Türkiye halkını da yakından ilgilendirmektedir. Fakat Türkiye’de sığınmacılar kendi başlarına bir problem olarak görülmekte ve sorunun çözümü için sadece sığınmacılar üzerine odaklanılmaktadır. Hâlbuki aynı mekânı paylaşmalarından dolayı sığınmacı ve yerel halkın etkileşiminin karşılıklı ele alınması gerekmektedir. Nitekim uyumlu bir sosyal ve kültürel ortamın yaratılması için sığınmacılar kadar yerel halka da büyük görevler düşmektedir. Bu durum sığınmacılar ile ilgili sorunların çözümü için yerel halkla ilgili çeşitli bilimsel çalışma yapmayı ve politikalar geliştirmeyi zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu toplumsal konuya bilimsel katkı sağlamak amacıyla yapılan bu çalışmada, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti vatandaşların Suriyeli sığınmacılar ile ilgili algılarının ne olduğu belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada önemli ölçüde sığınmacı barındıran Gaziantep şehri örneklem alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Şehirde farklı cinsiyet, yaş, meslek, mahalle ve gelir düzeyine sahip Türkiye Cumhuriyeti vatandaşıyla rastgele örneklem yöntemiyle anket ve mülakat yapılmıştır. Dolayısıyla çalışmada hem nicel hem de nitel araştırma yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Böylece çalışmanın güvenirliliği daha da arttırılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre Gaziantep şehrinde sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik düzeydeki farklılıklara bağlı olarak sığınmacılar ile ilgili algının da farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Şehir genelinde sığınmacıların varlığını olumsuz karşılayanların oranı ise % 45 civarındadır.

The Arvandroud river (also known as Shatt-al-Arab) and its estuary have been degraded due to the changing river flow regime in the Tigris and Euphrates. This study assessed changes in flow from the major rivers and the impacts on the estuary. To assess the river flow changes, three major flow regime attributes were computed: timing (TIF), magnitude (MIF), and variability (VIF). By combining these indices, the total flow regime impact factor (IF) was scaled between 0 and 1, and classified into five groups: Low (0.80

Two novel tridentate SNS pincer type ligands, 2,6-bis[[(2 $$^\prime $$ -methoxyphenyl)thio]methyl]pyridine (L1) and 2,6-bis[[(2 $$^\prime $$ -chlorophenyl)thio]methyl]pyridine (L2), each possessing two sulfur and one nitrogen donor functionalities (SNS), based on 2,6-bis(thioether)pyridine ligands were prepared and metallised with $$\hbox {CuCl}_{2}\cdot 2\hbox {H}_{2}\hbox {O}$$ and $$\hbox {FeCl}_{2}\cdot 4\hbox {H}_{2}\hbox {O}$$ metal salts. Two new unanticipated complexes were obtained from the L2 ligand, the dimeric bidentate Cu(I) complex $$[\mathbf{Cu}_{\mathbf{2}}({\varvec{\upkappa }}^{\mathbf{2}}\mathbf{-L2})_{\mathbf{2}}{} \mathbf{Cl}_{\mathbf{2}}]$$ and tridentate Fe(II) complex $$[\mathbf{Fe}({\varvec{\upkappa }}^{\mathbf{3}}{} \mathbf{-L2})\mathbf{Cl}_{\mathbf{2}}]$$ while two new tridentate pincer-type complexes M( $$\upkappa ^{3}$$ -L1) $$\hbox {Cl}_{2}$$ ] ( $$\hbox {M} = \hbox {Cu},\hbox { Fe}$$ ) were formed from the L1 ligand. It was observed that the structure of this Cu(I) complex has a tetrahedral geometry using single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In addition, catalytic properties of metal complexes towards the formation of cyclic carbonates from $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$ and epoxides were investigated. The less sterically hindered Fe(II) complex with the L1 ligand $$[\mathbf{Fe}({\varvec{\upkappa }}^{\mathbf{3}}\mathbf{-L1})\mathbf{Cl}_{\mathbf{2}}]$$ (2) showed the best catalytic activity. Several parameters including temperature, time, epoxide identity and $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$ pressure were investigated to find the optimum catalytic reaction conditions. Moreover, DFT studies of these compounds are presented in the study. Two novel tridentate SNS pincer type ligands and their metal complexes were synthesized and characterized. In addition, the catalytic properties of the metal complexes towards the formation of cyclic carbonates from $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$ and epoxides were investigated. The less sterically hindered [Fe( $$\upkappa ^{3}$$ -L1) $$\hbox {Cl}_{2}$$ ] (2) showed the best catalytic activity. Several parameters including temperature, time, epoxide identity and $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$ pressure were investigated to find the optimum catalytic reaction conditions. Moreover, DFT studies of these compounds are presented in the study.

We reported the improved catalytic property of Pd (0) nanoparticles decorated on amine-functionalized graphene nanosheets (Pd/GNS-NH2) for the hydrogenation of nitrophenol derivatives in the presence of NaBH4 at moderate conditions. Pd/GNS-NH2 nanocatalyst was synthesized by the deposition-reduction method. Sundry techniques such as ICP-OES, P-XRD, XPS, TEM, HR-TEM and EDX have been applied to explain the structure and morphology of the Pd/GNS-NH2 nanocatalyst. The results show that the Pd (0) nanoparticles are perfectly dispersed on the surface of the GNS-NH2 support material (d(mean) = 1.38-2.63 nm). The catalytic activity of the Pd/GNS-NH2 nanocatalyst was tested in the hydrogenation of nitrophenol derivatives in water in the presence of NaBH4 as reductant and the excellent activity of nanocatalyst have been detected against 2-nitrophenol, 4nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol derivatives with 116.8, 65.9, 42.8 and 11.4 min(-1) initial TOF values, respectively. Another important point is that the nanocatalyst has very high reusability performance (at 5th reuse between 71.5 and 91.5%) for the hydrogenation of nitrophenols. Finally, catalytic studies have been carried out at various temperatures to calculate the E-a, Delta H-not equal and Delta S-not equal.

Ozdemir, Namik/0000-0003-3371-9874; OZDEMIR, MECIT/0000-0003-4763-0360; SEN, Fatih/0000-0003-1593-8483 WOS: 000385901800072 In this study, a new heterocyclic Schiff base has been synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, NMR (H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR), UV-Vis, Mass spectroscopies and single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. The molecular geometry obtained from the X-ray structure determination was optimized using Density Functional Theory (DFT/B3LYP) method with the 6-31G+(d, p) basis set in ground state. From the optimized geometry of the title molecule, the geometric parameters (bond lengths, bond angles and torsion angles), vibrational wavenumbers and chemical shifts were computed. In addition, the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and nonlinear optical (NLO) property of this molecule were determined using a DFT protocol at the B3LYP/6-31+G (d, p) level. For the purpose of the structural conformity of the title molecule, the theoretical results were compared with the experimental values. This comparison indicated that the theoretically calculated results are in agreement with the experimental data on the whole. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

kanmazalp, sibel demir/0000-0002-5896-0966; Dege, Necmi/0000-0003-0660-4721 WOS: 000377828700041 The title compound, 2-benzoyl-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-oxo-3-phenylpropanamide compound (C22H16NO3Cl) has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, IR, H-1 and C-13 NMR and UV-Vis spectra. Optimized geometrical structure, harmonic vibrational frequencies and chemical shifts were computed using hybrid-DFT (B3LYP and B3PW91) methods and 6-311G(d,p) as the basis set. The results of the optimized molecular structure are presented and compared with the experimental X-ray diffraction. The calculated optimized geometries, vibrational frequencies and H-1 NMR chemical shift values are in strong agreement with experimentally measured values. UV-Vis spectrum of the title compound, was also recorded and the electronic properties, such as calculated energies, excitation energies, oscillator strengths, dipole moments and frontier orbital energies and band gap energies were computed with TDDFT-B3LYP methodolgy and using 6-311G(d,p) as the basis set. Furthermore, frontier molecular orbitals (FMO), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), natural bond orbital (NBO) and non linear optical (NLO) properties were performed by using B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level for the title compound. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

WOS: 000464620100001 -Diketone lanthanide complexes are used mainly in lighting, telecommunication, screens, safety inks, and marking as well as in the field of luminescent materials for probes in biosciences. Two new lanthanide ternary complexes, the general formula Eu(BCPP)(3)(Phen) and Tb(BCPP)(3)(Phen), combined 1,3-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-propanedione (BCPP) with 1,10-phenanthroline as a secondary ligand, were synthesized and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, FT-IR, and MALDI-TOF MS. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that these Eu(III) and Tb(III) complexes displayed bidentate ligands and a square antiprism geometry for the metal center. Also, the absorption and thermal behavior of these lanthanide complexes were investigated. When the maximum absorption of the lanthanide complexes was compared, it was observed that the absorption wavelength of the lanthanide complexes were red shifted in DMSO, DMF, and DCM, depending on the polarity of the solvent. TuBTAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [115Z840]; Giresun UniversityGiresun University [FEN-BAP-A-140316-57] 1 The authors thank TuBTAK (Project no: 115Z840) and Giresun University (FEN-BAP-A-140316-57) for the financial support.

Two new chiral thiosemicarbazide ligands and their Cu (II), Ni (II), Pd (II), and Zn (II) complexes were synthesized and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (only for ligand), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis), mass, and elemental analysis. The antioxidant activity of ligands and their metal complexes was examined. It was found that the antioxidant activity of metal complexes was better than their ligands. In addition, the antioxidant activity, as reflected by free radical scavenging, was evaluated. Besides, Pd (II) complexes exhibited better antioxidant activity than Ni (II), Cu (II), and Zn (II) complexes. Therefore, complexes (3a-Pd and 3b-Pd) can be used as an antioxidant agent or antioxidant test standard.

Cok boyutlu olan kuraklik her ne kadar temelde meteorolojik kokenli ise de insan faaliyetlerinin de onemli olcude etkiledigi bir olaydir. Ozellikle yuksek miktarda su isteyen bitkilerin dusuk yagis ve yuksek sicaklik degerlerinin oldugu alanlarda sulama yontemiyle uretime baslanmasi, oncelikle yer alti suyu seviyesini dusurmekte ardindan tarimsal kurakliga neden olmaktadir. Calismaya konu olan Kavar depresyonu (Iran) hatali urun secimi ve su noksanligi nedeniyle gunumuzde benzer sorunlarla karsi karsiyadir. Bunu belirlemek amaciyla oncelikle calisma sahasinin 1975-2017 yillari arasindaki arazi kullanimindaki degisimleri ele alinmistir. Landsat uydu goruntulerinden elde edilen veriler islenerek calisma sahasinda sulama ile uretimi gerceklesen alanlarin zamansal degisimi ortaya konulmustur. Ote yandan yorenin yagis, sicaklik, buharlasma ve su noksanligi da belirlenmistir. Ayrica bolgede urunlerin hektar basina su kullanim degerlerine de ulasilmistir. Boylece arazi kullanimindaki degisimlerin yaninda depresyonun iklim elemanlarindaki degisimler de ortaya konulmustur. Sonucta 1975’ten gunumuze hizla artan sulu tarim alanlarinin toplam su istekleri ile depresyonun mevcut su potansiyeli arasindaki iliski ele alinmis ve bu baglamda cesitli cikarimlarda bulunularak gelecege yonelik tahminler ve cozum onerilerinde bulunulmustur. Calismada Landsat 4, 5 ve 8 verileri uzaktan algilama teknikleriyle islenirken, iklim verileri icin nonparamedik Mann-Kendall test korelasyonu ve Thornthwaite Metodu kullanilmistir.

Crystal structure of the title compound, C26H21N3O5, has been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and X-ray single crystal determination. The molecular geometry was also calculated by using Gaussian 03 software and structure was optimized by using HF and DFT/B3LYP method with the 6-31G(d) basis sets in ground state. The comparison of the theoretical and experimental geometries of the title compound indicated that the X-ray parameters agree with the theoretically obtained values. It was seen that R(2) value changes from 0.015 to 0.021 Å for bond length and angle. The calculated vibrational frequencies are also in good agreement with the experimental results. The (1)H and (13)C NMR chemical shifts values of (E)-2-(2-hydroxystyryl)-6-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)-one molecule have been calculated by the GIAO method. Besides, molecular electrostatic potential maps (MEP), Mulliken charges and Nonlinear Optical effects (NLO) analysis of the compound have been calculated by the HF and B3LYP/6-31G(d) methods.

Zengin, Gulay/0000-0001-5454-006X WOS: 000441789200035 This study includes the synthesis, characterization, electrochemical analysis and photoluminescence properties of a Schiff base ligand bearing a pyrimidine ring and its Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Pd(II) metal complexes. The Schiff base ligand was derived from the condensation reaction of a pyrimidine amine with 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde. The structures were characterized using FT-IR, UV-Vis, elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility and electrolytic conductivity. The ligand and its metal complexes displayed strong violet emissions upon UV exposure. The photoluminescence quantum yield and excited-state decay were measured for the ligand and its complexes. The excited-state lifetime for the ligand was 3.70 ns and its quantum yield of luminescence was found to be 0.40. A reduction in photoluminescence intensity and quantum yield was observed upon metal ion complexation. The compounds synthesized were studied by cyclic voltammetry to probe the existence of electrochemical reduction and oxidation processes.

Due to theincreasing of violence and war, the number of refugees in the world is rapidlyincreasing in recent years. Among countries, Turkey is the most affected onefrom this situation. The Syrian civil war has led a rapid refugee influx tomajor cities of Turkey’s border. As Syrian refugees, this case is closelyrelated to the people live in Turkey. Refugees in Turkey are seen as a problemon their own and it is only focused on refugees for the solution. Due tosharing the same place, refugees and interaction of local people must be dealtwith an entirely. As a matter of fact, refugees as well as local people havegreat responsibility in order to create a social cohesion and culturalenvironment. In this case, there should be various scientific studies on thelocal people and some policies should be improved at the same time in order tosolve the problems which are related to refugees. This study aims a scientificcontribution to this social issue and try to determine what the perception ofcitizens of the Republic of Turkey about Syrian refugees is. Case of Gaziantep,which mostly hosting refugees, is selected as the sample. In this context, byrandom questionnaires and interviews with citizens of the Republic of Turkeyfrom the point of view of their differences of sex, age, job, district andincome levels were conducted. Therefore,both of quantitative and qualitative research methods were utilized. Thus, thereliability of studying is enhanced a lot. In regard to the findings in thisstudy, perceptions about refugees have been determined that differentiation dueto differences in social, cultural, and economic levels in Gaziantep. Acrossthe city, the rate of negative thoughts for the presence of refugees is around45 %., Sonyıllarda artan şiddet ve savaş ortamından dolayı dünyadaki sığınmacı sayısıhızla artmaktadır. Bu durumundan en fazla etkilenen ülkelerin başında iseTürkiye gelmektedir. Özellikle Suriye iç savaşı Türkiye’nin sınır kentleribaşta olmak üzere büyük şehirlerine hızlı bir sığınmacı akını yaşanmasına nedenolmuştur. Bu durum Suriyeli sığınmacılar kadar Türkiye halkını da yakındanilgilendirmektedir. Fakat Türkiye’de sığınmacılar kendi başlarına bir problemolarak görülmekte ve sorunun çözümü için sadece sığınmacılar üzerineodaklanılmaktadır. Hâlbuki aynı mekânı paylaşmalarından dolayı sığınmacı veyerel halkın etkileşiminin karşılıklı ele alınması gerekmektedir. Nitekimuyumlu bir sosyal ve kültürel ortamın yaratılması için sığınmacılar kadar yerelhalka da büyük görevler düşmektedir. Bu durum sığınmacılar ile ilgilisorunların çözümü için yerel halkla ilgili çeşitli bilimsel çalışma yapmayı vepolitikalar geliştirmeyi zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu toplumsal konuya bilimselkatkı sağlamak amacıyla yapılan bu çalışmada, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti vatandaşlarınSuriyeli sığınmacılar ile ilgili algılarının ne olduğu belirlenmeyeçalışılmıştır. Çalışmada önemli ölçüde sığınmacı barındıran Gaziantep şehriörneklem alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Şehirde farklı cinsiyet, yaş, meslek,mahalle ve gelir düzeyine sahip Türkiye Cumhuriyeti vatandaşıyla rastgeleörneklem yöntemiyle anket ve mülakat yapılmıştır. Dolayısıyla çalışmada hemnicel hem de nitel araştırma yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Böylece çalışmanıngüvenirliliği daha da arttırılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre Gaziantepşehrinde sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik düzeydeki farklılıklara bağlı olarak sığınmacılarile ilgili algının da farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Şehir genelinde sığınmacılarınvarlığını olumsuz karşılayanların oranı ise % 45 civarındadır.

ceylan, umit/0000-0002-1461-9889 WOS: 000408299900003 In this study, Cu(II) complex, C52H40CuN6O10, was synthesized and the molecular structure was characterized by experimental Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), vibrational frequencies, absorption wavelengths and compared with theoretical methods. The molecular geometry was calculated and optimized by using Gaussian 09 software and DFT-B3LYP and B3PW91 methods with the LanL2DZ basis sets in ground state. The theoretical vibrational frequencies, was optimized geometric parameters such as bond lengths, bond angles and torsion angles and absorption wavelengths, NBO, FMO analysis, HOMO-LUMO energy and nonlinear optical properties, molecular electrostatic potential, spin density have been calculated via quantum chemical methods. Theoretically calculated data were compared with experimentally measured data. Also, the results obtained by using the two basis sets were compared with each other. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Calismaya konu olan Sultansazligi Sulak Alani Turkiye’nin onemli sulak alanlarindan biri olup, son yillarda onemli tehditlerle karsi karsiyadir. Bu calismada Sultansazligi ve yakin cevresinin arazi ortusu ve arazi kullanimindaki degisimler ile bu degisimlerin nedenleri arastirilmistir. Buna yonelik olarak oncelikle calisma sahasinin 1977-2014 yillari arasindaki (12 Agustos 1977 Landsat MSS, 17 agustos 2003 yilina ait Landsat TM ve 15 Agustos 2014 yillina ait Landsat OLI/TIRS) uydu goruntulerinden faydalanilarak calisma sahasi ve yakin cevresinin arazi ortusu ve arazi kullanimi ortaya konmustur. Buna gore Sultansazligi ve yakin cevresinde su yuzeyleri ve mera alanlarinda onemli daralma yasanirken, bitkiden yoksun yuzeyler ile sulamali tarim yapilan sahalarda onemli artislar yasanmistir. Bu degisimler ile iliskili olabilecegi dusunulen iklim elemanlarinin analizleri icin meteorolojik veriler kullanilmis, bu veriler dogrusal ve Mann-Kendall korelasyon analizlerine tabi tutulmustur. Ayrica ayni verilerden Thornthwaite metodu kullanilarak calisma sahasinin su bilancosu belirlenmistir. Bunun yaninda calisma sahasi ve yakin cevresinin arazi kullanimi ve tarimsal uretimi ile ilgili verilere ulasilmis ve bunlarin Sultansazligi’ndaki sulak alanlarla iliskisi ortaya konulmustur. Elde edilen bulgular Sultansazligi sulak alani ve yakin cevresindeki ekosistemi tehdit eden iklim kosullari yaninda asil unsurun insan faaliyetleri oldugunu ve bugunku kullanimla alanin surdurulebilir yonetiminin mumkun olmadigini gostermistir.

A new N-carboxamide compound (3) was synthesized by the reaction of dibenzoylaceticacid-$N$-carboxyethyla\-mide (1) and 3,4-dichloroaniline (2). The $N$-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-oxo-3-phenyl-2-(phenylcarbonyl) propanamide (3) subsequently reacted with Cu salt to produce its Cu(II) complex compound (4). The compounds were characterized by analytical and spectral methods. In addition, X-ray diffraction was performed to characterize and obtain detailed information about the structure of 3. The fully optimized geometries of compounds 3 and 4 were calculated at different basis sets by using the Gaussian09 (G09) software to investigate their 3D geometries and electronic structures. Comparisons between the calculated and experimental data including molecular structures, fundamental vibrational modes, and electronic properties were made. The comparisons showed that the theoretical data were compatible with the corresponding experimental values of compounds 3 and 4.

The rapidly increasing of world population has increased the need of energy and food. The gap which has occurred in agriculture are tried to resolve by opening new agricultural areas and irrigation and using of input. Meanwhile the gap which has occurred in energy are tried to resolve by dams, wind and waves which are relatively more environmental and likely renewal energy sources. The exhaustible energy sources which are distributed unevenly across the globe as well as accelerated industrialization in the world has increased the importance of renewable energy sources. Generally which are known as the most renewable and environmental energy sources are the dams. Whereas in our country the dams which are benefited greatly in irrigation and energy, narrowing the agriculture fields, siltation, degradation of ecosystem and migration bring too many problems with

Metal complexes of 1-aminopyrimidine-2(1H)-thione were prepared from acetate salts of Co(II), Ni(II), Pd(II) and Pt(II) in methanol. Electronic spectral data and magnetic moment measurements suggest mononuclear square planar geometrical structures for the metal complexes. The ligand and all the metal complexes were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. The newly synthesised ligand and the Co(II) complex showed moderate activity against all tested bacteria and yeast strains.

A series of amide ligands was prepared by the reactions of 5-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-2,3-furandione and aromatic amines. The ligands reacted with Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions to yield mononuclear complexes. The ligands and complexes were characterised by elemental analyses, mass, FTIR, UV-vis, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral studies, as well as magnetic moment, AAS and conductance measurements as appropriate

Aygun, Muhittin/0000-0001-9670-9062; Aygun, Muhittin/0000-0001-9670-9062; ceylan, umit/0000-0003-2888-2378 WOS: 000360870100049 The title compound, C22H16N2O5, was synthesized and characterized by experimental techniques (FT-IR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, UV-Vis and X-Ray single crystal determination) and theoretical calculations. The molecular geometry, vibrational frequencies, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), thermodynamic properties, the dipole moments, HOMO-LUMO energy has been calculated by using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method with 6-311G(d,p) and 6-311++G(d,p) basis sets. H-1 and C-13 NMR chemical shifts show good agreement with experimental values. According to calculated results, the 6-311G(d,p) and 6-311++G(d,p) basis sets have showed similar results. The optimized geometry can well reproduce the crystal structure parameters. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Presidency of Scientific Research Projects of University GaziantepGaziantep University [FEF.10.08] This study was funded from Presidency of Scientific Research Projects of University Gaziantep (FEF.10.08). The authors thank Harran University Chemistry Department and Central Laboratory for IR and NMR, respectively; Dokuz Eylul University for XRD measurement of the title compound.

PubMed: 25305624 In this study, the title compound named as 4-benzoyl-5-phenyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)-3,3a-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one (C24H18N4O2) was both experimentally and theoretically investigated. The compound was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, NMR (1H NMR, 13C NMR and HETCOR-NMR), Mass spectroscopies and single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 6.1402 (3) Å, b = 21.4470 (15) Å, c = 15.0049 (8) Å and ? = 97.407 (4)°. The molecular geometry was obtained from the X-ray structure determination optimized using density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) method with the 6-31+G(d, p) basis set in ground state. From the optimized structure, geometric parameters, vibrational wavenumbers and chemical shifts of molecule were obtained. Experimental measurements were compared with its corresponding the calculated data. An excellent harmony between the two data was ascertained. Besides, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and non-linear optical (NLO) properties of the title molecule were investigated by theoretical calculations at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d, p) level.

In the title compound, C19H17NO5, the dihedral angle between the phenyl groups is 79.55 (15)°. The terminal ethoxy group is disordered over two orientations in a 0.873 (6):0.127 (6) ratio. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds into [001] chains which incorporateR12(6) loops. A very weak C—H...π contact also occurs.

Mardin ovasının güneybatı kesiminde kalan Kızıltepe ovası, sahip olduğu verimli ve geniş topraklar sayesinde hızla nüfuslanmaktadır. Ovada 2000’li yılların başına kadar nadas yöntemiyle buğday ve arpa gibi tahıllar ile mercimek ve nohut gibi baklagiller tarımsal üretimde önemli yer kaplarken, son yıllarda yer altı suyunun kullanılmaya başlanmasıyla sulamalı tarım yaygınlaşmış ve mısır ile pamuk gibi yüksek gelir getiren ürünler tarımsal üretimde ön plana çıkmıştır. Kızıltepe ovasında sulamalı tarıma geçişi ürünlerin ekim alanlarının genişleyip daralmasından, yaptığımız gözlemler ve 2000 ile 2010 yılına ait uydu görüntülerinden izlemek mümkündür. Özellikle çiftçiler ile yaptığımız mülakatlar, uydu görüntülerindeki değişim ve TÜİK’in ürünlerin ekim alanlarına ait verileri arasındaki sıkı ilişki, Landsat uydu görüntüleri ile TÜİK verilerinin güvenirliliğini de ortaya koymuştur. Bunun yanında rotasyonla ürün ekiminin yapıldığı ilçede bu sistemin başarıyla uygulandığı da gözlemlenmiştir. Ancak özellikle geçmişte Harran ve Karapınar ovalarında sulamada gerekli tedbirlerin alınmamış olması ve yanlış sulama yüzünden kalsifikasyon (kireçlenme), çoraklaşma ve tuzlanma gibi önemli sorunlar belirmiştir. Bu amaçla Kızıltepe ilçesinin iklim verileri, su kapasitesi, ürünün su isteği gibi parametreler de değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece, çalışmada Kızıltepe ilçesinde sulamalı tarım vasıtasıyla ürün desenindeki değişim ortaya konulmuş, ürünler n su istekleri ile iklim arasındaki ilişki değerlendirilmiş ve oluşabilecek olası sorunlar irdelenmiştir, The population of the plain Kızıltepe, which is in the southwestern part of the plain Mardin, is rapidly increasing due to the its productive and large lands. Whereas cereals such as wheat and barley and legumes such as lentils and chickpeas were covered and dominant in the plain with the fallow method till the early 2000s, in the recent years, the irrigated agriculture became widespread with the introduction of groundwater and thereby, higher-yielding products such as corn and cotton came into prominence. The transition to irrigated agriculture and expansion or restriction of product plantation lands are possible to watch with view of our observations and satellite views by the year 2000 and 2010. In particular, the close relationship between our interviews with farmers, changes in satellite images and data on TSI product plantation lands indicated that the reliability of data with the TSI and Landsat satellite images. In addition, rotation of product cultivation was successfully implemented in here. However, calcification, desertification and salinization like important issued emerged in Harran and Kayapınar plains in the past because of the not taken the measures necessary for irrigation and inappropriate irrigation techniques. For this purpose, climate date, water capacity and crop water-requirements like parameters of Kızıltepe district were evaluated as well. Thus, in the present study, changing in cropping patterns with the introduction to irrigated agriculture, the relationship between crop water-requirements and climate and potential possible problems to be emerged were evaluated and discussed in here, Kızıltepe

We have produced a Ligand(N-APTH) and Cu(II)Complex of bidentate ligand containing a ring of the pyrimidine. Optical transmission measurements of the Ligand(N-APTH) and Cu(II)Complex thin films were performed by using a UV-Visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometer. From the optical measurements, it was seen that the materials show semiconductor behaviors giving appropriate bandgaps with the values of 3.15eV and 2.36eV for Ligand(N-APTH) and Cu(II)Complex, respectively. With the pre-assumption that the material may exhibit a rectifier or ohmic behavior when it is brought into an appropriate contact with a metal, an attempt to explore the rectifying and ohmic properties of Al/Ligand(N-APTH)/Cu and Al/Cu(II)Complex/Cu contacts was made. As a result of current-voltage (I-V) measurements, it was discovered that the devices show excellent rectifier properties with a rectification ratio of about 10^-^3 for Al/Ligand(N-APTH)/Cu and 10^-^5 for Al/Cu(II)Complex/Cu rectifier contacts, respectively.

The two new mononuclear complexes were prepared by reacting symmetric Schiff base, containing pyrimidine rings and the metal chlorides of Pd(II) and Pt(II) in methanol. The mononuclear structure of the complexes was confirmed on the basis of elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, IR, UV-Vis, NMR, DTA/TGA and API-ES mass spectral data. The interaction of these metal complexes with fish sperm double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) was studied electrochemically based on the oxidation signals of guanine and adenine. Differential pulse (DP) voltammetry by using renewable pencil graphite electrode was employed to monitor the DNA interaction at the surface or in solution. The results indicate that Pd(II) and (Pt) complexes with Schiff base ligand having pyrimidine rings strongly interacted with DNA. (C) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

A new heterocyclic compound, N-(5-benzoyl-2-oxo-4-phenyl-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-malonamic acid, was synthesized from N-aminopyrimidine-2-one and malonyldichloride. Bis-chelate complexes of the ligand were prepared from acetate/chloride salts of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Fe(III), Cr(III), and Ru(III) in methanol. The structures of the ligand and its metal complexes were characterized by microanalyses, IR, NMR, API-ES, UV-Vis spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility, and conductometric analyses. Octahedral geometry was suggested for all the complexes, in which the metal center coordinates to ONO donors of the ligand. Each ligand binds the metal using C=O, HN, and carboxylate. The cyclic voltammograms of the ligand and the complexes were also discussed. The compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi using microdilution procedure. The antimicrobial studies showed that Cu(II), Fe(III), and Ru(III) complexes exhibited good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 20 and 80 mu g mL-1. However, the ligand and the complexes possess weak efficacy against Gram-negative bacterium and Candida strains. As a result, we suggest that these complexes containing pyrimidine might be a new group of antibacterial agents against Gram-positive bacteria.

Please cite this article in press as: U. Ceylan et al., Corrigendum to ‘‘Experimental and theoretical studies of (E)-1-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino methoxybenzoyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one’’ [Spectrochim. Acta A: Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 141 (2015) 307–315], Spectrochimi Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2015.03.099 Umit Ceylan a,⇑, Mehmet Emin Haciyusufoglu , Mehmet Sonmez , S erife Pinar Yalcin , Namik Ozdemir a