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2. SciDaSynth: Interactive Structured Knowledge Extraction and Synthesis from Scientific Literature with Large Language Model

Author

Wang, Xingbo, Huey, Samantha L., Sheng, Rui, Mehta, Saurabh, and Wang, Fei

Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

Extraction and synthesis of structured knowledge from extensive scientific literature are crucial for advancing and disseminating scientific progress. Although many existing systems facilitate literature review and digest, they struggle to process multimodal, varied, and inconsistent information within and across the literature into structured data. We introduce SciDaSynth, a novel interactive system powered by large language models (LLMs) that enables researchers to efficiently build structured knowledge bases from scientific literature at scale. The system automatically creates data tables to organize and summarize users' interested knowledge in literature via question-answering. Furthermore, it provides multi-level and multi-faceted exploration of the generated data tables, facilitating iterative validation, correction, and refinement. Our within-subjects study with researchers demonstrates the effectiveness and efficiency of SciDaSynth in constructing quality scientific knowledge bases. We further discuss the design implications for human-AI interaction tools for data extraction and structuring., Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures

Published
2024

4. An Electronic Data Capture Framework (ConnEDCt) for Global and Public Health Research: Design and Implementation

Author

Ruth, Caleb J, Huey, Samantha Lee, Krisher, Jesse T, Fothergill, Amy, Gannon, Bryan M, Jones, Camille Elyse, Centeno-Tablante, Elizabeth, Hackl, Laura S, Colt, Susannah, Finkelstein, Julia Leigh, and Mehta, Saurabh

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundWhen we were unable to identify an electronic data capture (EDC) package that supported our requirements for clinical research in resource-limited regions, we set out to build our own reusable EDC framework. We needed to capture data when offline, synchronize data on demand, and enforce strict eligibility requirements and complex longitudinal protocols. Based on previous experience, the geographical areas in which we conduct our research often have unreliable, slow internet access that would make web-based EDC platforms impractical. We were unwilling to fall back on paper-based data capture as we wanted other benefits of EDC. Therefore, we decided to build our own reusable software platform. In this paper, we describe our customizable EDC framework and highlight how we have used it in our ongoing surveillance programs, clinic-based cross-sectional studies, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in various settings in India and Ecuador. ObjectiveThis paper describes the creation of a mobile framework to support complex clinical research protocols in a variety of settings including clinical, surveillance, and RCTs. MethodsWe developed ConnEDCt, a mobile EDC framework for iOS devices and personal computers, using Claris FileMaker software for electronic data capture and data storage. ResultsConnEDCt was tested in the field in our clinical, surveillance, and clinical trial research contexts in India and Ecuador and continuously refined for ease of use and optimization, including specific user roles; simultaneous synchronization across multiple locations; complex randomization schemes and informed consent processes; and collecting diverse types of data (laboratory, growth measurements, sociodemographic, health history, dietary recall and feeding practices, environmental exposures, and biological specimen collection). ConclusionsConnEDCt is customizable, with regulatory-compliant security, data synchronization, and other useful features for data collection in a variety of settings and study designs. Furthermore, ConnEDCt is user friendly and lowers the risks for errors in data entry because of real time error checking and protocol enforcement.

Published
2020
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12. Vitamin B-12 and the Gastrointestinal Microbiome: A Systematic Review

Author

Guetterman, Heather M, Huey, Samantha L, Knight, Rob, Fox, Allison M, Mehta, Saurabh, and Finkelstein, Julia L

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition, Prevention, Clinical Research, Complementary and Integrative Health, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, 3.3 Nutrition and chemoprevention, Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being, Aetiology, Oral and gastrointestinal, Animals, Humans, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Vitamin B 12, Microbiota, Eating, Bacteria, Vitamins, Observational Studies as Topic, vitamin B-12, cobalamin, gut microbiota, microbiome, systematic review, Nutrition and dietetics
Abstract

Vitamin B-12 deficiency is a major public health problem affecting individuals across the lifespan, with known hematological, neurological, and obstetric consequences. Emerging evidence suggests that vitamin B-12 may have an important role in other aspects of human health, including the composition and function of the gastrointestinal (gut) microbiome. Vitamin B-12 is synthesized and utilized by bacteria in the human gut microbiome and is required for over a dozen enzymes in bacteria, compared to only 2 in humans. However, the impact of vitamin B-12 on the gut microbiome has not been established. This systematic review was conducted to examine the evidence that links vitamin B-12 and the gut microbiome. A structured search strategy was used to identify in vitro, animal, and human studies that assessed vitamin B-12 status, dietary intake, or supplementation, and the gut microbiome using culture-independent techniques. A total of 22 studies (3 in vitro, 8 animal, 11 human observational studies) were included. Nineteen studies reported that vitamin B-12 intake, status, or supplementation was associated with gut microbiome outcomes, including beta-diversity, alpha-diversity, relative abundance of bacteria, functional capacity, or short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production. Evidence suggests that vitamin B-12 may be associated with changes in bacterial abundance. While results from in vitro studies suggest that vitamin B-12 may increase alpha-diversity and shift gut microbiome composition (beta-diversity), findings from animal studies and observational human studies were heterogeneous. Based on evidence from in vitro and animal studies, microbiome outcomes may differ by cobalamin form and co-intervention. To date, few prospective observational studies and no randomized trials have been conducted to examine the effects of vitamin B-12 on the human gut microbiome. The impact of vitamin B-12 on the gut microbiome needs to be elucidated to inform screening and public health interventions.

Published
2022

18. Nutrition and the Gut Microbiota in 10- to 18-Month-Old Children Living in Urban Slums of Mumbai, India.

Author

Huey, Samantha L, Jiang, Lingjing, Fedarko, Marcus W, McDonald, Daniel, Martino, Cameron, Ali, Farhana, Russell, David G, Udipi, Shobha A, Thorat, Aparna, Thakker, Varsha, Ghugre, Padmini, Potdar, RD, Chopra, Harsha, Rajagopalan, Kripa, Haas, Jere D, Finkelstein, Julia L, Knight, Rob, and Mehta, Saurabh

Subjects
Rectum, Humans, Bacteria, Malnutrition, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Diet, Cross-Sectional Studies, Breast Feeding, Nutritional Status, Poverty Areas, Infant, Urban Population, India, Female, Male, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Genetic Variation, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, anthropometry, child, diet, fat intake, feeding practices, growth, infant, microbiome, nutrition, Clinical Research, Nutrition, Prevention, Pediatric, 3.3 Nutrition and chemoprevention, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Metabolic and endocrine, Oral and gastrointestinal, Cardiovascular
Abstract

In this cross-sectional study, we describe the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota among undernourished children living in urban slums of Mumbai, India, and determine how nutritional status, including anthropometric measurements, dietary intakes from complementary foods, feeding practices, and micronutrient concentrations, is associated with their gut microbiota. We collected rectal swabs from children aged 10 to 18 months living in urban slums of Mumbai participating in a randomized controlled feeding trial and conducted 16S rRNA sequencing to determine the composition of the gut microbiota. Across the study cohort, Proteobacteria dominated the gut microbiota at over 80% relative abundance, with Actinobacteria representation at

Published
2020

19. Anemia and Micronutrient Status during Pregnancy, and Their Associations with Obstetric and Infant Outcomes among HIV-Infected Ugandan Women Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy

Author

Finkelstein, Julia L, Herman, Heather S, Plenty, Albert, Mehta, Saurabh, Natureeba, Paul, Clark, Tamara D, Kamya, Moses R, Ruel, Theodore, Charlebois, Edwin D, Cohan, Deborah, Havlir, Diane, and Young, Sera L

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, HIV/AIDS, Prevention, Clinical Research, Nutrition, Hematology, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Pediatric, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, anemia, vitamin D, vitamin B-12, folate, sub-Saharan Africa, pregnant, postpartum, micronutrient, AIDS, Animal production, Food sciences, Nutrition and dietetics
Abstract

BackgroundWomen living with HIV (WLHIV) are at higher risk of micronutrient deficiencies and adverse health outcomes. There are limited data on the burden or sequelae of micronutrient deficiencies among pregnant WLHIV receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).ObjectivesWe aimed to examine anemia and vitamin B-12, folate, and vitamin D deficiencies, and their associations with obstetric and infant outcomes, among pregnant WLHIV initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in rural Uganda.MethodsThis was a prospective analysis among pregnant WLHIV (12-28 weeks of gestation) in PROMOTE-Pregnant Women and Infants (PIs), a randomized trial comparing the effects of protease inhibitor (PI)-based ART with those of a non-PI-based ART on placental malaria risk. We conducted a substudy on the burden of anemia [trimester 1/3: hemoglobin (Hb)

Published
2020

20. Setting research priorities on multiple micronutrient supplementation in pregnancy.

Author

Gomes, Filomena, Bourassa, Megan W, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Ajello, Clayton, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Black, Robert, Catarino, Elisabete, Chowdhury, Ranadip, Dalmiya, Nita, Dwarkanath, Pratibha, Engle-Stone, Reina, Gernand, Alison D, Goudet, Sophie, Hoddinott, John, Kaestel, Pernille, Manger, Mari S, McDonald, Christine M, Mehta, Saurabh, Moore, Sophie E, Neufeld, Lynnette M, Osendarp, Saskia, Ramachandran, Prema, Rasmussen, Kathleen M, Stewart, Christine, Sudfeld, Christopher, West, Keith, and Bergeron, Gilles

Subjects
Humans, Micronutrients, Prenatal Care, Pregnancy, Nutrition Policy, Poverty, Dietary Supplements, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Female, Nutritional Sciences, low- and middle-income countries, micronutrients, pregnancy, research priorities, supplementation, Prevention, Nutrition, Pediatric, Conditions Affecting the Embryonic and Fetal Periods, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Prenatal micronutrient deficiencies are associated with negative maternal and birth outcomes. Multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) during pregnancy is a cost-effective intervention to reduce these adverse outcomes. However, important knowledge gaps remain in the implementation of MMS interventions. The Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) methodology was applied to inform the direction of research and investments needed to support the implementation of MMS interventions for pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Following CHNRI methodology guidelines, a group of international experts in nutrition and maternal health provided and ranked the research questions that most urgently need to be resolved for prenatal MMS interventions to be successfully implemented. Seventy-three research questions were received, analyzed, and reorganized, resulting in 35 consolidated research questions. These were scored against four criteria, yielding a priority ranking where the top 10 research options focused on strategies to increase antenatal care attendance and MMS adherence, methods needed to identify populations more likely to benefit from MMS interventions and some discovery issues (e.g., potential benefit of extending MMS through lactation). This exercise prioritized 35 discrete research questions that merit serious consideration for the potential of MMS during pregnancy to be optimized in LMIC.

Published
2020

21. A Randomized Trial of Quadruple-Fortified Salt for Anemia and Birth Defects Prevention in Southern India: Protocol Design and Methods

Author

Finkelstein, Julia L., Guetterman, Heather M., Fothergill, Amy, Johnson, Christina B., Qi, Yan Ping, Jabbar, Shameem, Zhang, Mindy, Pfeiffer, Christine M., Rose, Charles E., Yeung, Lorraine F., Williams, Jennifer L., Krisher, Jesse T., Ruth, Caleb, Roy Choudhury, Dripta, Venkatramanan, Sudha, Haas, Jere D., Kuriyan, Rebecca, Mehta, Saurabh, Bonam, Wesley, and Crider, Krista S.

Published
2023
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28. Global, regional, and national sex differences in the global burden of tuberculosis by HIV status, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Ledesma, Jorge R, Ma, Jianing, Vongpradith, Avina, Maddison, Emilie R, Novotney, Amanda, Biehl, Molly H, LeGrand, Kate E, Ross, Jennifer M, Jahagirdar, Deepa, Bryazka, Dana, Feldman, Rachel, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abosetugn, Akine Eshete, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afzal, Saira, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Ahmed Salih, Yusra, Aklilu, Addis, Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alahdab, Fares, Alemayehu, Yosef, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, Liaqat, Alipour, Vahid, Alizade, Hesam, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amini, Saeed, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Anderson, Jason A, Androudi, Sofia, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Catherine M, Anwer, Razique, Arabloo, Jalal, Arja, Asrat, Asemahagn, Mulusew A, Atre, Sachin R, Azhar, Gulrez Shah, B, Darshan B, Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Baig, Atif Amin, Banach, Maciej, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barra, Fabio, Barrow, Amadou, Basu, Sanjay, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhattacharjee, Natalia V, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Boloor, Archith, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Butt, Zahid A, Carter, Austin, Carvalho, Felix, Charan, Jaykaran, Chatterjee, Souranshu, Chattu, Soosanna Kumary, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Claassens, Mareli M, Dadras, Omid, Dagnew, Amare Belachew, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Dhamnetiya, Deepak, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Diaz, Daniel, Doan, Linh Phuong, Eftekharzadeh, Sahar, Elhadi, Muhammed, Emami, Amir, Enany, Shymaa, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Ferro Desideri, Lorenzo, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foroutan, Masoud, Frank, Tahvi D, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Garcia-Calavaro, Christian, Garg, Tushar, Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goodridge, Amador, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Haider, Mohammad Rifat, Hamidi, Samer, Hanif, Asif, Haque, Shafiul, Harapan, Harapan, Hargono, Arief, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hayat, Khezar, Hezam, Kamal, Holla, Ramesh, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Househ, Mowafa, Hussain, Rabia, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Itumalla, Ramaiah, Jaafari, Jalil, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jain, Vardhmaan, Javanmardi, Fatemeh, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Joukar, Farahnaz, Kabir, Zubair, Kamath, Ashwin, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kandel, Himal, Katoto, Patrick DMC, Kayode, Gbenga A, Kendrick, Parkes J, Kerbo, Amene Abebe, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalilov, Rovshan, Khatab, Khaled, Khoja, Abdullah T, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kumar, Avinash, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Narinder, Kumar, Nithin, Kwarteng, Alexander, Lak, Hassan Mehmood, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Landires, Iván, Lasrado, Savita, Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lin, Christine, Liu, Xuefeng, Lopukhov, Platon D, Lozano, Rafael, Machado, Daiane Borges, Madhava Kunjathur, Shilpashree, Madi, Deepak, Mahajan, Preetam Bhalchandra, Majeed, Azeem, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Mehta, Saurabh, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Merie, Hayimro Edemealem, Mersha, Amanual Getnet, Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mheidly, Nour Mheidly, Misra, Sanjeev, Mithra, Prasanna, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Molokhia, Mariam, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Montasir, Ahmed Al, Moore, Catrin E, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Nair, Sanjeev, Nair, Suma, Naqvi, Atta Abbas, Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nazari, Javad, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Nixon, Molly R, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Ntsekhe, Mpiko, Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia, Oancea, Bogdan, Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade, Olagunju, Andrew T, Oren, Eyal, P A, Mahesh, Parthasarathi, Ramakrishnan, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Pattanshetty, Sanjay M, Paudel, Rajan, Paul, Pintu, Pawar, Shrikant, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Perico, Norberto, Pirestani, Majid, Polibin, Roman V, Postma, Maarten J, Pourshams, Akram, Prashant, Akila, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Ranasinghe, Priyanga, Rao, Chythra R, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Reitsma, Marissa B, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M N, Reta, Melese Abate, Rezaei, Nima, Rezahosseini, Omid, Rezai, Mohammad sadegh, Rezapour, Aziz, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roshchin, Denis O, Sabour, Siamak, Saif-Ur-Rahman, KM, Salam, Nasir, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samaei, Mehrnoosh, Samy, Abdallah M, Saroshe, Satish, Sartorius, Benn, Sathian, Brijesh, Sawyer, Susan M, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Seylani, Allen, Shafaat, Omid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sharafi, Kiomars, Shetty, Ranjitha S, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Silva, João Pedro, Singh, Jitendra Kumar, Sinha, Smriti, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadesse, Eyayou Girma, Tamir, Zemenu, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Tekalegn, Yohannes, Tesfay, Fisaha Haile, Tessema, Belay, Thapar, Rekha, Tleyjeh, Imad I, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tsegaye, Berhan, Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie, Ullah, Anayat, Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma David, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Vo, Bay, Vu, Giang Thu, Waheed, Yasir, Walters, Magdalene K, Whisnant, Joanna L, Woldekidan, Mesfin Agachew, Wubishet, Befikadu Legesse, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yazie, Taklo Simeneh Yazie, Yeshaw, Yigizie, Yi, Siyan, Yiğit, Vahit, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zastrozhina, Anasthasia, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zumla, Alimuddin, Mokdad, Ali H, Salomon, Joshua A, Reiner Jr, Robert C, Lim, Stephen S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Vos, Theo, Hay, Simon I, Murray, Christopher J L, and Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe

Published
2022
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29. Sensory acceptability of biofortified foods and food products: a systematic review.

Author

Huey, Samantha L, Bhargava, Arini, Friesen, Valerie M, Konieczynski, Elsa M, Krisher, Jesse T, Mbuya, Mduduzi N N, Mehta, Neel H, Monterrosa, Eva, Nyangaresi, Annette M, and Mehta, Saurabh

Subjects
ZINC analysis, IRON analysis, FOOD quality, SENSES, IRON in the body, RESEARCH funding, VITAMIN A, TASTE, FOOD handling, MICRONUTRIENTS, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MEDLINE, FOOD preferences, ENRICHED foods, ONLINE information services, BIOFORTIFICATION, CUSTOMER satisfaction
Abstract

Context It is important to understand the sensory acceptability of biofortified food products among target population groups if biofortification is to be realized as a sustainable strategy for mitigation of micronutrient deficiencies, able to be scaled up and applied through programs. Objective This systemic review aims to summarize and synthesize the sensory acceptability of conventionally bred iron-, zinc-, and provitamin A–biofortified food products. Data Sources MEDLINE (PubMed), AGRICOLA, AgEcon, CABI Abstracts (Web of Science), and organizational websites (eg, those of HarvestPlus and CGIAR and their partners) were searched for relevant articles. No access to any market research that may have been internally conducted for the commercial biofortified food products was available. Data Extraction This review identified articles measuring the sensory acceptability of conventionally bred biofortified food products. Extraction of the hedonic ratings of food products was performed. Data Analysis An "Acceptability Index %" was defined based on hedonic scoring to determine an overall rating, and used to categorize biofortified food products as "acceptable" (≥70%) or "not acceptable" (<70%). Additionally, this review narratively synthesized studies using methods other than hedonic scoring for assessing sensory acceptability. Conclusions Forty-nine studies assessed the acceptability of 10 biofortified crops among children and adults, in mostly rural, low-income settings across Africa, Latin America, and India; food products made from mineral and provitamin A–biofortified food products were generally acceptable. Compared with studies on provitamin–A biofortified food products, few studies (1 to 2 each) on mineral-enhanced crops such as rice, cowpeas, lentils, and wheat were found, limiting the generalizability of the findings. Similarly, few studies examined stored biofortified food products. Few commercial food products have so far been developed, although new varieties of crops are being continuously tested and released globally. Certain crop varieties were found to be acceptable while others were not, suggesting that particular varieties should be prioritized for scale-up. Determining sensory acceptability of biofortified food products is important for informing programmatic scale-up and implementation across diverse populations and settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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35. Bioaccessibility and bioavailability of biofortified food and food products: Current evidence.

Author

Huey, Samantha L., Mehta, Neel H., Konieczynski, Elsa M., Bhargava, Arini, Friesen, Valerie M., Krisher, Jesse T., Mbuya, Mduduzi N. N., Monterrosa, Eva, Nyangaresi, Annette M., Boy, Erick, and Mehta, Saurabh

Subjects
MICRONUTRIENTS, BIOAVAILABILITY, DEFICIENCY diseases, ENRICHED foods, GENETIC engineering, PLANT breeding, BIOFORTIFICATION, VITAMIN A
Abstract

Biofortification increases micronutrient content in staple crops through conventional breeding, agronomic methods, or genetic engineering. Bioaccessibility is a prerequisite for a nutrient to fulfill a biological function, e.g., to be bioavailable. The objective of this systematic review is to examine the bioavailability (and bioaccessibility as a proxy via in vitro and animal models) of the target micronutrients enriched in conventionally biofortified crops that have undergone post-harvest storage and/or processing, which has not been systematically reviewed previously, to our knowledge. We searched for articles indexed in MEDLINE, Agricola, AgEcon, and Center for Agriculture and Biosciences International databases, organizational websites, and hand-searched studies' reference lists to identify 18 studies reporting on bioaccessibility and 58 studies on bioavailability. Conventionally bred biofortified crops overall had higher bioaccessibility and bioavailability than their conventional counterparts, which generally provide more absorbed micronutrient on a fixed ration basis. However, these estimates depended on exact cultivar, processing method, context (crop measured alone or as part of a composite meal), and experimental method used. Measuring bioaccessibility and bioavailability of target micronutrients in biofortified and conventional foods is critical to optimize nutrient availability and absorption, ultimately to improve programs targeting micronutrient deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Measurement Properties of Outcome Measures Used to Assess Physical Impairments in Patients After Distal Radius Fracture: A Systematic Review

Author

Ziebart, Christina, Mehta, Saurabh P., and MacDermid, Joy

Subjects
Outcome and process assessment (Health Care) -- Methods, Wrist -- Injuries, Fractures -- Complications and side effects -- Patient outcomes, Disability evaluation -- Methods, Health
Abstract

Objectives. Individuals with distal radius fractures (DRF) may experience difficulty with gripping an object, painful wrist movements, sensorimotor difficulties, and swelling around the wrist and hand. A comprehensive review of the existing evidence concerning the measurement properties of common physical impairment measures can provide a valuable resource to guide hand therapy practice while managing DRF. The primary objective was to locate and assess the quality of literature on the measurement properties for the measures of physical impairment used in individuals with DRF. Methods. Two reviewers searched PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE. A combination of DRF, measurement properties, and physical impairments were used as keywords, and articles were independently assessed using the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments critical appraisal tool. Primary studies were included if they examined at least 1 of the following: reliability, validity, responsiveness, or indices of true and meaningful changes for measures of physical impairment in the DRF sample. A total of 19 articles were included in this review. The quality of the studies ranged from 46% to 92%. This review suggests that measures such as assessment of grip strength and supination and pronation range of motion (ROM), using various goniometric devices, showed good intrarater and interrater reliability, construct validity, and responsiveness in individuals with DRF. Conclusion. Acceptable reliability and responsiveness were reported in grip and wrist ROM assessments for measuring changes in wrist and hand function after DRF; however, wrist ROM assessed using traditional goniometric techniques were less reliable in individuals with DRF. Impact. This study provides insight into which objective tools might be better suited for measuring outcomes related to DRF. Keywords: Distal Radius Fracture, Measurement, Reliability, Responsiveness, Validity, Introduction Consequences related to distal radius fractures (DRF) are pain and functional limitations, which have been reported to occur in the acute and chronic phases of recovery. (1-3) Prior estimates [...]

Published
2021
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41. Core set of unfavorable events of shoulder arthroplasty: an international Delphi consensus process

Author

Äärimaa, Ville, Alta, Tjarco D., Amaral, Marcus Vinicius, Armstrong, Alison, van Noort, Arthur, Bale, Steve, Beyth, Shaul, Bischof, Andreas, Bokor, Desmond J., Borroni, Mario, Brorson, Stig, Brownson, Peter, Buchmann, Stefan, Buess, Eduard, Cass, Benjamin, Kelly, Cormac, De Cupis, Vincenzo, Debeer, Philippe, van Deurzen, Derek F.P., Dillon, Mark T., Durchholz, Holger, Ekelund, Anders, Etzner, Mikael, Flury, Matthias, Frankle, Mark, Geoghegan, John, Georgousis, Harry, Gerber-Popp, Ariane, Gulyás, Károly, Henry, Patrick, Hertel, Ralph, Heuberer, Philipp, Holland, Philip, Holzer, Nicolas, Hoy, Greg, Imhoff, Andreas B., Johannsen, Hans Viggo, Kent, Matthew, Kohut, Georges, Lädermann, Alexandre, Lambert, Simon, Lanz, Ulrich, Lederman, Evan, Lehmann, Lars, Leuzinger, Jan, Lichtenberg, Sven, Livesey, Jonathan, Loew, Markus, Lorbach, Olaf, Lundgreen, Kirsten, Maier, Dirk, Martetschläger, Frank, Matis, Nicholas, Mehta, Saurabh Sagar, Meyer, Dominik, Millett, Peter J., Moroder, Philipp, Motta, Geraldo, Mueller, Andreas, Navarro, Ronald A., Nebelung, Wolfgang, Neumann, Jörg, Page, Richard, Paladini, Paolo, Patel, Vipul, Penning, Ludo, Petré, Dirk, Petriccioli, Dario, Huijsmans, Pol, Rangan, Amar, Rees, Jonny, Reinares, Felipe, Resch, Herbert, Romeo, Anthony A., Rosso, Claudio, Rotini, Roberto, Ruiz-Iban, Miguel A., Salomonsson, Björn, Sandow, Michael, Savoie, Felix H., Scheer, Johan, Scheibel, Markus, Schwyzer, Hans-Kaspar, Soza Rex, Jose Francisco, Sperling, John, Spormann, Christoph, Tauber, Mark, Thillemann, Theis, Throckmorton, Thomas, Peckham, Tim, Toro, Felipe, van der Pluijm, Marco, van der Zwaal, Peer, Visser, Cornelis, Wambacher, Markus, Weber, Stephen C., Williams, Gerald, and Audigé, Laurent

Published
2019
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45. Performance Improvement of WiMAX (IEEE 802.16d) Using Combined RS–CC Forward Error Channel Coding Technique

Author

Agarwal, Arun, Mehta, Saurabh N., Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Ruediger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Bhattacharyya, Siddhartha, editor, Gandhi, Tapan, editor, Sharma, Kalpana, editor, and Dutta, Paramartha, editor

Published
2018
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49. Overcoming Barriers Associated with Oral Delivery of Differently Sized Fluorescent Core‐Shell Silica Nanoparticles.

Author

Erstling, Jacob A., Bag, Nirmalya, Gardinier, Thomas C., Kohle, Ferdinand F. E., DomNwachukwu, Naedum, Butler, Scott D., Kao, Teresa, Ma, Kai, Turker, Melik Z., Feuer, Grant B., Lee, Rachel, Naguib, Nada, Tallman, James F., Malarkey, Henry F., Tsaur, Lieihn, Moore, William L., Chapman, Dana V., Aubert, Tangi, Mehta, Saurabh, and Cerione, Richard A.

Published
2024
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