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Abstract We study the azimuthal angular decorrelations of dijet production in both proton-proton (pp) and proton-nucleus (pA) collisions. By utilizing soft-collinear effective theory, we establish the factorization and resummation formalism at the next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy for the azimuthal angular decorrelations in the back-to-back limit in pp collisions. We propose an approach where the nuclear modifications to dijet production in pA collisions are accounted for in the nuclear modified transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (nTMDPDFs), which contain both collinear and transverse dynamics. This approach naturally generalizes the well-established formalism related to the nuclear modified collinear parton distribution functions (nPDFs). We demonstrate strong consistency between our methodology and the CMS measurements in both pp and pA collisions, and make predictions for dijet production in the forward rapidity region in pA collisions at LHC kinematics and for mid-rapidity kinematics at sPHENIX. Throughout this paper, we focus on the application of this formalism to a simultaneous fit to both collinear and transverse momentum dependent contributions to the transverse momentum dependent distributions.

We analysed the forensic characteristics and substructure of the Handan Han population based on 36 Y-STR (short tandem repeat) and Y-SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) markers. The two most dominant haplogroups in Handan Han, O2a2b1a1a1-F8 (17.95%) and O2a2b1a2a1a (21.51%), and their abundant downstream branches, reflected the strong expansion of the precursor of the Hans in Handan. The present results enrich the forensic database and explore the genetic relationships between Handan Han and other neighbouring and/or linguistically close populations, which suggests that the current concise overview of the Han intricate substructure remains oversimplified.

Abstract Background Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations are often associated with bioenergetics, disease, and speciation and can be used to track the history of women. Although advances in massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technology have greatly promoted our understanding of the population’s history (especially genome-wide data and whole Y chromosome sequencing), the whole mtDNA sequence of many important groups has not been fully studied. In this study, we employed whole mitogenomes of 209 healthy and unrelated individuals from the Daur group, a Mongolic-speaking representative population of the indigenous groups in the Heilongjiang River basin (also known as the Amur River basin). Results The dataset presented 127 distinct mtDNA haplotypes, resulting in a haplotype diversity of 0.9933. Most of haplotypes were assigned to eastern Eurasian-specific lineages, such as D4 (19.62%), B4 (9.09%), D5 (7.66%) and M7 (4.78%). Population comparisons showed that the Daurians do have certain connections with the ancient populations in the Heilongjiang River basin but the matrilineal genetic composition of the Daur group was also greatly influenced by other non-Mongolic groups from neighboring areas. Conclusions Collectively, the whole mtDNA data generated in the present study will augment the existing mtDNA database. Our study provides genetic links between the Daur population and the aborigine peoples from Siberia and the Amur-Ussuri Region. But on the whole, compared with other Mongolic-speaking groups, the modern Daur population is closer to the East Asian ancestry group.

Abstract We study the determination of the top-quark mass using leptonic observables in t-channel single top-quark production at the LHC. We demonstrate sensitivity of transverse momentum of the charged lepton on the input top-quark mass. We present predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD with narrow width approximation and structure function approach. Further corrections due to parton shower and hadronization, non-resonant and non-factorized contributions are discussed. To reduce impact of SM backgrounds we propose to use the charge weighted distribution for the measurement, i.e., differences between distributions of charged lepton with positive and negative charges. By modeling both signal and background processes, we found the projections for (HL-)LHC to be promising, with a total theoretical uncertainty on the extracted top-quark mass of about 1 ∼ 2 GeV.

Background: Due to their long history, complex admixture processes and large population sizes, more research is required to explore the fine genetic structure of Han populations from different geographic locations of China. Aim: To characterise the paternal genetic structure of the Han Chinese in Henan province, which was once the central living region of the ancient Huaxia population, the precursors of the Han Chinese. Subjects and methods: We sequenced Y chromosomes of 60 males from Zhengzhou, Henan Province, and reconstructed a phylogenetic tree for these samples with age estimation. Results: We observed high diversity of paternal lineages in our collection. We found that the in situ Neolithic expansion of the “Major lineages” contributed to a large portion of the paternal gene pool of the Han population in Henan Province. We also detected a large number of “Minor lineages” that diverged in the Palaeolithic Age. Conclusion: We suggest that the high genetic diversity in the paternal gene pool of modern Han populations is mainly attributed to the reservation of a larger number of lineages that diverged in the Palaeolithic Age, while the recent expansion of limited lineages contributed to the majority of the gene pool of modern Han populations. We propose that such a structure is a basal characteristic for the genetic structure of modern Han populations.

Different features, such as rotational hardening and nonassociated flow, have been added to the classic modified cam-clay (MCC) model. However, there is little knowledge about their role and importance in simulating in situ soils. This study examined the effects of rotational hardening and associated/nonassociated flow on modeling the undrained shear strength of K0-consolidated clays. For this purpose, three types of rate-independent models were chosen: MCC, MCC with rotational hardening and associated flow (RAMCC), and MCC with rotational hardening and nonassociated flow (RNMCC). The capabilities of the three models in reproducing the K0 state were first discussed. Then, by proposing a dummy yield surface to account for the effect of rotational hardening, an analytical solution to predict soil undrained shear strength su directly from the K0 state was established. The predicted su values were examined against available T-bar data. Results showed that only RNMCC is able to produce a reasonable match no matter the over stress ratio (OCR) profile, while both MCC and RAMCC show overestimation, which increases with increasing OCR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]