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Anthracnose and grapevine leaf spot are the most important fungal diseases of fox grape in Brazil caused by Sphaceloma ampelinum and Pseudocercospora vitis, respectively. Severe attacks of either diseases can affect the yield in the current and subsequent years. Synthetic fungicides are recommended to control these pathogens in the field but may be harmful to the environment and human health over time and select for fungicide‐resistant pathogen populations. Among the new strategies for safe food production, free of pesticide residues, essential oils represent a promising tool to control plant pathogens. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antifungal activity of the volatile compounds of 26 essential oils on germination of P. vitis and S. ampelinum and of their principal active compounds as bases for development of new technological products. The essential oils of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Cymbopogon citratus were fungitoxic to P. vitis and S. ampelinum, in vapour and liquid phases, completely inhibiting spore germination. The main compounds found in the essential oils studied were citral, geraniol, eugenol and isoeugenol. All of these, in vapour and liquid phases, were toxic to P. vitis, completely inhibiting spore germination. Citral, in the vapour phase, and citral, eugenol and isoeugenol in the liquid phase, were toxic to S. ampelinum, completely inhibiting spore germination.

PURPOSE: Somatic variants in tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 7 (TRAF7) cause meningioma, while germline variants have recently been identified in seven patients with developmental delay and cardiac, facial, and digital anomalies. We aimed to define the clinical and mutational spectrum associated with TRAF7 germline variants in a large series of patients, and to determine the molecular effects of the variants through transcriptomic analysis of patient fibroblasts. METHODS: We performed exome, targeted capture, and Sanger sequencing of patients with undiagnosed developmental disorders, in multiple independent diagnostic or research centers. Phenotypic and mutational comparisons were facilitated through data exchange platforms. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed on RNA from patient- and control-derived fibroblasts. RESULTS: We identified heterozygous missense variants in TRAF7 as the cause of a developmental delay-malformation syndrome in 45 patients. Major features include a recognizable facial gestalt (characterized in particular by blepharophimosis), short neck, pectus carinatum, digital deviations, and patent ductus arteriosus. Almost all variants occur in the WD40 repeats and most are recurrent. Several differentially expressed genes were identified in patient fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: We provide the first large-scale analysis of the clinical and mutational spectrum associated with the TRAF7 developmental syndrome, and we shed light on its molecular etiology through transcriptome studies.

This work describes the production of polysaccharide multilayer capsules to control the release of Eugenol (Eug) and enabling its use as an antimicrobial agent. For this propose, oil-in-water nanoemulsions of sodium dodecyl sulfate were coated with alternating depositions of chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose using the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technique, resulting in capsules containing 1–5 layers. The average size ranged from 188 ± 30 (LbL1) to 1415 ± 517 nm (LbL5). The maximum incorporation efficiency was 70.8 ± 2.7 % for Eug-SDS-LbL1. The initial burst releases decreased in proportion to the increase in the number of polysaccharide layers (22.3 ± 3.1 %–12.8 ± 1.6 %), and are influenced by the pH. These systems exhibited antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma sp, Gliocladium sp, and Candida albicans, and Eug minimum inhibitory concentrations were lower as compared to those of the free agent. Therefore, these capsules represent promising antifungal materials for application in various fields.

O fibroblastoma desmoplásico (FD), também conhecido como fibroma colagenoso, é uma neoplasia fibrosa benigna rara, de crescimento indolente, recentemente descrita. Ocorre predominantemente no tronco e membros superiores, poden- do surgir em qualquer idade. Os autores descrevem um caso de uma doente do sexo feminino de 42 anos de idade com FD, com compromisso neurovascular do membro superior. Foi submetida a exérese em bloco da massa tumoral e artéria braquial, com reconstrução arterial (enxerto de interposição autólogo). A análise anatomopatológica foi consistente com FD e o diagnóstico foi validado por laboratório externo internacional1. Trata-se da primeira descrição na literatura de um FD envolvendo um segmento arterial. Desmoplastic fibroblastoma (DF), also known as collagenous fibroma, is a rare benign fibrous tumor, recently described. It occurs predominantly in trunk and upper limbs, and can appear at any age. The authors describe a case of a 42-year- old female patient with DF, with upper limb neurovascular compromise. Patient was submitted to block excision of the tumor mass and brachial artery, with arterial reconstruction (autologous interposition graft). The anatomopathological analysis was consistent with DF and the diagnosis was validated by an international external laboratory1. This is the first description in the literature of an DF involving an arterial segment.

Industrial districts in the Brazilian automotive industry have facilitated just-in-time production, functional flexibility, and compatibility of HR practices since the 1980s. However, this model has been threatened by global over-capacity and the rise of low cost suppliers in South Korea and China. This paper develops literature on proximity dynamics though exploring the influence of global supply chains on HRM in industrial districts. The more specific research questions are: How viable are industrial districts in the context of global crises? And how is this viability bound up with the awareness of HR practices down the supply chain? The findings indicate that the industrial districts model is under threat. In the context of global supply chains, automotive majors have shifted costs onto their suppliers, disrupting established relationships, and moreover, they often lack knowledge of the employment practices of distant suppliers. Yet, in times of political and economic uncertainty, worker rights might be best served by geographical and cognitive proximity.

This paper investigates knowledge transfer of HRM across strategic partnerships in the Brazilian automotive industry, and the contextual factors impacting on knowledge transfer within the supply chain. Case study research in automotive companies and suppliers in Brazil is used to illustrate how in automotive industries, relationships with suppliers have traditionally been viewed as close, strategic partnerships, but over time, there has been a move toward more attenuated, supply chains, involving a shift towards more remote suppliers for basic components, and arms length relationships with them. In turn, this has impacted on how knowledge on HR has been transferred from manufacturers to suppliers. Both strategic partnerships and knowledge transfer have been affected by internal drives toward cost cutting and talent retention, and external factors such as global competition through cheap imports, legislation, taxes, and unions. Evidence on the sometimes contradictory attitudes toward knowledge transfer contributes toward the broader literatures on international HRM and knowledge transfer in emerging economies, while the gradual unwinding of relationships has implications for policy and practice.

Recently the bond strength of composite resin to tooth has received attention from researchers of dental materials. Limitations imposed by the biological substrate, such as the size of the specimen, fostered the development of a tensile test with small dimensions. Due to the reduced size of the specimens, the test is called microtensile test. The specialized literature has not presented standards for the test parameters and the relatively large scatter of published bond strength data probably reflects the lack of standards for the test parameters. The objective of this study is to evaluate how specimen geometry and loading conditions affect the estimation of bond strength. A numerical simulation of the test using a Finite Element Model was performed to determine the associated variations on the stress field imposed by variations in the geometry of the specimen and loading conditions. The Finite Element pre-processing and post-processing was performed on Patran® and the Finite Element processing was performed on Marc®. Results from numerical simulations show that geometrical parameters and loading conditions have a significant influence on the stress field. Some suggestions of standards for the microtensile test considering the non-uniform stress field are presented.

É apresentado um modelo numérico para a identificaçáo de propriedades mecanicas de placas de materiais compósitos que associa técnicas de optimizaçáo com um método experimental de determinaçáo de frequencias próprias. A análise dinamica e o cálculo das sensibilidades com respeito a perturbacoes nos parametros adimensionais do material sáo obtidas com um modelo discreto de elementos finitos formulado segundo a teoria das deformaçoes de corte lineares de Mindlin. A optimizaçao de um funcional de erro que exprime a diferença entre as frequencias obtidas experimentalmente e as que lhes correspondem no modelo numérico é levada a cabo com o programa ADS (Automated Design Synthesis). Apresentam-se vários exemplos de identificaçáo.

Which topics of machine learning are most commonly addressed in research? This question was initially answered in 2007 by doing a qualitative survey among distinguished researchers. In our study, we revisit this question from a quantitative perspective. Concretely, we collect 54K abstracts of papers published between 2007 and 2016 in leading machine learning journals and conferences. We then use machine learning in order to determine the top 10 topics in machine learning. We not only include models, but provide a holistic view across optimization, data, features, etc. This quantitative approach allows reducing the bias of surveys. It reveals new and up-to-date insights into what the 10 most prolific topics in machine learning research are. This allows researchers to identify popular topics as well as new and rising topics for their research.

PURPOSE: Somatic variants in tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 7 (TRAF7) cause meningioma, while germline variants have recently been identified in seven patients with developmental delay and cardiac, facial, and digital anomalies. We aimed to define the clinical and mutational spectrum associated with TRAF7 germline variants in a large series of patients, and to determine the molecular effects of the variants through transcriptomic analysis of patient fibroblasts.METHODS: We performed exome, targeted capture, and Sanger sequencing of patients with undiagnosed developmental disorders, in multiple independent diagnostic or research centers. Phenotypic and mutational comparisons were facilitated through data exchange platforms. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed on RNA from patient- and control-derived fibroblasts.RESULTS: We identified heterozygous missense variants in TRAF7 as the cause of a developmental delay-malformation syndrome in 45 patients. Major features include a recognizable facial gestalt (characterized in particular by blepharophimosis), short neck, pectus carinatum, digital deviations, and patent ductus arteriosus. Almost all variants occur in the WD40 repeats and most are recurrent. Several differentially expressed genes were identified in patient fibroblasts.CONCLUSION: We provide the first large-scale analysis of the clinical and mutational spectrum associated with the TRAF7 developmental syndrome, and we shed light on its molecular etiology through transcriptome studies.