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Psychological verbs, especially Object Experiencer verbs, are widely discussed in the linguistic literature because of their peculiar syntactic and semantic properties. Two main issues regarding Object-Experiencer verbs are often raised: their aspectual nature and an alternation process (with the experiencer in subject position). This article analyzes Brazilian Portuguese Object Experiencer verbs, focusing on these issues. Based on a study of 170 verbs, we claim that Object Experiencer verbs constitute a verb class whose members describe a complex stage-level state in which a stimulus state activates (in a causative relation) a mental state in an experiencer. In addition, we argue that Object-Experiencer verbs appear in an inverse form: the experiencer as subject, and the stimulus as oblique. We claim that such an inverse form does not result from the causative alternation. In the inverse structure, different from an inchoative form of a change-of-state verb, both arguments are strongly preferable, and the verbs still denote a stative situation. We also provide a representation for the event structure of those verbs, using predicate decomposition, that is associated with their syntactic properties.

Code annotations are used mainly in modern Java software, and their primary purpose is to configure metadata into programmable elements such as methods and classes. The Annotation Sniffer is a stable tool that analyses Java source code and generates a JSON report with code annotations metrics values. In other words, it measures metadata configuration in the Java source file. The Annotation Visualizer is a tool built as a web application to render the visualization using this report as input. In this work, we developed a tool that integrates the Annotation Visualizer as a plugin for the IntelliJ IDEA, a popular Java IDE. This integration allows developers to visualize their current project opened in the IDE without switching to an external environment. With an IDE plugin, developers can potentially benefit from the visualization and the metrics values it can display. Furthermore, IDEs have a marketplace that eases obtaining the tool and increases the probability that the developers might use it.

Isandra Meirelles,* Carlos Magliano* Health Technology Assessment Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Isandra Meirelles Email isandrameirelles@gmail.comIntroduction: The different alternatives for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment can increase survival but cause important adverse events. Therefore, patients’ preference can play a critical role in decision-making. Among stated preference methods, discrete choice experiment (DCE) is the most applied in health care to elicit preferences. This research aims to elicit patients’ preference evaluating the trade-off between the risks (adverse events) and benefits (survival) of systemic treatments, from the perspective of Brazilian patients with locally advanced, metastatic or recurrent NSCLC.Methods: A DCE was performed following the steps of attributes selection; construction of tasks and respondents’ preference elicitation. Patients chose between 2 hypothetical treatments described by the attributes tiredness, hair loss, skin rash, hospitalization, administration mode and survival. A paper-and-pencil survey method was used to elicit the answers from the participants. The statistical data analysis used a mixed logit model to predict the relative importance of the attributes.Results: Most of the 65 patients interviewed were men (53.8%), mean age of 65 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 63– 67) years and lung cancer stage IV (67.7%). Except for hospitalization and administration mode, the attributes coefficients were statistically significant (p < 0.005) for patients’ preferences. Patients would require a minimum survival gain of 11.72 (CI: 10.28– 4.22) months and 19.72 (CI: 17.31‐7.09) months to accept a treatment that causes severe tiredness and severe skin rash, respectively. The market share of the treatments was calculated according to the DCE aggregate-level estimation, considering the impact of each treatment’s side effects. Paclitaxel plus carboplatin had an estimated market share of 31%, followed by gefitinib (27%), erlotinib (24%) and docetaxel (18%).Conclusion: In general, less than a year of survival gain would not suffice for the appearance of severe skin rash or tiredness.Keywords: non-small-cell lung cancer, patient preference

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a emergência do jornal O Espelho no processo de consolidação da imprensa no Rio de Janeiro e refletir acerca da importância da figura de seu redator – Manuel Ferreira de Araújo Guimarães – dentro da consolidação de um processo histórico mais amplo: a construção do seu lugar de homem de letras, que se auto intitulava o representante por excelência da formação de uma opinião pública ilustrada, responsável por colocar a púbico os principais debates políticos acerca do processo de independência do Brasil, ocorrido de 1821 a 1823. Dentro dessa perspectiva o artigo enfoca os momentos iniciais da circulação desse periódico – entre os meses de outubro de 1821 e janeiro de 1822 – período no qual o redator estruturou a linha editorial do jornal, que garantia espaço de fala e reflexão para dois atores políticos fundamentais no processo de independência do Brasil: o então Príncipe Regente D. Pedro e seu ministro José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva. Pensaremos, portanto, a relevância política da arquitetura do discurso desse periódico em meio à guerra das penas ocorrida no mundo luso-brasileiro nos dois lados do Atlântico, que foi pensado para ser reconhecido pela elite ilustrada como a principal referência de credibilidade jornalística da Corte, uma vez que tinha à frente Manuel Ferreira de Araújo Guimarães, o mais experiente homem de imprensa da época da independência

Helena Debiazi Zomer,1,2 Kelly CS Roballo,2 Thais Borges Lessa,2 Fabiana Fernandes Bressan,2 Natália Nardeli Gonçalves,2 Flávio Vieira Meirelles,2,3 Andrea Gonçalves Trentin,1 Carlos Eduardo Ambrósio2,3 1Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetic, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Santa Catarina Federal University (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil; 2Department of Surgery, Sector Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 3Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Introduction: Owing to their similarity with humans, rabbits are useful for multiple applications in biotechnology and translational research from basic to preclinical studies. In this sense, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known for their therapeutic potential and promising future in regenerative medicine. As many studies have been using rabbit adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) as a model of human ASCs (hASCs), it is fundamental to compare their characteristics and understand how distinct features could affect the translation to human medicine.Objective: The aim of this study was to comparatively characterize rabbit ASCs (rASCs) and hASCs to further uses in biotechnology and translational studies.Materials and methods: rASCs and hASCs were isolated and characterized by their immunophenotype, differentiation potential, proliferative profile, and nuclear stability in vitro.Results and discussion: Both ASCs presented differentiation potential to osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes and shared similar immunophenotype expression to CD105+, CD34–, and CD45–, but rabbit cells expressed significantly lower CD73 and CD90 than human cells. In addition, rASCs presented greater clonogenic potential and proliferation rate than hASCs but no difference in nuclear alterations.Conclusion: The distinct features of rASCs and hASCs can positively or negatively affect their use for different applications in biotechnology (such as cell reprogramming) and translational studies (such as cell transplantation, tissue engineering, and pharmacokinetics). Nevertheless, the particularities between rabbit and human MSCs should not prevent rabbit use in preclinical models, but care should be taken to interpret results and properly translate animal findings to medicine.Keywords: characterization, comparison, MSC, iPS, immunophenotype, proliferation

Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) has become increasingly prominent in the public sector and in educational organizations. A policy for educational management based on EO has dimensions related to innovation, proactiveness, and risk-taking, which are preceded by organizational characteristics such as management support, discretion/autonomy, rewards/recognition, organizational boundaries, and time availability. The objective of this study is to analyze the organizational characteristics that influence EO in Municipal Centers for Early Childhood Education ("Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil--CEMEIs") in Brazil. The study was conducted in a town in the state of Minas Gerais and involved 15 CEMEIs, applying questionnaires to education professionals as coordinators, monitors, and teachers, whose data were processed using descriptive statistics and a structural equation model. The results present a construct for validating organizational characteristics that can influence EO in public early childhood education organizations. However, autonomy and management support were the determinants of EO in the organizations studied. Finally, there are implications and considerations for policies and strategies in public educational organizations, indicating EO as a way to deal with contingencies, resource scarcity, the stimulation of (intra)entrepreneurial culture and even potential early childhood education for entrepreneurship.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a powerful tool to understand the mechanisms driving the cellular reprogramming, as well as addressing fundamental questions on developmental biology. Hundreds of animals have already been generated through this technology, however its large-scale use is still hampered by the low efficiency and disrupted phenotypes reported in SCNT derived newborns. Therefore, this review aims to expose some of the consequences often seen in cloned animals, as well as to discuss and propose some possibilities and perspectives to avoid epigenetic failures during reprogramming.

Sérgio Henrique Sampaio Meirelles,1–3 Aline Sá Barreto,1 Eduardo Scaldini Buscacio,1,2 Elke Shinzato,1,2,4 Lia Florim Patrão,1 Mauro Sérgio de Oliveira Silva1 1Piedade Municipal Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, 2Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 3Estacio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 4Ocular Ultrasound Department, Clinical Hospital of the University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil Purpose: To report a case of a young patient with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), essential iris atrophy, and glaucoma.Case report: This report presents a case of a 22-year-old female patient with unilateral glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure, increased cup–disc ratio, iris atrophy, peripheral anterior synechiae, and bilateral RP.Discussion: The patient presented glaucoma due to the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome, despite low age. RP is a bilateral disorder that may be associated with angle-closure glaucoma. Keywords: ocular hypertension, ICE syndrome, secondary glaucoma, retinal degeneration

Abstract: The TIGIT+FOXP3+Treg subset (TIGIT+Tregs) exerts robust suppressive activity on cellular immunity and predisposes septic individuals to opportunistic infection. We hypothesized that TIGIT+Tregs could play an important role in intensifying the COVID-19 severity and hampering the defense against nosocomial infections during hospitalization. Herein we aimed to verify the association between the levels of the TIGIT+Tregs with the mechanical ventilation requirement, fatal outcome, and bacteremia during hospitalization. TIGIT+Tregs were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry from the peripheral blood of 72 unvaccinated hospitalized COVID-19 patients at admission from May 29th to August 6th, 2020. The patients were stratified during hospitalization according to their mechanical ventilation requirement and fatal outcome. COVID-19 resulted in a high prevalence of the TIGIT+Tregs at admission, which progressively increased in patients with mechanical ventilation needs and fatal outcomes. The prevalence of TIGIT+Tregs positively correlated with poor pulmonary function and higher plasma levels of LDH, HMGB1, FGL2, and TNF. The non-survivors presented higher plasma levels of IL-33, HMGB1, FGL2, IL-10, IL-6, and 5.54 times more bacteremia than survivors. Conclusions: The expansion of the TIGIT+Tregs in COVID-19 patients was associated with inflammation, lung dysfunction, bacteremia, and fatal outcome.

Atanasio S Vidane,1 Aline F Souza,1 Rafael V Sampaio,1 Fabiana F Bressan,2 Naira C Pieri,1 Daniele S Martins,2 Flavio V Meirelles,2 Maria A Miglino,1 Carlos E Ambrósio2 1Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 2Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Abstract: Amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) are multipotent cells with an enhanced ability to differentiate into multiple lineages. AMSCs can be acquired through noninvasive methods, and therefore are exempt from the typical ethical issues surrounding stem cell use. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize AMSCs from a cat amniotic membrane for future application in regenerative medicine. The cat AMSCs were harvested after mechanical and enzymatic digestion of amnion. In culture medium, the cat AMSCs adhered to a plastic culture dish and displayed a fibroblast-like morphology. Immunophenotyping assays were positive for the mesenchymal stem cell-specific markers CD73 and CD90 but not the hematopoietic markers CD34, CD45, and CD79. Under appropriate conditions, the cat AMSCs differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic cell lineages. One advantage of cat AMSCs was nonteratogenicity, assessed 4 weeks post injection of undifferentiated AMSCs into immunodeficient mice. These findings suggest that cat amniotic membranes may be an important and useful source of mesenchymal stem cells for clinical applications, especially for cell or tissue replacement in chronic and degenerative diseases. Keywords: amnion, cats, cell differentiation, fetal membranes, mesenchymal cells