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L'objectif de cette etude etait de determiner les effets de diverses doses de rayons gamma sur les parametres morphologiques et agronomiques de semences de ble (Anza). L'experimentation a ete menee a la station experimentale de l'Ecole Nationale Superieure Agronomique, El Harrach (Alger, Algerie), sur une parcelle en bloc aleatoire complet, en evaluant la croissance et les composantes de rendement d'une culture, sur deux annees consecutives, de cette variete locale de ble tendre (Anza) cultivee en Algerie. Les graines ont ete irradiees avec des rayons gamma de 0,10, 0,15 et 0,20 KGy (KiloGry), tandis que la dose de OKGy a ete retenue comme temoin. Les resultats ont montre que la germination n'a pas ete affectee par l'irradiation. La hauteur de la tige la plus marquee a ete donnee par le temoin pendant les deux annees de culture. A la premiere annee, la dose de 0,20KGy et le temoin ont manifeste la meilleure longueur de l'epi (8,97cm) et le plus grand nombre de pieds leves/m (2) a ete note a la deuxieme annee avec le ble traite a 0,20KGy (149). Le nombre le plus eleve d'epis /m (2) est obtenu par les echantillons irradies a 0,20 KGy et le temoin a donne le plus grand nombre de grains par epi, alors qu'une amelioration de la masse de 1000 grains a ete constatee a 0,20KGy. La dose de 0,20KGy a egalement produit le meilleur rendement en grains a la recolte des deux annee (56 et 55q/ha). Il y a eu une interaction entre l'annee de culture et la dose d'irradiation pour le nombre de pieds leves et le nombre d'epis/m (2). Les faibles doses de rayons gamma, notamment la dose de 0,20 KGy ont contribue a l'amelioration des caracteristiques morphologiques et agronomiques de la variete locale de ble tendre (Anza) cultivee en Algerie, a savoir : la longueur de l'epi, le nombre de pieds leves et d'epis/m (2), la masse de 1000 grains et le rendement en grains. Mots cles: Croissance, grains de ble, irradiation, gamma, doses, morphologie, rendement The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different doses of gamma rays on morphological and agronomical parameters of wheat seeds (Anza). The experiment was conducted in the experimental station of the National School of Agricultural Sciences, El Harrach, Algiers (Algeria). The wheat crop was carried out on a plot in complete random block, by evaluating the growth and yield components of a crop, over two consecutive years, of this common wheat variety (Anza) grown in Algeria. Seeds samples were irradiated with low doses of gamma rays at 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 KGy (KiloGry), while OKGy dose was used as a control. The results showed that the number of germinated seeds was not affected by the irradiation treatment. The highest stem height was given by the control in both years, whereas in the first crop year, the 0.20KGy dose with the control showed the best spike length (8.97cm). In the second year, the highest number of raised feet/m (2) was recorded with wheat at 0.20KGy (149). The evolution of yield components according to irradiation doses revealed that the highest number of spikes/[m.sup.2] was also obtained from samples irradiated at 0.20KGy, the control gave the highest number of seeds by spike, while an improvement in 1000 grain weight was seen at 0.20KGy in both crops. The 0.20KGy dose also produced the highest grain yield at harvest of the two years (56 and 55q/ha). There was an interaction between the crop year and the radiation dose for the number of raised feet and the number of spikes/[m.sup.2]. The low gamma ray doses, particularly 0.20 KGy dose, contributed to the improvement of the morphological and agronomical properties of the local common wheat (Anza) grown in Algeria, including spike length, number of raised feet and spikes/[m.sup.2], 1000 grain weight and grain yield. Key words: Growth, wheat seeds, irradiation, gamma, doses, morphology, yield, INTRODUCTION Les cereales et leurs derives constituent la base de la consommation alimentaire en Algerie, leur disponibilite est assuree principalement par les importations. En effet et selon les statistiques du [...]

A DFT investigation was made to explore the electronic structures and optical responses of the binary antimony compounds Sb2S3 and Ag2S and their ternary compounds AgSbS2 and Ag3SbS3. The electronic band structures and state densities have revealed indirect and direct band gaps of 1.492 eV and 1.64 eV for Ag3SbS3 and AgSbS2, respectively, while direct band gap of 1.546 eV and 1.18 eV are obtained for the binary Sb2S3 and Ag2S. We distinguish the role of the Sb antimony atom that can plays an important role in the bond stabilization of the studied compounds. The optoelectronic efficiency was also determined by calculating various optical parameters as a function of wavelength. Our results are in good agreement with the available theoretical and experimental data. Overall, the results suggest that these materials are potential candidates for photovoltaic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anemia often occurs due to iron deficiency because, in pregnant women, there is a doubling of an iron requirement to meet the mother's needs in preventing blood loss during childbirth and fetal growth. Therefore, anemia in pregnant women must be prevented so that the fetus can grow and develop properly. This study aimed to determine the effect of the family empowerment model on the ability to manage diet and increase hemoglobin (Hb) levels in pregnant women with anemia. The research design was quasi-experimental, conducted at the Langsa Baro Health Center work area in 2018. The sample comprised 30 pregnant women divided into two groups, namely 15 women who received intervention and 15 who did not. Sampling was performed using the purposive sampling technique, and data were collected through direct interview techniques with questionnaire instruments. Data processing was performed by statistical analysis using a Paired T-test test with a significance level of 95% CI. The results showed differences in Hb levels, knowledge, and attitudes before and after family empowerment (p

The introduction of seeds of new varieties in Algeria will make it possible to increase the capacities of adaptation of the plants of Capsicum annuum L. to the variable conditions of their environment having a great influence on the flowering, the self-fertilization and the fructification. The study of seed germination was carried out on five varieties: (Ciliegia Piccante Pepper; Hungaria yellow max hot; Cayenne Pepper; Grueso de Plaza and Largo de Reus), which begins with the imbibition until obtaining percentages of accumulated water in the following seed albumens: 91.33; 91.05; 91.09; 91.35 and 91.28. The recorded lag time is variable: 7, 10, 14, 15 to 17 days, by the mass of albumen and by the tegumentary dormancy due to the presence of polyphenols in the tegumentary cell walls. The percentage, speed, vigor and germination index of Capsicum seeds increase with their density and weight. They are of the order of [(63, 4.5, 2.9); (77, 5, 3.9); (83, 4.7, 4); (90, 5.7, 5.5); (100, 6, 6.8)] % and (0.86, 1.18, 1.21, 1.13, 2.03) germinated seeds/day. The average germination time decreases with their density, they are at (22, 20, 21, 17, 17) days. A morphological description of the plant has been made. This is followed by an anatomical analysis of the radicle at the level of the root hair region and the cotyledonary leaves presenting a structure less developed than that of the true leaves later formed. They provide the metabolites necessary for the first growth stage of the seedling by photosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we present our numerical results of ZrxSi1-xO2 solid solutions (with x = 0–1) in order to predict new tetragonal hypothetical compounds from Zircon family. We have used the full-potential linearized augmented plane waves method based on the density functional theory DFT within GGA approximation as implemented in WIEN2k code to investigate the structural and optoelectronic properties of the named compounds. We have studied, in first step, the properties of the ZrSiO4 compound, where the obtained results are compared to several theoretical and experimental investigations. Secondly, we have predicted new hypothetical compounds for the Zircon family ZrSi3O8 and Zr3SiO8 which crystallize in I41/amd space group. Whatever, the chemical stability of the alloys under study was checked with both formation enthalpy and cohesive energy. Furthermore, the phonon dispersion results indicated this aspect also. The electronic properties reveals a strong p-d covalent hybridization between Zr and O. The Zr3SiO8 compound exhibits a large indirect band gap, while the ZrSi3O8 presents a direct band gap of 2.008 eV at Γ point. The optical quantities inspired from the dielectric function calculation are also calculated and discussed in details. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation on the metabolic profile of brood mares, raised in Tiaret Algeria. Ninety pregnant mares were used between 2013 and 2015. Animals were assigned to treatment’s group and to a control group, the mares were fed with corn, soybean meal, barley, wheat bran, and the second (yeast group) was supplemented with 10g alive yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae 47) daily from 300 Day of gestation to 30 days postfoaling. For biochemical analyses, jugular blood samples were collected. Each mare was collected five times, 30 days (F-30), 15 days (F-15) before foaling, at the foaling day (F), at 15 (F+15) and 30 days after foaling (F+30). to determine the following parameters, glucose, urea, creatinine, total proteins, cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin, Aspartate Amino-Transferase(AST), Alanine Amino-Transferase (ALT), Gamma-Glutamyl-Transferase (γ-GT), Calcium and inorganic phosphorus. In this study, the serum glucose mean values were significantly higher (p<0,05) at F+30 with 0,85±0,16 g/l in the treatment group against 0,73±0,09 g/l in the control one. In this study, urea serum levels at F-15 and at foaling were significantly lower (p<0,05) in the treatment group with 0,24±0,05 g/l and 0,27±0,05 g/l respectively against 0,33±0,10 g/l and 0,38±0,12 g/l respectively in the control one. This experiment showed that adding Saccharomyces cerevisiae to mare’s meal in the peripartum period enhanced the metabolism of glucose and proteins and decreased urea serum levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Papasan leaves have several properties, including antihyperglycemic, diabetes, antipyretic and antioxidant. Minor metabolite compounds that have the potential as antioxidants from this plant are flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. This study's purpose to determine the antioxidant activity and the flavonoid total contents of Papasan (Coccinia grandis L.) leaf extract based on the differences in polar solvents. The polar solvents used were ethanol, methanol, and water. Extraction used by maceration and dekokta. The antioxidant activity and the flavonoid total contents were established by UV-Vis spectrophotometry according to the decrease in absorbance at a maximum wavelength of 515 nm by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. Determination of antioxidant activity and the flavonoid total contents were excluded on quercetin comparisons. The values of IC50 and the flavonoid total contents in the ethanol extract respectively were 287.92 ppm and 49.825 mg QE/g while the IC50 values and total flavonoid levels in the extract of methanol were 73.29 ppm and 50.415 mg QE/g. In the extract of the water, the value of IC50 was 39.80 ppm and the total flavonoid contents were 50.415 mg QE/g. The conclusions of these studies were that the most antioxidant activity was found in water extract, while water and methanol extract had the same and highest levels of total flavonoids.

Computer-aided drug discovery plays a vital role in developing novel medications for various diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the need for innovative approaches to design lead compounds with the potential to become effective drugs. Specifically, designing promising inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is crucial, as it plays a key role in viral replication. Phytochemicals, primarily flavonoids and flavonols from medicinal plants, were screened. Fifty small molecules were selected for molecular docking analysis against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro (PDB ID: 6LU7). Binding energies and interactions were analyzed and compared to those of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor Nirmatrelvir. Using these 50 structures as a training set, a QSAR model was built employing simple, reversible topological descriptors. An inverse-QSAR analysis was then performed on 2⁹ = 512 hydroxyl combinations at nine possible positions on the flavone and flavonol scaffold. The model predicted three novel, promising compounds exhibiting the most favorable binding energies (-8.5 kcal/mol) among the 512 possible hydroxyl combinations: 3,6,7,2',4'-pentahydroxyflavone (PF9), 6,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone (PF11), and 3,6,7,4'-tetrahydroxyflavone (PF15). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated the stability of the PF9/Mpro complex over 300 ns of simulation. These predicted structures, reported here for the first time, warrant synthesis and further evaluation of their biological activity through in vitro and in vivo studies., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Mastitis remains the most frequent and the most expensive disease of dairy breeding. The objective of the study was to study S. aureus isolates collected from subclinical bovine mastitis in the Tiaret region, Algeria, by determining their antimicrobial susceptibility and their virulence traits. Sixty-two S. aureus isolates collected from subclinical bovine mastitis were studied by determining their antimicrobial susceptibility according to CLSI guidelines, and nine genes encoding virulence factors and resistance to methicillin and penicillin were determined by PCR. Multi-drug resistance was observed in 19 (30.64%) isolates and five (8%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), four of them harbored the mecA gene; however, the mecC gene was not detected. Out of 59 penicillin-resistant isolates, 14 harbored the blaZ gene; one of them co-harbored the mecA gene. The following virulence genes were detected: eta (n = 23; 37%), icaA (20; 32.2%), icaD (18; 29%), etb (16; 25.8%), luk E-D (14; 22.5%), and sea (6; 9.6%). The tsst-1, lukF/lukS, and luk-M genes were not detected. The occurrence of MRSA and multi-drug resistant (MDR) S. aureus isolates as well as genes encoding virulence factors playing an important role in the pathogenesis of subclinical bovine mastitis and of harmful potential to human is a cause for concern., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Applied Microbiology International.)

Herein, we reported a novel series of α-aminophosphonates derivatives (IV)a-m bearing an important pharmacophore coumarylthiazole moiety. All the new compounds have been synthesized via Kabachnik-Fields reaction under ultrasonic irradiation. The products were obtained in good yield with a simple workup and were confirmed using various spectroscopic methods. All these compounds (IV)a-m were screened for their in vitro for antimicrobial activity against thirteen Gram-negative bacteria and five Gram-positive bacteria and Candida albicans strains. The results showed that all the synthesized compounds exhibited moderate antibacterial activities against both references and multidrug-resistant and antifungal strains. The compound (IV)e showed the highest activities against all pathogens of the tested microbial strains with MIC of 0.125 μg/mL. The compounds (IV)h, (IV)f, (IV)b, and (IV)d exhibited moderate and promising activities with MIC of 0.125 μg/mL. Structure-activity relationship revealed that inhibitory activity of the synthesized compounds is related to the type of the substituted group on phenyl rings, and these results showed that the electron-donating groups at ortho and para positions have a high relationship increasing antimicrobial activities than the electron-withdrawing groups. These results confirm that coumarylthiazole α-aminophosphonates compounds can be potential antimicrobial drugs candidate., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

To develop novel antimicrobial agents, and based on the biologically active heterocyclic quinoline and thiazole substituted, a series of novel α-aminophosphonates ( 9a - h ) and ( 10i - l ) derivatives that incorporated quinoline or quinolone, and coumarylthiazole or 5-phenylthiazol-2-amine moieties were designed and synthesized via Kabachnik-Fields reaction in the presence of ionic liquid under ultrasound irradiation. All the new compounds were obtained in good yield with a simple workup and were confirmed using various spectroscopic methods. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of all synthesized compounds were screened in terms of MIC values against the selected strains of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and two fungal strains using the broth micro-dilution method. The results showed that most of the tested compounds showed moderate inhibitory activities against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria compared with reference drugs. The following compounds 9e , 9g , 9h , 9i and 9f , 9g , 9h , 10k , 10l are the most active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains, respectively, with MIC values ranging between 0.25 and 128 μg/mL. The synthesized compounds 9b , 9c , 9f , 9g , 9h , 10k , and 10l exhibited excellent antifungal inhibition with MIC values ranging between 0.25 and 32 μg/mL. Structure-activity relationship revealed that the presence of coumarylthiazole moiety and hydroxyl in the quinoline group increased the inhibitory activity against microbial strains pathogens. These results confirm that the synthesized compounds can be potential antimicrobial drugs candidate., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare no competing interests., (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021.)

A new series of 2-(3-(N-(substituted phenyl)sulfamoyl)ureido)benzothiazoles was synthesized via a one-pot efficient and scalable method, involving the condensation of 2-aminobenzothiazoles derivatives, substituted anilines, and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate. The products were obtained in good yield with a simple workup, and their structures were confirmed from their spectral analyses. The synthesized compounds were further screened for their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic strains. The molecules show promising activity in the MIC value range of 2-0.25 µg/ml against selected bacterial strains, especially against nonfermentative carbapenem-resistant bacteria (Pseudo VIM-2 and Acinetobacter baumanni)., (© 2019 Deutsche Pharmazeutische Gesellschaft.)

Objective: To enhance effectiveness of reproduction management in Arabian mares, factors influencing the time of foaling were investigated in this study., Methods: Data were collected at the National Haras of Tiaret in Algeria from 2003 to 2010. The foaling time of 255 Arabian pure bred mares, aged from 3 to 20 years were used for this study., Results: A total of 78.07% of foaling happens between 7 pm and 6 am., Conclusions: The influence of the month of foaling and the sex of the foal, on the time of foaling was statically significant.