Search

【Objective】 Soil salinization is one of many factors faced by cotton production in Xinjiang. Improving irrigation is one way to mitigate their detrimental impact. In this paper, we present an innovative drip irrigation system to ameliorate the effect of soil salinization and conserve water resources. 【Method】 The proposed method was based on that under drip irrigation, salt accumulates in the periphery of the wetted zone around the drip emitters. We reconfigured the conventional drip irrigation system into a system consisting of three-capillary tubes with staggered emitters. Parameters, including spacing between the capillary tubes, drip layout patterns, irrigation amount, and salt leaching were determined experimentally to elucidate its efficacy on salt migration in the wetted zones. 【Result】 Keeping soil properties and water quality consistent, we implemented the staggered delivery of water through the system in a cotton field. After six rounds of irrigation, soil samples were collected from the wetted zone to assess salt content in it. The vertical salt content distribution at a location 40 cm from the wetted zone decreased from 105.21 g/kg to 49.015 g/kg. This means that the proposed system effectively increased the desalination of the root zone and resulted in a reduction in annual saltwater usage by three times per year, compared with conventional drip irrigation. 【Conclusion】 The expansion of the desalination zone in the root zone is contingent on factors such as soil bulk density, irrigation method, frequency, drip patterns, soil salinity, irrigation water salinity, and irrigation cycles. As irrigation rounds increase, the desalination range grows. The method hence offers a promising strategy for managing saline-alkali lands while in the meantime optimizing water use efficiency.

The influence of the wavelength difference between the laser source and the phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (PS-FBG) on the intensity of the power demodulation system based on an adjustable laser source was studied experimentally, and the optimum of the output laser wavelength was determined. Then, the research on time-frequency imaging damage identification based on smooth pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution was carried out. The Time of Flight of the acoustic wave signal was calculated and time compensation was made according to the Wigner-Ville distribution and the Lamb wave dispersion curve. The ultrasonic waves before and after damage were measured with spatially arranged PS-FBGs. The difference signals were processed in a window, and then the time-frequency energy of the normalized difference signal was imaged to assess the damage detection and location. Although the mode and group velocity of ultrasound measured by each fiber grating were different, the accurate location and identification of artificial damage in an aluminum alloy plate was realized by using only three PS-FBGs and a smooth Wigner time-frequency imaging method.

Prussian blue analogue (PBA) membranes for efficient Cs removal via in situ synthesis have attracted much interest. Herein, copper-substituted PBA was developed and optimized on the surface of a substrate with the aid of tannic acid (TA). The fabricated Cu-PBA-TA membrane was systematically investigated for its Cs adsorption property in static and dynamic experiments. The as-prepared membrane showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 265.0 mg g−1, which was the highest when compared to that of previously reported PBA membranes. Applied in geothermal water, the Cu-PBA-TA membrane showed favorable selectivity (Kd, 8680 mL g−1) and the removal rate of Cs+ was about 90%. Its fast adsorption rate that reached equilibrium within 40 min and the benign reusability in the dynamic treatment of geothermal water confirmed the potential of the membrane for large-scale application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]