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Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is one of the important pathogens that cause calf diarrhea (CD), winter dysentery (WD), and the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), and spreads worldwide. An infection of BCoV in cattle can lead to death of young animals, stunted growth, reduced milk production, and milk quality, thus bringing serious economic losses to the bovine industry. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent and control the spread of BCoV. Here, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the prevalence of BCoV in cattle in China before 2022. A total of 57 articles regarding the prevalence of BCoV in cattle in China were collected from five databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, CNKI, VIP, and Wan Fang). Based on the inclusion criteria, a total of 15,838 samples were included, and 6,136 were positive cases. The overall prevalence of BCoV was 30.8%, with the highest prevalence rate (60.5%) identified in South China and the lowest prevalence (15.6%) identified in Central China. We also analyzed other subgroup information, included sampling years, sample sources, detection methods, breeding methods, age, type of cattle, presence of diarrhea, and geographic and climatic factors. The results indicated that BCoV was widely prevalent in China. Among all subgroups, the sample sources, detection methods, breeding methods, and presence or absence of diarrheal might be potential risk factors responsible for BCoV prevalence. It is recommended to strengthen the detection of BCoV in cattle, in order to effectively control the spread of BCoV. • Bovine coronavirus in cattle is widely distributed in China. • Breeding methods may be potential risk factors for bovine coronavirus infection. • This is the first meta-analysis of the prevalence of bovine coronavirus in cattle in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cryptosporidiosis is an important zoonosis caused by Cryptosporidium. This disease causes a global public health problem. The cat is considered to be one of the potential hosts for transmitting Cryptosporidium to humans. In this study, a global meta-analysis for Cryptosporidium infection in cats was performed. The articles related to Cryptosporidium infection in cats were systematically searched in databases China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang data, VIP Chinese Journal Database, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Finally, 92 articles published from 1988 to 2021, which met the criteria of systematic review and meta-analysis, were collected. During the selected period, the overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium among cats was identified to be 6.0%. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium detected by microscopy, coproantigens, and molecular biology methods were 4.2%, 8.2%, and 5.0%, respectively. Among 9 species/genotypes (C. felis , C. parvum , C. muris , Cryptosporidium rat genotype IV, C. baileyi , C. ryanae , C. hominis , Cryptosporidium sp. rat genotype III and most closely related to Cryptosporidium sp. rat genotype III), the prevalence of C. parvum (4.2%) was significantly higher than that of other species/genotypes. Among five continents, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in Africa (30.5%) was significantly higher than in other continents. We also analyzed the effects of different geographical factors (longitude, latitude, altitude, mean temperature, precipitation, and humidity) on Cryptosporidium infection among cats. The results showed that cryptosporidiosis was common in cats all over the world. This systematic review and meta-analysis has systematically introduced the global epidemiology of Cryptosporidium in cats and correlated risk factors. Health authorities, doctors, veterinarians and cat owners' awareness of the prevalence, risk factors and complications of Cryptosporidium are important for the development of effective prevention strategies for cryptosporidiosis. • This study is the systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and related factors of Cryptosporidium in cats. • Cryptosporidium is common prevalent among cats worldwide. • The prevalence of Cryptosporidium in cats was unevenly in different regions. • The prevalence of Cryptosporidium in cats has gradually increased in the past three decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Porcine epidemic diarrhea results from infection with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). It is an acute and highly contagious enteric disease in swine characterized by watery diarrhea and vomiting. Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to assess the prevalence of PEDV infection in pig populations from mainland China. Methods We conducted a literature search on the prevalence of PEDV infection in pigs between Jan 1, 1988 and Aug 20, 2018 in English and Chinese databases, including PubMed, Google scholar, Cochrane library, Clinical Trials, VIP, CNKI and WanFang database. Selections were made based on the title and the abstract of paper, and duplicated literature was excluded along with other host studies, and data incomplete literature according to the exclusion criteria we formulated. Finally, we extracted the number of swine with PEDV infection from the obtained studies and provided information that permitted us to estimate the prevalence of PEDV infection in pigs in mainland China. Results A total of 45 studies (including data from 15,990 pigs) met our evaluation criteria. In China, the overall estimated prevalence of PEDV infection in pigs was 44% (7113/15,990), while the estimated prevalence of PEDV infection in pigs from northern China was 37% (793/2136), lower than those in other regions of China. The prevalence of PEDV infection was associated with sampling season, category of pigs and clinical signs (diarrhea) in pigs. However, the prevalence of PEDV among pigs in China was not significantly associated with the effect of detected target genes, nor was it associated with date of study publication. Conclusion Our findings suggest that PEDV infection is common among pigs in China. It is therefore necessary to carry out further research and monitor the prevalence of PEDV infection. Furthermore, powerful and effective regulatory measures should be taken in order to prevent the transmission and spread of PEDV among pig populations. Highlights • This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of PEDV infection among pigs in mainland China. • The data of 45 articles met the selection criteria, and the pooled prevalence of PEDV infection in China was 44%. • The prevalence of PEDV infection in different regions, category of swine, and sampling time, varied considerably. • Continuous monitoring the prevalence and variant of PEDV among pigs is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enterocytozoon bieneusi (E. bieneusi) is an important zoonotic microsporidian pathogen that has a variety of hosts. Cattle are reservoir hosts of E. bieneusi , and play an important role in the epidemiology of E. bieneusi. However, no systematic research on the prevalence of E. bieneusi in cattle has been reported. Here, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of E. bieneusi in cattle. Six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Springlink, Wanfang, CNKI, and VIP) were used for searching for relevant studies. The quantity of E. bieneusi infection in cattle was extracted and subjected to an estimation for the prevalence in cattle by using a random effects model. In total, forty articles from 12 countries were chosen from 524 studies from inception to 1st June 2021. An overall E. bieneusi prevalence (95% CI) in cattle was 12.9% (2566/19,791, 9.0–14.6%). The highest prevalence of E. bieneusi was 17.3% (13.9–20.3) in South America, and the lowest was 6.5% (4.1 – 9.4) in Africa 6.5%. The prevalence of E. bieneusi after 2016 (11.1%) was lower than 2016 and before (12.3%). Cattle aged 3–12 months had a higher prevalence (14.8%) as compared with cattle aged > 12 months (8.2%). The combined prevalence of E. bieneusi in the dairy cattle was 14.4%, which was higher than that in other species. In the subgroup of season, E. bieneusi prevalence in cattle was higher in spring (17.4%) and autumn (19.7%) than in summer (8.5%) and winter (8.5%). E. bieneusi prevalence in naturally grazed cattle was 3.6% and 13.7% in intensively fed cattle. A total of 83 E. bieneusi genotypes were prevalent in cattle, of which 15 genotypes found in the cattle had previously been found in humans. The global prevalence of E. bieneusi in cattle related to geographical and climate variables were evaluated as well. These data indicated that E. bieneusi was ubiquitous in cattle worldwide and carried a potential risk of infection in humans. Thus, the farm managers should provide a scientific mix of nutrients to improve cattle immunity, keep the environment clean, and disinfect regularly. Collectively, the control of E. bieneusi transmission in cattle is of importance for economic and public health. • The risk factors for the epidemic of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in cattle in word was revealed. • Cattle are likely to be the host of Enterocytozoon bieneusi transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]