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Introduction: In addition to the unfortunate consequences for the patient and family, abscond increases the responsibility and workload of hospital staffs. The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence and factors related to patients’ abscond from a psychiatric hospital 2011 to 2020. Material and methods: In this descriptive epidemiological study, patients’ files were reviewed over a ten-year period. Data collection tools included a questionnaire of demographic information such as patient’s characteristics. Results: The research sample consisted of 14,446 files reviewed, and 204 files related to patient escape were extracted. The escape rate was 1.61%, an average upward rate. According to the results, the incidence of patients’ escape had decreased from 3.91% in 2011 to 0.86% in 2020. The highest escape rate was observed in men (83.82%), single (41.67%) and with undergraduate education (50.98%). Also, people with a history of drug use and more extended hospital stays had higher escape rates (72.55%). The highest escape rate is in summer with an incidence of 19.87%, and the lowest rate is in winter with a prevalence of 10.18%. Conclusions: The possibility of patient escape is considered a nursing diagnosis for all patients with mental disorders, and appropriate preventive measures should be implemented. The necessary interventions by the healthcare team can reduce patients’ motivation to escape by reducing their psychological, social, and communication problems. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more particular attention to patients by identifying those at risk of escape and reducing the rate of escape by providing a high-security environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The breadth and scope of new information makes difficult a selection of topics to be included in a limited review of highlights of the year. Admittedly, the choices are idiosyncratic. The eight topics presented here are (1) structural and copy number variants in the human genome; (2) progress in defining genetic factors in the etiology of schizophrenia; (3) microRNAs in central nervous system development and function; (4) progress in elucidation of risk factors for complex common disorders through large scale association studies; (5) epigenetics and the epigenomic era; (6) reprogramming of somatic cell nuclei to generate pluripotent stem cells; (7) new concepts regarding factors involved in sexual differentiation; and (8) Duffy blood group antigens: new concepts, and new discoveries on the role of these antigens in malaria and HIV-AIDS.

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This study was conducted to investigate the fear of crime among relatives of individuals with mental disorders. The study was a cross-sectional epidemiological study. The sample consisted of 545 people. A questionnaire to collect data was developed by the researchers using the literature. 11.0% of the women and 19.4% of the men stated that their exposure to crime had decreased. Patients' relatives felt that the most disturbing behavior of other people towards their relatives was stigmatization (47.3%), while what made patients' relatives happiest was when other people talked and chatted to the patient (80.3%). The fear of crime in family members of individuals with mental disorders was found to be greater in women. The family members who participated in the study were found to fear their relatives being victims of crime due to stigmatization and social exclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Music therapy is widely used as a treatment in most hospitals of the Medieval Islamic Civilization, one of which is Bimarastan al-Mansuri Egypt Cairo. Music therapy in this hospital is performed by a group of musicians who are given a monthly salary as provided by waqaf documents. Nevertheless, the waqaf document of this hospital, does not state explicitly the type of patient being treated and the status of music therapy as a treatment, either conventional or complementary. Therefore, this article will cover the music therapy application in Bimarastan al- Mansuri in the scope of the treated patient type and also the treatment status of music therapy based on the information obtained from the works of history and travelog. This study uses qualitative methodology and literature study method by analyzing various primary and secondary sources. The findings show that Bimarastan al-Mansuri applies music therapy through instruments and songs directly to patients who are in the rehabilitation room and insomnia patients placed in a special room. It is also indirectly applied to other patients in ward such as orthopedic ward and mental patient ward through the flow of water, instruments and songs (heard from the rehabilitation room and insomnia room) and also the voice of azan and al- Qur'an recitation. The music therapy treatment in this hospital is intended to calm down, reduce the symptoms or pain and assist the patient's recovery process. Thus, it is proven that music therapy in Bimarastan al-Mansuri as a complementary treatment adjunct to conventional medicine, which uses of medication and surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the archival admissions records and the case history of a patient at a British asylum in the 1870s, the author compares two genres. The first of these is two medical certificates written and signed by two physicians attesting that the patient was of unsound mind and needed to be confined and treated. The second genre is the patient’s oral testimony to Parliament’s Select Committee on Lunacy Laws (1877), a narrative he delivered the year following his release from the asylum. Both genres are legal texts; however, it is the patient’s narrative of personal experience, as transcribed in the committee report, that allows the reader a glimpse of the misery imposed by confinement in a “lunatic” asylum. The two medical certificates have considerably more illocutionary force, however; as speech acts they most often resulted in confinement until the patient was determined to have recovered, was transferred to another asylum, or died.Utilizando el archivo de registros de admisión y la historia clínica de un paciente en un psiquiátrico británico de los años 1870, se comparan dos géneros. El primero consiste en dos certificados médicos escritos y firmados por dos psiquiatras certificando que el paciente estaba mentalmente incapacitado y necesitaba confinación y tratamiento. El segundo género se trata del testimonio oral del paciente ante el Parliament’s Select Committee on Lunacy Laws (1877), pronunciado al año siguiente de su alta. Ambos géneros son textos legales, sin embargo, es la narración de la experiencia personal del paciente, transcrita en el informe del comité, lo que permite obtener una visión de las miserias impuestas por el encierro en un sanatorio de lunáticos. Los certificados médicos tienen una fuerza ilocutiva considerablemente mayor, pero como actos del habla resultaban en la reclusión del paciente hasta que se determinaba su recuperación, su traslado a otro sanatorio o fallecía.