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2. The Thorium Molten Salt Reactor : Moving on from the MSBR

Author

Mathieu, L., Heuer, D., Brissot, R., Brun, C. Le, Liatard, E., Loiseaux, J. M., Méplan, O., Merle-Lucotte, E., Nuttin, A., Wilson, J., Garzenne, C., Lecarpentier, D., Walle, E., and Collaboration, the GEDEPEON

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

A re-evaluation of the Molten Salt Breeder Reactor concept has revealed problems related to its safety and to the complexity of the reprocessing considered. A reflection is carried out anew in view of finding innovative solutions leading to the Thorium Molten Salt Reactor concept. Several main constraints are established and serve as guides to parametric evaluations. These then give an understanding of the influence of important core parameters on the reactor's operation. The aim of this paper is to discuss this vast research domain and to single out the Molten Salt Reactor configurations that deserve further evaluation., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables

Published
2005
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11. List of contributors

Author

Allibert, M., primary, Aufiero, M., additional, Aydogan, F., additional, Brovchenko, M., additional, Chande, S.K., additional, Chellapandi, P., additional, Cinotti, L., additional, Clark, G., additional, Delpech, S., additional, Dragunov, A., additional, Duffey, R.B., additional, Dulera, I., additional, Gabriel, K., additional, Ghetta, V., additional, Hahn, D., additional, Heuer, D., additional, Hosseiny, M., additional, Hughes, D., additional, Ikeda, B., additional, Jianu, O.A., additional, Kamide, H., additional, Kirillov, P.L., additional, Kubo, S., additional, Laureau, A., additional, Leung, L., additional, Merle-Lucotte, E., additional, Morishita, M., additional, Naterer, G.F., additional, Ohshima, H., additional, Panchal, R., additional, Paramonov, D.V., additional, Paramonova, E.D., additional, Peiman, W., additional, Pioro, I.L., additional, Rosen, M.A., additional, Sakai, T., additional, Saltanov, Eu., additional, Schulenberg, T., additional, Sinha, R.K., additional, Smith, C.F., additional, Srinivasan, G., additional, Tsvetkov, P., additional, Van Goethem, G., additional, Vijayan, P.K., additional, Yan, X.L., additional, Zhang, D., additional, and Zvorykin, C.O., additional

Published
2016
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12. Molten salt fast reactors

Author

Allibert, M., primary, Aufiero, M., additional, Brovchenko, M., additional, Delpech, S., additional, Ghetta, V., additional, Heuer, D., additional, Laureau, A., additional, and Merle-Lucotte, E., additional

Published
2016
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15. Design evolutions of Molten Salt Fast Reactor

Author

GERARDIN, D., Allibert, M., Heuer, D., Laureau, A., Merle-Lucotte, E., Seuvre, C., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Vernay, Emmanuelle

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

International audience; The CNRS has focused R&D e˙orts on the development of a new reactor concept called the Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR). The MSFR, characterized by a circulating liquid fuel and a fast neutron spectrum, has been identified as a very interesting long term alternative to solid fuelled fast neutron systems in the Gen4 International Forum.MSRs are liquid-fuelled reactors so that they are flexible in terms of operation or design choices, but they are very di˙erent in terms of design and safety approach compared to solid-fuelled reactors. The MSFR system includes three di˙erent circuits: the fuel circuit, the intermediate circuit and the power conversion circuit, together with normal and emergency draining tanks and on-site fuel processing units. This paper will focus on the new designs developed for the fuel circuit and the emergency draining system of the MSFR in the frame of the SAMOFAR European project. The fuel circuit, defined as the circuit containing the fuel salt during power generation, includes the core cavity and the recirculation/cooling sectors. These new designs result from physical and preliminary safety studies such as for the fuel circuit optimizing the use of the molten salt both as fuel and coolant, defining the operating procedures and minimizing the fuel leakage risks. Additional requirements are considered for the emergency draining system to be able to confine the fuel and to evacuate the residual heat over very long time periods (months) with no human intervention and to guaranty that under no circumstance the salt may reach criticality in this area.

Published
2017

17. Scenarios for a worldwide deployment of nuclear power

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Heuer, D., Brun, C. Le, and Loiseaux, J.M.

Subjects
Nuclear energy -- Supply and demand, Nuclear energy -- Usage, Science and technology
Abstract

Byline: E. Merle-Lucotte, D. Heuer, C. Le Brun, J.M. Loiseaux The growing worldwide demand for energy must be controlled. However, even in the event of voluntary policies to dampen energy demand, it is hard to imagine that the demand could be less than twice as much as today's by 2050. We feel it is necessary to satisfy this demand. It is obvious also that greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced in order to limit the severe consequences that they entail. An energy shortage could develop if new sources of large-scale energy production are not established. A significant contribution of nuclear power to such energy production by 2050 rests on a well-coordinated and optimised deployment scheme (Loiseaux et al., 2004; The Future of Nuclear Power, 2003). This requires, as early as today, a reflection on the present status of nuclear power, on its extrapolation into the future and, thus, on the means that should be put to work and the transition possibilities.

Published
2006

18. Physico-statistical modelling of the primary phase of an unprotected loss of flow

Author

Droin, J.-B., Marie, N., Bertrand, F., Merle-Lucotte, E., CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and amplexor, amplexor

Subjects
[PHYS.NUCL] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], [PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Unprotected Loss Of Flow, analytical approach, thermal-hydraulic modelling, Severe Accident, boiling stabilization, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Sodium Fast Reactor
Abstract

ISBN: 978-0-89448-722-4; International audience; The paper presents some outlines of CEA's work on Unprotected Loss Of Flow (ULOF) using an analytical tool under development, in particular regarding boiling stabilization. It is based on analytical thermal-hydraulic models that enable very low CPU times for each simulation (compared to mechanistic tools). It will thus be used to provide large sensitivity studies on various physical parameters. In this paper, boiling stabilization possibilities are studied in the case of a low, an intermediate and a high power transient, first considering a quasi-static approach. Then, transients are simulated to highlight dynamic aspects of the problem that can't be predicted with the quasi-static approach, such as chugging phenomenon or flow excursion transients.

Published
2015

19. The role of nuclear power in the european energy mix

Author

Bonin, B., Safa, H., Thais, F., Laureau, A., Merle-Lucotte, E., Miss, J., Matselyuk, D., Richet, Y., Breon, Francois-Marie, CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

20. An innovative methodology for evaluating core thermal expansion feedbacks in transient analyses

Author

Andriolo, L., Rineiski, A., Vezzoni, B., Chen, Xue-Nong, Maschek, W., Gabrielli, F., Delage, F., Merle-Lucotte, E., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Vernay, Emmanuelle

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

21. Coupled neutronics and thermal-hydraulics transient calculations based on a fission matrix approach: application to the molten salt fast reactor

Author

Laureau, A., Aufiero, M., Pablo Rubiolo, Merle-Lucotte, E., Heuer, D., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Vernay, Emmanuelle

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

International audience; This work presents a time dependent version of the fission matrix method named Transient Fission Matrix (TFM) developed to perform kinetics calculations. Coupled neutronics and thermal-hydraulics transient calculations are studied using the TFM approach and a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code. The generation of the matrices is performed using the Monte Carlo neutronic code SERPENT beforehand the transient calculation. The neutronic module and the coupling are directly implemented in the CFD opensource code OpenFOAM. An application case is presented on the Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR). This system is a circulating liquid fuel reactor characterized by a two meter core cavity and a fast spectrum. Thus the present approach is well suited since an accurate distribution of the velocity of the liquid fuel circulating in the cavity and of the delayed neutron precursor transport is required. A reactivity insertion incident of around 2.5$ is presented, showing the good behavior of the MSFR in such a case. A load-following from 50% to the nominal power generation is also discussed

Published
2015

22. Presentation of the MSFR reactor concept

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Vernay, Emmanuelle

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

23. Concept MSFR, projets NEEDS et SAMOFAR

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Vernay, Emmanuelle, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

24. Point sur le WP1 (Integral safety approach and system integration) du projet SAMOFAR

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Vernay, Emmanuelle

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Published
2014

25. Bilan d’EVOL: système MSFR

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Vernay, Emmanuelle, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Published
2014

26. Coupled neutronics and thermal-hydraulics numerical simulations of a Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR)

Author

Laureau, A., Pablo Rubiolo, Heuer, D., Merle-Lucotte, E., Brovchenko, M., Vernay, Emmanuelle, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Physics::Chemical Physics, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract

International audience; Coupled neutronics and thermalhydraulic numerical analyses of a molten salt fast reactor are presented. These preliminary numerical simulations are carried-out using the Monte Carlo code MCNP and the Computation Fluid Dynamic code OpenFOAM. The main objectives of this analysis performed at steady-reactor conditions are to confirm the acceptability of the current neutronic and thermalhydraulic designs of the reactor, to study the effects of the reactor operating conditions on some of the key MSFR design parameters such as the temperature peaking factor. The effects of the precursor’s motion on the reactor safety parameters such as the effective fraction of delayed neutrons have been evaluated.

Published
2014

27. The concept of fast spectrum Molten Salt Reactor (MSFR)

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Vernay, Emmanuelle

Subjects
[PHYS.NUCL] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]
Published
2013

28. Recommandations for a demonstrator of Molten Salt Fast Reactor

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Heuer, D., Allibert, M., Brovchenko, M., Ghetta, V., Pablo Rubiolo, Laureau, A., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Vernay, Emmanuelle

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

29. La filière thorium

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mosseri R., Jeandel C., and Vernay, Emmanuelle

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

ISBN 9782271076786

Published
2013

30. The molten salt reactor (MSR) in Genration IV: overview ans perspectives

Author

Boussier, H., Delpech, S., Ghetta, V., Heuer, D., Holcomb, D.-E., Ignatiev, V., Merle-Lucotte, E., Serp, J., Vernay, Emmanuelle, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

NEA n° 7141; International audience

Published
2013

31. Preliminary design assessment of the molten salt fast reactor

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Heuer, D., Allibert, M., Brovchenko, M., Ghetta, V., Laureau, A., Pablo Rubiolo, Vernay, Emmanuelle, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

ISBN 978-92-950641410; International audience

Published
2012

32. Liquid Fuel for Nuclear Energy: The Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR) Concept

Author

Delpech, S., Merle-Lucotte, E., Heuer, D., Slim, C., Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and D.A. Carasillo

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

Series Energy Science, Engineering and Technology

Published
2012

33. Launching the thorium fuel cycle with the Molten Salt Fast Reactor

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Heuer, D., Allibert, M., Brovchenko, M., Capellan, N., Ghetta, V., Vernay, Emmanuelle, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Hardware_CONTROLSTRUCTURESANDMICROPROGRAMMING, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Proc. on CD Rom paper 11190; International audience

Published
2011

35. Numerical tools for molten salt reactors simulation

Author

Doligez, X., Heuer, D., Merle-Lucotte, E., Ghetta, V., Allibert, M., Vernay, Emmanuelle, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

paper 9207; International audience; Essentially, because the salt is the moderator, the coolant and the fuel, the study of Molten Salt Reactor are specific. There are strong coupling between neutronics, and other part of physic field like the chemistry for instance. The system presented in this paper is called Molten Salt Fast Reactor which is a molten salt reactor with no moderator inside the core with a salt composition which leads to a fast neutron spectrum. Previous studies showed that this concept (previously called Thorium Molten Salt Reactor – Non moderated) has very promising characteristics. We tried to explain computational problems due to the study of this concept, especially the coupling with the reprocessing and with the chemistry. Indeed, the reprocessing is done little by little in situ, so we have to consider it in our studies. We also show that the redox properties changes during operation because fissions change the salt chemistry (it is a reductive process). Our program is a coupling between MCNP and a home made evolution code called REM. It was validated for thermal neutron and epithermal neutron spectrum but not for fast neutron spectrum, so a brief study with ERANOS of the MSFR is also presented here.

Published
2009

36. Optimizing the burning efficiency and the deployment capacities of the molten salt fast reactor

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Heuer, D., Allibert, M., Doligez, X., Ghetta, V., Vernay, Emmanuelle, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

paper 9149; International audience; Molten salt reactors in the present configuration, called Molten Salt Fast Reactors (MSFR), have been selected for further studies by the Generation IV International Forum. These reactors, characterized by a fast neutron spectrum, may be operated in simplified and safe conditions in the Th/233U fuel cycle with fluoride salts. Since 233U does not exist on earth and is not being directly produced today, we investigated the possibility of using, in this MSFR concept, the transuranic elements (TRU) currently produced in the world as an initial fissile load. We present here the concept, before focusing on a possible optimization in terms of minimization of the initial fissile inventory and improvement of the burning efficiency. Our studies demonstrate that an initial fissile inventory around 4 to 5 metric tons per GWe may be easily reached with a burning rate after 50 years of operation ranging from 87% to 93%. These studies also bring to light the limitations of the concept due to the irradiation damages to the structural materials. We conclude that this issue will have to be studied in depth to allow a realistic evaluation of the global possibilities of such a reactor.

Published
2009

37. Energie nucléaire

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Vernay, Emmanuelle, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Published
2009

38. Un concept innovant : les réacteurs à sels fondus

Author

Heuer, D., Merle-Lucotte, E., Vernay, Emmanuelle, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

Pour satisfaire les futurs besoins énergétiques, devant la raréfaction des énergies fossiles et les problèmes environnementaux qu' elles génèrent, la filière nucléaire pourrait se développer. Toutefois, celle‑ci, pour répondre aux diverses exigences (notamment de sûreté et de développement durable), doit développer de nouveaux concepts de réacteurs dits de « quatrième génération ». Parmi eux, le réacteur à sels fondus constitue une voie prometteuse.

Published
2009

39. Influence de l'unité de retraitement sur le comportement d'un TMSR

Author

Doligez, X., Heuer, D., Merle-Lucotte, E., Vernay, Emmanuelle, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Published
2009

40. Le réacteur à sels fondus MSFR

Author

Heuer, D., Merle-Lucotte, E., Doligez, X., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), V. Ghetta, J. Fouletier, P. Taxil, Vernay, Emmanuelle, and V. Ghetta, J. Fouletier, P. Taxil

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Published
2009

41. Thorium Molten Salt Reactor reprocessing unit: characterization and influence on the core behaviour

Author

Doligez, X., Heuer, D., Merle-Lucotte, E., Ghetta, V., Allibert, M., Delpech, S., Picard, G., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Analytique (LECA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Vernay, Emmanuelle

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2008

42. Le réacteur à sels fondus MFSR

Author

Heuer, D., Merle-Lucotte, E., Doligez, X., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), V. Ghetta, J. Fouletier, P. Taxil, Vernay, Emmanuelle, and V. Ghetta, J. Fouletier, P. Taxil

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2008

43. Physics and engineering of nuclear reactors at the 'Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Physique de Grenoble' of the 'Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble'

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Brissot, R., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and bibliotheque, LPSC

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Physics Education [physics.ed-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Physics Education [physics.ed-ph]
Abstract

International audience; If the use of fossil fuels is to be limited to curtail greenhouse gas emissions, fission nuclear energy is, along with new renewable energies, one of the primary energy sources able to respond significantly to the increasing worldwide demand. In this context, it is necessary to design and evaluate new generations of nuclear reactors as defined by the Gen IV International Forum. The Energy and Nuclear Engineering (GEN) curriculum of the Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Physique de Grenoble (ENSPG), one of the nine engineering schools of the Grenoble Institute of Technology (INPG), includes a balanced blend of basic courses in energy, nuclear and thermal hydraulic engineering, together with the corresponding engineering sciences to cover the technological aspects. The objective is to train engineers who shall master not only nuclear engineering for the production of electricity but, more broadly, energy and nuclear technologies and their various application fields.

Published
2007

44. Futur du nucléaire - Nucléaire du futur

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and bibliotheque, LPSC

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

Ecole de Physique Les Houches SFP- SFEN-PACE-CEA-IN2P3 Région Rhône-Alpes; L'énergie nucléaire peut jouer un rôle important dans un futur proche pour la production massive d'énergie au niveau mondial. Pour cela, elle devra satisfaire un certain nombre de critères généraux qui ont été définis par les organismes internationaux (IAEA, le Forum International Génération IV), et qui sont : une sûreté accrue, la durabilité par l'utilisation des noyaux fertiles, une bonne gestion des déchets, un champ élargi d'utilisations, une rentabilité économique acceptable et la résistance à la prolifération. Plusieurs concepts sont à l'étude voire en développement pour essayer de répondre à ces critères au sein de collaborations internationales plus ou moins larges. Après une présentation du contexte énergétique et de son futur au niveau mondial, ce papier exposera les arguments en faveur d'un futur du nucléaire en détaillant les avantages de cette forme de production d'énergie, avant une présentation des principaux systèmes en cours d'étude pour le nucléaire du futur.

Published
2007

45. The thorium molten salt reactor: Launching the thorium cycle while closing the current fuel cycle

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Heuer, D., Allibert, M., Ghetta, V., Le Brun, C., Brissot, R., Liatard, E., Mathieu, L., bibliotheque, LPSC, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Abstract

International audience; Molten salt reactors, in the configuration presented here and called Thorium Molten Salt Reactor (TMSR), are particularly well suited to fulfil the criteria defined by the Generation IV forum, and may be operated in simplified and safe conditions in the Th/233U fuel cycle with fluoride salts. The characteristics of TMSRs based on a fast neutron spectrum are detailed in this paper, focusing on their excellent level of deterministic safety. We aimed at designing a critical TMSR able to burn the Plutonium and the Minor Actinides produced in the currently operating reactors, and consequently to convert this Plutonium into 233U. This leads to closing the current fuel cycle thanks to TMSRs started with transuranic elements on a Thorium base, i.e. started in the Th/Pu fuel cycle. We study the transition between the reactors of second and third generations to the Thorium cycle in a European frame.

Published
2007

46. Les applications des sels liquides et les réacteurs à sels fondus - Liquid salt applications and molten salt reactors

Author

Forsberg, C.W., Renault, C., Le Brun, C., Merle-Lucotte, E., Ignatiev, I., bibliotheque, LPSC, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], molten salt reactors, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Published
2007

47. The non-moderated TMSR: an efficient actinide burner and a very promising thorium breeder

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Heuer, D., Le Brun, C., Allibert, M., Ghetta, V., Mathieu, L., Brissot, R., Liatard, E., bibliotheque, LPSC, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2007

48. The TMSR as Actinide Burner and Thorium Breeder

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., Heuer, D., Le Brun, C., Allibert, M., Ghetta, V., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and bibliotheque, LPSC

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Thorium Molten Salt Reactor
Published
2007

49. Le concept de TMSR : Réacteurs à sels fondus en cycle thorium

Author

Merle-Lucotte, E., bibliotheque, LPSC, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]
Published
2007

50. Etude par simulation numérique du retraitement des déchets du T.M.S.R. (Thorium Molten Salt Reactor)

Author

Doligez, X., Allibert, M., Ghetta, V., Heuer, D., Merle-Lucotte, E., bibliotheque, LPSC, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Molten salt reactors, TMSR, radiotoxicity, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], reprocessing, thorium
Abstract

Les réacteurs à sels fondus semblent aujourd'hui présenter une alternative intéressante aux réacteurs de quatrième génération refroidis au sodium. En effet, les réacteurs à sels fondus ont beaucoup évolué depuis le M.S.B.R. (prototype américain de réacteur à sels fondus modéré au graphite et fonctionnant en spectre thermique). Le concept évolue aujourd'hui vers des réacteurs sans modérateur en coeur dont le spectre neutronique s'est considérablement durci par rapport au spectre thermique du M.S.B.R. Ces réacteurs possèdent une unité de retraitement couplée qui permet de purifier le sel et d'optimiser la gestion des déchets rejetés. On espère ainsi définir un retraitement efficace qui minimiserait la radiotoxicité de ce type de réacteur. Ce rapport explique comment on simule l'évolution des réacteurs à sels fondus et on calcule la radiotoxicité des déchets produits. Les résultats donnés ici ne sont qu'indicatifs et servent surtout à monter que les outils et méthodes développés pendant ce stage sont satisfaisants et permettront une étude beaucoup plus poussée lors de la thèse qui suit.

Published
2007

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