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2. Spin-galvanic effect due to optical spin orientation

Author

Ganichev, S. D., Schneider, Petra, Bel'kov, V. V., Ivchenko, E. L., Tarasenko, S. A., Wegscheider, W., Weiss, D., Schuh, D., Murdin, B. N., Phillips, P. J., Pidgeon, C. R., Clarke, D. G., Merrick, M., Murzyn, P., Beregulin, E. V., and Prettl, W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter
Abstract

Under oblique incidence of circularly polarized infrared radiation the spin-galvanic effect has been unambiguously observed in (001)-grown $n$-type GaAs quantum well (QW) structures in the absence of any external magnetic field. Resonant inter-subband transitions have been obtained making use of the tunability of the free-electron laser FELIX. It is shown that a helicity dependent photocurrent along one of the $<110>$ axes is predominantly contributed by the spin-galvanic effect while that along the perpendicular in-plane axis is mainly due to the circular photogalvanic effect. This strong non-equivalence of the [110] and [1$\bar{1}$0] directions is determined by the interplay between bulk and structural inversion asymmetries. A microscopic theory of the spin-galvanic effect for direct inter-subband optical transitions has been developed being in good agreement with experimental findings.

Published
2003

13. Combining stress inoculation with virtual reality simulation training of malignant hyperthermia

Author

Erin E Blanchard, Zina Trost, Michelle R Brown, Corey Shum, and Merrick Meese

Subjects
Virtual reality simulation, Stress, Malignant hyperthermia, Medical students, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

Abstract Background Limited research has been conducted on how healthcare simulation can mitigate clinician stress. Stress exposure training (SET) has been shown to decrease stress’s impact on performance. Combining SET with virtual reality (VR) simulation training has not yet been explored in the context of stress inoculation. The primary purpose of this pilot study was to determine if a VR module could induce stress. The secondary purpose was to determine if repeated exposure to stressors could decrease stress response in a simulated environment. Methods Medical students were recruited to partake in VR simulation modules aimed at treatment of malignant hyperthermia (MH). Those in the SET group were exposed to stressful stimuli during training modules, while those in the Control group were not. Both groups then completed a Test Module with the presence of stressful stimuli. Objective and subjective indicators of stress were measured after each module. Results Both groups indicated increases in perceived stress and module stressfulness after Training Module 1 and decreases after Training Module 2. After the Test Module, the Control group experienced significant elevation in perceived stress (p = .05), and the SET group had a significant decrease in perceived module stressfulness (p

Published
2024
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20. Healthcare Provider Stress and Virtual Reality Simulation: A Scoping Review

Author

Merrick M Meese, Todd P. Chang, and Emma C O'Hagan

Subjects
Modality (human–computer interaction), Epidemiology, Computer science, Health Personnel, Virtual Reality, Medicine (miscellaneous), Sense of presence, Virtual reality, Education, 03 medical and health sciences, Health personnel, 0302 clinical medicine, Human–computer interaction, Modeling and Simulation, Clinical training, Stress (linguistics), Humans, Computer Simulation, 030212 general & internal medicine, Clinical care, Healthcare providers, Simulation Training, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

SUMMARY STATEMENT Despite the significant role that stress plays in clinical care and education and the potential benefit of virtual reality (VR) as a simulation modality, there is a dearth of literature on stress and VR. The results of this scoping review have shown the positive effect that VR simulation can have on mitigating the negative aspects of stress during simulation and clinical training as well as improving provider performance and affect. Virtual reality technology, and immersive VR specifically, has the potential to powerfully transform how simulation education is being conducted. Because of this, the authors encourage researchers to put more focus into this topic and in determining how VR can be used to provide simulations with excellent training and a strong sense of presence for the purpose of addressing how stress can impact learners' clinical training and performance.

Published
2020

26. Immersive Virtual Reality Anesthesiology Training: The Next Frontier in Simulation Training

Author

Chang Todd P, Meese Merrick M, and Trost Zina

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Frontier, Medical education, Computer science, Anesthesiology, medicine, Curriculum, Training (civil), Simulation training
Abstract

Current literature is unequivocal that simulation training and education are beneficial [1,2]. While anesthesia training - for physicians and anesthetists - regularly features simulation as part of standard curricula, much of the currently available traditional simulation is focused on specific technical tasks abstracted from clinically realistic practice. Further, such training regularly calls for immense time and resources

Published
2020
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