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5. WHO's essential medicines and AWaRe: recommendations on first- and second-choice antibiotics for empiric treatment of clinical infections

Author

Moja, Lorenzo, Zanichelli, Veronica, Mertz, Dominik, Gandra, Sumanth, Cappello, Bernadette, Cooke, Graham S., Chuki, Pem, Harbarth, Stephan, Pulcini, Celine, Mendelson, Marc, Tacconelli, Evelina, Ombajo, Loice Achieng, Chitatanga, Ronald, Zeng, Mei, Imi, Monica, Elias, Christelle, Ashorn, Per, Marata, Annamaria, Paulin, Sarah, Muller, Arno, Aidara-Kane, Awa, Wi, Teodora Elvira, Were, Wilson Milton, Tayler, Elizabeth, Figueras, Albert, Da Silva, Carmem Pessoa, Van Weezenbeek, Catharina, Magrini, Nicola, Sharland, Mike, Huttner, Benedikt, and Loeb, Mark

Published
2024
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7. Equity issues rarely addressed in the development of COVID-19 formal recommendations and good practice statements: a cross-sectional study

Author

Dewidar, Omar, Bondok, Mostafa, Abdelrazeq, Leenah, Aliyeva, Khadija, Solo, Karla, Welch, Vivian, Brignardello-Petersen, Romina, Mathew, Joseph L., Hazlewood, Glen, Pottie, Kevin, Hartling, Lisa, Khalifa, Dina Sami, Duda, Stephanie, Falavigna, Maicon, Khabsa, Joanne, Lotfi, Tamara, Petkovic, Jennifer, Elliot, Sarah, Chi, Yuan, Parker, Roses, Kristjansson, Elizabeth, Riddle, Alison, Darzi, Andrea J., Magwood, Olivia, Saad, Ammar, Rada, Gabriel, Neumann, Ignacio, Loeb, Mark, Reveiz, Ludovic, Mertz, Dominik, Piggott, Thomas, Turgeon, Alexis F., Schünemann, Holger, and Tugwell, Peter

Published
2023
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8. Characterization of Healthcare Associated and Community-Associated Clostridioides difficile Infections among Adults, Canada,2015-2019

Author

Du, Tim, Choi, Kelly B., Silva, Anada, Golding, George R., Pelude, Linda, Hizon, Romeo, Rawahi, Ghada N. Al-, Brooks, James, Chow, Blanda, Collet, Jun C., Comeau, Jeannette L., Davis, Ian, Evans, Gerald A., Frenette, Charles, Han, Guanghong, Johnstone, Jennie, Kibsey, Pamela, Katz, Kevin C., Langley, Joanne M., Lee, Bonita E., Longtin, Yves, Mertz, Dominik, Minion, Jessica, Science, Michelle, Srigley, Jocelyn A., Stagg, Paula, Suh, Kathryn N., Thampi, Nisha, Wong, Alice, and Hota, Susy S.

Subjects
Community-acquired infections -- Statistics -- Risk factors -- Patient outcomes, Clostridium infections -- Statistics -- Risk factors -- Patient outcomes, Cross infection -- Statistics -- Risk factors -- Patient outcomes, Nosocomial infections -- Statistics -- Risk factors -- Patient outcomes, Health
Abstract

Clostridioides difficile is a major cause of infectious nosocomial diarrhea in high-income countries (1). Disease severity ranges from asymptomatic colonization to fulminant colitis, sometimes leading to colectomy and death (2). [...]

Published
2022
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10. A meta-research study of randomized controlled trials found infrequent and delayed availability of protocols

Author

Schönenberger, Christof Manuel, Griessbach, Alexandra, Taji Heravi, Ala, Gryaznov, Dmitry, Gloy, Viktoria L., Lohner, Szimonetta, Klatte, Katharina, Ghosh, Nilabh, Lee, Hopin, Mansouri, Anita, Marian, Ioana R., Saccilotto, Ramon, Nury, Edris, Busse, Jason W., von Niederhäusern, Belinda, Mertz, Dominik, Blümle, Anette, Odutayo, Ayodele, Hopewell, Sally, Speich, Benjamin, and Briel, Matthias

Published
2022
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12. An evaluation of the COVID-19 recommendation map identified diverging clinical and public health guidance

Author

Nasir, Zil H., Mertz, Dominik, Nieuwlaat, Robby, Santesso, Nancy, Lotfi, Tamara, Motilall, Ashley, Moja, Lorenzo, Mbuagbaw, Lawrence, Klugar, Miloslav, Turgeon, Alexis F., Mathew, Joseph L., Canelo-Aybar, Carlos, Pottie, Kevin, Dewidar, Omar, Langendam, Miranda W., Iorio, Alfonso, Vist, Gunn Elisabeth, Meerpohl, Joerg J., Flottorp, Signe, Kredo, Tamara, Piggott, Thomas, Mathews, Micayla, Qaseem, Amir, Chu, Derek K., Tugwell, Peter, Klugarová, Jitka, Nelson, Harrison, Hussein, Heba, Suvada, Jozef, Neumann, Ignacio, and Schünemann, Holger J.

Published
2022
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16. Reporting quality of trial protocols improved for non-regulated interventions but not regulated interventions: A repeated cross-sectional study

Author

Lohner, Szimonetta, Gryaznov, Dmitry, von Niederhäusern, Belinda, Speich, Benjamin, Kasenda, Benjamin, Ojeda-Ruiz, Elena, Schandelmaier, Stefan, Mertz, Dominik, Odutayo, Ayodele, Tomonaga, Yuki, Amstutz, Alain, Pauli-Magnus, Christiane, Gloy, Viktoria, Bischoff, Karin, Wollmann, Katharina, Rehner, Laura, Meerpohl, Joerg J, Nordmann, Alain, Klatte, Katharina, Ghosh, Nilabh, Heravi, Ala Taji, Wong, Jacqueline, Chow, Ngai, Hong, Patrick Jiho, McCord, Kimberly, Sricharoenchai, Sirintip, Busse, Jason W., Agarwal, Arnav, Saccilotto, Ramon, Schwenkglenks, Matthias, Moffa, Giusi, Hemkens, Lars G., Hopewell, Sally, von Elm, Erik, Blümle, Anette, and Briel, Matthias

Published
2021
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17. Recommendation mapping of the World Health Organization's guidelines on tuberculosis: A new approach to digitizing and presenting recommendations

Author

Hajizadeh, Anisa, Lotfi, Tamara, Falzon, Dennis, Mertz, Dominik, Nieuwlaat, Robby, Gebreselassie, Nebiat, Jaramillo, Ernesto, Korobitsyn, Alexei, Zignol, Matteo, Mirzayev, Fuad, Ismail, Nazir, Brozek, Jan, Loeb, Mark, Piggott, Thomas, Darzi, Andrea, Wang, Qi, Mahmood, Al Subhi, Saroey, Praveen, Matthews, Micayla, Schünemann, Finn, Dietl, Bart, Nowak, Artur, Kulesza, Kuba, Muti-Schünemann, Giovanna E.U., Bognanni, Antonio, Charide, Rana, Akl, Elie A., Kasaeva, Tereza, and Schünemann, Holger J.

Published
2021
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18. GRADE Guidelines 30: the GRADE approach to assessing the certainty of modeled evidence—An overview in the context of health decision-making

Author

Brozek, Jan L., Canelo-Aybar, Carlos, Akl, Elie A., Bowen, James M., Bucher, John, Chiu, Weihsueh A., Cronin, Mark, Djulbegovic, Benjamin, Falavigna, Maicon, Guyatt, Gordon H., Gordon, Ami A., Hilton Boon, Michele, Hutubessy, Raymond C.W., Joore, Manuela A., Katikireddi, Vittal, LaKind, Judy, Langendam, Miranda, Manja, Veena, Magnuson, Kristen, Mathioudakis, Alexander G., Meerpohl, Joerg, Mertz, Dominik, Mezencev, Roman, Morgan, Rebecca, Morgano, Gian Paolo, Mustafa, Reem, O'Flaherty, Martin, Patlewicz, Grace, Riva, John J., Posso, Margarita, Rooney, Andrew, Schlosser, Paul M., Schwartz, Lisa, Shemilt, Ian, Tarride, Jean-Eric, Thayer, Kristina A., Tsaioun, Katya, Vale, Luke, Wambaugh, John, Wignall, Jessica, Williams, Ashley, Xie, Feng, Zhang, Yuan, and Schünemann, Holger J.

Published
2021
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22. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for COVID-19-associated severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in Canada: Analysis of data from the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program

Author

Qaddoura, Amro, primary, Bartoszko, Jessica, additional, Mitchell, Robyn, additional, Frenette, Charles, additional, Johnston, Lynn, additional, Mertz, Dominik, additional, Pelude, Linda, additional, Thampi, Nisha, additional, and Smith, Stephanie W, additional

Published
2024
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23. Evaluating the impact of a SIMPlified LaYered consent process on recruitment of potential participants to theStaphylococcus aureusNetwork Adaptive Platform trial: study protocol for a multicentre pragmatic nested randomised clinical trial (SIMPLY-SNAP trial)

Author

Ong, Sean W X, primary, Lee, Todd C, additional, Fowler, Robert A, additional, Mahar, Robert, additional, Pinto, Ruxandra L, additional, Rishu, Asgar, additional, Petrella, Lina, additional, Whiteway, Lyn, additional, Cheng, Matthew, additional, McDonald, Emily, additional, Johnstone, Jennie, additional, Mertz, Dominik, additional, Kandel, Christopher, additional, Somayaji, Ranjani, additional, Davis, Joshua S, additional, Tong, Steven Y C, additional, and Daneman, Nick, additional

Published
2024
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25. 2468. The Genomic Epidemiology of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales (CPE) in Ontario, Canada, 2016

Author

Jamal, Alainna J, primary, Tijet, Nathalie, additional, McGeer, Allison, additional, Baqi, Mahin, additional, Borgia, Sergio, additional, Ciccotelli, William, additional, Farshait, Nataly, additional, Katz, Kevin, additional, Mehta, Mamta, additional, Goneau, Lee, additional, Mertz, Dominik, additional, Small, Lorne N, additional, and Melano, Roberto, additional

Published
2023
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29. Nonregistration, discontinuation, and nonpublication of randomized trials: A repeated metaresearch analysis

Author

Speich, Benjamin, Gryaznov, Dmitry, Busse, Jason W., Gloy, Viktoria L., Lohner, Szimonetta, Klatte, Katharina, Taji Heravi, Ala, Ghosh, Nilabh, Lee, Hopin, Mansouri, Anita, Marian, Ioana R., Saccilotto, Ramon, Nury, Edris, Kasenda, Benjamin, Ojeda-Ruiz, Elena, Schandelmaier, Stefan, Tomonaga, Yuki, Amstutz, Alain, Pauli-Magnus, Christiane, Bischoff, Karin, Wollmann, Katharina, Rehner, Laura, Meerpohl, Joerg J., Nordmann, Alain, Wong, Jacqueline, Chow, Ngai, Hong, Patrick Jiho, Mc Cord - De Iaco, Kimberly, Sricharoenchai, Sirintip, Agarwal, Arnav, Schwenkglenks, Matthias, Hemkens, Lars G., von Elm, Erik, Copsey, Bethan, Griessbach, Alexandra N., Schönenberger, Christof, Mertz, Dominik, Blümle, Anette, von Niederhäusern, Belinda, Hopewell, Sally, Odutayo, Ayodele, and Briel, Matthias

Subjects
Medical research -- Methods -- Management, Medicine, Experimental -- Methods -- Management, Clinical trials -- Methods -- Management -- Statistics, Company business management, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background We previously found that 25% of 1,017 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) approved between 2000 and 2003 were discontinued prematurely, and 44% remained unpublished at a median of 12 years follow-up. We aimed to assess a decade later (1) whether rates of completion and publication have increased; (2) the extent to which nonpublished RCTs can be identified in trial registries; and (3) the association between reporting quality of protocols and premature discontinuation or nonpublication of RCTs. Methods and findings We included 326 RCT protocols approved in 2012 by research ethics committees in Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Canada in this metaresearch study. Pilot, feasibility, and phase 1 studies were excluded. We extracted trial characteristics from each study protocol and systematically searched for corresponding trial registration (if not reported in the protocol) and full text publications until February 2022. For trial registrations, we searched the (i) World Health Organization: International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (ICTRP); (ii) US National Library of Medicine (ClinicalTrials.gov); (iii) European Union Drug Regulating Authorities Clinical Trials Database (EUCTR); (iv) ISRCTN registry; and (v) Google. For full text publications, we searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. We recorded whether RCTs were registered, discontinued (including reason for discontinuation), and published. The reporting quality of RCT protocols was assessed with the 33-item SPIRIT checklist. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between the independent variables protocol reporting quality, planned sample size, type of control (placebo versus other), reporting of any recruitment projection, single-center versus multicenter trials, and industry versus investigator sponsoring, with the 2 dependent variables: (1) publication of RCT results; and (2) trial discontinuation due to poor recruitment. Of the 326 included trials, 19 (6%) were unregistered. Ninety-eight trials (30%) were discontinued prematurely, most often due to poor recruitment (37%; 36/98). One in 5 trials (21%; 70/326) remained unpublished at 10 years follow-up, and 21% of unpublished trials (15/70) were unregistered. Twenty-three of 147 investigator-sponsored trials (16%) reported their results in a trial registry in contrast to 150 of 179 industry-sponsored trials (84%). The median proportion of reported SPIRIT items in included RCT protocols was 69% (interquartile range 61% to 77%). We found no variables associated with trial discontinuation; however, lower reporting quality of trial protocols was associated with nonpublication (odds ratio, 0.71 for each 10% increment in the proportion of SPIRIT items met; 95% confidence interval, 0.55 to 0.92; p = 0.009). Study limitations include that the moderate sample size may have limited the ability of our regression models to identify significant associations. Conclusions We have observed that rates of premature trial discontinuation have not changed in the past decade. Nonpublication of RCTs has declined but remains common; 21% of unpublished trials could not be identified in registries. Only 16% of investigator-sponsored trials reported results in a trial registry. Higher reporting quality of RCT protocols was associated with publication of results. Further efforts from all stakeholders are needed to improve efficiency and transparency of clinical research., Author(s): Benjamin Speich 1,2,*, Dmitry Gryaznov 1, Jason W. Busse 3,4, Viktoria L. Gloy 1, Szimonetta Lohner 5,6, Katharina Klatte 7, Ala Taji Heravi 1,8, Nilabh Ghosh 1, Hopin Lee [...]

Published
2022
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30. Patient- and hospital-level predictors of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) bacteremia in Ontario, Canada

Author

Evans, Gerald A., Gardam, Michael, Hota, Susy, John, Michael, Katz, Kevin, Lemieux, Camille, McGeer, Allison, Mertz, Dominik, Muller, Matthew P., Roth, Virginia, Suh, Kathryn N., Vearncombe, Mary, Johnstone, Jennie, Chen, Cynthia, Rosella, Laura, Adomako, Kwaku, Policarpio, Michelle E., Lam, Freda, Prematunge, Chatura, and Garber, Gary

Published
2018
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31. CSO (Canadian Society of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery) position paper on rhinologic and skull base surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Chan, Yvonne, Banglawala, Sarfaraz M., Chin, Christopher J., Côté, David W. J., Dalgorf, Dustin, de Almeida, John R., Desrosiers, Martin, Gall, Richard M., Gevorgyan, Artur, Hassan Hassan, A., Janjua, Arif, Lee, John M., Leung, Randy M., Mechor, Bradford D., Mertz, Dominik, Monteiro, Eric, Nayan, Smriti, Rotenberg, Brian, Scott, John, Smith, Kristine A., Sommer, Doron D., Sowerby, Leigh, Tewfik, Marc A., Thamboo, Andrew, Vescan, Allan, and Witterick, Ian J.

Published
2020
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32. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir use among adults hospitalized with COVID-19 during the Omicron phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program

Author

Mitchell, Robyn, primary, Lee, Diane, additional, Pelude, Linda, additional, Comeau, Jeannette, additional, Conly, John, additional, Ellis, Chelsey, additional, Ellison, Jennifer, additional, Embil, John, additional, Evans, Gerald, additional, Johnston, Lynn, additional, Johnstone, Jennie, additional, Katz, Kevin, additional, Kibsey, Pamela, additional, Lee, Bonita, additional, Lefebvre, Marie-Astrid, additional, Longtin, Yves, additional, McGeer, Allison, additional, Mertz, Dominik, additional, Minion, Jessica, additional, Smith, Stephanie, additional, Srigley, Jocelyn, additional, Suh, Kathryn, additional, Tomlinson, Jen, additional, Wong, Alice, additional, Thampi, Nisha, additional, and Frenette, Charles, additional

Published
2023
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33. Utilisation du nirmatrelvir/ritonavir chez les adultes admis à l’hôpital en raison de la COVID-19 pendant la phase Omicron de la pandémie de COVID-19, Programme canadien de surveillance des infections nosocomiales

Author

Mitchell, Robyn, primary, Lee, Diane, additional, Pelude, Linda, additional, Comeau, Jeannette, additional, Conly, John, additional, Ellis, Chelsey, additional, Ellison, Jennifer, additional, Embil, John, additional, Evans, Gerald, additional, Johnston, Lynn, additional, Johnstone, Jennie, additional, Katz, Kevin, additional, Kibsey, Pamela, additional, Lee, Bonita, additional, Lefebvre, Marie-Astrid, additional, Longtin, Yves, additional, McGeer, Allison, additional, Mertz, Dominik, additional, Minion, Jessica, additional, Smith, Stephanie, additional, Srigley, Jocelyn, additional, Suh, Kathryn, additional, Tomlinson, Jen, additional, Wong, Alice, additional, Thampi, Nisha, additional, and Frenette, Charles, additional

Published
2023
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35. Premature Discontinuation of Pediatric Randomized Controlled Trials: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

Schandelmaier, Stefan, Tomonaga, Yuki, Bassler, Dirk, Meerpohl, Joerg J., von Elm, Erik, You, John J., Bluemle, Anette, Lamontagne, Francois, Saccilotto, Ramon, Amstutz, Alain, Bengough, Theresa, Stegert, Mihaela, Olu, Kelechi K., Tikkinen, Kari A.O., Neumann, Ignacio, Carrasco-Labra, Alonso, Faulhaber, Markus, Mulla, Sohail M., Mertz, Dominik, Akl, Elie A., Sun, Xin, Busse, Jason W., Ferreira-González, Ignacio, Nordmann, Alain, Gloy, Viktoria, Raatz, Heike, Moja, Lorenzo, Rosenthal, Rachel, Ebrahim, Shanil, Vandvik, Per O., Johnston, Bradley C., Walter, Martin A., Burnand, Bernard, Schwenkglenks, Matthias, Hemkens, Lars G., Guyatt, Gordon, Bucher, Heiner C., Kasenda, Benjamin, and Briel, Matthias

Published
2017
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37. Rationale and design of repeated cross-sectional studies to evaluate the reporting quality of trial protocols: the Adherence to SPIrit REcommendations (ASPIRE) study and associated projects

Author

Gryaznov, Dmitry, Odutayo, Ayodele, von Niederhäusern, Belinda, Speich, Benjamin, Kasenda, Benjamin, Ojeda-Ruiz, Elena, Blümle, Anette, Schandelmaier, Stefan, Mertz, Dominik, Tomonaga, Yuki, Amstutz, Alain, Pauli-Magnus, Christiane, Gloy, Viktoria, Bischoff, Karin, Wollmann, Katharina, Rehner, Laura, Lohner, Szimonetta, Meerpohl, Joerg J., Nordmann, Alain, Klatte, Katharina, Ghosh, Nilabh, Heravi, Ala Taji, Wong, Jacqueline, Chow, Ngai, Hong, Patrick Jiho, Cord, Kimberly Mc, Sricharoenchai, Sirintip, Busse, Jason W., Agarwal, Arnav, Saccilotto, Ramon, Schwenkglenks, Matthias, Moffa, Giusi, Hemkens, Lars G., Hopewell, Sally, von Elm, Erik, and Briel, Matthias

Published
2020
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38. Measures of retention in HIV care: A protocol for a mixed methods study.

Author

Rehman, Nadia, Garcia, Michael Cristian, Jones, Aaron, Ma, Jinhui, Mertz, Dominik, and Mbuagbaw, Lawrence

Subjects
HIV, INSTITUTIONAL review boards, VIRAL load, DELPHI method, HIV-positive persons, LIKERT scale
Abstract

Introduction: Retention in HIV care is necessary to achieve adherence to antiretroviral therapy, viral load suppression, and optimal health outcomes. There is no standard definition for retention in HIV care, which compromises consistent and reliable reporting and comparison of retention across facilities, jurisdictions, and studies. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore how stakeholders involved in HIV care define retention in HIV care and their preferences on measuring retention. Methods: We will use an exploratory sequential mixed methods design involving HIV stakeholder groups such as people living with HIV, people involved in providing care for PLHIV, and people involved in decision-making about PLHIV. In the qualitative phase of the study, we will conduct 20–25 in-depth interviews to collect the perspectives of HIV stakeholders on using their preferred retention measures. The findings from the qualitative phase will inform the development of survey items for the quantitative phase. Survey participants (n = 385) will be invited to rate the importance of each approach to measuring retention on a seven-point Likert scale. We will merge the qualitative and quantitative findings phase findings to inform a consensus-building framework for a standard definition of retention in care. Ethical issues and dissemination: This study has received ethics approval from the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, and among stakeholder groups. Limitations: This study has limitations; we won't be able to arrive at a standard definition; a Delphi technique amongst the stakeholders will be utilized using the framework to reach a consensus globally accepted definition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. More Than a Decade Since the Latest CONSORT Non-inferiority Trials Extension: Do Infectious Diseases Trials Do Enough?

Author

Komorowski, Adam S, Lo, Carson K L, Kapoor, Andrew K, Smieja, Marek, Loeb, Mark, Mertz, Dominik, and Bai, Anthony D

Subjects
COMMUNICABLE diseases, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, DRUG resistance, PHYSICIANS' attitudes, ANTIBIOTIC prophylaxis, RISK assessment
Abstract

More than a decade after the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials group released a reporting items checklist for non-inferiority randomized controlled trials, the infectious diseases literature continues to underreport these items. Trialists, journals, and peer reviewers should redouble their efforts to ensure infectious diseases studies meet these minimum reporting standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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40. Failure of scabies treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Mbuagbaw, Lawrence, Sadeghirad, Behnam, Morgan, Rebecca L, Mertz, Dominik, Motaghi, Shahrzad, Ghadimi, Maryam, Babatunde, Ifeoluwa, Zani, Babalwa, Pasumarthi, Tejanth, Derby, McKenzie, Kothapudi, Venkata N, Palmer, Nicole R, Aebischer, Anton, Harder, Thomas, and Reichert, Felix

Subjects
SCABIES, TREATMENT failure, IVERMECTIN, CINAHL database, FACTOR analysis
Abstract

Background Treatment failure is considered to be an important factor in relation to the increase in scabies incidence over the last decade. However, the regional and temporal differences, in addition to the predictors of therapy failure, are unclear. Objectives We aimed to conduct a systematic review of the prevalence of treatment failure in patients with scabies and investigation of associated factors. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Global Health and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to August 2021 for randomized and quasi-randomized trials, in addition to observational studies that enrolled children or adults diagnosed with confirmed or clinical scabies treated with permethrin, ivermectin, crotamiton, benzyl benzoate, malathion, sulfur or lindane, and measured treatment failure or factors associated with treatment failure. We performed a random effects meta-analysis for all outcomes reported by at least two studies. Results A total of 147 studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review. The overall prevalence of treatment failure was 15.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 12.9–17.6; I 2 = 95.3%, moderate-certainty evidence] with regional differences between World Health Organization regions (P = 0.003) being highest in the Western Pacific region (26.9%, 95% CI 14.5–41.2). Oral ivermectin (11.8%, 95% CI 8.4–15.4), topical ivermectin (9.3%, 95% CI 5.1–14.3) and permethrin (10.8%, 95% CI 7.5–14.5) had relatively lower failure prevalence compared with the overall prevalence. Failure prevalence was lower in patients treated with two doses of oral ivermectin (7.1%, 95% CI 3.1–12.3) compared with those treated with one dose (15.2%, 95% CI 10.8–20.2; P = 0.021). Overall and permethrin treatment failure prevalence in the included studies (1983–2021) increased by 0.27% and 0.58% per year, respectively. Only three studies conducted a multivariable risk factor analysis; no studies assessed resistance. Conclusions A second dose of ivermectin showed lower failure prevalence than single-dose ivermectin, which should be considered in all guidelines. The increase in treatment failure over time hints at decreasing mite susceptibility for several drugs, but reasons for failure are rarely assessed. Ideally, scabicide susceptibility testing should be implemented in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Trends in health care-associated infections in acute care hospitals in Canada: an analysis of repeated point-prevalence surveys

Author

Mitchell, Robyn, Taylor, Geoffrey, Rudnick, Wallis, Alexandre, Stephanie, Bush, Kathryn, Forrester, Leslie, Frenette, Charles, Granfield, Bonny, Gravel-Tropper, Denise, Happe, Jennifer, John, Michael, Lavallee, Christian, McGeer, Allison, Mertz, Dominik, Pelude, Linda, Science, Michelle, Simor, Andrew, Smith, Stephanie, Suh, Kathryn N., Vayalumkal, Joseph, Wong, Alice, and Amaratunga, Kanchana

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -- Surveys, Mortality -- Ontario -- Alberta -- Canada -- Surveys, Staphylococcus aureus infections -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Urinary tract infections -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Microbial drug resistance -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Pneumonia -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Methicillin -- Surveys -- Health aspects, Morbidity, Staphylococcal infections, Medical equipment, Infection, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Health care-associated infections are a common cause of patient morbidity and mortality. We sought to describe the trends in these infections in acute care hospitals, using data from 3 national point-prevalence surveys. METHODS: The Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP) conducted descriptive point-prevalence surveys to assess the burden of health care-associated infections on a single day in February of 2002, 2009 and 2017. Surveyed infections included urinary tract infection, pneumonia, Clostridioides difficile infection, infection at surgical sites and bloodstream infections. We compared the prevalence of infection across the survey years and considered the contribution of antimicrobial-resistant organisms as a cause of these infections. RESULTS: We surveyed 28 of 33 (response rate 84.8%) CNISP hospitals (6747 patients) in 2002, 39 of 55 (response rate 71.0%) hospitals (8902 patients) in 2009 and 47 of 66 (response rate 71.2%) hospitals (9929 patients) in 2017. The prevalence of patients with at least 1 health care-associated infection increased from 9.9% in 2002 (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.4%-11.5%) to 11.3% in 2009 (95% CI 9.4%-13.5%), and then declined to 7.9% in 2017 (95% CI 6.8% 9.0%). In 2017, device-associated infections accounted for 35.6% of all health care-associated infections. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounted for 3.9% of all organisms identified from 2002 to 2017; other antibiotic-resistant organisms were uncommon causes of infection for all survey years. INTERPRETATION: In CNISP hospitals, there was a decline in the prevalence of health care-associated infection in 2017 compared with previous surveys. However, strategies to prevent infections associated with medical devices should be developed. Apart from MRSA, few infections were caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms., Health care-associated infections represent substantial burden on health care systems in highly developed countries, including Canada. (1-3) In 2002, health care-associated infection developed in an estimated 5% of patients admitted [...]

Published
2019
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43. Methodological and reporting quality of non-inferiority randomised controlled trials comparing antiretroviral therapies: a systematic review

Author

Lo, Carson K L, primary, Komorowski, Adam S, additional, Hall, Clayton W, additional, Sandstrom, Teslin S, additional, Alamer, Amnah A M, additional, Mourad, Omar, additional, Li, Xena X, additional, Al Ohaly, Rand, additional, Benoit, Marie-Ève, additional, Duncan, D Brody, additional, Fuller, Charlotte A, additional, Shaw, Shazeema, additional, Suresh, Mallika, additional, Smaill, Fiona, additional, Kapoor, Andrew K, additional, Smieja, Marek, additional, Mertz, Dominik, additional, and Bai, Anthony D, additional

Published
2023
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44. SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak Investigation Using Contact Tracing and Whole-Genome Sequencing in an Ontario Tertiary Care Hospital

Author

Tsang, Kara K., primary, Ahmad, Shehryar, additional, Aljarbou, Alanoud, additional, Al Salem, Mohammed, additional, Baker, Sheridan J. C., additional, Panousis, Emily M., additional, Derakhshani, Hooman, additional, Rossi, Laura, additional, Nasir, Jalees A., additional, Bulir, David C., additional, Surette, Michael G., additional, Lee, Robyn S., additional, Smaill, Fiona, additional, Mertz, Dominik, additional, McArthur, Andrew G., additional, and Khan, Sarah, additional

Published
2023
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45. Trends in Severe Outcomes Among Adult and Pediatric Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program, March 2020 to May 2022

Author

Mitchell, Robyn, primary, Cayen, Joelle, additional, Thampi, Nisha, additional, Frenette, Charles, additional, Bartoskzo, Jessica, additional, Choi, Kelly Baekyung, additional, Comeau, Jeannette L., additional, Conly, John, additional, Ellis, Chelsey, additional, Ellison, Jennifer, additional, Embil, John, additional, Evans, Gerald, additional, Johnston, Lynn, additional, Johnstone, Jennie, additional, Katz, Kevin C., additional, Kibsey, Pamela, additional, Lee, Bonita, additional, Lefebvre, Marie-Astrid, additional, Longtin, Yves, additional, McGeer, Allison, additional, Mertz, Dominik, additional, Minion, Jessica, additional, Rudnick, Wallis, additional, Silva, Anada, additional, Smith, Stephanie W., additional, Srigley, Jocelyn A., additional, Suh, Kathryn N., additional, Tomlinson, Jen, additional, Wong, Alice, additional, and Pelude, Linda, additional

Published
2023
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46. An analysis of protocols and publications suggested that most discontinuations of clinical trials were not based on preplanned interim analyses or stopping rules

Author

Stegert, Mihaela, Kasenda, Benjamin, Elm, Erik von, You, John J., Blümle, Anette, Tomonaga, Yuki, Saccilotto, Ramon, Amstutz, Alain, Bengough, Theresa, Meerpohl, Joerg J., Tikkinen, Kari A.O., Neumann, Ignacio, Carrasco-Labra, Alonso, Faulhaber, Markus, Mulla, Sohail, Mertz, Dominik, Akl, Elie A., Bassler, Dirk, Busse, Jason W., Ferreira-González, Ignacio, Lamontagne, Francois, Nordmann, Alain, Gloy, Viktoria, Olu, Kelechi Kalu, Raatz, Heike, Moja, Lorenzo, Rosenthal, Rachel, Ebrahim, Shanil, Schandelmaier, Stefan, Sun, Xin, Vandvik, Per O., Johnston, Bradley C., Walter, Martin A., Burnand, Bernard, Schwenkglenks, Matthias, Hemkens, Lars G., Bucher, Heiner C., Guyatt, Gordon H., Briel, Matthias, and von Elm, Erik

Published
2016
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50. Methodological and Reporting Quality of Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Trials Comparing Antiretroviral Therapies: A Systematic Review.

Author

Lo, Carson K L, Komorowski, Adam S, Hall, Clayton W, Sandstrom, Teslin S, Alamer, Amnah A M, Mourad, Omar, Li, Xena X, Ohaly, Rand Al, Benoit, Marie-Ève, Duncan, D Brody, Fuller, Charlotte A, Shaw, Shazeema, Suresh, Mallika, Smaill, Fiona, Kapoor, Andrew K, Smieja, Marek, Mertz, Dominik, Bai, Anthony D, and Group, for the McMaster Infectious Diseases Fellow Research

Subjects
HIV infections, MEDICAL databases, RESEARCH, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, CONFIDENCE intervals, SYSTEMATIC reviews, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, ANTI-infective agents, HIGHLY active antiretroviral therapy, COMPARATIVE studies, MEDICAL protocols, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, BLIND experiment, MEDLINE, RESEARCH bias
Abstract

Background It is unclear whether the reporting quality of antiretroviral (ARV) noninferiority (NI) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has improved since the CONSORT guideline release in 2006. The primary objective of this systematic review was assessing the methodological and reporting quality of ARV NI-RCTs. We also assessed reporting quality by funding source and publication year. Methods We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central from inception to 14 November 2022. We included NI-RCTs comparing ≥2 ARV regimens used for human immunodeficiency virus treatment or prophylaxis. We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool to assess risk of bias. Screening and data extraction were performed blinded and in duplicate. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data; statistical tests were 2 sided, with significance defined as P <.05. The systematic review was prospectively registered (PROSPERO CRD42022328586), and not funded. Results We included 160 articles reporting 171 trials. Of these articles, 101 (63.1%) did not justify the NI margin used, and 28 (17.5%) did not provide sufficient information for sample size calculation. Eighty-nine of 160 (55.6%) reported both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses, while 118 (73.8%) described missing data handling. Ten of 171 trials (5.9%) reported potentially misleading results. Pharmaceutical industry–funded trials were more likely to be double-blinded (28.1% vs 10.3%; P =.03) and to describe missing data handling (78.5% vs 59.0%; P =.02). The overall risk of bias was low in 96 of 160 studies (60.0%). Conclusions ARV NI-RCTs should improve NI margin justification, reporting of intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses, and missing data handling to increase CONSORT adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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