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The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of INIAP 811 grass and Tithonia diversifolia in five proportions (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100 respectively on dry basis), on the bromatological composition, in vitro digestibility and in vitro gas production in the dry season. The treatments were T1= 100% grass INIAP 811; T2= 75% INAP 811 grass and 25% T. diversifolia; T3= 50% INAP 811 grass and 50% T. diversifolia; T4= 25% INAP 811 grass and 75% T. diversifolia and T5= 100% T. diversifolia. The variables for the bromatological composition: dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). For in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). In vitro gas production from dry matter (B) and gas production rate (C). The best (p

Introduction.The Mocache canton (Ecuador) is a humid tropical zone, with a dry season of six months, which affects the availability and quality of forage, a situation that reduces the productive and reproductive capacity of ruminants.Objective.To evaluate the apparentin vitroruminal degradation parameters of dry matter (DMD), organic matter (OMD), neutral detergent fiber (NDFD), and acid detergent fiber (ADFD) inTithonia diversifoliaharvested at four different cutting ages during the dry season. Materials and methods. The research was carried out at the “La María” Experimental Farm of the Universidad Tecnica Estatal de Quevedo, Ecuador, between August and October 2017. Four rumen fistulated bulls were used. A complete randomized design (CRD) was used. The treatments were:Tithonia diversifoliaat 30 days of cutting (T1),Tithonia diversifoliaat 45 days of cutting (T2),Tithonia diversifoliaat 60 days of cutting (T3), andTithonia diversifoliaat 75 days of cutting (T4). The incubation times were: 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours with four replicates per treatment. The variables evaluated were: DMD, OMD, NFDD, and AFDD.Results.The ruminal degradation parameters showed statistical differences between treatments (p

Agronomic behavior and nutritional value of Morus alba were evaluated at different ages. The variables for agronomic behavior: plant height (PH) (m); leaf biomass per plant (LBP g MS plant-1); stem biomass per plant (SBP g MS plant-1); leaf / stem ratio grams (SRG/ T g); forage biomass per plant (FBP) (g); productivity (Prod) (t MS ha-1). Chemical composition: dry matter (DM); organic matter (OM); crude protein (CP); neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). In vitro digestibility: dry matter (IVDDM); organic matter (IVDOM); neutral detergent fiber (IVDNDF) and acid detergent fiber (IVDADF). Treatments: T1: Morus alba 40 days of harvest; T2: Morus alba 55 days of harvest; T3: Morus alba 70 days of harvest; T4: Morus alba 85 days of harvest. A Complete Random Design with four treatments and four repetitions was used. The highest (P

The morphoagronomic characteristics along with production yield, bromatological composition and the apparent in vitro digestibility of four cutting ages in Tithonia diversifolia during the dry season were evaluated. A Block Design was used, entirely at random, with four treatments and four repetitions per treatment: T1: Tithonia diversifolia 30 days of cutting; T2: Tithonia diversifolia 45 days of cutting; T3: Tithonia diversifolia 60 days of cutting y T4: Tithonia diversifolia 75 days of cutting. The best morphoagronomic characteristics (plant heights, leaf/stem ratio #, leaf weight per plant, stem weight per plant, leaf weight, stem weight, absolute growth rate, biomass per plant and production) were found at 75 days of cutting (1.71 m; 13.24 #; 99.00 g/MS; 217.92 g/MS; 0.61 g MS; 15.94 g MS; 7.46 g MS/day; 316.92 g MS/plant and 5.62 t DM/ha, respectively) and the best leaf/stem ratio was found at 30 days of cutting g (1.65 g/MS). The dry and organic matter shown their higher rates at 75 days of cutting (21.80 and 84.85%, respectively) whilst crude protein reached it at 30 and 45 days of cutting (24.68 and 22.60%, respectively). Neutral acid detergent fiber (P>0.05). Dry and organic matter digestibility (P>0.05). The best digestibilities for neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were found at 30 and 75 days of cutting (62.15 and 61.90; 61.18 and 59.70%, respectively). This results propose Tithonia diversifolia to be considered an alternative food source for animal feed Se evaluaron las características morfoagronómica, rendimiento de producción, composición bromatológica y la digestibilidad in vitro aparente de cuatro edades de corte en Tithonia diversifolia durante la época seca. Se utilizó un diseño de completamente al azar con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento: T1: Tithonia diversifolia 30 días de corte; T2: Tithonia diversifolia 45 días de corte; T3: Tithonia diversifolia 60 días de corte y T4: Tithonia diversifolia 75 días de corte. Las mejores alturas de plantas, relación hoja/tallo #, peso de hoja por planta, peso de tallo por planta, peso de hoja, peso de tallo, tasa absoluta de crecimiento, biomasa por planta y la producción, fueron a los días 75 (1.71 m; 13.24 #; 99.00 g/MS; 217.92 g/MS; 0.61 g MS; 15.94 g MS; 7.46 g MS/día; 316.92 g MS/planta y 5.62 t MS/ha, respectivamente) y la relación hoja/tallo g a los días 30 (1.65 g/MS). La mejor materia seca y materia orgánica fue a los días 75 (21.80 y 84.85%, respectivamente). Así mismo, la proteína cruda a los días 30 y 45 (24.68 y 22.60%, respectivamente). La fibra detergente neutra y fibra detergente ácida, no registraron diferencias entre tratamientos (P>0.05). La digestibilidad de la materia seca y materia orgánica no presentaron diferencias entre tratamientos (P>0.05). Las mejores digestibilidades de la fibra detergente neutra y fibra detergente ácida fue a los días 30 y 75 (62.15 y 61.90; 61.18 y 59.70%, respectivamente). Se concluye que el forraje de Tithonia diversifolia puede considerarse una fuente alternativa alimenticia para la alimentación animal

The objetives were to determine the digestibility in vivo and the productive behavior in rabbits fed with foliage flour of Tithonia diversifolia in substitution of the balanced one. The treatments were: T0 = Balanced 100%; T1 = Balanced 75% + 25% Tithonia diversifolia flour; T2 = Balanced 50% + Tithonia diversifolia flour 50%; T3 = Balanced 25% + 75% Tithonia diversifolia flour and T4 = 100% Tithonia diversifolia flour. A complete randomized design (CRD) with four replications was applied. to assess digestible energy (DE). 20 male rabbits with an average weight of 1400 g were used and 40 weaned male rabbits with an average weight of 250 g were used for the productive performance. To establish the difference between means, the Tukey test (P

La investigación se ejecutó en la Finca Experimental "La María", propiedad de la Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo (UTEQ), localizada en el kilómetro 7 ¹/2 de la Vía Quevedo-El Empalme, provincia de Los Ríos, cuya ubicación geográfica de 01º 06' 13" de latitud sur y 79º 29' 22" de longitud oeste y a una altura de 73 msnm. La investigación tuvo una duración de 56 días. Los objetivos fueron: a) Determinar el incremento de peso en el engorde de cuyes a base de gramíneas tropicales. b) Determinar el incremento de peso en el engorde de cuyes a base de forrajeras arbustivas tropicales. c) Determinar la rentabilidad de los tratamientos. Se utilizaron 48 cuyes machos de 30 días de edad con un peso promedio de 411,11 g. La unidad experimental estuvo conformada por dos animales. Se aplicó un diseño de bloques completamente al azar (DBCA) con cuatro repeticiones. Para determinar diferencias entre medias de tratamiento se aplicó la prueba de rangos múltiples de Tukey (P

The research was implemented in the Union Parish Canton Valencia, Province of Los Ríos, La Union Parish, in the 2 mile route Valencia - La Mana, for a period of 45 days. The objective of the research was to evaluate three levels of forage peanut flour (10 , 20 and 30 %) included in the diet of quail feed quails 300 were used , which were divided into four treatments with four replicates of 15 experimental units , using a completely randomized design . The treatments were: control group ( T1) without balanced diet forage peanut flour ; treatment (T2 ) with a balanced diet of forage peanut flour 10% , T3 treatment balanced diet with forage peanut flour 20% T4 treatment and a diet balanced with forage peanut flour at 30%. It was determined that the highest consumption had it with the T3 (53.45g ) , while the T4 consumed ( 51.98 g ) , followed by T2 and T1 treatments ( 51.30 and 49.98 g ) respectively There are no significant differences between study treatments . Regarding the weight gain was the best treatment for T1 with 83.55 g, followed by treatment with 75.54 g T2, T3 continuing treatment with 57.71 g and finally the treatment T4 with 55.67 g having no significant differences between treatments. The best feed conversion was observed in treatment T1 (0 % forage peanut flour), with no significant differences by Tukeytest. The carcass yield treatments showed no significant difference between treatment with T4 being the best 79.08 %. The best cost-benefit ratio is obtained in the treatment T2 with $ 0.89 for every dollar invested in the growth and fattening quails. La investigación se ejecutó en la Parroquia La Unión del Cantón Valencia, Provincia de Los Ríos, Parroquia La Unión, en el kilometro 2 de la vía Valencia – La Mana, durante un periodo de 45 días. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar tres niveles de harina de maní forrajero (10, 20 y 30%) incluido en la dieta de alimentación de las codornices Se utilizaron 300 codornices, los cuales se dividieron en cuatro tratamientos con cuatro repeticiones de 15 unidades experimentales, mediante un diseño completamente al azar. Los tratamientos fueron: grupo testigo (T1) una dieta de balanceado sin harina de maní forrajero; tratamiento (T2) una dieta de balanceado conharina de maní forrajero al 10%, tratamiento T3 una dieta de balanceado con harina de maní forrajero al 20% y tratamiento T4 una dieta de balanceado con harina de maní forrajero al 30%. Se determino que el consumo más alto lo tuvo el T3 con (53,45 g), mientras que el T4 consumió (51,98 g), seguido de los tratamientos T2 y T1 con (51,30 y 49,98 g) respectivamente no habiendo diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos bajo estudio. Referente a la ganancia de peso la mejor fue para el tratamiento T1 con 83,55 g, seguido del tratamiento T2 con 75,54 g, continuando el tratamiento T3 con 57,71 g y por último el tratamiento T4 con 55,67 g no habiendo diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos. La mejor conversión alimenticia fue para el tratamiento T1 (0% de harina de maní forrajero), no habiendo diferencias significativas mediante la prueba de Tukey. El rendimiento a la canal de los tratamientos no mostro diferencia significativa entre los tratamiento siendo el mejor T4 con 79,08%.La mejor relación beneficio-costo se la obtuvo en el tratamiento T2 con 0.89 USD por cada dólar invertido en el crecimiento y engorde de codornices.