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1. A plant regeneration platform to apply new breeding techniques for improving disease resistance in grapevine rootstocks and cultivars

Author

Sabbadini S., Capriotti L., Limera C., Navacchi O., Tempesta G., and Mezzetti B.

Subjects
Microbiology, QR1-502, Physiology, QP1-981, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

Worldwide grapevine cultivation is based on the use of elite cultivars, in many cases strictly linked to local important wine brands. Most of Vitis viniferacultivars have high susceptibility to fungal and viral diseases therefore, new breeding techniques (e.g. Cisgenesis, RNAi and gene editing) offer the possibility to introduce new clones of the main cultivars with increased diseases resistance, in order to reduce environmental impact and improve quality in the intensive wine grape industry. This study is finalized to develop efficient in vitro regeneration and transformation protocols to extend the application of these technologies in wine grape cultivars and rootstocks. With this aim, in vitro regeneration protocols based on the production of meristematic bulks (Mezzetti et al., 2002) were optimized for different grapevine cultivars (Glera, Vermentino, Sangiovese, Thompson Seedless) and rootstocks (1103 Paulsen, and 110 Richter). The meristematic bulks were then used as explants for Agrobacteriummediated genetic transformation protocols, by comparing the use of NPTII and e-GFP as marker genes. Results confirmed the efficiency of meristematic bulks as the regenerating tissue to produce new modified plants in almost all the above genotypes. The highest regeneration efficiency in some genotypes allowed the selection of stable modified lines/calli with only the use of e-GFP marker gene. This protocol can be applied in the use of MYB marker gene for the production of cisgenic lines. Genotypes having the highest regeneration and transformation efficiency were also used for transformation experiments using a hairpin gene construct designed to silence the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RpRd) of the GFLV and GLRaV3, which would induce multiple virus resistances, and the Dicer-like protein 1 (Bc-DCL1) and Bc-DCL2 to control B. cinerea infection.

Published
2019
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15. Host-Induced Gene Silencing and Spray-Induced Gene Silencing for Crop Protection Against Viruses

Author

Ricci A., Sabbadini S., Miozzi L., Mezzetti B., and Noris E.

Subjects
fungi, food and beverages, no key words
Abstract

Since the beginning of agriculture, plant virus diseases have been a strong challenge for farming. Following its discovery at the very beginning of the '90s, the RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism has been widely studied and exploited as an integrative tool to obtain resistance to viruses in several plant species, with high target-sequence specificity. In this chapter, we describe and review the major aspects of Host-induced gene silencing (HIGS), as one of the possible plant defence methods, using genetic engineering techniques. In particular, we focus our attention on the use of RNAi-based gene constructs to introduce stable resistance in host plants against viral diseases, by triggering post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS). Recently, Spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS), consisting of the topical application of small RNA molecules (sRNAs) to plants, has been explored as an alternative tool to the stable integration of RNAi-based gene constructs in plants. SIGS has great and innovative potential for crop defence against different plant pathogens and pests and is expected to raise less public/political concerns, as it does not alter the genetic structure of the plant.

Published
2021

34. Breeding di specie ortofrutticole

Author

Cardi T, Gentile A, La Malfa S, Mezzetti B, Rotino GL, Sabbadini S, Tartarini S., Autori vari, Galbiati, Massimo, Gentile Alessandra, La Malfa Stefano, Tonelli Chiara, Cardi, T, Gentile, A, La Malfa, S, Mezzetti, B, Rotino, Gl, Sabbadini, S, and Tartarini, S.

Subjects
Cisgenesi, OGM, Genome editing, ticchiolatura, melo
Abstract

Fin dagli albori dell'agricoltura l'uomo ha operato per selezionare piante sempre più adeguate alle proprie esigenze. L'introduzione delle moderne biotecnologie in campo agricolo ha aperto nuove e inattese prospettive per il miglioramento genetico delle specie coltivate. Il volume offre una panoramica delle più recenti innovazioni biotecnologiche in agricoltura, con particolare riferimento alle attuali sfide della sostenibilità e della sicurezza alimentare. Ricercatori ed esperti del settore propongono una descrizione accurata tanto delle principali biotecnologie oggi in uso in agricoltura (breeding molecolare, trans-genesi e piante OGM), quanto dei possibili sviluppi tecnologici per l'agricoltura di domani (cis-genesi, editing del genoma).

Published
2017

38. Fighting Sharka in Peach: Current Limitations and Future Perspectives

Author

Cirilli M., Geuna F., Babini A.R., Bozhkova V., Catalano, Cavagna B., Dallot S., Decroocq V., Dondini L., Foschi S., Ilardi V., Liverani A., Mezzetti B., Minafra A., Pancaldi M., Pandolfini T., Pascal T., Savino V., Scorza R., Verde I., Bassi D., Cirilli, Marco, Geuna, Filippo, Babini, Anna R., Bozhkova, Valentina, Catalano, Luigi, Cavagna, Beniamino, Dallot, Sylvie, Decroocq, Véronique, Dondini, Luca, Foschi, Stefano, Ilardi, Vincenza, Liverani, Alessandro, Mezzetti, Bruno, Minafra, Angelantonio, Pancaldi, Marco, Pandolfini, Tiziana, Pascal, Thierry, Savino, Vito N., Scorza, Ralph, Verde, Ignazio, Bassi, Daniele, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (DISAA), University of Milan, Phytosanitary Service, Regione Emilia-Romagna, Department of Breeding, Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, State Institute of Fruit-Growing, CIVI-Italia, Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali (MIPAAF), Phynotary Service, Regione Lombardia, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, University of Bologna, Centro Ricerca Produzione Vegetale (CRPV), Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Polytechnical University of Marche, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR-IPSP), UOS Torino, Centro Attività Vivaistiche (CAV), Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona (UNIVR), Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti (DiSSPA), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Appalachian Fruit Research Station, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, The International Workshop was funded by the following Italian subjects: Apofruit, BattistiniVivai, CAV, CIVI CRPV, Europfruit, GeoplantVivai, MinguzziSpA, New Plant, Orogel Fresco, Pempacorer, University of Milan, Vitroplant, ZaniGranfrutta, ZanziFiliVivai, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca per la Patologia Vegetale, CRA-FRF Unità di Ricerca per la Frutticoltura, Università degli Studi di Verona, Unité de recherche Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes (GALF), Università degli studi di Bari, and Centro di Ricerca per la Frutticoltura

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Germplasm, genetic engineering, fruit breeding, PPV virus, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, RNAi, Genetically modified crops, Plant Science, Biology, lcsh:Plant culture, 01 natural sciences, qualité du fruit, 03 medical and health sciences, Prunus, Plant virus, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, Fruit breeding, plum pox virus, lcsh:SB1-1110, Cultivar, Plant breeding, plum pox, PPV virus, sharka, prunus persica, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, food and beverages, Agricultural sciences, Biotechnology, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious disease (medical specialty), PPV viru, RNAi, Perspective, amélioration de la qualité, génétique de la résistance, genetic engineering, fruit breeding, prunus persica (L.) Batsch, Rootstock, business, Genetic Engineering, Sciences agricoles, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Sharka, caused by Plum Pox Virus (PPV), is by far the most important infectious disease of peach [P. persica (L.) Batsch] and other Prunus species. The progressive spread of the virus in many important growing areas throughout Europe poses serious issues to the economic sustainability of stone fruit crops, peach in particular. The adoption of internationally agreed-upon rules for diagnostic tests, strain-specific monitoring schemes and spatial-temporal modeling of virus spread, are all essential for a more effective sharka containment. The EU regulations on nursery activity should be modified based on the zone delimitation of PPV presence, limiting open-field production of propagation materials only to virus-free areas. Increasing the efficiency of preventive measures should be augmented by the short-term development of resistant cultivars. Putative sources of resistance/tolerance have been recently identified in peach germplasm, although the majority of novel resistant sources to PPV-M have been found in almond. However, the complexity of introgression from related-species imposes the search for alternative strategies. The use of genetic engineering, particularly RNA interference (RNAi)-based approaches, appears as one of the most promising perspectives to introduce a durable resistance to PPV in peach germplasm, notwithstanding the well-known difficulties of in vitro plant regeneration in this species. In this regard, rootstock transformation to induce RNAi-mediated systemic resistance would avoid the transformation of numerous commercial cultivars, and may alleviate consumer resistance to the use of GM plants.

Published
2016

43. Monografia Fragola volume terzo 2015

Author

Faedi, W., Baruzzi, G., Lucchi, P., Magnani, S., Sbrighi, P., Turci, P., Ambrosio, M., Ballini, L., Baroni, G., Baudino, M., Capriolo, G., Capocasa, F., Caracciolo, G., Carli, C., Corona, G., D'Anna, F., Di Muzio, R., Frati, S., Funaro, M., Giongo, L., Giordano, R., Grotteria, M., Longo, L., Maltoni, L., Marinucci, R., Martinatti, P., Matozzo, G., Mennone, C., Mezzetti, B., Migani, M., Moncada, A., Oliva, M., Prinzivalli, C., Quinto, G., Siddu, G., Spagnolo, G.F., and Zago, M.

Subjects
Settore AGR/07 - GENETICA AGRARIA, Varietal list project, Cultivar, Progetto liste varietali, Strawberry, Fragola
Published
2015

44. Rootstock Evaluation for European and Japanese Plums in Italy

Author

Francesco Sottile, Del Signore, Mb, Massai, R., Capocasa, F., Mezzetti, B., Sottile, F, Del Signore, MB, Massai, R, Capocasa, F, and Mezzetti, B

Subjects
Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree, rootstocks, plums, vigour, yield, nutraceutics
Abstract

The continuous update coming from fruit trees genetic improving projects determines constant innovations in terms of cultivars and rootstocks availability. In Italy, since 1995, the National Government has developed a research activity spread over the entire National territory. The project, which involves several Research Units, is related to all major fruit tree species and also plum regarding new Japanese and European cultivars as well as new rootstocks. The evaluation is performed by using the same experimental protocol, focusing on the vegetative and reproductive traits as well as on all aspects related to fruit quality. This paper shows data collected since the planting in 1995 from few Research Units. Promising results have been provided by the ‘GF 677’ both in terms of yield and vigour as well as from ‘Penta’ and ‘Tetra’, the first with lower vigor and qualitative fruit traits. Although many differences are evidenced between the different locations, this Project annually allows to constantly update the results and to make a list of the recommended and promising rootstocks but also of those genotypes that showed a not good adaptation for the plum cultivation

Published
2012

45. Variability of Apricot Cultivar traits inside the 'List of recommended fruits varieties' project

Author

Massai, R., Berra, L., Pellegrino, S., Carli, C., Missere, D., Pirazzini, P., Foschi, R., Bassi, D., Rizzo, M., Lugli, S., Foschi, S., Mezzetti, B., Capocasa, F., Murri, G., Borraccini, G., Silvestri, Q., Iacona, C., Viti, R., Conte, L., Sartori, A., Terlizzi, M., Godini, A., Palasciano, M., Ferrara, G., Camposeo, S., Logoluso, V., Pennone, F., Carbone, A., Scarpato, L., Mennone, C., Silletti, A., Troiano, M., Zicca, F., Valentino, A., Francesco Sottile, Girgenti, V., Massai, R, Berra, L, Pellegrino, S, Carli, C, Missere, D, Pirazzini, P, Foschi, R, Bassi, D, Rizzo, M, Lugli, S, Foschi, S, Mezzetti, B, Capocasa, F, Murri, G, Borraccini, G, Silvestri, Q, Iacona, C, Viti, R, Conte, L, Sartori, A, Terlizzi, M, Godini, A, Palasciano, M, Ferrara, G, Camposeo, S, Logoluso, V, Pennone, F, Carbone, A, Scarpato, L, Mennone, C, Silletti, A, Troiano, M, Zicca, F, Valentino, A, Sottile, F, and Girgenti, V

Subjects
Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree, Albicocco, cultivar
Published
2010

46. I portinnesti del susino

Author

Capocasa, F., Massai, R., Francesco Sottile, Mezzetti, B., Capocasa, F, Massai, R, Sottile, F, and Mezzetti, B

Subjects
Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree, frutticoltura, susino, portinnesti
Published
2010

47. Plum Production in Italy: State of Art and Perspectives

Author

Francesco Sottile, Peano, C., Mezzetti, B., Capocasa, F., Bellini, E., Nencetti, V., Palara, U., Pirazzini, P., Mennone, C., Catalano, L., Sottile, F, Peano, C, Mezzetti, B, Capocasa, F, Bellini, E, Nencetti, V, Palara, U, Pirazzini, P, Mennone, C, and Catalano, L

Subjects
Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboree, produzione, susino, tecnica colturale
Published
2010

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