2,083 results on '"Miao, Xu"'
Search Results
2. A cocktail nanovaccine targeting key entry glycoproteins elicits high neutralizing antibody levels against EBV infection
- Author
-
Ling Zhong, Wanlin Zhang, Hong Liu, Xinyu Zhang, Zeyu Yang, Zhenfu Wen, Ling Chen, Haolin Chen, Yanran Luo, Yanhong Chen, Qisheng Feng, Mu-Sheng Zeng, Qinjian Zhao, Lixin Liu, Claude Krummenacher, Yi-Xin Zeng, Yongming Chen, Miao Xu, and Xiao Zhang
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Abstract Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects more than 95% of adults worldwide and is closely associated with various malignancies. Considering the complex life cycle of EBV, developing vaccines targeting key entry glycoproteins to elicit robust and durable adaptive immune responses may provide better protection. EBV gHgL-, gB- and gp42-specific antibodies in healthy EBV carriers contributed to sera neutralizing abilities in vitro, indicating that they are potential antigen candidates. To enhance the immunogenicity of these antigens, we formulate three nanovaccines by co-delivering molecular adjuvants (CpG and MPLA) and antigens (gHgL, gB or gp42). These nanovaccines induce robust humoral and cellular responses through efficient activation of dendritic cells and germinal center response. Importantly, these nanovaccines generate high levels of neutralizing antibodies recognizing vulnerable sites of all three antigens. IgGs induced by a cocktail vaccine containing three nanovaccines confer superior protection from lethal EBV challenge in female humanized mice compared to IgG elicited by individual NP-gHgL, NP-gB and NP-gp42. Importantly, serum antibodies elicited by cocktail nanovaccine immunization confer durable protection against EBV-associated lymphoma. Overall, the cocktail nanovaccine shows robust immunogenicity and is a promising candidate for further clinical trials.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Emergent normal fluid in the superconducting ground state of overdoped cuprates
- Author
-
Shusen Ye, Miao Xu, Hongtao Yan, Zi-Xiang Li, Changwei Zou, Xintong Li, Zhenqi Hao, Chaohui Yin, Yiwen Chen, Xingjiang Zhou, Dung-Hai Lee, and Yayu Wang
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Abstract The microscopic mechanism for the disappearance of superconductivity in overdoped cuprates is still under heated debate. Here we use scanning tunneling spectroscopy to investigate the evolution of quasiparticle interference phenomenon in Bi2Sr2CuO6+δ over a wide range of hole densities. We find that when the system enters the overdoped regime, a peculiar quasiparticle interference wavevector with arc-like pattern starts to emerge even at zero bias, and its intensity grows with increasing doping level. Its energy dispersion is incompatible with the octet model for d-wave superconductivity, but is highly consistent with the scattering interference of gapless normal carriers. The gapless quasiparticles are mainly located near the antinodes and are independent of temperature, consistent with the disorder scattering mechanism. We propose that a branch of normal fluid emerges from the pair-breaking scattering between flat antinodal bands in the quantum ground state, which is the primary cause for the reduction of superfluid density and suppression of superconductivity in overdoped cuprates.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. An ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine in thalamic nucleus reuniens undermines fear extinction via intermediation of hippocamposeptal circuits
- Author
-
Hoiyin Cheung, Tong-Zhou Yu, Xin Yi, Yan-Jiao Wu, Qi Wang, Xue Gu, Miao Xu, Meihua Cai, Wen Wen, Xin-Ni Li, Ying-Xiao Liu, Ying Sun, Jijian Zheng, Tian-Le Xu, Yan Luo, Ma-Zhong Zhang, and Wei-Guang Li
- Subjects
Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract Benzodiazepines, commonly used for anxiolytics, hinder conditioned fear extinction, and the underlying circuit mechanisms are unclear. Utilizing remimazolam, an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine, here we reveal its impact on the thalamic nucleus reuniens (RE) and interconnected hippocamposeptal circuits during fear extinction. Systemic or RE-specific administration of remimazolam impedes fear extinction by reducing RE activation through A type GABA receptors. Remimazolam enhances long-range GABAergic inhibition from lateral septum (LS) to RE, underlying the compromised fear extinction. RE projects to ventral hippocampus (vHPC), which in turn sends projections characterized by feed-forward inhibition to the GABAergic neurons of the LS. This is coupled with long-range GABAergic projections from the LS to RE, collectively constituting an overall positive feedback circuit construct that promotes fear extinction. RE-specific remimazolam negates the facilitation of fear extinction by disrupting this circuit. Thus, remimazolam in RE disrupts fear extinction caused by hippocamposeptal intermediation, offering mechanistic insights for the dilemma of combining anxiolytics with extinction-based exposure therapy.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. CaMU: Disentangling Causal Effects in Deep Model Unlearning.
- Author
-
Shaofei Shen 0001, Chenhao Zhang 0004, Alina Bialkowski, Weitong Chen 0001, and Miao Xu
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Inspecting Prediction Confidence for Detecting Black-Box Backdoor Attacks.
- Author
-
Tong Wang, Yuan Yao 0001, Feng Xu 0007, Miao Xu, Shengwei An, and Ting Wang 0006
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Multifunctional Integrated Organic–Inorganic-Metal Hybrid Aerogel for Excellent Thermal Insulation and Electromagnetic Shielding Performance
- Author
-
Zhaoqi Niu, Fengjin Qu, Fang Chen, Xiaoyan Ma, Beixi Chen, Luyao Wang, Miao Xu, Shumeng Wang, Liang Jin, Chengshuang Zhang, and Xiao Hou
- Subjects
Multi-hybrid aerogel ,Metal–phenolic coordination ,Thermal insulation ,EMI shielding ,Convertibility and multifunctionality ,Technology - Abstract
Highlights The homogeneous hybridization of organic–inorganic-metal elements in 3D aerogel was achieved by an expeditious method. The aerogel tightly integrates excellent thermal insulation (49.6 mW m−1 K−1), ablative resistance, mechanical strength, and superhydrophobic properties. The ablated carbon aerogel combines notable electromagnetic interference shielding properties (31.6 dB) and load-carrying properties (272.8 kN·m kg−1).
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Lifestyle intervention in children with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial in Ningbo city (the SCIENT study)
- Author
-
Ping-ping Zhang, You-xin Wang, Fang-jing Shen, Yun-fei Xing, Jia-ying Gu, Xue-ying Li, Han Jin, Shi-feng Jin, Miao Xu, Hai-jun Wang, Hui Wang, and Li Li
- Subjects
Children ,Obesity ,NAFLD ,Lifestyle intervention ,M-Health ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity has become an urgent public health problem, evidence showed that intervention for childhood obesity bring enormous health benefits. However, an effective individualized intervention strategy remains to be developed, and the accompanying remission of related complications, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), needs to be assessed. This study aimed to develop an m-Health-assisted lifestyle intervention program targeting overweight/obese children and assess its effectiveness on indicators of adiposity and NAFLD. Methods This is a cluster-randomized controlled trial that conducted in children with overweight/obesity in Ningbo city, Zhejiang Province, China. Students in Grade 3 (8–10 years old) were recruited from six primary schools, with three be randomized to intervention group and three to usual practice group. The intervention program will last for one academic year and consists of health education, dietary guidance, and physical activity reinforcement. This program is characterized by encouraging four stakeholders, including School, Clinic, famIly, and studENT (SCIENT), to participate in controlling childhood obesity, assisted by m-Health technology. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and 3 months, 9 months, 24 months, and 36 months after baseline. The primary outcome will be the differences between the two groups in students’ body mass index and fatty liver index at the end of the intervention (9 months after baseline). During the implementation process, quality control methods will be adopted. Discussion The program will test the effectiveness of the m-Health-assisted lifestyle intervention on children with obesity and NAFLD. The results of this study will provide evidence for establishing effective lifestyle intervention strategy aimed at childhood obesity and NAFLD and may help develop guidelines for the treatment of obesity and NAFLD in Chinese children. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05482191. Registered on July 2022.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Case report: A therapeutic attempt to treat Morbihan disease with Baricitinib
- Author
-
Luying Chen, Yanjuan Duan, Liang Zhao, Miao Xu, Yeqiang Liu, and Xiaoxiang Zhai
- Subjects
Case report ,Morbihan disease ,JAK inhibitor ,Baricitinib ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
A woman in her thirties who had been diagnosed with Morbihan disease did not notice a significant improvement in her condition after receiving years of treatment. Our decision to use Baricitinib helped her to achieve a better outcome. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use Baricitinib in Morbihan disease, although JAK inhibitors have already been successfully used before. It is hoped that our case report will provide new treatment options for Morbihan disease therapy.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Establish a noninvasive model to screen metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in children aged 6–14 years in China and its applications in high-obesity-risk countries and regionsResearch in context
- Author
-
Yunfei Liu, Youxin Wang, Yunfei Xing, Maike Wolters, Di Shi, Pingping Zhang, Jiajia Dang, Ziyue Chen, Shan Cai, Yaqi Wang, Jieyu Liu, Xinxin Wang, Haoyu Zhou, Miao Xu, Lipo Guo, Yuanyuan Li, Jieyun Song, Jing Li, Yanhui Dong, Yanchun Cui, Peijin Hu, Antje Hebestreit, Hai-Jun Wang, Li Li, Jun Ma, Yee Hui Yeo, Hui Wang, and Yi Song
- Subjects
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease ,Pediatrics ,Waist-to-height ratio ,Screening recommendation categories ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Summary: Background: The prevalence of metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is rising precipitously among children, particularly in regions or countries burdened with high prevalence of obesity. However, identifying those at high risk remains a significant challenge, as the majority do not exhibit distinct symptoms of MASLD. There is an urgent need for a widely accepted non-invasive predictor to facilitate early disease diagnosis and management of the disease. Our study aims to 1) evaluate and compare existing predictors of MASLD, and 2) develop a practical screening strategy for children, tailored to local prevalence of obesity. Methods: We utilized a school-based cross-sectional survey in Beijing as the training dataset to establish predictive models for screening MASLD in children. An independent school-based study in Ningbo was used to validate the models. We selected the optimal non-invasive MASLD predictor by comparing logistic regression model, random forest model, decision tree model, and support vector machine model using both the Beijing and Ningbo datasets. This was followed by serial testing using the best performance index we identified and indices from previous studies. Finally, we calculated the potential MASLD screening recommendation categories and corresponding profits based on national and subnational obesity prevalence, and applied those three categories to 200 countries according to their obesity prevalence from 1990 to 2022. Findings: A total of 1018 children were included (NBeijing = 596, NNingbo = 422). The logistic regression model demonstrated the best performance, identifying the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR, cutoff value ≥0.48) as the optimal noninvasive index for predicting MASLD, with strong performance in both training and validation set. Additionally, the combination of WHtR and lipid accumulation product (LAP) was selected as an optimal serial test to improve the positive predictive value, with a LAP cutoff value of ≥668.22 cm × mg/dL. Based on the obesity prevalence among 30 provinces, three MASLD screening recommendations were proposed: 1) “Population-screening-recommended”: For regions with an obesity prevalence ≥12.0%, where MASLD prevalence ranged from 5.0% to 21.5%; 2) “Resources-permitted”: For regions with an obesity prevalence between 8.4% and 12.0%, where MASLD prevalence ranged from 2.3% to 4.4%; 3) “Population-screening-not-recommended”: For regions with an obesity prevalence
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Macrophage polarization as a novel endpoint for assessing combined risk of phthalate esters
- Author
-
Xiaohong Wang, Miao Xu, Miaoying Shi, Yaru Tian, Yuan Zhi, Xiaomin Han, Haixia Sui, Yi Wan, Xudong Jia, and Hui Yang
- Subjects
Combined toxicity ,Macrophage polarization ,PPAR signaling ,Hepatotoxicity ,Benchmark dose ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Combined exposure to phthalate esters (PAEs) has garnered increasing attention due to potential synergistic effects on human health. This study aimed to develop an in vitro model using human macrophages to evaluate the combined toxicity of PAEs and explore the underlying mechanisms. A high-throughput screening system was engineered by expressing a PPRE-eGFP reporter in THP-1 monocytes to monitor macrophage polarization upon PAEs exposure. Individual PAEs exhibited varied inhibitory effects on M2 macrophage polarization, with mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) being the most potent. Isobologram analysis revealed additive interactions when MEHP was combined with other PAEs, resulting in more pronounced suppression of M2 markers compared to individual compounds. Mechanistic studies suggested PAEs may exert effects by modulating PPARγ activity to inhibit M2 polarization. Notably, an equimolar mixture of six PAEs showed additive inhibition of M2 markers. In vivo experiments corroborated the combined hepatotoxic effects, with mice exposed to a PAEs mixture exhibiting reduced liver weight, dyslipidemia, and decreased hepatic M2 macrophages compared to DEHP alone. Transcriptome analysis highlighted disruptions in PPAR signaling, and distinct pathway alterations on cholesterol metabolism in the mixture group. Collectively, these findings underscore the importance of evaluating mixture effects and provide a novel approach for hazard assessment of combined PAEs exposure with implications for environmental health risk assessment.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Generation of an Alagille Syndrome (ALGS) patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell line (TRNDi036-A) carrying a heterozygous mutation (p.Cys693*) in the JAG1 gene
- Author
-
Omer Hatim, Miao Xu, Ivan Pavlinov, Kaari Linask, Jeanette Beers, Jizhong Zou, Chengyu Liu, Steven Rodems, Karsten Baumgärtel, Melissa A. Gilbert, Nancy B. Spinner, Catherine Chen, and Wei Zheng
- Subjects
Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is an autosomal dominant, multisystemic disorder due to haploinsufficiency in JAG1 or less frequently, mutations in NOTCH2. The disease has been difficult to diagnose and treat due to variable expression. The generation of this iPSC line (TRNDi036-A) carrying a heterozygous mutation (p.Cys693*) in the JAG1 gene provides a means of studying the disease and developing novel therapeutics towards patient treatment.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. A 65-dB SNDR Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma ADC Integrated by IZO Thin-Film Transistors.
- Author
-
Wen-Xing Xu, Jun-Rong Chen, Fei-Fan Li, Lei Zhou, Xiao-Qin Wei, Miao Xu, Lei Wang, Wei-Jing Wu, Yu-Rong Liu, and Jun-Biao Peng
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Lane-Changing Tracking Control of Automated Vehicle Platoon Based on MA-DDPG and Adaptive MPC.
- Author
-
Jintao Wan, Hongfei Liu, Miao Xu, Xiao Yang, Yuxin Guo, and Xiyao Wang
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Cooperative Merging Control Based on Reinforcement Learning With Dynamic Waypoint.
- Author
-
Xiao Yang, Hongfei Liu, Miao Xu, and Jintao Wan
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. On the Robustness of Average Losses for Partial-Label Learning.
- Author
-
Jiaqi Lv, Biao Liu, Lei Feng 0006, Ning Xu 0009, Miao Xu, Bo An 0001, Gang Niu 0001, Xin Geng 0001, and Masashi Sugiyama
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. SPOCK2 modulates neuropathic pain by interacting with MT1-MMP to regulate astrocytic MMP-2 activation in rats with chronic constriction injury
- Author
-
Chenglong Wang, Yitong Xu, Miao Xu, Cong Sun, Xiaojiao Zhang, Xueshu Tao, and Tao Song
- Subjects
SPOCK2 ,Neuropathic pain ,Astrocyte ,CCI ,MMP-2 ,MT1-MMP ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Background Neuropathic pain (NP) is a kind of intractable pain. The pathogenesis of NP remains a complicated issue for pain management practitioners. SPARC/osteonectin, CWCV, and Kazal-like domains proteoglycan 2 (SPOCK2) are members of the SPOCK family that play a significant role in the development of the central nervous system. In this study, we investigated the role of SPOCK2 in the development of NP in a rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI). Methods Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly grouped to establish CCI models. We examined the effects of SPOCK2 on pain hpersensitivity and spinal astrocyte activation after CCI-induced NP. Paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were used to reflects the pain behavioral degree. Molecular mechanisms involved in SPOCK2-mediated NP in vivo were examined by western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and co-immunoprecipitation. In addition, we examined the SPOCK2-mediated potential protein–protein interaction (PPI) in vitro coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments. Results We founded the expression level of SPOCK2 in rat spinal cord was markedly increased after CCI-induced NP, while SPOCK2 downregulation could partially relieve pain caused by CCI. Our research showed that SPOCK2 expressed significantly increase in spinal astrocytes when CCI-induced NP. In addition, SPOCK2 could act as an upstream signaling molecule to regulate the activation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), thus affecting astrocytic ERK1/2 activation and interleukin (IL)-1β production in the development of NP. Moreover, in vitro coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments showed that SPOCK2 could interact with membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP/MMP14) to regulate MMP-2 activation by the SPARC extracellular (SPARC_EC) domain. Conclusions Research shows that SPOCK2 can interact with MT1-MMP to regulate MMP-2 activation, thus affecting astrocytic ERK1/2 activation and IL-1β production to achieve positive promotion of NP.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Research progress on substitution of in vivo method(s) by in vitro method(s) for human vaccine potency assays
- Author
-
Xuanxuan Zhang, Xing Wu, Qian He, Junzhi Wang, Qunying Mao, Zhenglun Liang, and Miao Xu
- Subjects
human vaccines ,potency ,in vivo potency ,in vitro potency ,method substitution ,3rs ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 - Abstract
Introduction Potency is a critical quality attribute for controlling quality consistency and relevant biological properties of vaccines. Owing to the high demand for animals, lengthy operations and high variability of in vivo methods, in vitro alternatives for human vaccine potency assays are extensively developed. Areas covered Herein, in vivo and in vitro methods for potency assays of previously licensed human vaccines were sorted, followed by a brief description of the background for substituting in vivo methods with in vitro alternatives. Based on the analysis of current research on the substitution of vaccine potency assays, barriers and suggestions for substituting were proposed. Expert opinion Owing to the variability of in vivo methods, the correlation between in vivo and in vitro methods may be low. One or more in vitro method(s) that determine the vaccine antigen content and functions, should be established. Since the substitution involves with the change of critical quality attributes and specifications, the specifications of in vitro methods should be appropriately set to maintain the efficacy of vaccines. For novel vaccines in research and development, in vitro methods for monitoring the consistency and relevant biological properties, should be established based on reflecting the immunogenicity of vaccines.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Cardiorespiratory fitness attenuates the association between fatness and cardiometabolic risk in Chinese children
- Author
-
Ping-Ping Zhang, You-Xin Wang, Jia-Yin Gu, Miao Xu, Ye Zhou, Hai-Jun Wang, Patrick W C. Lau, Hui Wang, and Li Li
- Subjects
obesity ,metabolism ,fitness ,children ,mediator ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
BackgroundChildhood obesity tends to persist into adulthood, predisposing individuals to cardiometabolic risk (CMR). This study aims to investigate the mediating role of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in the associations between multiple fatness indicators and individual CMR markers and clustered CMR-score, and explore sex differences.MethodsWe recruited 1,557 children (age: 8 to 10, male/female: 52.7%/47.3%) in September 2022 in Ningbo, China. Physical examinations, overnight fasting blood test, and CRF was evaluated. The CMR-score was calculated by summing age- and sex-specific z scores of four CMR markers, including mean arterial blood pressure, triglycerides, the total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance. Generalized linear mixed models were used to identify the associations, mediation analyses were performed to dissect the function of CRF.ResultsPartial correlation analyses revealed positive associations between high fatness indicators (including body mass index [BMI], BMI z score, body fat mass index [BFMI] and waist-to-height ratio [WHtR]) and increased CMR markers, whereas high CRF was associated with decreased CMR markers (all P < 0.05). In the mediation analyses, CRF emerged as a partial mediator, attenuating the relationship between four fatness indicators and CMR-score. Specifically, CRF mediated 6.5%, 7.7%, 5.3%, and 12.5% of the association between BMI, BMI z score, BFMI, WHtR and CMR-score (all P < 0.001). And the mediating effects of CRF between WHtR and four individual CMR markers was particularly robust, ranging from 10.4% to 21.1% (all P < 0.05). What’s more, CRF mediates the associations between WHtR and CMR-score more pronounced in girls than boys with a mediation effect size of 17.3% (P < 0.001).ConclusionIn Chinese children, CRF partially mitigates the adverse effects of fatness on CMR, underscoring the significance of enhancing CRF in children.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Identification of positively selected genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis from southern Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region of China
- Author
-
Lele Deng, Quan Wang, Haican Liu, Yi Jiang, Miao Xu, Yu Xiang, Ting Yang, Shuliu Yang, Di Yan, Machao Li, Lili Zhao, Xiuqin Zhao, Kanglin Wan, Guangxue He, Xiaokaiti Mijiti, and Guilian Li
- Subjects
tuberculosis ,Mycobacterium tuberculosis ,whole genome sequencing (WGS) ,positive selection ,China ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
BackgroundTuberculosis (TB), mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a serious public health problem. Increasing evidence supports that selective evolution is an important force affecting genomic determinants of Mtb phenotypes. It is necessary to further understand the Mtb selective evolution and identify the positively selected genes that probably drive the phenotype of Mtb.MethodsThis study mainly focused on the positive selection of 807 Mtb strains from Southern Xinjiang of China using whole genome sequencing (WGS). PAML software was used for identifying the genes and sites under positive selection in 807 Mtb strains.ResultsLineage 2 (62.70%) strains were the dominant strains in this area, followed by lineage 3 (19.45%) and lineage 4 (17.84%) strains. There were 239 codons in 47 genes under positive selection, and the genes were majorly associated with the functions of transcription, defense mechanisms, and cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis. There were 28 codons (43 mutations) in eight genes (gyrA, rpoB, rpoC, katG, pncA, embB, gid, and cut1) under positive selection in multi-drug resistance (MDR) strains but not in drug-susceptible (DS) strains, in which 27 mutations were drug-resistant loci, 9 mutations were non-drug-resistant loci but were in drug-resistant genes, 2 mutations were compensatory mutations, and 5 mutations were in unknown drug-resistant gene of cut1. There was a codon in Rv0336 under positive selection in L3 strains but not in L2 and L4 strains. The epitopes of T and B cells were both hyper-conserved, particularly in the T-cell epitopes.ConclusionThis study revealed the ongoing selective evolution of Mtb. We found some special genes and sites under positive selection which may contribute to the advantage of MDR and L3 strains. It is necessary to further study these mutations to understand their impact on phenotypes for providing more useful information to develop new TB interventions.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Prediction of compressive strength of glass powder concrete based on artificial intelligence
- Author
-
Miao, Xu, Chen, Bingcheng, and Zhao, Yuxi
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Temperature field simulation and optimization of processing parameters for laser-assisted machining of 3Y-TZP ceramics
- Author
-
Miao, Xu, Zhang, Haiyun, Zhao, Yugang, Zhang, Zengbo, Zhang, Jinjian, Gao, Yuewu, and Lin, Weisheng
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Quantitative image analysis on the filling proportion of corrosion products in reinforced concrete using X-ray computed tomography
- Author
-
Wang, Yuzhou, Miao, Xu, Zhao, Yuxi, Peng, Ligang, Xu, Dandan, and Mao, Jianghong
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Expression analysis and biological regulation of silencing regulatory protein 6 (SIRT6) in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
- Author
-
Chen, Sai, Chen, Hongxia, Wang, Xu, Zhang, Dongmei, Zhang, Li, Cheng, Jiawei, Zhang, Qi, Hua, Zhixiang, Miao, Xu, and Shi, Jian
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Catalytic hydroconversion of extraction portion from coal tar residue to clean liquid fuel over a Ni based ZSM-5/PC derived from coal gasification fine slag
- Author
-
Wang, Ai-Min, Wei, Xian-Yong, Bai, Ni, Yin, Jia-Hui, Liu, Guang-Hui, Qi, Yong-Chao, Miao, Xu-Jian, Gao, Yong, Shi, Wen-Ao, Jiang, Zhong-Hao, Kang, Yu-Hong, Li, Yan-Jun, Bai, Jing-Jun, and Zong, Zhi-Min
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Multiple reaction pathway on alkaline earth imide supported catalysts for efficient ammonia synthesis
- Author
-
Zichuang Li, Yangfan Lu, Jiang Li, Miao Xu, Yanpeng Qi, Sang-Won Park, Masaaki Kitano, Hideo Hosono, Jie-Sheng Chen, and Tian-Nan Ye
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Abstract The tunability of reaction pathways is required for exploring efficient and low cost catalysts for ammonia synthesis. There is an obstacle by the limitations arising from scaling relation for this purpose. Here, we demonstrate that the alkali earth imides (AeNH) combined with transition metal (TM = Fe, Co and Ni) catalysts can overcome this difficulty by utilizing functionalities arising from concerted role of active defects on the support surface and loaded transition metals. These catalysts enable ammonia production through multiple reaction pathways. The reaction rate of Co/SrNH is as high as 1686.7 mmol·gCo −1·h−1 and the TOFs reaches above 500 h−1 at 400 °C and 0.9 MPa, outperforming other reported Co-based catalysts as well as the benchmark Cs-Ru/MgO catalyst and industrial wüstite-based Fe catalyst under the same reaction conditions. Experimental and theoretical results show that the synergistic effect of nitrogen affinity of 3d TMs and in-situ formed NH2− vacancy of alkali earth imides regulate the reaction pathways of the ammonia production, resulting in distinct catalytic performance different from 3d TMs. It was thus demonstrated that the appropriate combination of metal and support is essential for controlling the reaction pathway and realizing highly active and low cost catalysts for ammonia synthesis.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. The serum lipid profiles in immune thrombocytopenia: Mendelian randomization analysis and a retrospective study
- Author
-
Pengcheng Xu, Shouqing Han, Ming Hou, Yajing Zhao, and Miao Xu
- Subjects
Lipids ,Platelets indices ,Hemorrhage ,Thrombocytopenia ,Mendelian randomization ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Abstract Background Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune hemorrhagic disease characterized by increased platelet destruction and impaired thrombopoiesis. The changes in platelet indices depend on the morphology and volume of platelets. Serum lipids have been found to affect platelet formation and activity in certain diseases, thus inducing the corresponding variation of platelet indices. Methods Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed based on databases. The clinical data from 457 ITP patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed, including platelet indices, serum lipids, hemorrhages and therapeutic responses. Results MR analysis showed low high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low apolipoprotein A-1, high triglyceride (TG) and high apolipoprotein B (ApoB) caused high platelet distribution width (PDW); high low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) increased mean platelet volume (MPV). In ITP, there were positive correlations between platelet count with TG, PDW with HDL-C and ApoB, and plateletcrit with TG and non-esterified fatty acid, and the correlation had gender differences. Bleeding scores were negatively correlated with cholesterol and LDL-C. LDL-C and homocysteine were risk factors for therapeutic responses. Conclusions Serum lipids, especially cholesterol were tightly correlated with platelet indices, hemorrhage and therapeutic effects in ITP patients. These results provide clinical references for the management of serum lipids, and highlight the necessity to further explore the relationship between lipids and pathogenesis of ITP. Trial registration No: NCT05095896, October 14, 2021, retrospectively registered.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Host heparan sulfate promotes ACE2 super-cluster assembly and enhances SARS-CoV-2-associated syncytium formation
- Author
-
Qi Zhang, Weichun Tang, Eduardo Stancanelli, Eunkyung Jung, Zulfeqhar Syed, Vijayakanth Pagadala, Layla Saidi, Catherine Z. Chen, Peng Gao, Miao Xu, Ivan Pavlinov, Bing Li, Wenwei Huang, Liqiang Chen, Jian Liu, Hang Xie, Wei Zheng, and Yihong Ye
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection causes spike-dependent fusion of infected cells with ACE2 positive neighboring cells, generating multi-nuclear syncytia that are often associated with severe COVID. To better elucidate the mechanism of spike-induced syncytium formation, we combine chemical genetics with 4D confocal imaging to establish the cell surface heparan sulfate (HS) as a critical stimulator for spike-induced cell-cell fusion. We show that HS binds spike and promotes spike-induced ACE2 clustering, forming synapse-like cell-cell contacts that facilitate fusion pore formation between ACE2-expresing and spike-transfected human cells. Chemical or genetic inhibition of HS mitigates ACE2 clustering, and thus, syncytium formation, whereas in a cell-free system comprising purified HS and lipid-anchored ACE2, HS stimulates ACE2 clustering directly in the presence of spike. Furthermore, HS-stimulated syncytium formation and receptor clustering require a conserved ACE2 linker distal from the spike-binding site. Importantly, the cell fusion-boosting function of HS can be targeted by an investigational HS-binding drug, which reduces syncytium formation in vitro and viral infection in mice. Thus, HS, as a host factor exploited by SARS-CoV-2 to facilitate receptor clustering and a stimulator of infection-associated syncytium formation, may be a promising therapeutic target for severe COVID.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Enhanced Immune Responses in Mice by Combining the Mpox Virus B6R-Protein and Aluminum Hydroxide-CpG Vaccine Adjuvants
- Author
-
Junli Li, Xiaochi Li, Jiaxin Dong, Jiazheng Wei, Xiaonan Guo, Guozhi Wang, Miao Xu, and Aihua Zhao
- Subjects
mpox virus ,recombinant protein ,adjuvant system ,compound adjuvant ,adjuvanted vaccine ,Medicine - Abstract
Novel adjuvants and innovative combinations of adjuvants (Adjuvant Systems) have facilitated the development of enhanced and new vaccines against re-emerging and challenging pathogenic microorganisms. Nonetheless, the efficacy of adjuvants is influenced by various factors, and the same adjuvant may generate entirely different immune responses when paired with different antigens. Herein, we combined the MPXV-B6R antigen with BC02, a novel adjuvant with proprietary technology, to assess its capability to induce both cellular and humoral immunity in mouse models. Mice received two intramuscular injections of B6R-BC02, which resulted in the production of MPXV-specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a antibodies. Additionally, it elicited strong MPXV-specific Th1-oriented cellular immunity and persistent effector memory B-cell responses. The advantages of BC02 were further validated, including rapid initiation of the immune response, robust recall memory, and sustained immune response induction. Although the potential of immunized mice to produce serum-neutralizing antibodies against the vaccinia virus requires further improvement, the exceptional performance of BC02 as an adjuvant for the MPXV-B6R antigen has been consistently demonstrated.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Study on the Characterization and Degradation Pattern of Circular RNA Vaccines Using an HPLC Method
- Author
-
Feiran Cheng, Ji Li, Chaoying Hu, Yu Bai, Jianyang Liu, Dong Liu, Qian He, Qiuheng Jin, Qunying Mao, Zhenglun Liang, and Miao Xu
- Subjects
circular RNAs ,RNA vaccines ,purity ,degradation pattern ,RP-HPLC ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) vaccines have attracted increasing attention due to their stable closed-loop structures and persistent protein expression ability. During the synthesis process, nicked circRNAs with similar molecular weights to those of circRNAs are generated. Analytical techniques based on differences in molecular weight, such as capillary electrophoresis, struggle to distinguish between circRNAs and nicked circRNAs. The characteristic degradation products of circRNAs and their biological activities remain unclear. Therefore, developing methods to identify target circRNAs and non-target components and investigating degradation patterns will be beneficial to gaining an in-depth understanding of the properties and quality control of circRNAs vaccines. The reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) method was established for identification of target circRNAs, product-related substances, and impurities. Subsequently, we investigated the degradation patterns of circRNAs under thermal acceleration conditions and performed biological analysis of degradation products and linear precursors. Here, RP-HPLC method effectively identified circRNAs and nicked circRNAs. With thermal acceleration, circRNAs exhibited a “circular→nicked circRNAs→degradation products” degradation pattern. Biological analysis revealed that the immunogenicity of degradation products significantly decreased, whereas linear precursors did not possess immunogenicity. Thus, our established RP-HPLC method can be used for purity analysis of circRNA vaccines, which contributes to the quality control of circRNA vaccines and promoting the development of circRNA technology.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. MEBS: Multi-task End-to-end Bid Shading for Multi-slot Display Advertising.
- Author
-
Zhen Gong, Lvyin Niu, Yang Zhao, Miao Xu, Zhenzhe Zheng, Haoqi Zhang, Zhilin Zhang 0003, Fan Wu 0006, Rongquan Bai, Chuan Yu, Jian Xu 0015, and Bo Zheng 0007
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. GENIU: A Restricted Data Access Unlearning for Imbalanced Data.
- Author
-
Chenhao Zhang 0004, Shaofei Shen 0001, Yawen Zhao 0002, Tony Weitong Chen, and Miao Xu
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Label-Agnostic Forgetting: A Supervision-Free Unlearning in Deep Models.
- Author
-
Shaofei Shen 0001, Chenhao Zhang 0004, Yawen Zhao 0002, Alina Bialkowski, Tony Weitong Chen, and Miao Xu
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Neuroprotective effects of a novel peptide through the Rho-integrin-Tie2 and PI3K/Akt pathways in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model
- Author
-
Wen Zhou, Han Qu, Xiao-Xiao Fu, Miao-Miao Xu, Qiang Li, Yuan Jiang, and Shu Han
- Subjects
C16 ,EAE ,Tie2 ,integrin ,PI3K/Akt pathways ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Purpose: The interaction between inflammatory cells and integrin in the endothelium plays a key role during infiltration. Previous evidence has shown that synthetic C16 peptide selectively binds to integrins αvβ3 and α5β1 and exhibits a neuroprotective effect. It has also been reported to inhibit the differentiation of microglia into the M1 (pro-inflammatory) phenotype while promoting its differentiation to the M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotype. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of action of the C16 peptide in multiple sclerosis using a rodent model.Methods: Molecular, morphological, and neurophysiological assays were used to investigate the neuroprotective effects of C16 peptide and related signaling pathways in a model of EAE.Results: The results showed that C16 significantly improved the clinical score and cortical somatosensory/motor evoked potential. It also alleviated inflammatory responses, including microglial activation and leukocyte infiltration, relieved the impairment of the brain blood barrier and edema, and reduced neuronal apoptosis, axonal loss, and demyelination induced by EAE. The C16 peptide increased the expressions of pTie-2 and Tie-2, integrin αvβ3, and α5β1 and activated the PI3K/Akt signal pathway but decreased the expression of Rho. Co-treatment of C16 with Tie-2 inhibitor and PI3K inhibitor LY294002 attenuated these effects of C16.Conclusion: The C16 peptide demonstrated neuroprotection in the EAE model through the integrin, Tie-2, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, and it could be a potential strategy for treating inflammation-related diseases in the central nervous system.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Unveiling the role of KRAS in tumor immune microenvironment
- Author
-
Miao Xu, Xing Zhao, Ti Wen, and Xiujuan Qu
- Subjects
KRAS ,KRAS inhibitor ,Co-mutation ,Immunotherapy ,Resistance ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Kirsten rats sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS), the first discovered human oncogene, has long been recognized as “undruggable”. KRAS mutations frequently occur in multiple human cancers including non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC), colorectal cancer(CRC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC), functioning as a “molecule switch” determining the activation of various oncogenic signaling pathways. Except for its intrinsic pro-tumorigenic role, KRAS alteration also exhibits an unique immune signature characterized by elevated PD-L1 level and high tumor mutational burden(TMB). KRAS mutation shape an immune suppressive microenvironment by impeding effective T cells infiltration and recruiting suppressive immune cells including myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs), regulatory T cells(Tregs), cancer associated fibroblasts(CAFs). In immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI) era, NSCLC patients with mutated KRAS tend to be more responsive to ICI than patients with intact KRAS. The hallmark for KRAS mutation is the existence of multiple kinds of co-mutations. Different types of co-alterations have distinct tumor microenvironment(TME) signatures and responses to ICI. TP53 co-mutation possess a “hot” TME and achieve higher response to immunotherapy while other loss of function mutation correlated with a “colder” TME and a poor outcome to ICI-based therapy. The groundbreaking discovery of KRAS G12C inhibitors significantly improved outcomes for this KRAS subtype even though efficacy was limited to NSCLC patients. KRAS G12C inhibitors also restore the suppressive TME, creating an opportunity for combinations with ICI. However, an inevitable challenge to KRAS inhibitors is drug resistance. Promising combination strategies such as combination with SHP2 is an approach deserve further exploration because of their immune modulatory effect.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Physical modeling for photo-capacitance characteristics of metal oxide TFTs
- Author
-
Haoyang Li, Wencai Zuo, Feifan Li, Zhaohua Zhou, Miao Xu, Lei Wang, Weijing Wu, and Junbiao Peng
- Subjects
Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
We propose an amorphous metal oxide thin film transistor photo-capacitance model in the depletion region that takes Fermi level splitting and band-bending rearrangement into consideration. The split Fermi level is used to characterize the variation in trapped electrons under illumination. Those trapped electrons are excited by optical energy transport under the electric field induced by gate voltage, changing the charge density in the space charge and inducing the rearrangement of band bending. By comparing the data calculated from the model with the test data under three different illumination conditions, that is, 808, 635, and 520 nm, we verify the correctness of this model. Furthermore, the fitting results were in accordance with the general law: the higher the photon energy, the higher the energy level splitting.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Increased circulating regulatory T cells and decreased follicular T helper cells are associated with colorectal carcinogenesis
- Author
-
Qiao Meng, Yang Zhao, Miao Xu, Pingzhang Wang, Jun Li, Rongli Cui, Weiwei Fu, and Shigang Ding
- Subjects
colorectal cancer ,adenoma ,hyperplastic polyps ,T helper cell ,innate lymphoid cells ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
ObjectiveColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Colorectal carcinogenesis occurs via the conventional adenoma-to-carcinoma and serrated pathways. Conventional T helper (Th) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play vital roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. However, the contribution of these two major lymphoid cell populations and their associated cytokines to CRC development is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to analyze peripheral lymphocyte profiles during colorectal carcinogenesis.MethodsWe collected 86 blood samples concurrently, and pathologists confirmed the presence of various pathological conditions (i.e., HPs, adenoma, and carcinoma) using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Ten healthy donors were recruited as healthy controls (HCs) from the physical examination center. We performed flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from patients with various pathological conditions and the HCs, and cytokines (interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, interleukin-13, interleukin-17A, interleukin-17F, interleukin-22, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were quantified. We also analyzed the published single-cell RNA sequence data derived from tissue samples from different stages of colorectal carcinogenesis.ResultsThe cytokine response in peripheral CD4+ T cells was upregulated during the carcinoma process. The frequency of peripheral regulatory T cells (Tregs) increased in the adenoma and carcinoma stages. While the T follicular helper (Tfh) cell proportion was downregulated in the adenoma and carcinoma processes. Thus, Th cell subsets, especially Tregs and Tfh cells, were involved in colonic diseases. Moreover, the immunological profile characteristics in the HPs were clarified.ConclusionWe comprehensively analyzed circulating ILCs and adaptive T-cell lymphocyte subtypes in colorectal carcinoma progression. Our results show the immunological profile characteristics and support the involvement of Th subsets, especially Treg and Tfh cell populations, in colonic diseases. These findings significantly enhance our understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying CRC and its precancerous lesions. Further investigation of the Treg and Tfh cells’ function in colorectal disease development will provide potential therapeutic targets for monitoring and preventing CRC development.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Factors associated with nonattendance at annual diabetes check-up in Ningbo, China: a case-control study
- Author
-
Ling Li, Kaushik Chattopadhyay, Xueyu Li, Jingjia Yu, Miao Xu, Xueqin Chen, Li Li, and Jialin Li
- Subjects
type 2 diabetes mellitus ,chronic disease management ,annual checkup ,attendance ,China ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a grave issue in China. The annual check-up is recommended in clinical guidelines on T2DM. It plays an important role in monitoring and managing the condition and detecting and managing any comorbidities and T2DM-related complications. However, people with T2DM may miss the annual check-up, and the benefits of this check-up are lost. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors associated with nonattendance at the annual T2DM check-up in Ningbo, China.MethodsA case-control study was conducted using the Ningbo National Metabolic Management Center dataset. Cases were people with T2DM who were alive but did not attend the first annual check-up, scheduled between 1 March 2019 and 28 February 2022 (n = 1,549). Controls were people with T2DM who were alive and attended the first annual check-up during the same period (n = 1,354). The characteristics of cases and controls were compared using logistic regressions.ResultsThe odds of being a female [odds ratio (OR) 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.50], alcohol drinker (1.26, 1.06–1.49), and with glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥7% (1.67, 1.42–1.97) were higher among case patients than controls. The odds of being a high school graduate (0.77, 0.66–0.89) and on standard treatments in addition to lifestyle modification (oral hypoglycemic drug 0.63, 0.42–0.96; oral hypoglycemic drug and injection therapy 0.48, 0.32–0.73) were lower among case patients than controls.ConclusionThe factors associated with nonattendance at the annual T2DM check-up in Ningbo, China were female sex, not a high school graduate, alcohol drinker, HbA1c ≥7%, and only on lifestyle modification. The study findings should be used for improving attendance at the annual check-up among people with T2DM in Ningbo.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Generation of an Alagille syndrome (ALGS) patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell line (TRNDi032-A) carrying a heterozygous mutation (p.Cys682Leufs*7) in the JAG1 gene
- Author
-
Omer Hatim, Ivan Pavlinov, Miao Xu, Kaari Linask, Jeanette Beers, Chengyu Liu, Karsten Baumgärtel, Melissa Gilbert, Nancy Spinner, Catherine Chen, Jizhong Zou, and Wei Zheng
- Subjects
Alagille syndrome ,ALGS ,Human induced pluripotent stem cells ,iPSC culture ,iPSC passaging ,iPSC characterization ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is an autosomal dominant, multisystemic disorder due to haploinsufficiency in either the JAG1 gene (ALGS type 1) or the NOTCH2 gene (ALGS type 2). The disease has been difficult to diagnose and treat due to its muti-system clinical presentation, variable expressivity, and prenatal onset for some of the features. The generation of this iPSC line (TRNDi032-A) carrying a heterozygous mutation, p.Cys682Leufs*7 (c.2044dup), in the JAG1 gene provides a means of studying the disease and developing novel therapeutics towards patient treatment.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Neutralizing antibodies against EBV gp42 show potent in vivo protection and define novel epitopes
- Author
-
Qian Wu, Ling Zhong, Dongmei Wei, Wanlin Zhang, Junping Hong, Yinfeng Kang, Kaiyun Chen, Yang Huang, Qingbing Zheng, Miao Xu, Mu-Sheng Zeng, Yi-Xin Zeng, Ningshao Xia, Qinjian Zhao, Claude Krummenacher, Yixin Chen, and Xiao Zhang
- Subjects
Epstein-Barr virus ,glycoprotein gp42 ,neutralizing antibody ,humanized mouse model ,membrane fusion ,lymphoma ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is the first reported human oncogenic virus and infects more than 95% of the human population worldwide. EBV latent infection in B lymphocytes is essential for viral persistence. Glycoprotein gp42 is an indispensable member of the triggering complex for EBV entry into B cells. The C-type lectin domain (CTLD) of gp42 plays a key role in receptor binding and is the major target of neutralizing antibodies. Here, we isolated two rabbit antibodies, 1A7 and 6G7, targeting gp42 CTLD with potent neutralizing activity against B cell infection. Antibody 6G7 efficiently protects humanized mice from lethal EBV challenge and EBV-induced lymphoma. Neutralizing epitopes targeted by antibodies 1A7 and 6G7 are distinct and novel. Antibody 6G7 blocks gp42 binding to B cell surface and both 1A7 and 6G7 inhibit membrane fusion with B cells. Furthermore, 1A7- and 6G7-like antibodies in immunized sera are major contributors to B cell neutralization. This study demonstrates that anti-gp42 neutralizing antibodies are effective in inhibiting EBV infection and sheds light on the design of gp42-based vaccines and therapeutics.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Heterologous Omicron-adapted vaccine as a secondary booster promotes neutralizing antibodies against Omicron and its sub-lineages in mice
- Author
-
Jianyang Liu, Qian He, Fan Gao, Lianlian Bian, Qian Wang, Chaoqiang An, Lifang Song, Jialu Zhang, Dong Liu, Ziyang Song, Lu Li, Yu Bai, Zhongfang Wang, Zhenglun Liang, Qunying Mao, and Miao Xu
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,Omicron variant ,booster vaccine ,neutralizing antibody ,heterologous vaccination ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
ABSTRACTOver one billion people have received 2–3 dosages of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine for basic immunization. Whether a booster dose should be delivered to protect against the Omicron variant and its sub-lineages, remains controversial. Here, we tested different vaccine platforms targeting the ancestral or Omicron strain as a secondary booster of the ancestral inactivated vaccine in mice. We found that the Omicron-adapted inactivated viral vaccine promoted a neutralizing antibody response against Omicron in mice. Furthermore, heterologous immunization with COVID-19 vaccines based on different platforms remarkably elevated the levels of cross- neutralizing antibody against Omicron and its sub-lineages. Omicron-adapted vaccines based on heterologous platforms should be prioritized in future vaccination strategies to control COVID-19.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Words Can Be Confusing: Stereotype Bias Removal in Text Classification at the Word Level.
- Author
-
Shaofei Shen 0001, Mingzhe Zhang, Weitong Chen 0001, Alina Bialkowski, and Miao Xu
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Unbiased Risk Estimator to Multi-Labeled Complementary Label Learning.
- Author
-
Yi Gao 0003, Miao Xu, and Min-Ling Zhang
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. A Progressive Sampling Method for Dual-Node Imbalanced Learning with Restricted Data Access.
- Author
-
Yixuan Qiu, Weitong Chen 0001, and Miao Xu
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. MEBS: Multi-task End-to-end Bid Shading for Multi-slot Display Advertising.
- Author
-
Zhen Gong, Lvyin Niu, Yang Zhao, Miao Xu, Haoqi Zhang, Zhenzhe Zheng, Zhilin Zhang 0003, Rongquan Bai, Chuan Yu, Jian Xu 0015, Bo Zheng 0007, and Fan Wu 0006
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. USDSE: A Novel Method to Improve Service Reputation Based on Double-Side Evaluation
- Author
-
Xiao, Jianmao, Zeng, Jia, Miao, Xu, Cao, Yuanlong, Zhao, Jing, Feng, Zhiyong, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Xu, Yuan, editor, Yan, Hongyang, editor, Teng, Huang, editor, Cai, Jun, editor, and Li, Jin, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Advances in the Mechanism and Regulation of Obesity Induced by Gut Microbiota
- Author
-
YU Miao, XU Jinzhao, YANG Xiaoying, MA Longkai, YU Yansong, NING Ke, XIE Qinggang, XU Xiaoxi
- Subjects
obesity ,gut microbiota ,metabolites ,inflammatory response ,prebiotics ,dietary pattern ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
The global prevalence of obesity has nearly tripled in the past 40 years and continues to rise at an alarming rate. High fat and high carbohydrate diets can cause gut microbiota disturbance and impairment of intestinal barrier function in obese individuals. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and its metabolites crossing the intestinal barrier lead to insulin resistance, imbalance in energy metabolism, reduced fat browning capacity and increased levels of inflammatory factors, which in turn induce chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the molecular mechanism of obesity mediated by the gut microbiota is systematically elucidated. Based on this, we propose that the intestinal microecology can be regulated by supplementing probiotics and prebiotics or by changing lifestyle and dietary pattern, which in turn will help to prevent and control obesity.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. LILRB2/PirB mediates macrophage recruitment in fibrogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- Author
-
Dan-Pei Li, Li Huang, Ran-Ran Kan, Xiao-Yu Meng, Shu-Yun Wang, Hua-Jie Zou, Ya-Ming Guo, Pei-Qiong Luo, Li-Meng Pan, Yu-Xi Xiang, Bei-Bei Mao, Yu-Yu Xie, Zhi-Han Wang, Min Yang, Rui He, Yan Yang, Zhe-Long Liu, Jun-Hui Xie, De-Lin Ma, Ben-Ping Zhang, Shi-Ying Shao, Xi Chen, Si-Miao Xu, Wen-Tao He, Wen-Jun Li, Yong Chen, and Xue-Feng Yu
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Abstract Inhibition of immunocyte infiltration and activation has been suggested to effectively ameliorate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PirB) and its human ortholog receptor, leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B (LILRB2), are immune-inhibitory receptors. However, their role in NASH pathogenesis is still unclear. Here, we demonstrate that PirB/LILRB2 regulates the migration of macrophages during NASH by binding with its ligand angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8). Hepatocyte-specific ANGPTL8 knockout reduces MDM infiltration and resolves lipid accumulation and fibrosis progression in the livers of NASH mice. In addition, PirB−/− bone marrow (BM) chimeras abrogate ANGPTL8-induced MDM migration to the liver. And yet, PirB ectodomain protein could ameliorate NASH by sequestering ANGPTL8. Furthermore, LILRB2-ANGPTL8 binding-promoted MDM migration and inflammatory activation are also observed in human peripheral blood monocytes. Taken together, our findings reveal the role of PirB/LILRB2 in NASH pathogenesis and identify PirB/LILRB2-ANGPTL8 signaling as a potential target for the management or treatment of NASH.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Low-carbohydrate diet in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (LoCaT): study protocol for a multicenter, randomized controlled trial
- Author
-
Xinyi Xia, Miao Xu, Yunjie Gu, Yangxue Li, Li Li, and Jun Yin
- Subjects
Type 2 diabetes mellitus ,Randomized controlled trial ,Study protocol ,Low-carbohydrate diet ,Canagliflozin ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) is an emerging therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although its effect on glucose control has been confirmed in previous clinical trials, most of those studies have focused on comparing calorie-restricted LCD to iso-caloric low-fat diets. In this study, we aim to compare the effects of LCD and canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, in patients with T2DM. Methods This is a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. We will recruit 120 patients with poor-controlled T2DM. Participants will be randomly divided into canagliflozin and LCD groups in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome is the change in hemoglobin A1C levels after the 3-month intervention. The secondary outcomes are the time in range and cost of antihyperglycemic agents. Exploratory outcomes include physical examination, body composition, glucose variability, appetite, glycolipid metabolism, liver lipid content, and urine glucose threshold. Discussion No previous study has compared an LCD with antihyperglycemic agents. In LoCaT, participants’ metabolism will be assessed from multiple perspectives. It is believed that the finding obtained from this trial will optimize the treatments for patients with T2DM. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900027592. Registered on November 20, 2019.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. A novel retinoic acid drug, EYE-502, inhibits choroidal neovascularization by targeting endothelial cells and pericytes
- Author
-
Yaming Shen, Miao Xu, Ling Ren, Xiumiao Li, Xiaoyan Han, Xin Cao, Jin Yao, and Biao Yan
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) occurs in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and often leads to permanent visual impairment. Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents is the gold standard for the treatment of CNV. However, anti-VEGF treatment did not always cause vision improvement and sometimes had detrimental effects on normal retinal tissues. Herein, we identified a novel retinoic acid drug, EYE-502, which had great therapeutic effects on CNV. Administration of EYE-502 could inhibit VEGF-induced dysfunction of endothelial cells (ECs) and reduce platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced recruitment of pericytes to ECs in vitro. Administration of EYE-502 could reduce the area of choroidal sprouting and laser-induced CNV, exhibiting similar anti-angiogenic effects as aflibercept. Moreover, administration of EYE-502 could reduce pericyte coverage in the sprouting vessels and choroidal neovascularization. Mechanistically, EYE-502 primarily bound to retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and exerted the anti-angiogenic effects by targeting ECs and pericytes via affecting the activation of Wnt/β-catenin and PDGF/PDGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling. Taken together, this study reports a novel retinoic acid drug, EYE-502, which can exert the anti-angiogenic effects by simultaneous targeting of ECs and pericytes.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.