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1. A Volume-Corrected Wenzel Model

Author: Michael S. Bell and Ali Borhan
Subjects: Chemistry, QD1-999
Published: 2020
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2. A Volume-Corrected Wenzel Model

Author: Ali Borhan and Michael S. Bell
Subjects: Physics, Drop size, General Chemical Engineering, General Chemistry, Mechanics, Article, Contact angle, Thermodynamic model, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Molecular dynamics, Wavelength, Chemistry, Volume (thermodynamics), Rough surface, Wetting, QD1-999
Abstract: The Wenzel model, commonly used for predicting the equilibrium contact angle (CA) of drops which penetrate the asperities of a rough surface, does not account for the liquid volume stored in the asperities. Interestingly, many previous experimental and molecular dynamics studies have noted discrepancies between observed CAs and those predicted by the Wenzel model because of this neglected liquid volume. Here, we apply a thermodynamic model to wetting of periodically patterned surfaces to derive a volume-corrected Wenzel equation in the limit of small pattern wavelength (compared to drop size). We show that the corrected equilibrium CA is smaller than that predicted by the Wenzel equation and that the reduction in CA can be significant when the liquid volume within the asperities becomes non-negligible compared to the total droplet volume. In such cases, the corrected CAs agree reasonably well with experimental observations and results of molecular dynamics simulations reported in previous studies.
Published: 2020

3. The U.S. Army in the Iraq War: volume 1 (Invasion, Insurgency, Civil War 2003-2006)

Author: Michael S. Bell and Thomas A. Marks
Subjects: Insurgency, Iraq war, Spanish Civil War, Political science, Political Science and International Relations, Economic history, U s army
Abstract: Long anticipated but delayed amid internal controversy, the U.S. Army study on the Iraq War has finally appeared. Published as two volumes, it has been worth the wait. Its contents would seem to ma...
Published: 2019
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4. Articulatory Range of Movement in Individuals With Dysarthria Secondary to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Author: Michael S. Bell and Jimin Lee
Subjects: Adult, Male, Linguistics and Language, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Voice Quality, Range of movement, Severity of Illness Index, Speech Acoustics, Judgment, Young Adult, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Speech and Hearing, Dysarthria, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Speech Production Measurement, Tongue, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, Range of Motion, Articular, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Stomatognathic System, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Speech Intelligibility, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Lip, Biomechanical Phenomena, Jaw, Otorhinolaryngology, Case-Control Studies, Speech Perception, Female, medicine.symptom, 0305 other medical science, Range of motion, business, Electromagnetic Phenomena, Speech rate, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Purpose The current study examined overall articulatory range of movement (ROM) in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Differential involvement of articulators was also tested using articulatory working space in individuals with varying degrees of dysarthria severity and in typically aging individuals. A strong association between overall articulatory ROM and severity measures among individuals with ALS was hypothesized. In addition, it was hypothesized that differential involvement of articulators would be detected using overall articulatory ROM measures. Method Twenty-two speakers with dysarthria secondary to ALS and 22 typically aging speakers participated. Speech intelligibility and speaking rate were used as indices of severity. Movement range and overall articulatory working space area (convex hull) of the tongue, lower lip, and jaw were each measured by electromagnetic articulography while the speakers produced the Rainbow Passage. Results Tongue convex hull size was significantly correlated with both indices of severity. A significant interaction between articulators and groups was observed. Individuals with severe dysarthria had reduced tongue convex hull size and exaggerated lower lip convex hull size. ROM in the anterior–posterior dimension showed a more notable differential involvement pattern than ROM in the superior–inferior dimension. Results in the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed group-specific ROM sensitivity. Conclusions The findings indicate that tongue ROM is reduced in individuals with more severe dysarthria when estimated using a standardized paragraph containing all American English phonemes. The articulatory working space measure could be useful for estimating speech dysfunction in ALS. ROM of the tongue decreases, but ROM of the lower lip and jaw each increase in individuals with severe dysarthria. Differential involvement of the articulators in the anterior–posterior dimension needs to be further investigated.
Published: 2018
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5. An approximate analytical approach to estimate the diffusivity of toxic chemicals in polymer barrier materials from the time evolution of sessile drop profiles

Author: Rajagopalan Srinivasan, Molly N. Richards, Ramanathan Nagarajan, Ali Borhan, and Michael S. Bell
Subjects: Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Vapor pressure, Evaporation, Time evolution, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Mechanics, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Thermal diffusivity, 01 natural sciences, Finite element method, 0104 chemical sciences, Contact angle, Sessile drop technique, Mass transfer, Materials Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Any practical technique to determine the diffusivity of chemical warfare agents in protective barrier materials should require handling only miniscule volume of the chemicals and also require data analysis methods that are not computationally burdensome. Such an approach is described here based on imaging the time evolution of ~ 1 μL sessile drop profiles on the barrier surface and using an approximate analytical approach to analyze the time-dependent drop volume and contact angle data for extracting the diffusivity. The approximate analytical approach is validated by comparison against results from computationally intensive finite element simulations available in the literature. The domain of reliable use of the sessile drop technique in terms of the relative importance of the simultaneous evaporation and absorption is assessed using measurements on three challenging toxic chemicals in air and in butyl rubber. The ability of this approach to provide reasonable diffusivity estimates even if the substrate undergoes swelling is explored by studying water sessile drops on a Nafion membrane. The results allow one to conclude that the sessile drop technique coupled to the approximate analytical approach can be reliably used for rapid screening of new barrier materials for protection against chemical warfare agents if the screening is implemented using simulants with low vapor pressures.
Published: 2018
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6. Articulatory Kinematic Characteristics Across the Dysarthria Severity Spectrum in Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Author: Michael S. Bell, Jimin Lee, and Zachary Simmons
Subjects: Adult, Male, Linguistics and Language, medicine.medical_specialty, Kinematics, Audiology, Severity of Illness Index, Speech Acoustics, Young Adult, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Speech and Hearing, Dysarthria, 0302 clinical medicine, Speech Production Measurement, Tongue, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Speech Intelligibility, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Speech Articulation Tests, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, Jaw, Otorhinolaryngology, Speech Perception, Female, medicine.symptom, 0305 other medical science, business, Speech rate, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Purpose The current study investigated whether articulatory kinematic patterns can be extrapolated across the spectrum of dysarthria severity in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Method Temporal and spatial articulatory kinematic data were collected using electromagnetic articulography from 14 individuals with dysarthria secondary to ALS and 6 typically aging speakers. Speech intelligibility and speaking rate were used as indices of severity. Results Temporal measures (duration, speed of articulators) were significantly correlated with both indices of severity. In speakers with dysarthria, spatial measures were not correlated with severity except in 3 measures: tongue movement displacement was more reduced in the anterior–posterior dimension; jaw movement distance was greater in the inferior–superior dimension; jaw convex hull area was larger in speakers with slower speaking rates. Visual inspection of movement trajectories revealed that overall spatial kinematic characteristics in speakers with severe dysarthria differed qualitatively from those in speakers with mild or moderate dysarthria. Unlike speakers with dysarthria, typically aging speakers displayed variable tongue movement and minimal jaw movement. Conclusions The current study revealed that spatial articulatory characteristics, unlike temporal characteristics, showed a complicated pattern across the severity spectrum. The findings suggest that articulatory characteristics in speakers with severe dysarthria cannot simply be extrapolated from those in speakers with mild-to-moderate dysarthria secondary to ALS.
Published: 2018
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7. Double Ring Stand Interference

Author: Michael S. Bell
Subjects: Human–computer interaction, Phenomenon, GRASP, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, General Physics and Astronomy, Interference (wave propagation), Constructive, Education, Double ring, Simple (philosophy)
Abstract: Double-slit interference is a difficult phenomenon for students to grasp in an introductory physics course. A thorough understanding of constructive and destructive interference is critical, but even with such an understanding, visualizing exactly how an interference pattern is formed by light passing through two slits can still be a challenge for students. Here, we describe a simple demonstration that seems to have improved our students’ understanding of this phenomenon. The required materials are readily available in nearly any physics classroom or lab, and the demonstration can easily be constructed in 5 to 10 minutes.
Published: 2020
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8. Characterization of ecotin homologs from Campylobacter rectus and Campylobacter showae

Author: Christine M. Szymanski, Abofu Alemka, Balázs Rada, Ruchi Yadav, Oluwadamilola Oni, Michael S. Bell, Christopher Fodor, Harald Nothaft, and Cody Thomas
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Neutrophils, Molecular biology, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Sequence Homology, medicine.disease_cause, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biochemistry, Fluorophotometry, Poultry, White Blood Cells, 0302 clinical medicine, Spectrum Analysis Techniques, Animal Cells, Medicine and Health Sciences, Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer, Gamefowl, Post-Translational Modification, Cells, Cultured, Multidisciplinary, biology, Pancreatic Elastase, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli Proteins, Campylobacter rectus, Eukaryota, Proteases, Bacterial Pathogens, Enzymes, Medical Microbiology, Spectrophotometry, Vertebrates, Medicine, Periplasmic Proteins, Pathogens, Cellular Types, Trypsin Inhibitors, Signal Peptides, Research Article, Serine Proteinase Inhibitors, Immune Cells, Science, Immunology, DNA construction, Research and Analysis Methods, Campylobacter jejuni, Microbiology, Birds, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Animals, Humans, Escherichia coli, Microbial Pathogens, Serine protease, Blood Cells, Bacteria, ved/biology, Campylobacter showae, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Proteins, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Molecular biology techniques, Fowl, Amniotes, Plasmid Construction, biology.protein, Enzymology, Ecotin, Serine Proteases, Chickens, Zoology, 030215 immunology
Abstract: Ecotin, first described inEscherichia coli, is a potent inhibitor of a broad range of serine proteases including those typically released by the innate immune system such as neutrophil elastase (NE). Here we describe the identification of ecotin orthologs in variousCampylobacterspecies, includingCampylobacter rectusandCampylobacter showaeresiding in the oral cavity and implicated in the development and progression of periodontal disease in humans. To investigate the function of these ecotinsin vitro, the orthologs fromC.rectusandC.showaewere recombinantly expressed and purified fromE.coli. Using CmeA degradation/protection assays, fluorescence resonance energy transfer and NE activity assays, we found that ecotins fromC.rectusandC.showaeinhibit NE, factor Xa and trypsin, but not theCampylobacter jejuniserine protease HtrA or its ortholog inE.coli, DegP. To further evaluate ecotin functionin vivo, anE.coliecotin-deficient mutant was complemented with theC.rectusandC.showaehomologs. Using a neutrophil killing assay, we demonstrate that the low survival rate of theE.coliecotin-deficient mutant can be rescued upon expression of ecotins fromC.rectusandC.showae. In addition, theC.rectusandC.showaeecotins partially compensate for loss of N-glycosylation and increased protease susceptibility in the related pathogen,Campylobacter jejuni, thus implicating a similar role for these proteins in the native host to cope with the protease-rich environment of the oral cavity.
Published: 2020

9. Effects of Hierarchical Surface Roughness on Droplet Contact Angle

Author: Ali Borhan, Michael S. Bell, Azar Shahraz, and Kristen A. Fichthorn
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Materials science, business.industry, Surfaces and Interfaces, Surface finish, Condensed Matter Physics, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Contact angle, Optics, Electrochemistry, Surface roughness, General Materials Science, Nanometre, Wetting, Composite material, business, Nanoscopic scale, Spectroscopy, Microscale chemistry
Abstract: Superhydrophobic surfaces often incorporate roughness on both micron and nanometer length scales, although a satisfactory understanding of the role of this hierarchical roughness in causing superhydrophobicity remains elusive. We present a two-dimensional thermodynamic model to describe wetting on hierarchically grooved surfaces by droplets for which the influence of gravity is negligible. By creating wetting phase diagrams for droplets on surfaces with both single-scale and hierarchical roughness, we find that hierarchical roughness leads to greatly expanded superhydrophobic domains in phase space over those for a single scale of roughness. Our results indicate that an important role of the nanoscale roughness is to increase the effective Young's angle of the microscale features, leading to smaller required aspect ratios (height to width) for the surface structures. We then show how this idea may be used to design a hierarchically rough surface with optimally high contact angles.
Published: 2015
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10. Multiple Resistance to Herbicides from Four Site-of-Action Groups in Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus)

Author: Patrick J. Tranel, Aaron G. Hager, and Michael S. Bell
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, education.field_of_study, Acetolactate synthase, biology, Population, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Plant Science, Acifluorfen, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, 010602 entomology, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Agronomy, Glyphosate, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Amaranthus tuberculatus, biology.protein, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Protoporphyrinogen oxidase, Atrazine, education, Agronomy and Crop Science, Lactofen
Abstract: In 2006 and 2007, farmers from two counties in Illinois reported failure to control waterhemp with glyphosate. Subsequent onsite field experiments revealed that the populations might be resistant to multiple herbicides. Greenhouse experiments therefore were conducted to confirm glyphosate resistance, and to test for multiple resistance to other herbicides, including atrazine, acifluorfen, lactofen, and imazamox. In glyphosate dose-response experiments, both populations responded similarly to a previously characterized glyphosate-resistant population (MO1). Both Illinois populations also demonstrated high frequencies of resistance to the acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor, imazamox. Additionally, one of the populations demonstrated high frequencies of resistance to both atrazine and the protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitor, lactofen. Furthermore, using combinations of sequential and tank-mix herbicide applications, individual plants resistant to herbicides spanning all four site-of-action groups were identified from one population. Molecular experiments were performed to provide an initial characterization of the resistance mechanisms and to provide confirmation of the presence of multiple resistance traits within the two populations. Both populations contained the W574L ALS mutation and the ΔG210 PPO mutation, previously shown to confer resistance to ALS and PPO inhibitors, respectively. Atrazine resistance in both populations is suspected to be metabolism-based, because a triazine target-site mutation was not identified. A P106S EPSPS mutation, previously reported to confer glyphosate resistance, was identified in one population. This mutation was identified in both resistant and sensitive plants from the population; however, and so more research is needed to determine the glyphosate-resistance mechanism(s). This is the first known case of a weed population in the United States possessing multiple resistance to herbicides from four site-of-action groups.
Published: 2013
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11. Effect of Gravity on the Configuration of Droplets on Two-Dimensional Physically Patterned Surfaces

Author: Michael S. Bell, Ali Borhan, and Kristen A. Fichthorn
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Work (thermodynamics), Gravity (chemistry), business.industry, Chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Surfaces and Interfaces, Mechanics, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Contact angle, Hysteresis, Optics, Wetting transition, Electrochemistry, General Materials Science, Wetting, 0210 nano-technology, business, Focus (optics), Spectroscopy
Abstract: Wetting of solid surfaces is important for many potential applications, including the design of low-drag and antifouling/self-cleaning surfaces, and it is usually quantified by the contact angle and by contact angle hysteresis. Both the chemistry and the physical patterning of the surface are known to affect the contact angle. In studying the wetting of such surfaces, most models focus on the small Bond number (Bo) limit in which the effect of gravity is negligible, which simplifies free energy calculations. In this work, we employ a thermodynamic model for surfaces patterned with two-dimensional asperities, which remains applicable for nonzero Bo. We employ two versions of the model: one in which we require the liquid-vapor interface to remain a circular cap, and another in which we allow the liquid-vapor interface to deform. We find that the effects of gravity are twofold. First, drops with larger Bo tend to flatten and spread across the surface relative to the same size drops with Bo = 0. Second, gravity makes it more favorable for drops to penetrate surface asperities compared to the case of Bo = 0, which also tends to lower the contact angles. The main effect of droplet deformation is to produce larger contact angles for the same wetting configuration. Finally, we compare our model predictions with relevant experimental observations. We find very close agreement with the experiments, thereby validating our theoretical model.
Published: 2016

12. An absence of neutrinos associated with cosmic-ray acceleration in gamma-ray bursts

Author: C. Walck, Todor Stanev, Dawn Williams, S. Hussain, J. W. Nam, F. Descamps, M. W. E. Smith, D. J. Koskinen, P. Berghaus, S. Boeser, S. Japaridze, S. Odrowski, Timo Karg, H. Landsman, R. Franke, S. Euler, S. Flis, H. A. B. Johansson, Christian Bohm, Aongus O'Murchadha, Jon Dumm, T. Waldenmaier, S. Westerhoff, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, J. J. Beatty, S. Seunarine, M. Kowalski, A. Gross, Damian Pieloth, A. M. Brown, P. B. Price, K. Hoshina, H. S. Matis, L. Koepke, M. Danninger, D. Heereman, M. V. D'Agostino, G. C. Hill, J. Posselt, M. Stamatikos, D. Z. Besson, T. O. B. Schmidt, Glenn Spiczak, Larissa Paul, L. Schulte, Chris Wendt, T. Kowarik, D. Rutledge, M. Labare, Albrecht Karle, M. Schunck, Michael J. Baker, Klas Hultqvist, A. Marotta, D. Altmann, U. Naumann, K. Meagher, T. R. Wood, J. Kiryluk, Thomas Meures, N. van Eijndhoven, L. Gladstone, M. Richman, Francis Halzen, Reina H. Maruyama, K. H. Becker, Dirk Heinen, D. Seckel, S. Miarecki, P. Zarzhitsky, A. Piegsa, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, Xinhua Bai, A. Goldschmidt, F. Rothmaier, Segev BenZvi, Carsten Rott, Dave Nygren, J. Miller, Spencer Klein, R. J. Lauer, O. Fadiran, M. Bissok, Markus Ahlers, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, C. DeClercq, P. A. Toale, Hermann Kolanoski, J. A. Goodman, A. Silvestri, K. Mase, M. Merck, Xianwu Xu, G. Kroll, T. Degner, K. Rawlins, R. Hellauer, J. P. Huelss, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Darren Grant, Dmitry Chirkin, Jay Gallagher, R. Nahnhauer, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Kara Hoffman, Y. Sestayo, Karen Andeen, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, A. H. Cruz Silva, N. Milke, Jenni Adams, S. Schoeneberg, Sarah Nowicki, Alexander Kappes, C. Pérez de los Heros, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, James Madsen, A. Olivas, M. J. Larson, A. Homeier, S. Panknin, R. Stroem, Fabian Kislat, A. Stoessl, Markus Ackermann, J. Dreyer, S. Tilav, A. Schultes, O. Engdegård, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, Juanan Aguilar, Wolfgang Rhode, T. Gluesenkamp, Takao Kuwabara, Simona Toscano, R. Wasserman, Y. Abdou, Christopher Wiebusch, Nathan Whitehorn, S. Hickford, A. Schoenwald, A. Van Overloop, Kael Hanson, W. Huelsnitz, J. Daughhetee, Christian Spiering, T. Griesel, B. Christy, Seth M. Cohen, R. W. Ellsworth, Donglian Xu, K. Wiebe, A. Franckowiak, R. G. Stokstad, R. Wischnewski, Matt Dunkman, Steven W. Barwick, Teresa Montaruli, K. Helbing, T. Abu-Zayyad, T. Fischer-Wasels, Elisa Resconi, S. Bechet, B. Hoffmann, Dariusz Gora, Anatoli Fedynitch, A. Schukraft, K. Laihem, J. L. Bazo Alba, J. Berdermann, D. Bose, E. Jacobi, J. Luenemann, H. Taavola, J. Feintzeig, Dirk Ryckbosch, Subir Sarkar, P. Redl, M. Olivo, Paolo Desiati, T. Feusels, D. Berley, E. A. Strahler, Ignacio Taboada, E. Blaufuss, J. C. Davis, K. Beattie, O. Schulz, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, D. J. Boersma, M. Krasberg, J. E. Jacobsen, Marcos Santander, M. Ribordy, L. Gerhardt, J. P. Rodrigues, Matthias Wolf, T. Stezelberger, K. Han, Michael S. Bell, Kirill Filimonov, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, R. C. Bay, B. Ruzybayev, C. Ha, S. Yoshida, M. Casier, G. W. Sullivan, P. Meszaros, J. K. Becker, Allan Hallgren, Sandro Kopper, S. M. Movit, H. G. Sander, C. Colnard, Aya Ishihara, Rasha Abbasi, Chun Xu, Ch. Weaver, Chad Finley, M. Stueer, K. Schatto, G. Kohnen, J. Blumenthal, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, Olga Botner, D. Tosi, B. Semburg, H. Wissing, Stijn Buitink, J. Auffenberg, Daniel Bindig, Gerald Przybylski, R. Morse, M. Zoll, Benedikt Riedel, Tim Ruhe, M. Walter, A. Rizzo, S. H. Seo, J. H. Koehne, F. Clevermann, J. P. Yanez, A. Haj Ismail, A. Tamburro, L. Brayeur, J. van Santen, J. Kunnen, Naoko Kurahashi, D. Bertrand, M. Wallraff, M. Voge, M. Gurtner, M. Dierckxsens, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, and Montaruli, Teresa
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Electronvolt, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, high-energy neutrinos, Cosmic ray, ddc:500.2, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, ddc:070, Icecube, Acceleration, Pion, cosmic rays, 0103 physical sciences, Telescope, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Very Energetic, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Multidisciplinary, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Search, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Gamma Ray Bursts, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Gamma-ray burst, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) have been proposed as a leading candidate for acceleration of ultra high-energy cosmic rays, which would be accompanied by emission of TeV neutrinos produced in proton-photon interactions during acceleration in the GRB fireball. Two analyses using data from two years of the IceCube detector produced no evidence for this neutrino emission, placing strong constraints on models of neutrino and cosmic-ray production in these sources., 6 pages, 4 figures. Additional supplementary information (effective areas) is freely available with the published version. Version 2 supersedes the published version and fixes a small overestimation of the event rate from the Guetta et al. model in the 2010-2011 part of the model-dependent analysis, resulting in a new Fig. 1. Conclusions and all final results are unchanged.
Published: 2012
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13. Herbicide Resistances in Amaranthus tuberculatus: A Call for New Options

Author: Chance W. Riggins, Aaron G. Hager, Michael S. Bell, and Patrick J. Tranel
Subjects: Acetolactate synthase, Amaranthus, biology, Herbicides, Weed Control, Plant Weeds, food and beverages, General Chemistry, Pesticide, biology.organism_classification, Weed control, Crop, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Agronomy, Glyphosate, Botany, Amaranthus tuberculatus, biology.protein, Protoporphyrinogen oxidase, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Weed, Herbicide Resistance
Abstract: Amaranthus tuberculatus is a major weed of crop fields in the midwestern United States. Making this weed particularly problematic to manage is its demonstrated ability to evolve resistance to herbicides. Herbicides to which A. tuberculatus has evolved resistance are photosystem II inhibitors, acetolactate synthase inhibitors, protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors, and glyphosate. Many populations of A. tuberculatus contain more than one of these resistances, severely limiting the options for effective herbicide control. A survey of multiple-herbicide resistance in A. tuberculatus revealed that all populations resistant to glyphosate contained resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitors, and 40% contained resistance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors. The occurrences of multiple-herbicide resistances in A. tuberculatus illustrate the need for continued herbicide discovery efforts and/or the development of new strategies for weed management.
Published: 2010
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14. Time Requirement from Pollination to Seed Maturity in Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus)

Author: Michael S. Bell and Patrick J. Tranel
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Pollination, Seed dormancy, food and beverages, Weed science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Plant Science, Amaranthaceae, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, 010602 entomology, Agronomy, Germination, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Amaranthus tuberculatus, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Dormancy, Agronomy and Crop Science, Seed testing
Abstract: Experiments were conducted to determine the amount of time required for waterhemp to produce mature seeds after pollination. Female waterhemp plants were pollinated over a 24-h time period and then isolated from males. Two branches, each containing at least 500 flowers, were harvested from each female at the time of the initial pollination, designated as 0 d after pollination (DAP), as well as at multiple other times after pollination up to 62 DAP. One branch from each harvest was stored at 30 C for 48 h, while the other branch was stored at −20 C for 48 h. Branches were then stored at room temperature until all harvests were complete, at which time seeds from each branch at each time after pollination were collected, weighed, and stratified. Germination tests were then conducted to determine the time at which seeds become viable after pollination. Seeds that had not germinated by the end of the germination tests were subjected to tetrazolium testing for viability. Germination tests were also conducted on nonstratified seeds to investigate changes in seed dormancy that were expected to occur over the amount of time the seeds were allowed to remain on the plants. Seeds stored initially at 30 C postharvest became viable 7 to 9 DAP, whereas seeds stored initially at −20 C postharvest did not become mature until 11 DAP. Seed coat color was white soon after pollination and became dark brown to nearly black by 12 DAP, and seed weight increased until 12 DAP. Tetrazolium tests for seed viability correlated well with the germination tests. Germination tests on nonstratified seeds indicated that dormancy level was initially high in the population used, but began to decrease between 15 and 30 DAP. Results of this study have implications both for waterhemp management and research.
Published: 2010
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15. Observation of the cosmic-ray shadow of the Moon with IceCube

Author: J. Daughhetee, T. Fuchs, D. Soldin, S. Yoshida, A. Fedynitch, K. Krings, P. B. Price, P. A. Evenson, S. Zierke, M. Usner, W. Huelsnitz, P. Desiati, T. Fischer-Wasels, N. Van Eijndhoven, A. M. Brown, K. Hultqvist, C. Walck, D. J. Koskinen, G. W. Sullivan, Segev BenZvi, C. Bohm, M. Ribordy, T. Stezelberger, D. van der Drift, S. C. Nowicki, V. Baum, G. Kroll, X. Bai, D. Chirkin, J. Auffenberg, M. J. Larson, S. Coenders, J. Lünemann, Marcos Santander, J. J. Beatty, Y. Abdou, J. Miller, A. Christov, Markus Ahlers, H. Niederhausen, D. Bose, M. Leuermann, F. Clevermann, R. Wasserman, T. Ruhe, S. Bohaichuk, M. J. Carson, J. S. Gallagher, Wolfgang Rhode, M. Merck, M. Wolf, A. Groß, R. G. Stokstad, M. Bissok, D. Z. Besson, A. Obertacke, H. Taavola, S. De Ridder, F. McNally, K. Jagielski, K. Jero, R. Nahnhauer, G. M. Spiczak, H. Landsman, G. Binder, M. Richman, Fabian Kislat, A. Stößl, K. Meagher, K. Wiebe, S. Bechet, A. Goldschmidt, K. Filimonov, P. A. Toale, T. Feusels, R. Ström, A. O'Murchadha, N. Milke, J. Blumenthal, M. L. Benabderrahmane, J. H. Köhne, D. Pieloth, B. Kaminsky, Reina H. Maruyama, T. Kuwabara, O. Fadiran, M. Olivo, Todor Stanev, J. A. Pepper, F. Scheriau, Stephanie Hickford, M. Schmitz, B. Riedel, M. Casier, N. Pirk, S. Miarecki, P. Zarzhitsky, J. Ziemann, Michael S. Bell, E. A. Strahler, M. Wallraff, J. L. Kelley, J. A. Goodman, X. W. Xu, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, D. Heereman, D. J. Boersma, R. Franke, C. Pérez De Los Heros, D. Seckel, J. Madsen, C. Pfendner, M. Labare, Y. Sestayo, D. T. Grandmont, D. L. Xu, D. F. Cowen, P. Berghaus, B. Ruzybayev, S. R. Klein, J. Kiryluk, K. Clark, D. Bertrand, J. Eisch, S. Odrowski, Olga Botner, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, K. Helbing, A. H. Cruz Silva, M. Vehring, L. Köpke, D. R. Nygren, A. Schukraft, C. Finley, T. Schmidt, R. Morse, M. Scheel, H. G. Sander, Thomas K. Gaisser, S. Euler, Jenni Adams, T. Glüsenkamp, M. Vraeghe, K. Rawlins, Rasha Abbasi, S. Seunarine, G. Golup, Kael Hanson, K. D. Hoffman, K. Hoshina, Juanan Aguilar, P. Redl, J. Becker Tjus, A. Van Overloop, M. Dunkman, S. Hussain, O. Jlelati, A. Bernhard, E. Pinat, D. Grant, E. Jacobi, K. H. Becker, Jürgen Brunner, C. Sheremata, A. Homeier, L. Gladstone, Steven W. Barwick, K. Frantzen, C. Wendt, D. R. Williams, L. Gerhardt, A. Tepe, S. Flis, Carsten Rott, G. T. Przybylski, J. Van Santen, Ch Weaver, Hermann Kolanoski, J. P. Rodrigues, M. Zoll, M. Kowalski, A. Franckowiak, Markus Ackermann, S. Cohen, Alexander Kappes, A. Haj Ismail, K. Schatto, L. Paul, D. Ryckbosch, Teresa Montaruli, R. Reimann, M. Wellons, M. G. Aartsen, Dariusz Gora, J. Kunnen, R. C. Bay, J. Casey, J. Leute, J. G. Gonzalez, Thomas Meures, S. Ter-Antonyan, R. Eagan, H. Wissing, U. Naumann, R. W. Ellsworth, Elisa Bernardini, R. Bruijn, G. Tešić, Subir Sarkar, R. Hellauer, M. Baker, P. O. Hulth, B. Eberhardt, B. Christy, C. Kopper, Peter Mészáros, K. Mase, S. Kopper, H. S. Matis, Francis Halzen, E. Blaufuss, N. Kurahashi, S. Tilav, J. Posselt, Elisa Resconi, J. Berdermann, L. Mohrmann, T. Karg, C. H. Wiebusch, Allan Hallgren, A. Ishihara, G. Kohnen, G. C. Hill, Tyce DeYoung, A. R. Fazely, T. Waldenmaier, N. Whitehorn, S. Toscano, A. Olivas, S. Schoenen, T. Salameh, H. P. Bretz, M. W.E. Smith, D. Bindig, A. Karle, J. Kläs, A. Stasik, I. Taboada, M. Krasberg, L. Schulte, S. Böser, K. Woschnagg, G. Yodh, C. De Clercq, A. Schönwald, M. Rameez, L. Brayeur, S. Schöneberg, D. Heinen, J. Feintzeig, O. Schulz, G. S. Japaridze, Chun Xu, J. Jacobsen, A. Tamburro, L. Rädel, T. R. Wood, P. Hallen, M. Voge, M. Danninger, R. Hoffmann, Christian Spiering, D. Berley, S. M. Saba, J. C. Davis, M. Stamatikos, D. Altmann, J. P. Yanez, S. Westerhoff, C. Ha, and E. Middell
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, NEUTRINO TELESCOPES, Position (vector), SEARCH, 0103 physical sciences, Shadow, Angular resolution, ddc:530, ARRIVAL DIRECTIONS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, DETECTOR, Analysis method, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, ANISOTROPY, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, SUN, Astronomy, ANGULAR RESOLUTION, Earth's magnetic field, Deflection (physics), Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report on the observation of a significant deficit of cosmic rays from the direction of the Moon with the IceCube detector. The study of this "Moon shadow" is used to characterize the angular resolution and absolute pointing capabilities of the detector. The detection is based on data taken in two periods before the completion of the detector: between April 2008 and May 2009, when IceCube operated in a partial configuration with 40 detector strings deployed in the South Pole ice, and between May 2009 and May 2010 when the detector operated with 59 strings. Using two independent analysis methods, the Moon shadow has been observed to high significance (> 6 sigma) in both detector configurations. The observed location of the shadow center is within 0.2 degrees of its expected position when geomagnetic deflection effects are taken into account. This measurement validates the directional reconstruction capabilities of IceCube., Submitted to Physical Review D
Published: 2014
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16. Measurement of the Atmospheric ve flux in IceCube

Author: F. McNally, Christian Bohm, G. C. Hill, Gerald Przybylski, A. Zilles, M. Zoll, L. Mohrmann, L. Gladstone, D. Bindig, D. Seckel, S. Miarecki, M. Voge, R. Hellauer, S. Seunarine, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, P. A. Toale, P. Berghaus, J. Kläs, Ignacio Taboada, S. Flis, J. Dreyer, S. Euler, A. Tamburro, J. P. Rodrigues, Y. Abdou, T. Stezelberger, J. Kunnen, S. M. Saba, C. Walck, Damian Pieloth, J. Leute, S. Odrowski, J. van Santen, L. Köpke, J. Feintzeig, A. M. Brown, K. Schatto, D. Altmann, G. Kohnen, B. Ruzybayev, J. Auffenberg, F. Scheriau, Klas Hultqvist, A. Obertacke, J. Kiryluk, K. Rawlins, A. O'Murchadha, Axel Groß, A. Fedynitch, T. Fuchs, C. Finley, K. Mase, James Madsen, Aya Ishihara, P. Meszaros, Stijn Buitink, Segev BenZvi, M. Vraeghe, M. Merck, O. Fadiran, T. Schmidt, S. Böser, J. Blumenthal, Spencer Klein, M. Krasberg, J. J. Beatty, O. Schulz, F. Clevermann, C. Sheremata, S. Bohaichuk, Y. Sestayo, K. Beattie, Teresa Montaruli, S. Westerhoff, J. Eisch, V. Baum, H. Taavola, Olga Botner, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, Albrecht Karle, D. Soldin, H. Landsman, H. S. Matis, Kara Hoffman, S. Hussain, J. P. Yanez, E. Blaufuss, S. Panknin, K. Clark, J. C. Davis, T. R. Wood, D. J. Koskinen, A. H. Cruz Silva, M. Wellons, J. Posselt, A. Schönwald, A. Homeier, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, R. W. Ellsworth, Christian Spiering, Francis Halzen, J.-H. Köhne, H. Wissing, S. Yoshida, A. Stößl, A. Van Overloop, S. Schoenen, Dariusz Gora, G. W. Sullivan, K. Meagher, M. Dunkman, R. Ström, M. Wolf, S. C. Nowicki, C. Pfendner, P. Zarzhitsky, Reina H. Maruyama, L. Schulte, W. Huelsnitz, S. De Ridder, Wolfgang Rhode, D. J. Boersma, Christopher Wiebusch, L. Schönherr, E. Jacobi, D. Ryckbosch, Allan Hallgren, R. Morse, Dmitry Chirkin, K. Helbing, M. Labare, C. Kopper, G. Golup, Kael Hanson, Jürgen Brunner, D. Bose, Alexander Kappes, J. Daughhetee, K. Frantzen, T. Salameh, M. L. Benabderrahmane, S. Schöneberg, M. Casier, D. Berley, S. H. Seo, N. Milke, Steven W. Barwick, George Japaridze, C. De Clercq, R. Nahnhauer, S. Bechet, Donglian Xu, P. B. Price, J. Lünemann, O. Engdegård, J. Miller, Paolo Desiati, R. C. Bay, Juanan Aguilar, M. G. Aartsen, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, P. Redl, J. Becker Tjus, M. Olivo, T. Feusels, N. van Eijndhoven, R. Bruijn, Subir Sarkar, B. Christy, Markus Ackermann, S. Zierke, T. Karg, J. E. Jacobsen, L. Paul, B. Riedel, J. A. Pepper, A. Schukraft, Marcos Santander, M. J. Carson, P. Heimann, A. Stasik, T. Kuwabara, D. Heereman, L. Gerhardt, G. Kroll, B. Eberhardt, Elisa Resconi, Michael S. Bell, Kirill Filimonov, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, C. Ha, J. Berdermann, Todor Stanev, Jay Gallagher, Dawn Williams, M. J. Larson, M. W. E. Smith, D. Z. Besson, Darren Grant, M. Schmitz, K. Jero, Fabian Kislat, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, S. Kopper, R. Hoffmann, R. Franke, R. Eagan, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, M. Baker, A. Olivas, D. van der Drift, T. Ruhe, S. Cohen, M. Kowalski, T. Meures, R. Wasserman, H. G. Sander, B. Kaminsky, N. Whitehorn, Chris Wendt, L. Brayeur, A. Franckowiak, E. A. Strahler, Mike Richman, M. Soiron, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, Hermann Kolanoski, M. Ribordy, Rasha Abbasi, Ch. Weaver, J. Casey, Chun Xu, K. Hoshina, Jenni Adams, D. Heinen, Glenn Spiczak, U. Naumann, K. H. Becker, S. Hickford, R. G. Stokstad, T. Glüsenkamp, Carsten Rott, A. Goldschmidt, Dave Nygren, Michael Stamatikos, M. Bissok, P. O. Hulth, J. A. Goodman, T. Fischer-Wasels, Xianwu Xu, S. Toscano, J. Ziemann, C. Pérez de los Heros, N. Pirk, O. Jlelati, M. Scheel, S. Tilav, L. Rädel, K. Wiebe, A. Bernhard, J. L. Kelley, M. Wallraff, A. Haj Ismail, Markus Ahlers, M. Usner, Hans Niederhausen, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, D. Bertrand, T. Waldenmaier, M. Gurtner, M. Danninger, Xinhua Bai, N. Kurahashi, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, and Montaruli, Teresa
Subjects: DEEPCORE, Particle physics, AMANDA, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Physics and Astronomy, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, SEARCH, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:550, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, DETECTOR, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Solar neutrino problem, Cosmic neutrino background, Neutrino detector, Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino, NEUTRINO-INDUCED CASCADES, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report the first measurement of the atmospheric electron neutrino flux in the energy range between approximately 80 GeV and 6 TeV, using data recorded during the first year of operation of IceCube's DeepCore low energy extension. Techniques to identify neutrinos interacting within the DeepCore volume and veto muons originating outside the detector are demonstrated. A sample of 1029 events is observed in 281 days of data, of which 496 $\pm$ 66(stat.) $\pm$ 88(syst.) are estimated to be cascade events, including both electron neutrino and neutral current events. The rest of the sample includes residual backgrounds due to atmospheric muons and charged current interactions of atmospheric muon neutrinos. The flux of the atmospheric electron neutrinos is consistent with models of atmospheric neutrinos in this energy range. This constitutes the first observation of electron neutrinos and neutral current interactions in a very large volume neutrino telescope optimized for the TeV energy range., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures (accepted by PRL)
Published: 2013
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17. Search for Dark Matter Annihilations in the Sun with the 79-String IceCube Detector

Author: A. O'Murchadha, O. Engdegård, S. Hussain, D. J. Koskinen, Chris Wendt, Elisa Resconi, J. Berdermann, S. Schöneberg, Ignacio Taboada, A. Haj Ismail, J. Blumenthal, M. Wellons, Dariusz Gora, A. Goldschmidt, Peter Mészáros, M. Usner, Olga Botner, R. Bruijn, S. C. Nowicki, Allan Hallgren, C. Finley, K. Frantzen, B. Riedel, S. Schoenen, J. J. Beatty, L. Köpke, J. Auffenberg, A. Obertacke, Hans Niederhausen, M. Merck, A. Bernhard, M. Schmitz, K. Jero, W. Huelsnitz, S. Cohen, N. Kurahashi, K. Mase, Ch. Weaver, S. Bechet, K. Hoshina, J. A. Pepper, D. Heereman, A. Schukraft, O. Fadiran, Gerald Przybylski, H. S. Matis, A. Zilles, J. Posselt, M. Zoll, K. Rawlins, S. Böser, D. Bindig, M. W. E. Smith, K. Helbing, Mike Richman, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, P. Redl, E. A. Strahler, K. Schatto, G. Kohnen, A. Stößl, O. Jlelati, M. Scheel, S. Tilav, M. Krasberg, Glenn Spiczak, U. Naumann, K. H. Becker, Reina H. Maruyama, James Madsen, M. L. Benabderrahmane, M. Kowalski, T. Meures, Rasha Abbasi, R. W. Ellsworth, R. Nahnhauer, J. Miller, M. Vraeghe, Donglian Xu, P. B. Price, Hermann Kolanoski, L. Rädel, T. Ruhe, N. Whitehorn, C. De Clercq, O. Schulz, T. Waldenmaier, Juanan Aguilar, L. Brayeur, M. Soiron, D. Bertrand, J. Casey, Teresa Montaruli, B. Ruzybayev, M. Olivo, S. Yoshida, L. Schönherr, E. Jacobi, R. Ström, M. Wolf, Francis Halzen, P. Zarzhitsky, J. Becker Tjus, C. Pfendner, Christian Spiering, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, M. Ribordy, D. Z. Besson, Michael S. Bell, Kirill Filimonov, Markus Ackermann, B. Christy, M. Danninger, L. Paul, A. Tamburro, J. van Santen, A. Van Overloop, M. Casier, L. Schulte, L. Mohrmann, J. Eisch, V. Baum, J. Feintzeig, F. McNally, Christian Bohm, T. Schmidt, C. Pérez de los Heros, N. Pirk, T. Fischer-Wasels, Kael Hanson, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, S. Seunarine, M. J. Carson, Fabian Kislat, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, S. Kopper, M. Baker, J. Lünemann, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, H. G. Sander, Todor Stanev, Dawn Williams, M. Gurtner, Jenni Adams, K. Beattie, R. C. Bay, Steven W. Barwick, A. Franckowiak, G. C. Hill, Axel Groß, R. Hoffmann, L. Gladstone, F. Clevermann, R. Franke, D. Seckel, S. Miarecki, M. Voge, R. Eagan, H. Taavola, Kara Hoffman, A. H. Cruz Silva, J.-H. Köhne, H. Wissing, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, P. A. Toale, T. Feusels, Paolo Desiati, S. Bohaichuk, Y. Sestayo, M. Dunkman, S. Hickford, D. Soldin, C. Kopper, G. Golup, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, R. G. Stokstad, B. Eberhardt, Xinhua Bai, K. Wiebe, J. P. Yanez, N. van Eijndhoven, R. Morse, Wolfgang Rhode, J. E. Jacobsen, Marcos Santander, J. L. Kelley, E. Blaufuss, J. C. Davis, K. Clark, P. Berghaus, A. Homeier, T. Glüsenkamp, J. Kläs, M. Wallraff, Carsten Rott, Dave Nygren, Jürgen Brunner, P. Heimann, S. Euler, L. Gerhardt, Markus Ahlers, M. Bissok, D. Berley, M. G. Aartsen, J. Kunnen, Christopher Wiebusch, J. Daughhetee, B. Kaminsky, G. Kroll, J. Leute, S. Odrowski, F. Scheriau, Michael Stamatikos, Damian Pieloth, P. O. Hulth, Xianwu Xu, S. Toscano, A. M. Brown, J. A. Goodman, T. Fuchs, J. Ziemann, Albrecht Karle, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, A. Stasik, A. Schönwald, D. Ryckbosch, S. Zierke, G. W. Sullivan, K. Meagher, D. Heinen, S. H. Seo, Aya Ishihara, Darren Grant, Chun Xu, T. Salameh, S. De Ridder, C. Walck, D. Altmann, M. Labare, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, C. Ha, Stijn Buitink, C. Sheremata, S. Westerhoff, T. R. Wood, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, Dmitry Chirkin, D. Bose, Alexander Kappes, T. Karg, T. Kuwabara, Klas Hultqvist, J. Kiryluk, A. Fedynitch, J. P. Rodrigues, T. Stezelberger, S. M. Saba, R. Hellauer, S. Flis, J. Dreyer, Y. Abdou, Jay Gallagher, M. J. Larson, A. Olivas, D. van der Drift, R. Wasserman, H. Landsman, D. J. Boersma, Subir Sarkar, N. Milke, George Japaridze, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, Montaruli, Teresa, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, and Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Group
Subjects: Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, ddc:500.2, MASSIVE PARTICLES, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, IceCube, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), LIMITS, WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:550, 010306 general physics, Light dark matter, CANDIDATES, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, CONSTRAINTS, CAPTURE, NEUTRINOS, Physics and Astronomy, Neutrino detector, 13. Climate action, Weakly interacting massive particles, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Cryogenic Dark Matter Search, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We have performed a search for muon neutrinos from dark matter annihilation in the center of the Sun with the 79-string configuration of the IceCube neutrino telescope. For the first time, the DeepCore sub-array is included in the analysis, lowering the energy threshold and extending the search to the austral summer. The 317 days of data collected between June 2010 and May 2011 are consistent with the expected background from atmospheric muons and neutrinos. Upper limits are therefore set on the dark matter annihilation rate, with conversions to limits on spin-dependent and spin-independent WIMP-proton cross-sections for WIMP masses in the range 20 - 5000 GeV. These are the most stringent spin-dependent WIMP-proton cross-sections limits to date above 35 GeV., 7 pages, 3 figues
Published: 2013
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18. Measurement of South Pole ice transparency with the IceCube LED calibration system

Author: M. Labare, R. Bruijn, J. A. Pepper, D. Heereman, Ch. Weaver, F. McNally, K. Hoshina, Christian Bohm, Glenn Spiczak, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, B. Riedel, D. Z. Besson, Kara Hoffman, N. van Eijndhoven, U. Naumann, G. C. Hill, M. W. E. Smith, A. H. Cruz Silva, Klas Hultqvist, J. Kiryluk, K. H. Becker, Chun Xu, A. Fedynitch, J. Leute, S. Odrowski, F. Scheriau, T. Ruhe, A. O'Murchadha, N. Whitehorn, L. Brayeur, M. Wellons, L. Gladstone, H. G. Sander, Wolfgang Rhode, M. Soiron, D. Seckel, Dariusz Gora, S. Miarecki, T. Salameh, G. Kroll, L. Köpke, M. Voge, S. Hussain, K. Frantzen, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, D. J. Koskinen, K. Rawlins, P. A. Toale, S. Bechet, R. Hellauer, L. Schönherr, E. Jacobi, J. Eisch, V. Baum, C. De Clercq, J. Auffenberg, T. Feusels, Albrecht Karle, J. E. Jacobsen, E. A. Strahler, M. Dunkman, A. Schukraft, A. Obertacke, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, P. Redl, S. Flis, M. Casier, T. R. Wood, R. Morse, C. Pfendner, A. Goldschmidt, K. Mase, T. Glüsenkamp, Paul Evenson, M. Olivo, K. Schatto, Marcos Santander, P. Heimann, Carsten Rott, Dave Nygren, L. Gerhardt, A. Bernhard, A. Schönwald, S. Schöneberg, Y. Abdou, J. Lünemann, Markus Ackermann, L. Paul, M. Bissok, O. Fadiran, Dmitry Chirkin, Kael Hanson, G. Kohnen, D. Heinen, Hermann Kolanoski, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, K. Meagher, S. Cohen, Michael S. Bell, S. Böser, Kirill Filimonov, R. C. Bay, D. Bose, Alexander Kappes, J.-H. Köhne, H. Wissing, M. Ribordy, Xianwu Xu, S. Toscano, James Madsen, Steven W. Barwick, T. Karg, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Jay Gallagher, M. J. Larson, M. J. Carson, Aya Ishihara, P. Berghaus, J. Kläs, R. Nahnhauer, J. P. Rodrigues, Jenni Adams, S. Euler, J. Ziemann, B. Eberhardt, T. Kuwabara, S. C. Nowicki, Allan Hallgren, T. Stezelberger, S. M. Saba, T. Fischer-Wasels, J. Kunnen, Fabian Kislat, Paolo Desiati, J. Blumenthal, S. Hickford, C. Pérez de los Heros, M. Vraeghe, A. Olivas, D. van der Drift, N. Pirk, Damian Pieloth, R. G. Stokstad, B. Ruzybayev, H. Taavola, A. M. Brown, O. Schulz, Teresa Montaruli, T. Schmidt, Ignacio Taboada, Chris Wendt, J. Miller, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, C. Ha, T. Fuchs, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, S. Kopper, M. Baker, D. Ryckbosch, M. Krasberg, Peter Mészáros, E. Blaufuss, J. C. Davis, C. Finley, A. Franckowiak, R. Wasserman, H. Landsman, Juanan Aguilar, J. Becker Tjus, Olga Botner, M. G. Aartsen, Michael Stamatikos, H. S. Matis, P. O. Hulth, K. Wiebe, D. J. Boersma, A. Van Overloop, G. W. Sullivan, J. J. Beatty, B. Christy, S. H. Seo, J. A. Goodman, S. Yoshida, R. Ström, M. Schmitz, K. Jero, N. Kurahashi, M. Wolf, B. Kaminsky, Francis Halzen, P. Zarzhitsky, L. Mohrmann, J. Posselt, Mike Richman, J. Feintzeig, S. Schoenen, A. Stößl, Reina H. Maruyama, S. Seunarine, L. Schulte, W. Huelsnitz, Rasha Abbasi, O. Jlelati, A. Haj Ismail, C. Kopper, G. Golup, M. Scheel, S. Tilav, A. Homeier, Gerald Przybylski, L. Rädel, A. Zilles, M. Zoll, J. Casey, D. Bindig, F. Clevermann, S. Bohaichuk, Y. Sestayo, K. Helbing, M. Usner, Jürgen Brunner, Christopher Wiebusch, J. Daughhetee, D. Soldin, Todor Stanev, Dawn Williams, J. P. Yanez, K. Clark, A. Stasik, M. Kowalski, T. Meures, N. Milke, A. Tamburro, George Japaridze, J. van Santen, R. Hoffmann, Gary Binder, Axel Groß, R. Franke, R. Eagan, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, Elisa Resconi, J. Berdermann, Hans Niederhausen, D. Bertrand, M. Gurtner, Christian Spiering, Donglian Xu, P. B. Price, D. Berley, C. Walck, D. Altmann, Subir Sarkar, Stijn Buitink, C. Sheremata, S. Westerhoff, S. Zierke, Darren Grant, M. Merck, R. W. Ellsworth, J. L. Kelley, M. Wallraff, Markus Ahlers, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, T. Waldenmaier, M. Danninger, Xinhua Bai, S. De Ridder, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, Montaruli, Teresa, Physics, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, South Pole ice, Photon progagation, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, IceCube, Physics::Geophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, ddc:530, 14. Life underwater, 010306 general physics, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, Remote sensing, Physics, Optical properties, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Photon propagation, South Poleice, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Charged particle, Data set, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, approximately 1 km^3 in size, is now complete with 86 strings deployed in the Antarctic ice. IceCube detects the Cherenkov radiation emitted by charged particles passing through or created in the ice. To realize the full potential of the detector, the properties of light propagation in the ice in and around the detector must be well understood. This report presents a new method of fitting the model of light propagation in the ice to a data set of in-situ light source events collected with IceCube. The resulting set of derived parameters, namely the measured values of scattering and absorption coefficients vs. depth, is presented and a comparison of IceCube data with simulations based on the new model is shown. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, approximately 1km^3 in size, is now complete with 86 strings deployed in the Antarctic ice. IceCube detects the Cherenkov radiation emitted by charged particles passing through or created in the ice. To realize the full potential of the detector, the properties of light propagation in the ice in and around the detector must be well understood. This report presents a new method of fitting the model of light propagation in the ice to a data set of in situ light source events collected with IceCube. The resulting set of derived parameters, namely the measured values of scattering and absorption coefficients vs. depth, is presented and a comparison of IceCube data with simulations based on the new model is shown.
Published: 2013
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19. Cosmic ray composition and energy spectrum from 1–30 PeV using the 40-string configuration of IceTop and IceCube

Author: R. Bruijn, D. Heereman, Dariusz Gora, S. Odrowski, Larissa Paul, F. Scheriau, Albrecht Karle, A. Schönwald, K. Meagher, Timo Karg, J. Feintzeig, S. Schoenen, Thorsten Glusenkamp, M. W. E. Smith, K. Rawlins, A. Homeier, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, D. J. Boersma, W. Huelsnitz, M. Stamatikos, Joshua Pepper, Anatoli Fedynitch, K. Hoshina, Christopher Wiebusch, M. Krasberg, James Madsen, K. Beattie, Frank McNally, E. Middell, J. Daughhetee, J. P. Rodrigues, T. Stezelberger, Elisa Bernardini, J.-H. Köhne, H. Wissing, K. Helbing, Glenn Spiczak, L. Brayeur, M. Soiron, J. Auffenberg, M. Labare, M. Ribordy, S. M. Saba, O. Schulz, Teresa Montaruli, S. Yoshida, Daniel Bindig, A. Goldschmidt, J. van Santen, T. Feusels, I. Taboada, S. Flis, D. Z. Besson, Matthias Wolf, A. Olivas, D. R. Nygren, D. van der Drift, T. Salameh, N. van Eijndhoven, Jürgen Brunner, C. Kopper, J. Kiryluk, Naoko Kurahashi, D. Bertrand, S. Seunarine, U. Naumann, J. E. Jacobsen, Benedikt Riedel, Axel Groß, Marcos Santander, P. Heimann, Carsten Rott, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, D. Rutledge, Nathan Whitehorn, A. Stasik, Gerald Przybylski, A. Zilles, R. Wasserman, A. Obertacke, M. Zoll, K. Mase, R. Hellauer, M. L. Benabderrahmane, M. Schmitz, O. Jlelati, Donglian Xu, H. Landsman, L. Gerhardt, L. Schulte, Ch. Weaver, J. K. Becker, J. A. Goodman, M. Scheel, M. Wallraff, M. Voge, G. Kroll, J. Miller, Karen Andeen, Chad Finley, S. Tilav, Tim Ruhe, M. Walter, B. Ruzybayev, M. Gurtner, M. Bissok, S. Bechet, Juanan Aguilar, Jenni Adams, Takao Kuwabara, Subir Sarkar, J. Blumenthal, B. Christy, Seth M. Cohen, K.-H. Becker, J. C. Gallagher, S. Panknin, S. Hussain, A. Ishihara, S. Hickford, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, P. Redl, Matt Dunkman, J. Dreyer, R. G. Stokstad, Thomas Meures, T. Fischer-Wasels, Dennis Soldin, Xianwu Xu, H. Taavola, Allan Hallgren, D. J. Koskinen, S. H. Seo, R. Nahnhauer, M. Olivo, A. Van Overloop, Aongus O'Murchadha, E. Blaufuss, J. C. Davis, M. Merck, A. Schukraft, K. Laihem, Sandro Kopper, L. Schönherr, E. Jacobi, Y. Abdou, H. G. Sander, C. Bohm, Kael Hanson, Olga Botner, L. Mohrmann, N. Milke, George Japaridze, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, M. Casier, Dirk Ryckbosch, O. Engdegård, T. Fuchs, Rasha Abbasi, Michael J. Baker, Michael S. Bell, Kirill Filimonov, J. Lünemann, S. Schöneberg, L. Gladstone, Dirk Heinen, D. Seckel, Elisa Resconi, V. Baum, Paolo Desiati, J. Berdermann, J. Casey, S. Miarecki, P. Berghaus, J. Kläs, Chun Xu, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, P. A. Toale, L. Rädel, J. Ziemann, C. Pérez de los Heros, Simona Toscano, R. C. Bay, S. M. Movit, N. Pirk, R. Ström, S. Euler, R. W. Ellsworth, J. Kunnen, E. A. Strahler, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, Damian Pieloth, Henrik J. Johansson, A. M. Brown, J. J. Beatty, M. J. Larson, Hermann Kolanoski, K. Wiebe, L. Köpke, J. Posselt, Fabian Kislat, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, Kara Hoffman, K. Schatto, A. Stößl, G. Kohnen, A. H. Cruz Silva, Reina H. Maruyama, Wolfgang Rhode, R. Morse, H. S. Matis, A. Franckowiak, Francis Halzen, P. Zarzhitsky, O. Fadiran, D. Altmann, Peter Mészáros, Stijn Buitink, S. Westerhoff, Christian Spiering, F. Rothmaier, K. Hultqvist, Darren Grant, Sarah Nowicki, Markus Ahlers, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Jon Dumm, T. Waldenmaier, M. Kowalski, M. Danninger, Xinhua Bai, Todor Stanev, C. Wendt, F. Descamps, R. Hoffmann, R. Franke, C. Walck, R. Eagan, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, M. Richman, R. J. Lauer, C. De Clercq, S. Böser, David A. Williams, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, A. Tamburro, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, C. Ha, P. B. Price, T. O. B. Schmidt, T. R. Wood, K. Frantzen, F. Clevermann, Y. Sestayo, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, J. P. Yanez, G. W. Sullivan, Dmitry Chirkin, D. Bose, Alexander Kappes, A. Haj Ismail, M. Usner, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, Montaruli, Teresa, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, and Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Group
Subjects: Knee region, Astrophysics, Tracking (particle physics), 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, IceCube, TRACKING, WATER, Cherenkov, Neutrino energy, NEUTRINO TELESCOPE, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, SEA, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, LIGHT, Composition, Cosmic rays, Energy spectrum, IceTop, ddc:540, PARTICLE IDENTIFICATION, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, IceCube detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, ddc:500.2, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, SEARCHES, Acceleration, cosmic rays, dE/dx, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, DETECTOR, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, Truncated mean, Muon energy, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Physics and Astronomy, composition, Energy Spectrum, TEV
Abstract: Astroparticle physics 42, 15 - 32 (2013). doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.11.003, The mass composition of high energy cosmic rays depends on their production, acceleration, and propagation. The study of cosmic ray composition can therefore reveal hints of the origin of these particles. At the South Pole, the IceCube Neutrino Observatory is capable of measuring two components of cosmic ray air showers in coincidence: the electromagnetic component at high altitude (2835 m) using the IceTop surface array, and the muonic component above ∼1 TeV using the IceCube array. This unique detector arrangement provides an opportunity for precision measurements of the cosmic ray energy spectrum and composition in the region of the knee and beyond. We present the results of a neural network analysis technique to study the cosmic ray composition and the energy spectrum from 1 PeV to 30 PeV using data recorded using the 40-string/40-station configuration of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory., Published by Elsevier Science, Amsterdam [u.a.]
Published: 2013
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20. First Observation of PeV-Energy Neutrinos with IceCube

Author: K. Hoshina, Glenn Spiczak, J. Becker Tjus, U. Naumann, Mohamed Rameez, R. Bruijn, K. H. Becker, Matthias Vraeghe, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, M. Wellons, Dariusz Gora, S. Zierke, P. Hallen, Darren Grant, Sarah Nowicki, Joshua Pepper, Christian Bohm, G. C. Hill, Michael J. Baker, L. Gladstone, Dirk Heinen, D. Seckel, S. Miarecki, Timo Karg, T. Feusels, J. E. Jacobsen, Marcos Santander, L. Gerhardt, B. Kaminsky, M. J. Carson, Fabian Kislat, Jay Gallagher, M. J. Larson, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, H.-P. Bretz, Chris Wendt, Frank McNally, C. Kopper, G. Golup, A. Franckowiak, Naoko Kurahashi, D. Bertrand, J.-H. Köhne, H. Wissing, J. Auffenberg, Daniel Bindig, D. Heereman, Jürgen Brunner, D. Z. Besson, J. Leute, S. Odrowski, Larissa Paul, F. Scheriau, Carsten Rott, Dave Nygren, M. Bissok, M. Leuermann, K. Krings, Allan Hallgren, Sandro Kopper, Nathan Whitehorn, P. Berghaus, J. Kläs, S. Euler, J. Kunnen, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, M. Ribordy, A. Olivas, D. van der Drift, M. Wallraff, M. Voge, M. Gurtner, A. Bernhard, Xianwu Xu, S. De Ridder, Damian Pieloth, A. M. Brown, K. Schatto, G. Kohnen, R. Wasserman, Benedikt Riedel, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, A. Stasik, Albrecht Karle, J. Ziemann, P. A. Toale, N. Milke, George Japaridze, L. Köpke, K. Rawlins, Aya Ishihara, M. Richman, S. Bechet, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, P. Redl, G. Tešić, A. Schönwald, M. L. Benabderrahmane, R. Nahnhauer, M. W. E. Smith, M. Labare, Javier Gonzalez, E. A. Strahler, J. J. Beatty, M. Olivo, Ch. Weaver, J. Blumenthal, K. Meagher, Jenni Adams, C. De Clercq, James Madsen, L. Mohrmann, L. Brayeur, M. Soiron, Michael S. Bell, Kirill Filimonov, H. S. Matis, J. Miller, Christian Spiering, A. Homeier, S. Böser, Segev BenZvi, Olga Botner, Spencer Klein, R. Hellauer, S. Flis, Hermann Kolanoski, Chad Finley, Elisa Resconi, Juanan Aguilar, V. Baum, J. Berdermann, Matt Dunkman, Markus Ackermann, Kara Hoffman, M. G. Aartsen, A. H. Cruz Silva, S. Hickford, J. Posselt, C. Pérez de los Heros, N. Pirk, O. Schulz, T. Fischer-Wasels, Teresa Montaruli, Tim Ruhe, A. Van Overloop, Christopher Wiebusch, R. G. Stokstad, Takao Kuwabara, D. Berley, Rasha Abbasi, J. Daughhetee, H. Landsman, Wolfgang Rhode, Todor Stanev, J. L. Kelley, Dawn Williams, Anatoli Fedynitch, Dennis Soldin, J. Casey, H. Taavola, Markus Ahlers, B. Christy, Seth M. Cohen, A. Schukraft, A. Stößl, A. Haj Ismail, K. Jero, E. Blaufuss, D. J. Boersma, J. C. Davis, C. Walck, D. Altmann, S. Seunarine, Francis Halzen, R. Hoffmann, K. Jagielski, P. Zarzhitsky, Matthias Wolf, Reina H. Maruyama, M. Usner, Gerald Przybylski, A. Zilles, R. Franke, M. Zoll, Dirk Ryckbosch, K. Wiebe, R. Eagan, C. Sheremata, G. W. Sullivan, M. Schmitz, S. Westerhoff, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, O. Fadiran, Y. Abdou, Michael Stamatikos, B. Ruzybayev, J. A. Goodman, A. Christov, Hans Niederhausen, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Ignacio Taboada, A. Goldschmidt, Thomas Meures, A. Tamburro, Peter Mészáros, T. Waldenmaier, M. Merck, M. Kowalski, J. P. Rodrigues, T. Stezelberger, S. M. Saba, J. van Santen, M. Danninger, Klas Hultqvist, J. Kiryluk, Gary Binder, Axel Groß, O. Jlelati, K. Frantzen, E. Pinat, M. Scheel, F. Clevermann, S. Tilav, Xinhua Bai, S. Bohaichuk, Y. Sestayo, Simona Toscano, L. Rädel, R. W. Ellsworth, Donglian Xu, J. P. Yanez, B. Eberhardt, E. Jacobi, K. Clark, M. Casier, Subir Sarkar, J. Lünemann, R. C. Bay, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, C. Ha, P. B. Price, T. O. B. Schmidt, T. R. Wood, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, Dmitry Chirkin, D. Bose, Alexander Kappes, M. Krasberg, S. Yoshida, N. van Eijndhoven, G. Kroll, R. Morse, C. Pfendner, T. Salameh, Kael Hanson, T. Fuchs, Steven W. Barwick, Paolo Desiati, H. G. Sander, Chun Xu, A. Obertacke, R. Ström, L. Schulte, S. Schoenen, Thorsten Glusenkamp, W. Huelsnitz, K. Helbing, K. Mase, René Reimann, A. O'Murchadha, S. Hussain, D. J. Koskinen, S. Coenders, S. Schöneberg, J. Feintzeig, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, Christov, Asen, Montaruli, Teresa, and Rameez, Mohamed
Subjects: SELECTION, Particle physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), ATMOSPHERIC MUON, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Cosmic ray, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, CHARM, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:550, SCATTERING, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Charged current, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, SPECTRUM, Neutral current, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, ICE, Glashow resonance, PERFORMANCE, 3. Good health, Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, SYSTEM, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Bar (unit)
Abstract: We report on the observation of two neutrino-induced events which have an estimated deposited energy in the IceCube detector of 1.04 $\pm$ 0.16 and 1.14 $\pm$ 0.17 PeV, respectively, the highest neutrino energies observed so far. These events are consistent with fully contained particle showers induced by neutral-current $\nu_{e,\mu,\tau}$ ($\bar\nu_{e,\mu,\tau}$) or charged-current $\nu_{e}$ ($\bar\nu_{e}$) interactions within the IceCube detector. The events were discovered in a search for ultra-high energy neutrinos using data corresponding to 615.9 days effective livetime. The expected number of atmospheric background is $0.082 \pm 0.004 \text{(stat)}^{+0.041}_{-0.057} \text{(syst)}$. The probability to observe two or more candidate events under the atmospheric background-only hypothesis is $2.9\times10^{-3}$ ($2.8\sigma$) taking into account the uncertainty on the expected number of background events. These two events could be a first indication of an astrophysical neutrino flux, the moderate significance, however, does not permit a definitive conclusion at this time., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Published: 2013
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21. Search for relativistic magnetic monopoles with IceCube

Author: A. O'Murchadha, J. J. Beatty, S. Hussain, D. J. Koskinen, K. Hoshina, Glenn Spiczak, K. Rawlins, U. Naumann, S. Schöneberg, L. Rädel, R. Ström, M. W. E. Smith, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, James Madsen, J. Becker Tjus, N. van Eijndhoven, Fabian Kislat, S. Odrowski, Larissa Paul, J. Posselt, F. Scheriau, A. Franckowiak, Donglian Xu, Timo Karg, J. Feintzeig, A. Stößl, J. C. Gallagher, Reina H. Maruyama, Frank McNally, D. Z. Besson, A. Tamburro, O. Jlelati, L. Schönherr, E. Jacobi, M. Scheel, M. Soiron, Jon Dumm, T. Waldenmaier, T. Feusels, O. Schulz, M. Labare, Allan Hallgren, S. Tilav, G. Kroll, Todor Stanev, R. Hellauer, Teresa Montaruli, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, Sandro Kopper, C. Ha, C. Wendt, M. Kowalski, I. Taboada, J. E. Jacobsen, J. A. Goodman, N. Milke, George Japaridze, A. Homeier, H. Landsman, Nathan Whitehorn, J. Lünemann, K. Beattie, P. B. Price, Marcos Santander, M. Danninger, M. Krasberg, R. C. Bay, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, R. Hoffmann, R. Franke, P. Heimann, O. Engdegård, H. G. Sander, T. O. B. Schmidt, T. R. Wood, L. Gerhardt, S. Flis, C. Walck, R. Eagan, Christopher Wiebusch, Dariusz Gora, J. Daughhetee, J. van Santen, K.-H. Becker, Matt Dunkman, T. Fischer-Wasels, A. Schukraft, K. Schatto, G. Kohnen, S. Seunarine, K. Laihem, Ch. Weaver, Elisa Resconi, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, J. Berdermann, Chun Xu, L. Schulte, F. Rothmaier, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, M. Richman, J. Kunnen, Axel Groß, Rasha Abbasi, Albrecht Karle, Karen Andeen, D. R. Nygren, J. Dreyer, Dirk Ryckbosch, S. Yoshida, R. J. Lauer, K. Hultqvist, Dmitry Chirkin, Joshua Pepper, Peter Mészáros, C. Pérez de los Heros, M. Casier, Chad Finley, A. Schönwald, J. Casey, M. Schmitz, Y. Abdou, C. De Clercq, Xinhua Bai, Alexander Kappes, Darren Grant, M. Stamatikos, S. Böser, E. Middell, C. Kopper, Matthias Wolf, N. Pirk, A. Haj Ismail, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, David A. Williams, Kael Hanson, Markus Ahlers, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, Elisa Bernardini, M. Ribordy, M. Usner, R. Nahnhauer, A. Obertacke, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, T. Fuchs, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, K. Meagher, Tim Ruhe, Stijn Buitink, M. Walter, A. Van Overloop, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Jenni Adams, Sarah Nowicki, K. Mase, L. Mohrmann, J. Kiryluk, A. Goldschmidt, Gerald Przybylski, R. Bruijn, Paolo Desiati, Michael J. Baker, J.-H. Köhne, H. Wissing, J. Auffenberg, A. Zilles, M. Zoll, S. Hickford, S. H. Seo, L. Brayeur, Anatoli Fedynitch, D. Heereman, Daniel Bindig, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, R. G. Stokstad, Juanan Aguilar, Takao Kuwabara, F. Descamps, S. Panknin, L. Gladstone, Dirk Heinen, R. Morse, D. Seckel, Christian Spiering, Jürgen Brunner, B. Christy, Seth M. Cohen, A. Ishihara, T. Salameh, J. Blumenthal, Naoko Kurahashi, D. Bertrand, D. Bose, K. Frantzen, S. Miarecki, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, K. Wiebe, Benedikt Riedel, A. Stasik, E. A. Strahler, F. Clevermann, J. P. Rodrigues, P. A. Toale, Carsten Rott, Y. Sestayo, T. Stezelberger, M. Wallraff, M. Voge, M. Gurtner, S. M. Saba, Olga Botner, H. S. Matis, J. Miller, Hermann Kolanoski, V. Baum, J. P. Yanez, M. Bissok, Francis Halzen, P. Zarzhitsky, Xianwu Xu, G. W. Sullivan, O. Fadiran, C. Bohm, M. J. Larson, B. Ruzybayev, A. Olivas, D. van der Drift, J. Ziemann, D. Altmann, R. Wasserman, S. Westerhoff, S. Schoenen, Thorsten Glusenkamp, W. Huelsnitz, K. Helbing, S. Bechet, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, P. Redl, M. Olivo, Dennis Soldin, H. Taavola, Michael S. Bell, E. Blaufuss, J. C. Davis, Kirill Filimonov, Segev BenZvi, S. M. Movit, Spencer Klein, Kara Hoffman, A. H. Cruz Silva, Subir Sarkar, Wolfgang Rhode, D. J. Boersma, P. Berghaus, J. Kläs, S. Euler, Thomas Meures, Damian Pieloth, A. M. Brown, M. Merck, L. Köpke, Simona Toscano, R. W. Ellsworth, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Group, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, and Montaruli, Teresa
Subjects: FLUX, SELECTION, AMANDA, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Proton decay, Cherenkov detector, Physics beyond the Standard Model, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Magnetic monopole, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, Physics::Geophysics, IceCube, law, 0103 physical sciences, Grand Unified Theory, ddc:530, NEUTRINO TELESCOPE, 010306 general physics, Cherenkov radiation, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FIELDS, 85-05, Physics and Astronomy, Neutrino detector, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present the first results in the search for relativistic magnetic monopoles with the IceCube detector, a subsurface neutrino telescope located in the South Polar ice cap containing a volume of 1 km$^{3}$. This analysis searches data taken on the partially completed detector during 2007 when roughly 0.2 km$^{3}$ of ice was instrumented. The lack of candidate events leads to an upper limit on the flux of relativistic magnetic monopoles of $\Phi_{\mathrm{90%C.L.}}\sim 3\e{-18}\fluxunits$ for $\beta\geq0.8$. This is a factor of 4 improvement over the previous best experimental flux limits up to a Lorentz boost $\gamma$ below $10^{7}$. This result is then interpreted for a wide range of mass and kinetic energy values., Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures. v2 is minor text edits, no changes to result
Published: 2013
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22. South Pole glacial climate reconstruction from multi-borehole laser particulate stratigraphy

Author: M. Stamatikos, D. Altmann, X. W. Xu, M. Wallraff, D. Heereman, J. P. Yanez, Thomas Meures, F. Scheriau, M. Casier, C. De Clercq, S. Westerhoff, A. Schönwald, C. Ha, E. Middell, J. Leute, M. Schmitz, M. Rameez, D. Seckel, D. Bertrand, M. Vehring, M. Krasberg, S. Miarecki, K. Rawlins, S. Flis, R. Eagan, H. Wissing, Teresa Montaruli, D. Tosi, W. Huelsnitz, R. Hoffmann, J. Eisch, S. Odrowski, J. Madsen, Christian Spiering, T. Fischer-Wasels, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, D. van der Drift, S. C. Nowicki, D. Grant, L. Brayeur, C. Wendt, S. R. Klein, R. Bruijn, L. Gladstone, S. Böser, J. Miller, K. Mase, K. Wiebe, S. Kopper, U. Naumann, A. Christov, J. Jacobsen, N. Pirk, A. Obertacke, K. Helbing, H. Taavola, T. Fuchs, D. Soldin, T. Stezelberger, J. Daughhetee, D. Berley, R. Hellauer, J. J. Beatty, M. Baker, P. A. Evenson, V. Baum, S. M. Saba, H. S. Matis, M. Labare, K. Jagielski, S. Zierke, M. Usner, M. L. Benabderrahmane, S. Bohaichuk, J. L. Kelley, J. A. Goodman, S. Cohen, J. Cherwinka, J. C. Davis, J. Lünemann, R. Wasserman, G. M. Spiczak, M. J. Carson, H. Landsman, Marcos Santander, A. Fedynitch, K. Krings, Y. Sestayo, M. Gurtner, S. Yoshida, C. Pfendner, P. Desiati, Markus Ahlers, J. Kläs, M. Wellons, Dariusz Gora, M. Bissok, A. Stößl, T. Salameh, G. W. Sullivan, P. B. Price, A. H. Cruz Silva, Francis Halzen, T. Feusels, A. Stasik, I. Taboada, A. Zilles, R. Reimann, Reina H. Maruyama, E. Blaufuss, Segev BenZvi, T. R. Wood, P. Hallen, M. Voge, M. Richman, L. Mohrmann, L. Paul, N. Kurahashi, R. W. Ellsworth, A. M. Brown, K. Hultqvist, C. Walck, B. Riedel, B. Kaminsky, C. Bohm, M. Danninger, C. Pérez De Los Heros, D. F. Cowen, K. Jero, Fabian Kislat, Juanan Aguilar, J. S. Gallagher, K. Meagher, P. Redl, J. Becker Tjus, T. Kuwabara, D. Bindig, K. Filimonov, M. Merck, Kael Hanson, A. O'Murchadha, T. Karg, M. Ribordy, K. D. Hoffman, A. Karle, S. Hussain, G. Kroll, N. Milke, P. Zarzhitsky, X. Bai, L. Schulte, D. R. Nygren, M. Leuermann, E. Pinat, E. Jacobi, B. Eberhardt, Jürgen Brunner, J. Auffenberg, C. H. Wiebusch, Steven W. Barwick, M. Wolf, Elisa Bernardini, A. Groß, L. Gerhardt, E. A. Strahler, K. Woschnagg, G. Yodh, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, D. Z. Besson, G. T. Przybylski, F. McNally, B. Christy, N. Van Eijndhoven, R. Morse, Jenni Adams, M. Zoll, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Van Overloop, M. Scheel, D. R. Williams, H. Niederhausen, J. Blumenthal, M. Vraeghe, M. Dunkman, R. C. Bay, J. Casey, H. P. Bretz, Wolfgang Rhode, Olga Botner, G. Binder, C. Sheremata, Allan Hallgren, M. Soiron, A. Schukraft, M. W.E. Smith, K. Frantzen, D. J. Boersma, A. Tamburro, S. Schöneberg, D. Heinen, R. Ström, Alexander Kappes, Stephanie Hickford, K. Schatto, D. Ryckbosch, G. Golup, A. R. Fazely, D. Pieloth, A. Ishihara, D. L. Xu, K. H. Becker, L. Köpke, S. Bechet, S. Ter-Antonyan, Hermann Kolanoski, B. Ruzybayev, L. Rädel, T. Waldenmaier, O. Jlelati, A. Bernhard, P. A. Toale, N. Whitehorn, J. H. Köhne, S. Toscano, C. Finley, T. Schmidt, J. Feintzeig, O. Schulz, G. S. Japaridze, O. Fadiran, M. Olivo, D. J. Koskinen, A. Haj Ismail, Chun Xu, K. Hoshina, J. Kiryluk, G. Kohnen, A. Olivas, S. Schoenen, P. Meszaros, Carsten Rott, D. Chirkin, J. Ziemann, Michael S. Bell, S. Coenders, J. Van Santen, M. G. Aartsen, K. Clark, J. P. Rodrigues, P. Berghaus, T. De Young, G. C. Hill, D. Bose, P. O. Hulth, F. Clevermann, Rasha Abbasi, J. Kunnen, T. Ruhe, S. De Ridder, R. Nahnhauer, A. Homeier, M. J. Larson, S. Tilav, J. Posselt, Elisa Resconi, J. Berdermann, J. G. Gonzalez, R. G. Stokstad, S. Seunarine, Ch Weaver, A. Goldschmidt, M. Kowalski, A. Franckowiak, Markus Ackermann, G. Tešić, Todor Stanev, J. A. Pepper, R. Franke, H. G. Sander, Thomas K. Gaisser, S. Euler, Y. Abdou, Subir Sarkar, C. Kopper, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, Christov, Asen, Montaruli, Teresa, Rameez, Mohamed, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, and Vriendenkring VUB
Subjects: EPICA-DOME-C, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, DEEP ICE, Borehole, Antarctic ice sheet, DUST, ddc:500.2, ANTARCTIC ICE-SHEET, 01 natural sciences, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, IceCube, Paleontology, 0103 physical sciences, Paleoclimatology, ddc:550, CORE, Glacial period, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, SIPLE DOME, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, EAST ANTARCTICA, VOLCANIC WINTER, VOSTOK, OPTICAL-PROPERTIES, Stratigraphy, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Radiometric dating, Ice sheet, physics, Geology
Abstract: The IceCube Neutrino Observatory and its prototype, AMANDA, were built in South Pole ice, using powerful hot-water drills to cleanly bore>100 holes to depths up to 2500 m. The construction of these particle physics detectors provided a unique opportunity to examine the deep ice sheet using a variety of novel techniques. We made high-resolution particulate profiles with a laser dust logger in eight of the boreholes during detector commissioning between 2004 and 2010. The South Pole laser logs are among the most clearly resolved measurements of Antarctic dust strata during the last glacial period and can be used to reconstruct paleoclimate records in exceptional detail. Here we use manual and algorithmic matching to synthesize our South Pole measurements with ice-core and logging data from Dome C, East Antarctica. We derive impurity concentration, precision chronology, annual-layer thickness, local spatial variability, and identify several widespread volcanic ash depositions useful for dating. We also examine the interval around ∼74 ka recently isolated with radiometric dating to bracket the Toba (Sumatra) supereruption.
Published: 2013
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23. Search for Galactic PeV gamma rays with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Author: S. Hussain, M. J. Larson, D. J. Koskinen, Naoko Kurahashi, D. Bertrand, C. Walck, A. Olivas, S. Schöneberg, D. van der Drift, O. Jlelati, D. Altmann, M. W. E. Smith, M. Wallraff, M. Voge, K. Rawlins, R. Wasserman, M. Gurtner, P. Berghaus, Thomas Meures, T. Salameh, J. Kläs, A. Haj Ismail, M. Usner, M. Scheel, S. Tilav, L. Brayeur, M. Soiron, James Madsen, D. Z. Besson, Stijn Buitink, S. Euler, J. Kunnen, C. Sheremata, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, Rasha Abbasi, J. Kiryluk, M. Merck, L. Rädel, O. Schulz, S. Westerhoff, Damian Pieloth, S. Flis, M. Krasberg, A. M. Brown, L. Schönherr, E. Jacobi, Teresa Montaruli, Timo Karg, J. Casey, E. A. Strahler, R. Ström, Nathan Whitehorn, J. Blumenthal, T. Fuchs, J. Becker Tjus, Fabian Kislat, Hermann Kolanoski, M. Casier, Matthias Vraeghe, Ch. Weaver, L. Schulte, J. Eisch, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, Dariusz Gora, C. Pérez de los Heros, T. Feusels, N. Pirk, S. Zierke, K. Frantzen, H. Landsman, Tim Ruhe, M. Walter, S. Bechet, Matt Dunkman, T. Fischer-Wasels, R. Hellauer, J.-H. Köhne, H. Wissing, J. E. Jacobsen, Marcos Santander, P. Heimann, F. Rothmaier, Chad Finley, A. Franckowiak, M. G. Aartsen, H. S. Matis, Olga Botner, J. Lünemann, L. Gerhardt, J. Auffenberg, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, P. Redl, S. Seunarine, M. Olivo, S. Yoshida, S. Schoenen, K. Hultqvist, J. Dreyer, V. Baum, M. Richman, A. Schukraft, J. C. Gallagher, Daniel Bindig, Jürgen Brunner, R. Morse, Karen Andeen, S. H. Seo, K. Hoshina, Joshua Pepper, Y. Abdou, Benedikt Riedel, Dirk Ryckbosch, Simona Toscano, Darren Grant, Sarah Nowicki, Glenn Spiczak, R. J. Lauer, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, Francis Halzen, P. Zarzhitsky, C. De Clercq, A. Stasik, Michael S. Bell, Kirill Filimonov, M. Stamatikos, S. Böser, David A. Williams, Allan Hallgren, M. Ribordy, Thorsten Glusenkamp, U. Naumann, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, R. Nahnhauer, Christian Spiering, K. H. Becker, Markus Ackermann, Sandro Kopper, O. Fadiran, K. Wiebe, K. Mase, R. W. Ellsworth, M. Schmitz, L. Mohrmann, Kara Hoffman, Chun Xu, Todor Stanev, C. Wendt, Matthias Wolf, R. C. Bay, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, J. van Santen, R. Bruijn, D. Heereman, Carsten Rott, Dave Nygren, Gerald Przybylski, Kael Hanson, A. Goldschmidt, A. H. Cruz Silva, A. Zilles, M. Zoll, Anatoli Fedynitch, M. Bissok, R. Hoffmann, P. O. Hulth, Axel Groß, J. A. Goodman, R. Franke, Xianwu Xu, W. Huelsnitz, M. Kowalski, Wolfgang Rhode, Steven W. Barwick, S. Odrowski, Larissa Paul, F. Scheriau, R. Eagan, H. G. Sander, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, C. Bohm, N. Milke, George Japaridze, Frank McNally, Jenni Adams, F. Clevermann, O. Engdegård, S. Bohaichuk, Y. Sestayo, J. Ziemann, J. P. Yanez, Albrecht Karle, J. P. Rodrigues, Elisa Resconi, T. Stezelberger, S. M. Saba, J. Berdermann, K. Helbing, S. Hickford, K. Clark, R. G. Stokstad, K. Schatto, G. Kohnen, G. W. Sullivan, Paolo Desiati, Donglian Xu, A. Schönwald, J. J. Beatty, S. Panknin, P. B. Price, Ignacio Taboada, K. Meagher, N. van Eijndhoven, Peter Mészáros, J. Posselt, T. Schmidt, A. Stößl, Subir Sarkar, L. Köpke, Reina H. Maruyama, A. Obertacke, G. Kroll, J. Feintzeig, K. Beattie, C. Kopper, G. Golup, M. L. Benabderrahmane, J. Miller, Juanan Aguilar, Takao Kuwabara, B. Christy, Seth M. Cohen, A. Ishihara, A. Homeier, Christopher Wiebusch, J. Daughhetee, Markus Ahlers, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Michael J. Baker, F. Descamps, Dennis Soldin, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, T. R. Wood, L. Gladstone, Dirk Heinen, D. Seckel, S. Miarecki, H. Taavola, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, E. Blaufuss, D. J. Boersma, J. C. Davis, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, Jon Dumm, Dmitry Chirkin, P. A. Toale, T. Waldenmaier, D. Bose, Alexander Kappes, S. De Ridder, M. Danninger, A. Van Overloop, M. Labare, Xinhua Bai, B. Ruzybayev, A. Tamburro, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, C. Ha, A. O'Murchadha, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, Montaruli, Teresa, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, and KVI - Center for Advanced Radiation Technology
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, TELESCOPE, Point source, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, IceCube, HESS, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, MILAGRO, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Muon, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, PLANE, Galactic plane, Air shower, Physics and Astronomy, 13. Climate action, DISCOVERY, Milagro, MOLECULAR CLOUDS, TEV, RADIATION, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, EMISSION
Abstract: Gamma-ray induced air showers are notable for their lack of muons, compared to hadronic showers. Hence, air shower arrays with large underground muon detectors can select a sample greatly enriched in photon showers by rejecting showers containing muons. IceCube is sensitive to muons with energies above ~500 GeV at the surface, which provides an efficient veto system for hadronic air showers with energies above 1 PeV. One year of data from the 40-string IceCube configuration was used to perform a search for point sources and a Galactic diffuse signal. No sources were found, resulting in a 90% C.L. upper limit on the ratio of gamma rays to cosmic rays of 1.2 x 10^(-3)for the flux coming from the Galactic Plane region (-80 deg < l < -30 deg; -10 deg < b < 5 deg) in the energy range 1.2 - 6.0 PeV. In the same energy range, point source fluxes with E^(-2) spectra have been excluded at a level of (E/TeV)^2 d��/dE ~ 10^(-12)-10^(-11) cm^2/s/TeV depending on source declination. The complete IceCube detector will have a better sensitivity, due to the larger detector size, improved reconstruction and vetoing techniques. Preliminary data from the nearly-final IceCube detector configuration has been used to estimate the 5 year sensitivity of the full detector. It is found to be more than an order of magnitude better, allowing the search for PeV extensions of known TeV gamma-ray emitters., submitted to PRD, 15 pages, 15 figures
Published: 2013
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24. IceTop : the surface component of IceCube

Author: Anatoli Fedynitch, K. Mase, J. Blumenthal, P. B. Price, K. Frantzen, T. O. B. Schmidt, C. Roucelle, F. Clevermann, K. Hoshina, Y. Sestayo, Olga Botner, T. R. Wood, Karl-Heinz Sulanke, Glenn Spiczak, Timo Karg, J. P. Yanez, A. Haj Ismail, Kael Hanson, T. Fuchs, D. Z. Besson, Paolo Desiati, M. Usner, V. Baum, F. Rothmaier, G. W. Sullivan, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, U. Naumann, K. H. Becker, K. Hultqvist, N. Milke, George Japaridze, Darren Grant, Todor Stanev, J. J. Beatty, C. Wendt, T. Feusels, Dmitry Chirkin, S. Panknin, Sarah Nowicki, A. O'Murchadha, Karen Andeen, O. Engdegård, Ch. Weaver, Markus Ahlers, J. E. Jacobsen, Marcos Santander, P. Heimann, S. Hussain, D. Bose, Alexander Kappes, J. Posselt, C. Pérez de los Heros, M. J. Larson, L. Gerhardt, J. Kiryluk, Chad Finley, Christian Spiering, S. Schoenen, Jürgen Brunner, Tim Ruhe, M. Walter, Elisa Resconi, J. Berdermann, A. Homeier, A. Olivas, D. van der Drift, D. J. Koskinen, A. Stößl, Thorsten Glusenkamp, Christopher Wiebusch, F. Descamps, R. Hoffmann, R. Franke, C. Walck, R. Eagan, S. Seunarine, Reina H. Maruyama, A. McDermott, S. H. Seo, M. Labare, J. Daughhetee, W. Huelsnitz, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, D. J. Boersma, J. Roth, Matthias Wolf, L. Schönherr, E. Jacobi, Benedikt Riedel, K. Helbing, L. Shulman, R. Nahnhauer, S. Stoyanov, M. Casier, L. Mohrmann, D. Rutledge, M. Schmitz, D. Altmann, A. Stasik, R. Ström, K. Rawlins, C. Elliott, J. Lünemann, J. van Santen, James Madsen, M. Richman, L. Schulte, S. Schöneberg, R. C. Bay, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Axel Groß, R. Wasserman, Naoko Kurahashi, Michael J. Baker, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, A. Van Overloop, Gerald Przybylski, D. Bertrand, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, O. Schulz, Stijn Buitink, Peter Mészáros, Teresa Montaruli, L. Gladstone, Fabian Kislat, Dirk Heinen, R. J. Lauer, R. Bruijn, S. Westerhoff, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, Frank McNally, D. Seckel, S. Miarecki, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, Jon Dumm, T. Waldenmaier, A. Zilles, M. Zoll, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, H. Landsman, D. Heereman, H. S. Matis, P. A. Toale, Thomas Meures, M. Kowalski, C. De Clercq, J.-H. Köhne, H. Wissing, S. Klepser, M. Danninger, M. Wallraff, M. Voge, A. Franckowiak, Francis Halzen, P. Zarzhitsky, O. Fadiran, M. Merck, S. Böser, J. Auffenberg, M. Gurtner, Henrik J. Johansson, Daniel Bindig, A. Tamburro, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, J. P. Rodrigues, David A. Williams, T. Stezelberger, S. M. Saba, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, R. Hellauer, C. Ha, S. Odrowski, Larissa Paul, F. Scheriau, Dennis Soldin, Xinhua Bai, H. Taavola, J. Becker Tjus, Rasha Abbasi, J. C. Gallagher, E. Blaufuss, J. C. Davis, Albrecht Karle, D. R. Nygren, J. Casey, A. Schönwald, J. Dreyer, K. Schatto, G. Kohnen, Allan Hallgren, K. Meagher, Y. Abdou, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Sandro Kopper, Simona Toscano, R. W. Ellsworth, S. M. Movit, Donglian Xu, B. Ruzybayev, N. van Eijndhoven, J. Miller, Juanan Aguilar, A. Obertacke, Takao Kuwabara, G. Kroll, M. Krasberg, B. Christy, Seth M. Cohen, Subir Sarkar, A. Ishihara, E. A. Strahler, S. Yoshida, J. Feintzeig, K. Beattie, S. Bechet, C. Kopper, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, P. Redl, M. Olivo, N. Pirk, Nathan Whitehorn, Hermann Kolanoski, Michael S. Bell, Kirill Filimonov, P. Berghaus, J. Kläs, S. Euler, J. Kunnen, Damian Pieloth, A. M. Brown, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, L. Köpke, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, O. Jlelati, Kara Hoffman, M. Scheel, A. H. Cruz Silva, S. Tilav, Wolfgang Rhode, L. Rädel, P. Nießen, M. Stamatikos, Jenni Adams, A. Goldschmidt, Matt Dunkman, T. Fischer-Wasels, A. Schukraft, K. Laihem, Dirk Ryckbosch, K. Wiebe, H. G. Sander, Carsten Rott, Chun Xu, M. Bissok, S. Hickford, R. G. Stokstad, R. Morse, T. Salameh, Xianwu Xu, C. Bohm, J. Ziemann, M. W. E. Smith, L. Brayeur, M. Soiron, I. Taboada, S. Flis, J. A. Goodman, Dariusz Gora, Joshua Pepper, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, M. Ribordy, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, Montaruli, Teresa, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, and Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Group
Subjects: FLUX, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Air shower, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic rays, Detector, IceCube, IceTop, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, ddc:500.2, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, Shower, Data acquisition, cosmic rays, DIGITIZATION, 0103 physical sciences, SHOWERS, Calibration, ddc:530, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Remote sensing, Physics, Muon, detector, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, ENERGY-SPECTRUM, Physics and Astronomy, SIMULATION, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: IceTop, the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole, is an air shower array with an area of 1 km2. The detector allows a detailed exploration of the mass composition of primary cosmic rays in the energy range from about 100 TeV to 1 EeV by exploiting the correlation between the shower energy measured in IceTop and the energy deposited by muons in the deep ice. In this paper we report on the technical design, construction and installation, the trigger and data acquisition systems as well as the software framework for calibration, reconstruction and simulation. Finally the first experience from commissioning and operating the detector and the performance as an air shower detector will be discussed., 50 pages, 38 figures; submitted to NIM A
Published: 2013
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25. All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations

Author: Donglian Xu, Carsten Rott, J. Miller, M. Bissok, C. Pérez de los Heros, Xianwu Xu, C. Bohm, M. L. Benabderrahmane, M. Stüer, N. Milke, George Japaridze, K. Wiebe, R. Hellauer, Todor Stanev, M. W. E. Smith, S. Seunarine, I. Taboada, S. Flis, A. Haj Ismail, C. Wendt, F. Descamps, Markus Ahlers, O. Engdegård, K.-H. Becker, D. Rutledge, S. Odrowski, Larissa Paul, T. Abu-Zayyad, Juanan Aguilar, Takao Kuwabara, J. Dreyer, Ch. Weaver, Subir Sarkar, Segev BenZvi, Y. Abdou, Benedikt Riedel, Tim Ruhe, M. Walter, B. Christy, Seth M. Cohen, Spencer Klein, Peter Mészáros, J. A. Goodman, Matt Dunkman, T. Fischer-Wasels, A. Schukraft, K. Laihem, Chad Finley, R. Franke, C. Walck, S. H. Seo, A. Ishihara, K. Rawlins, M. Labare, D. Bose, B. Ruzybayev, E. Jacobi, James Madsen, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, D. Z. Besson, Thomas Meures, E. A. Strahler, Kara Hoffman, J. Feintzeig, Dariusz Gora, A. Tamburro, Dirk Ryckbosch, M. Merck, J. P. Rodrigues, T. Stezelberger, Stijn Buitink, S. Westerhoff, A. H. Cruz Silva, Elisa Resconi, Thorsten Glusenkamp, O. Schulz, Anatoli Fedynitch, Teresa Montaruli, M. V. D'Agostino, J. Berdermann, M. Richman, K. Beattie, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, Nathan Whitehorn, A. Silvestri, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, J. Kiryluk, J. Lünemann, C. Ha, P. B. Price, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Wolfgang Rhode, L. Schulte, R. J. Lauer, Albrecht Karle, A. Schultes, R. Morse, Christian Spiering, R. C. Bay, H. S. Matis, A. Van Overloop, L. Brayeur, C. De Clercq, T. Degner, T. O. B. Schmidt, Karen Andeen, P. Berghaus, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, S. Böser, A. Schönwald, F. Clevermann, T. R. Wood, J. J. Beatty, S. Euler, B. Hoffmann, H. Taavola, David A. Williams, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, M. Scheel, E. Blaufuss, J. C. Davis, A. Homeier, Kurt Woschnagg, Y. Sestayo, J. Posselt, Matthias Wolf, Rasha Abbasi, S. Tilav, K. Han, D. Altmann, H. G. Sander, K. Hoshina, Paul Evenson, Jon Dumm, T. Waldenmaier, M. Kowalski, R. Nahnhauer, Christopher Wiebusch, M. Danninger, J. L. Bazo Alba, A. Stößl, Simona Toscano, K. Meagher, Damian Pieloth, W. Huelsnitz, Chun Xu, Reina H. Maruyama, A. M. Brown, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, J. Daughhetee, Francis Halzen, M. Ribordy, R. W. Ellsworth, J. P. Yanez, S. M. Movit, M. Stamatikos, Glenn Spiczak, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, P. Zarzhitsky, T. Feusels, F. Rothmaier, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, Jenni Adams, Dmitry Chirkin, J. E. Jacobsen, Aongus O'Murchadha, Marcos Santander, O. Fadiran, G. W. Sullivan, K. Hultqvist, P. Heimann, L. Gerhardt, L. Köpke, B. Semburg, Alexander Kappes, Darren Grant, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, J.-H. Köhne, H. Wissing, D. J. Boersma, S. Hickford, Michael J. Baker, Xinhua Bai, S. Bechet, Sarah Nowicki, R. G. Stokstad, L. Gladstone, R. Wischnewski, Dirk Heinen, A. Goldschmidt, J. Auffenberg, D. Heereman, D. Seckel, S. Miarecki, Naoko Kurahashi, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, Daniel Bindig, P. Redl, D. Bertrand, P. A. Toale, M. Olivo, K. Helbing, N. van Eijndhoven, U. Naumann, Michael S. Bell, Kirill Filimonov, S. Klepser, J. K. Becker, G. Kroll, M. Wallraff, M. Voge, M. Gurtner, M. Krasberg, M. Schunck, J. C. Gallagher, S. Yoshida, M. Casier, Allan Hallgren, J. van Santen, S. Hussain, Sandro Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, Kael Hanson, J. Kunnen, Axel Groß, Timo Karg, J. W. Nam, S. Schöneberg, D. R. Nygren, Paolo Desiati, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, M. J. Larson, Fabian Kislat, A. Franckowiak, J. Blumenthal, K. Mase, Olga Botner, V. Baum, Henrik J. Johansson, S. Panknin, K. Schatto, G. Kohnen, R. Ström, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Tosi, H. Landsman, Gerald Przybylski, M. Zoll, A. Olivas, R. Wasserman, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, Montaruli, Teresa, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, ddc:500.2, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, IceCube, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Cosmic rays, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Zenith, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Energy spectrum, IceTop, Spectral index, COSMIC cancer database, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Air shower, KASCADE, ddc:540, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Astroparticle physics 44, 40 - 58 (2013). doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.016, We report on a measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the IceTop air shower array, the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. The data used in this analysis were taken between June and October, 2007, with 26 surface stations operational at that time, corresponding to about one third of the final array. The fiducial area used in this analysis was 0.122 km2. The analysis investigated the energy spectrum from 1 to 100 PeV measured for three different zenith angle ranges between 0° and 46°. Because of the isotropy of cosmic rays in this energy range the spectra from all zenith angle intervals have to agree. The cosmic-ray energy spectrum was determined under different assumptions on the primary mass composition. Good agreement of spectra in the three zenith angle ranges was found for the assumption of pure proton and a simple two-component model. For zenith angles θ < 30°, where the mass dependence is smallest, the knee in the cosmic ray energy spectrum was observed at about 4 PeV, with a spectral index above the knee of about −3.1. Moreover, an indication of a flattening of the spectrum above 22 PeV was observed., Published by Elsevier Science, Amsterdam [u.a.]
Published: 2012
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26. Multi-year search for dark matter annihilations in the Sun with the AMANDA-II and IceCube detectors

Author: A. Piegsa, P. Berghaus, L. Schulte, S. Euler, K.-H. Becker, Donglian Xu, J. Feintzeig, Damian Pieloth, Matt Dunkman, T. Fischer-Wasels, M. Krasberg, A. M. Brown, D. Bose, A. Schukraft, K. Beattie, O. Schulz, K. Laihem, E. A. Strahler, A. Gross, J. P. Rodrigues, T. Stezelberger, Subir Sarkar, Naoko Kurahashi, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, D. Bertrand, W. Huelsnitz, R. Hellauer, A. Van Overloop, S. Yoshida, M. V. D'Agostino, Dirk Ryckbosch, J. Kiryluk, N. Milke, George Japaridze, K. Rawlins, M. J. Larson, Fabian Kislat, S. Schoeneberg, M. Labare, M. Casier, Peter Mészáros, J. Dreyer, Jon Dumm, O. Engdegård, Y. Abdou, T. Waldenmaier, K. Helbing, J. W. Nam, D. J. Boersma, Anatoli Fedynitch, A. Olivas, A. Stoessl, James Madsen, D. R. Nygren, A. Silvestri, Jenni Adams, M. Stamatikos, M. Kowalski, S. Odrowski, S. Bechet, Carsten Rott, Kael Hanson, A. Franckowiak, M. Danninger, H. S. Matis, J. Miller, M. L. Benabderrahmane, D. Z. Besson, Elisa Resconi, J. Berdermann, P. Redl, F. Rothmaier, M. Wallraff, M. Bissok, M. Olivo, T. Kowarik, M. Voge, J. L. Bazo Alba, R. Wasserman, M. Schunck, K. Mase, M. Gurtner, K. Hultqvist, Darren Grant, Xianwu Xu, J. Luenemann, A. Goldschmidt, Karen Andeen, Thomas Meures, Francis Halzen, K. Hoshina, L. Koepke, Matthias Wolf, S. Hickford, A. Schoenwald, H. Landsman, Glenn Spiczak, C. Bohm, Sarah Nowicki, Juanan Aguilar, P. Zarzhitsky, Takao Kuwabara, T. Feusels, M. Merck, Paolo Desiati, Todor Stanev, O. Fadiran, R. G. Stokstad, C. Wendt, R. Wischnewski, Xinhua Bai, Michael S. Bell, Kirill Filimonov, C. Colnard, N. van Eijndhoven, B. Christy, Seth M. Cohen, J. E. Jacobsen, Marcos Santander, Nathan Whitehorn, S. Panknin, A. Ishihara, C. Pérez de los Heros, U. Naumann, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, Markus Ahlers, L. Gerhardt, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Dariusz Gora, F. Descamps, T. Gluesenkamp, Simona Toscano, Teresa Montaruli, G. Kroll, R. Nahnhauer, R. W. Ellsworth, D. Heereman, Kara Hoffman, Y. Sestayo, A. H. Cruz Silva, Ch. Weaver, J. K. Becker, S. Tilav, S. Hussain, M. Dierckxsens, R. Franke, S. Westerhoff, Wolfgang Rhode, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, H. G. Sander, D. J. Koskinen, T. Griesel, A. Schultes, J. C. Gallagher, Chad Finley, A. Haj Ismail, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, C. Walck, K. Wiebe, M. Ribordy, Christian Spiering, Allan Hallgren, D. Tosi, Sandro Kopper, Chun Xu, Hermann Kolanoski, S. Boeser, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, I. Taboada, S. Flis, S. Seunarine, D. Rutledge, J. A. Goodman, M. Stueer, A. Marotta, B. Hoffmann, H. Taavola, E. Blaufuss, J. C. Davis, K. Han, L. Brayeur, Stijn Buitink, M. Richman, S. M. Movit, Larissa Paul, R. J. Lauer, C. De Clercq, Gerald Przybylski, M. Zoll, T. Degner, R. Morse, Albrecht Karle, David A. Williams, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, J. Blumenthal, D. Altmann, K. Meagher, Olga Botner, Henrik J. Johansson, K. Schatto, G. Kohnen, Timo Karg, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, B. Semburg, H. Wissing, J. Auffenberg, A. Tamburro, Daniel Bindig, J. van Santen, Rasha Abbasi, J. Kunnen, J. H. Koehne, F. Clevermann, P. B. Price, T. O. B. Schmidt, T. R. Wood, J. P. Yanez, Kurt Woschnagg, Paul Evenson, G. W. Sullivan, Dmitry Chirkin, Alexander Kappes, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, C. Ha, Tim Ruhe, M. Walter, A. Rizzo, S. H. Seo, J. P. Huelss, J. J. Beatty, J. Posselt, Reina H. Maruyama, E. Jacobi, R. C. Bay, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, A. Homeier, Christopher Wiebusch, J. Daughhetee, B. Ruzybayev, Aongus O'Murchadha, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Michael J. Baker, L. Gladstone, Dirk Heinen, D. Seckel, S. Miarecki, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, P. A. Toale, R. Ström, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, Montaruli, Teresa, Physics, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Limits, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, Capture, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, South-Pole, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, IceCube, High Energy Physics - Experiment, LIMITS, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), SOUTH-POLE, 0103 physical sciences, PARTICLES, ddc:530, Limit (mathematics), 010306 general physics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, ICE, Detector, Ice, Supersymmetry, CAPTURE, Particles, Physics and Astronomy, Neutrino detector, Neutralino, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: A search for an excess of muon-neutrinos from dark matter annihilations in the Sun has been performed with the AMANDA-II neutrino telescope using data collected in 812 days of livetime between 2001 and 2006 and 149 days of livetime collected with the AMANDA-II and the 40-string configuration of IceCube during 2008 and early 2009. No excess over the expected atmospheric neutrino background has been observed. We combine these results with the previously published IceCube limits obtained with data taken during 2007 to obtain a total livetime of 1065 days. We provide an upper limit at 90% confidence level on the annihilation rate of captured neutralinos in the Sun, as well as the corresponding muon flux limit at the Earth, both as functions of the neutralino mass in the range 50 GeV-5000 GeV. We also derive a limit on the neutralino-proton spin-dependent and spin-independent cross section. The limits presented here improve the previous results obtained by the collaboration between a factor of two and five, as well as extending the neutralino masses probed down to 50 GeV. The spin-dependent cross section limits are the most stringent so far for neutralino masses above 200 GeV, and well below direct search results in the mass range from 50 GeV to 5 TeV., author list corrected. Full author list added in this website
Published: 2011
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27. Correlation of preoperative factors, severity of disease, type of oxygenator and perfusion times with mortality and morbidity of coronary bypass

Author: Steven A. Leyland, Mazen M Sawaf, Marc S Morgan, Howard D Johnson, Beverly S Harrison, Joe R. Utley, Connie M Wilde, and Michael S Bell
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Infarction, Oxygenators, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Severity of Illness Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Coronary artery bypass surgery, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Coronary Artery Bypass, Oxygenator, Stroke, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, business.industry, General Medicine, Perioperative, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Constriction, Clamp, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Cardiology, Regression Analysis, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Safety Research, Perfusion, Artery
Abstract: Previous studies have related preoperative status and severity of disease to the outcome of coronary artery bypass surgery. Although increased perfusion and clamp times increase the risk of cardiac surgical procedures, the importance of these factors in relation to the patient's preoperative condition and the severity of disease has not previously been determined. In this study of 1078 patients, we examined the correlation between the patient's preoperative condition, the severity of coronary disease, and duration of perfusion and clamp time, and the type of oxygenator used with the mortality and morbidity associated with coronary artery bypass grafting. One-way analysis of variance and multiple correlation analysis showed that perfusion time, clamp time and nonclamp perfusion time correlated with mortality, perioperative infarction, the use of intra-aortic balloon pump, stroke, renal failure, pulmonary failure, infection, and leg wound complications (p < 0.05). Perfusion time, clamp time and nonclamp perfusion time did not correlate with postoperative bleeding or sternal wound complications. Nonclamp perfusion time correlated more strongly than any other factor with mortality, perioperative infarction, the use of intra-aortic balloon pump, renal failure, pulmonary failure and infection (p < 0.05). Clamp time correlated more than any other factor with the development of leg-wound complications (p < 0.05). The use of a bubble rather than a membrane oxygenator was significantly related to mortality, stroke, infection and leg wound complications by one-way analysis of variance (p < 0.05). The results of this study suggest that increased duration of nonclamp perfusion time and clamp time, combined with the use of a bubble oxygenator, increases the risk of mortality and morbidity for coronary artery bypass grafting.
Published: 1991
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28. Erratum: Bottom photoproduction measured using decays into muons in dijet events inepcollisions ats=318 GeV[Phys. Rev. D70, 012008 (2004)]

Author: F. J. Sciulli, U. Fricke, Michele Arneodo, B. B. Levchenko, M. Kuze, E. Lohrmann, M. Helbich, Y. Iga, P.F. Ermolov, S. Kagawa, Jongmin Lee, G. F. Susinno, J. Ukleja, N. Pavel, E. Hilger, Damir Lelas, Nils Krumnack, J. F. Martin, T. Namsoo, A. A. Savin, S.J.L.A. Grijpink, L. Suszycki, U. Holm, Tachishige Hirose, S. Goers, Guenter Wolf, J. Szuba, P. Irrgang, Claudia Glasman, Iwona Grabowska-Bold, E.G. Boos, Ricardo Gonçalo, A. Ziegler, J. Fourletova, A. Antonov, K. Olkiewicz, Francois Corriveau, P. B. Straub, J. Tandler, Tancredi Carli, G. Bari, A. Kotański, J. Hamilton, James Ferrando, J. Rautenberg, P. Cloth, Fernando Barreiro, S.I. Suchkov, H. Lim, J. Sztuk, Elisabetta Gallo, R. Mankel, Anna Mastroberardino, T. Kohno, Cd Catterall, G. Grzelak, I. A. Melzer-Pellmann, Lev Khein, S. Hanlon, Giovanna Bruni, N. A. McCubbin, Robert Ciesielski, Didar Dobur, F. Metlica, S. Schlenstedt, M. Ruspa, W. B. Schmidke, D. Krakauer, Abhay Deshpande, A. Gabareen, J. Standage, Alexander Tapper, S. Magill, S. Kananov, F. Palmonari, W. Słomiński, D.D. Reeder, Ulf Behrens, Federico Cindolo, H. Kowalski, Tadeusz Kowalski, A. Pesci, P. Göttlicher, M. Rosin, B.Y. Oh, F. Dal Corso, H. Labes, Krzysztof Piotrzkowski, I. H. Park, A.S. Proskuryakov, Y. Eisenberg, H.-P. Jakob, Katsuo Tokushuku, V.V. Sosnovtsev, D. Szuba, Alessandro Montanari, B. Löhr, C. Collins-Tooth, A. Mirea, D. Gladkov, C.N. Nguyen, D. H. Saxon, Kr Long, O. Yu. Lukina, V. Adler, R. Renner, Silvia Miglioranzi, T. Gosau, H. Hartmann, C. A. Heusch, Janusz Chwastowski, R. Brugnera, B. Foster, Tobias M. Haas, Bruce Mellado, A. M. Kowal, A. Longhin, Marco Schioppa, M. Maeno Kataoka, S. Dusini, P. G. Pelfer, D. S. Bailey, U. Stösslein, E. A. De Wolf, Kerstin Borras, V. A. Kuzmin, Michael S. Bell, Els Koffeman, J. Y. Kim, R. Walczak, Xiaobing Liu, E. Maddox, B.O. Zhautykov, L. M. Shcheglova, Shoichi Yamada, Dong-Chul Son, H. Kaji, Yasunori Yamazaki, R.C.E. Devenish, Pietro Antonioli, Luisa Cifarelli, L. K. Gladilin, A. Nigro, S. Robins, R. K. Dementiev, H.G.J.M. Tiecke, N.S. Pokrovskiy, Giuseppe Iacobucci, Antonino Zichichi, S. Menary, L. Stanco, John Hart, U. Schneekloth, Jaap Velthuis, Greg P Heath, Andrea Contin, Tomasz Bold, N. Coppola, Halina Abramowicz, A. Benen, Jose Repond, G. F. Hartner, Marcella Capua, S. Kitamura, P. Łużniak, Detlef Filges, Mark Sutton, M.C.K. Mattingly, Ingo Bloch, P.M. Kooijman, S. Bhadra, Achim Geiser, L. S. Durkin, J. Ciborowski, N. Vlasov, Ben Bylsma, S. Paganis, Mara Senghi Soares, Mariusz Przybycien, M. Corradi, Dominik Dannheim, G. Cara Romeo, W. H. Smith, Juan Terron, R. Hamatsu, Ada Solano, K. Matsuzawa, J. Del Peso, H. Salehi, D. Notz, Y. Ning, S. Limentani, D. Kcira, I. C. Brock, T. W. Jones, A. Margiotti, N. Brümmer, Jan Figiel, C. Cormack, M. Z. Wang, I. T. Lim, P. Stopa, Peter Schleper, A. Polini, A. M. Cooper-Sarkar, K. Wichmann, M. Adamus, S. Patel, G. Sartorelli, T. Yamashita, C. Targett-Adams, G. Marini, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, A. Bamberger, Zhongliang Ren, Yu. A. Golubkov, E. Paul, Vincenzo Chiochia, Allen Caldwell, S. Fourletov, M. Posocco, A. Ukleja, M. Derrick, T. Tymieniecka, A. Parenti, Antonio Pellegrino, U. Kötz, A. N. Barakbaev, A. Cottrell, R. J. Nowak, Dg Stairs, Andreas Weber, T. Tsurugai, O. González, Igor Katkov, Joanne Cole, Stefan Stonjek, E. A. Heaphy, J.H. Loizides, Roberval Walsh, M. Y. Pac, Pawel Plucinski, Gregor Kramberger, Claire Gwenlan, S. Hillert, U. Karshon, S. De Pasquale, D. Hochman, M. Kowal, D. Boscherini, B. Kahle, A. Kreisel, J. Lainesse, Liang Li, A. Eskreys, Roberto Carlin, A. Bruni, Yongsun Kim, A. T. Doyle, L. Labarga, T. Koop, Enrico Tassi, J. J. Whitmore, I. Gialas, Leszek Adamczyk, Oliver Gutsche, M.I. Ferrero, F. Karstens, B. A. Dolgoshein, A. Bertolin, A. Raval, P. Danilov, M. Inuzuka, Takahiro Fusayasu, Roberto Sacchi, Danuta Kisielewska, L. Zawiejski, M. Turcato, Sergei Chekanov, G. D'Agostini, Kunihiro Nagano, C. Youngman, Aharon Levy, T. Tawara, Dirk-Uwe Bartsch, T. Y. Ling, B. Musgrave, L. Bellagamba, A. Stifutkin, I. A. Korzhavina, M. Milite, U. Meyer, Satish Dhawan, A. E. Nucio-Quiroz, Sanjay Padhi, M. Barbi, Matthew Wing, K. Wick, M. Basile, M. Riveline, S.E.S. Schagen, K. C. Voss, Sabine Lammers, R. Yoshida, Richard Hall-Wilton, A. Galas, Aleksander Filip Żarnecki, J. M. Pawlak, C. Foudas, P. J. Bussey, L. Wiggers, N. H. Brook, M. Vázquez, S. A. Zotkin, A. Garfagnini, G. Aghuzumtsyan, J. M. Butterworth, M. S. Lightwood, M. Zambrana, Rosario Nania, L. Rurua, O. M. Kind, S. Gliga, Giuseppe Barbagli, I. O. Skillicorn, C. Genta, P. Giusti, V. Monaco, G. Drews, and W. Hain
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle decay, Particle physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences
Published: 2006
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29. The Exigencies of Global, Integrated Warfare: The Evolving Role of the CJCS and His Dedicated Staff

Author: Michael S. Bell
Published: 2004
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30. Correlates of total perfusion time, clamp time and nonclamp perfusion time in coronary bypass surgery

Author: Marc S Morgan, Howard D Johnson, Michael S Bell, Connie M Wilde, and Joe R. Utley
Subjects: Advanced and Specialized Nursing, medicine.medical_specialty, Aorta, Ejection fraction, business.industry, General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Anastomosis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Blood pressure, Clamp, 030228 respiratory system, Bypass surgery, Internal medicine, medicine.artery, medicine, Cardiology, Ventricular pressure, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Safety Research, Perfusion
Abstract: Longer perfusion and clamp times are associated with greater mortality and morbidity. We studied the factors which correlate with the duration of perfusion time, clamp time and nonclamp perfusion time in 1078 patients having coronary bypass surgery. Perfusion time correlated significantly ( P≤ 0.05) with female sex, ejection fraction, left ventricular diastolic pressure, number of distal anastomoses, incomplete revascularization, atherosclerotic aorta, aorto-iliac-femoral occlusive disease and date of operation. Only the number of distal anastomoses, incomplete revascularization, atherosclerotic aorta, ejection fraction and date of operation correlated significantly ( P≤ 0.05) with perfusion time with multiple regression analysis. Factors significantly ( P≤ 0.05) correlating with nonclamp perfusion time included age, ejection fraction, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, number of distal anastomoses, incomplete revascularization, atherosclerotic aorta and aorto-iliac-femoral occlusive disease. Multiple regression analysis showed that only ejection fraction, number of distal anastomoses, incomplete revascularization and atherosclerotic aorta significantly ( P≤ 0.05) contributed to the predication of nonclamp perfusion time. The individual correlates ( P≤ 0.05) of clamp time included age (negative correlation), female sex, ejection fraction, height, weight, body surface area, number of distal anastomoses, incomplete revascularization, atherosclerotic aorta and date of operation. Multiple regression analysis shows that clamp time correlates significantly ( P ≤ 0.05) with the number of distal anastomoses, date of operation, age, incomplete revascularization, atherosclerotic aorta and female sex.
Published: 1989
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31. The Effects of Text Familiarity and Cohesion on Retrieval of Information Learned from Text

Author: Ellen D. Gagné, Donald B. Yarbrough, Craig Weidemann, and Michael S. Bell
Subjects: Comprehension, Cohesion (linguistics), Free recall, Recall, Concept learning, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Information processing, Cognition, Verbal learning, Psychology, Linguistics, Education
Abstract: This study examined the effects of familiarity of passage concepts and passage cohesion on retrieval of text information. In order to distinguish between comprehension and retrieval processes, subjects were equated on comprehension; therefore, any differences found could be attributed to differences in retrieval processes. The passages used varied on familiarity and cohesion, but syntax was held constant. Middle school students learned information in passages to an 85% correct criterion using a study-test procedure. The subjects were not told that they would be tested on the material. Two weeks later, they took a free recall test and reported their rehearsal of the passage information during the intervening time period. The results showed that although the original amount learned was equated, recall of propositions from passages with more familiar concepts was about 35% greater than the recall from passages with less familiar concepts. There were no significant differences due to cohesion or the interacti...
Published: 1984
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32. Does Familiarity Have an Effect on Recall Independent of Its Effect on Original Learning?

Author: Craig Weidemann, Donald B. Yarbrough, Ellen D. Gagné, and Michael S. Bell
Subjects: Recall, Interpretation (philosophy), Mastery learning, Psychology, Social psychology, Education, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether familiarity affects retrieval of information independently of its well-documented effect on learning. Using a study-test procedure, middle-school students learned paragraphs on topics of high or moderate familiarity to a criterion of 85% correct propositions. Equal numbers of the students recalled the paragraphs either several minutes or four weeks after learning. The results indicated that familiarity affected both speed of original learning and amount of recall. The results are interpreted as indicating that highly familiar material is stored more elaborately in long-term memory and is therefore easier to recall than is moderately familiar material. Support for this interpretation is provided by an analysis for students' retrospective reports of retrieval cues. Implications for mastery learning programs are discussed.
Published: 1985
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33. Correlates of blood volume, red cell mass and plasma volume in coronary bypass patients

Author: Morgan, Connie M Wilde, Howard D Johnson, Joe R. Utley, and Michael S Bell
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Blood transfusion, medicine.medical_treatment, Blood volume, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiopulmonary bypass, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Oxygenator, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Body surface area, Ejection fraction, Red Cell, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Anesthesia, Cardiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Safety Research, circulatory and respiratory physiology, Artery
Abstract: Prebypass blood volume (BV), red cell volume (RBC) and plasma volume (PV) may affect haematocrit during and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), volume shift in and out of the oxygenator during CPB and the need for blood transfusion. We have calculated BV, RBC, and PV in 1076 patients having coronary artery bypass (CABG). Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the preoperative factors which correlated with BV, RBC and PV. BV was found to correlate significantly with body surface area (BSA), sex, ejection fraction and emergency operation. RBC correlated significantly with sex, smoking, weight, emergency operation and obesity (body mass index). Significant correlations were found between PV and BSA, ejection fraction, emergency operation and sex. Body size (BSA and weight) is a major determinant of BV, RBC and PV in coronary artery surgery patients. Female patients have significantly diminished BV, RBC and PV, the decrease is greatest for RBC. Equal increases in BV and PV are associated with decreased ejection fraction. Emergency operation is correlated with increases in BV, RBC and PV. RBC is increased in smokers and the obese (BMI).
Published: 1989
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34. The use of cognitive psychology in the development and evaluation of textbooks

Author: Michael S. Bell and Ellen D. Gagné
Subjects: Cognitive science, Reading (process), media_common.quotation_subject, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Educational psychology, Psychology, Strengths and weaknesses, media_common, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: The major memory representations produced by reading a textbook chapter are described. These include (a) single propositions, (b) integrations and elaborations of two or more propositions, and (c) a chapter summary. Research that bears on each of these aspects of memory for textbook information is used to select 15 dimensions for evaluating a textbook's potential for facilitating representations in memory. These dimensions are then quantified for samples from three educational psychology textbooks. The dimensions appear to be useful for evaluating a text's strengths and weaknesses.
Published: 1981
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35. Correlates of preoperative hematocrit value in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass

Author: Vickie Brown, Michael S Bell, Linda Staton, Connie M Wilde, Donna J. Wallace, Joe R. Utley, Michael E. Thomason, and D. Wayne Mutch
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Hematocrit, Smoking history, medicine.anatomical_structure, Internal medicine, Anesthesia, medicine, Cardiology, End-diastolic volume, Surgery, In patient, Derivation, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Value (mathematics), circulatory and respiratory physiology, Recent myocardial infarction, Artery
Abstract: The patient’s preoperative red cell volume and hematocrit value are among the strongest predictors of need for postoperative transfusion. We have determined the factors that correlate with preoperative hematocrit value. We performed multiple regression analysis with preoperative hematocrit value as the dependent variable. The factors that were significantly correlated with preoperative hematocrit value, in order of their decreasing contribution to variability, were sex, date of operation, preoperative hospital stay, weight, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, age, smoking history, and recent myocardial infarction (
Published: 1989
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36. Preoperative correlates of impaired wound healing after saphenous vein excision

Author: Donna J. Wallace, Joe R. Utley, Vickie Brown, Michael E. Thomason, Linda Staton, Connie M Wilde, D. Wayne Mutch, and Michael S Bell
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Debridement, integumentary system, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Eschar, medicine.disease, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lymphangitis, Cellulitis, medicine, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Abscess, Vein, Complication, business, Wound healing
Abstract: Although major wound complications after saphenous vein excision are infrequent, we have found broadly defined impairment in leg wound healing to be relatively common. Wound healing impairment is defined in this study as inflammation, separation, cellulitis, lymphangitis, drainage, necrosis, or abscess necessitating dressing, antibiotics, or debridement before wound healing with complete epithelialization without eschar. Healing was impaired in 245 of 1047 patients (24.3%). Significant correlations were found between impaired wound healing and female sex (p
Published: 1989
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37. Search for ultrahigh-energy tau neutrinos with IceCube

Author: Karen Andeen, H. Landsman, M. Krasberg, D. Heereman, K. Hoshina, Jon Dumm, J. J. Beatty, T. Feusels, Glenn Spiczak, T. Waldenmaier, Thomas Meures, Segev BenZvi, Spencer Klein, M. W. E. Smith, S. Yoshida, J. Posselt, M. Kowalski, J. E. Jacobsen, R. Nahnhauer, M. Merck, M. Danninger, D. Z. Besson, Nathan Whitehorn, A. Stößl, U. Naumann, Anatoli Fedynitch, Reina H. Maruyama, M. Stüer, Marcos Santander, P. Heimann, L. Brayeur, J. A. Goodman, Thorsten Glusenkamp, M. L. Benabderrahmane, Kara Hoffman, N. van Eijndhoven, R. Ström, L. Schulte, L. Gerhardt, A. H. Cruz Silva, I. Taboada, Dariusz Gora, Simona Toscano, S. Odrowski, Larissa Paul, E. Jacobi, M. V. D'Agostino, R. W. Ellsworth, T. Abu-Zayyad, Peter Mészáros, G. Kroll, Tim Ruhe, M. Walter, S. Flis, W. Huelsnitz, S. Seunarine, M. Casier, Xinhua Bai, S. Hussain, Albrecht Karle, A. Schönwald, D. J. Boersma, D. J. Koskinen, J. Lünemann, S. H. Seo, D. Rutledge, J. Kiryluk, Juanan Aguilar, Takao Kuwabara, Kael Hanson, Matthias Wolf, R. C. Bay, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, M. Vehring, D. F. Cowen, B. Christy, Seth M. Cohen, D. Altmann, K. Meagher, Markus Ahlers, C. Ha, A. Ishihara, K. Helbing, Gerald Przybylski, K. Mase, M. Zoll, S. Schöneberg, Wolfgang Rhode, P. B. Price, P. Berghaus, A. Olivas, S. Westerhoff, Ch. Weaver, T. O. B. Schmidt, M. Labare, M. Scheel, Paolo Desiati, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, R. Wischnewski, Chad Finley, K. Rawlins, S. Tilav, J. Feintzeig, S. Grullon, M. J. Carson, M. J. Larson, T. R. Wood, S. Euler, Stijn Buitink, F. Rothmaier, J. Kunnen, Timo Karg, Kurt Woschnagg, Donglian Xu, A. Tamburro, Fabian Kislat, E. Middell, Elisa Bernardini, M. Ribordy, Paul Evenson, J. K. Becker, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, James Madsen, R. Wasserman, M. Schunck, D. Bose, M. Stamatikos, K. Hultqvist, Darren Grant, S. Panknin, K. Beattie, A. Van Overloop, Dmitry Chirkin, J. van Santen, A. Schultes, Sarah Nowicki, Alexander Kappes, Damian Pieloth, A. M. Brown, A. Franckowiak, A. Haj Ismail, H. S. Matis, J. C. Gallagher, A. Silvestri, Henrik J. Johansson, Subir Sarkar, O. Schulz, Jenni Adams, Axel Groß, E. A. Strahler, A. Goldschmidt, Francis Halzen, R. Morse, Christian Spiering, Teresa Montaruli, B. Hoffmann, P. Zarzhitsky, O. Fadiran, L. Köpke, H. Taavola, Allan Hallgren, Sandro Kopper, F. Clevermann, E. Blaufuss, J. C. Davis, J. P. Rodrigues, T. Stezelberger, Y. Sestayo, Hermann Kolanoski, N. Milke, George Japaridze, R. Hellauer, K.-H. Becker, Matt Dunkman, O. Engdegård, T. Fischer-Wasels, J. P. Yanez, S. Bechet, A. Schukraft, K. Laihem, P. Redl, G. W. Sullivan, S. M. Movit, Dirk Ryckbosch, M. Olivo, J. W. Nam, Elisa Resconi, J. Berdermann, Naoko Kurahashi, Michael S. Bell, H. G. Sander, Kirill Filimonov, J. Dreyer, D. Bertrand, Y. Abdou, D. R. Nygren, M. Wallraff, M. Voge, S. Hickford, M. Gurtner, R. G. Stokstad, Chun Xu, K. Schatto, G. Kohnen, J. Blumenthal, Olga Botner, V. Baum, C. Pérez de los Heros, K. Wiebe, Carsten Rott, J. Miller, M. Bissok, Xianwu Xu, C. Bohm, Benedikt Riedel, P. O. Hulth, J. Eisch, G. de Vries-Uiterweerd, B. Semburg, J.-H. Köhne, H. Wissing, J. Auffenberg, Daniel Bindig, Rasha Abbasi, Todor Stanev, C. Wendt, F. Descamps, R. Franke, C. Walck, Thomas K. Gaisser, G. B. Yodh, M. Richman, R. J. Lauer, C. De Clercq, T. Degner, S. Böser, David A. Williams, Markus Ackermann, S. W. Barwick, Aongus O'Murchadha, D. Berley, G. C. Hill, Michael J. Baker, L. Gladstone, Dirk Heinen, D. Seckel, S. Miarecki, A. R. Fazely, Tyce DeYoung, P. A. Toale, A. Homeier, Christopher Wiebusch, J. Daughhetee, B. Ruzybayev, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, and Montaruli, Teresa
Subjects: SELECTION, AMANDA, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, INDUCED CASCADES, Cosmic ray, ddc:500.2, PROPAGATION, Astrophysics, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Amanda, 0103 physical sciences, EARTH, ddc:530, Ultrahigh energy, 010306 general physics, Propagation, Selection, Physics, Range (particle radiation), Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Earth, Physics and Astronomy, Induced Cascades, TELESCOPES, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Telescopes
Abstract: The first dedicated search for ultrahigh-energy (UHE) tau neutrinos of astrophysical origin was performed using the IceCube detector in its 22-string configuration with an instrumented volume of roughly 0.25 km3. The search also had sensitivity to UHE electron and muon neutrinos. After application of all selection criteria to approximately 200 live-days of data, we expect a background of 0.60±0.19(stat)+0.56−0.58(syst) events and observe three events, which after inspection, emerge as being compatible with background but are kept in the final sample. Therefore, we set an upper limit on neutrinos of all flavors from UHE astrophysical sources at 90% C.L. of E2νΦ90(νx)
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38. Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations with IceCube

Author: J. Leute, R. Eagan, H. Wissing, R. Bruijn, D. T. Grandmont, R. Hellauer, X. W. Xu, T. Stezelberger, D. L. Xu, M. Baker, D. Heereman, Carsten Rott, J. J. Beatty, J. Blumenthal, M. J. Carson, C. Finley, J. Lünemann, Marcos Santander, T. Schmidt, M. Richman, Stephanie Hickford, Fabian Kislat, Olga Botner, M. J. Larson, M. Bissok, M. Zoll, O. Jlelati, A. Bernhard, T. Kuwabara, G. Golup, K. Hoshina, K. Rawlins, J. Kläs, C. Sheremata, B. Ruzybayev, V. Baum, A. Stasik, A. Obertacke, S. Schöneberg, H. Taavola, A. Stößl, K. Jagielski, D. Heinen, Hermann Kolanoski, J. Van Santen, T. Feusels, M. G. Aartsen, B. Riedel, A. Tepe, Reina H. Maruyama, Todor Stanev, J. A. Pepper, J. Daughhetee, A. Haj Ismail, J. P. Rodrigues, I. Taboada, J. Feintzeig, K. Jero, G. M. Spiczak, H. Landsman, J. Jacobsen, L. Gladstone, O. Schulz, G. S. Japaridze, J. Kunnen, G. Binder, Chun Xu, A. R. Fazely, S. Flis, D. Z. Besson, T. Waldenmaier, J. S. Gallagher, M. Merck, Y. Abdou, M. Krasberg, A. Fedynitch, J. G. Gonzalez, N. Whitehorn, B. Kaminsky, R. Franke, L. Schulte, D. Pieloth, H. G. Sander, S. Toscano, K. Krings, Thomas Meures, M. Scheel, C. Pérez De Los Heros, S. Yoshida, M. Casier, S. Böser, J. Kiryluk, P. Zarzhitsky, N. Van Eijndhoven, P. B. Price, Thomas K. Gaisser, M. Wellons, Dariusz Gora, D. Seckel, S. Euler, D. J. Koskinen, W. Huelsnitz, D. F. Cowen, R. Reimann, C. Pfendner, D. Bertrand, Markus Ahlers, P. Desiati, T. Fischer-Wasels, D. van der Drift, S. C. Nowicki, A. Olivas, N. Pirk, D. R. Nygren, A. Tamburro, K. Clark, J. Eisch, S. Odrowski, D. J. Boersma, L. Köpke, S. Schoenen, Kael Hanson, M. Labare, R. Wasserman, Y. Sestayo, Teresa Montaruli, R. C. Bay, J. Casey, L. Rädel, K. D. Hoffman, Rasha Abbasi, D. Bose, S. Hussain, Steven W. Barwick, Elisa Bernardini, U. Naumann, T. Salameh, K. Helbing, R. G. Stokstad, M. Stamatikos, S. Ter-Antonyan, G. C. Hill, L. Gerhardt, F. Clevermann, A. Goldschmidt, P. A. Evenson, S. Zierke, M. Usner, D. R. Williams, M. Wolf, E. Jacobi, K. Wiebe, D. Chirkin, S. Coenders, M. Wallraff, D. Altmann, Jürgen Brunner, A. Groß, T. Ruhe, S. De Ridder, S. R. Klein, S. Seunarine, R. Nahnhauer, D. Bindig, J. Miller, R. W. Ellsworth, G. W. Sullivan, Alexander Kappes, A. Christov, J. P. Yanez, S. Cohen, M. Leuermann, M. Vehring, A. Karle, K. Schatto, D. Ryckbosch, Tyce DeYoung, S. Westerhoff, L. Paul, J. L. Kelley, J. A. Goodman, C. Ha, E. Middell, J. Auffenberg, D. Grant, G. Tešić, R. Hoffmann, Ch Weaver, C. Wendt, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, Christian Spiering, F. McNally, Jenni Adams, P. O. Hulth, M. Kowalski, A. Franckowiak, Markus Ackermann, T. Glüsenkamp, M. Vraeghe, J. Madsen, Subir Sarkar, A. Schukraft, D. Berley, M. Dunkman, S. M. Saba, T. Fuchs, D. Soldin, J. C. Davis, M. L. Benabderrahmane, R. Ström, Antonio Palazzo, H. P. Bretz, T. R. Wood, M. W.E. Smith, P. Hallen, M. Voge, K. H. Becker, A. Ishihara, A. H. Cruz Silva, M. Danninger, K. Mase, Juanan Aguilar, S. Kopper, A. M. Brown, K. Hultqvist, C. Walck, P. Redl, J. Becker Tjus, C. Bohm, H. S. Matis, G. Kroll, X. Bai, E. Pinat, G. Kohnen, G. T. Przybylski, R. Morse, Francis Halzen, A. Van Overloop, E. Blaufuss, N. Kurahashi, K. Frantzen, B. Eberhardt, F. Scheriau, B. Christy, M. Schmitz, S. Miarecki, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, C. Kopper, S. Tilav, Peter Mészáros, J. Posselt, Elisa Resconi, J. Berdermann, S. Bohaichuk, L. Mohrmann, T. Karg, C. H. Wiebusch, Allan Hallgren, K. Meagher, K. Filimonov, A. O'Murchadha, N. Milke, K. Woschnagg, G. Yodh, C. De Clercq, A. Schönwald, M. Rameez, L. Brayeur, E. A. Strahler, S. Bechet, P. A. Toale, J. H. Köhne, O. Fadiran, M. Olivo, J. Ziemann, Michael S. Bell, Segev BenZvi, M. Ribordy, H. Niederhausen, Wolfgang Rhode, P. Berghaus, A. Homeier, Aguilar Sanchez, Juan, Christov, Asen, Montaruli, Teresa, Rameez, Mohamed, Physics, and Elementary Particle Physics
Subjects: Particle physics, TELESCOPE, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, IceCube, IceCube Neutrino Observatory, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, ddc:550, Muon neutrino, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, PERFORMANCE, Solar neutrino problem, 3. Good health, Physics and Astronomy, Neutrino detector, 13. Climate action, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, SYSTEM
Abstract: We present the first statistically significant detection of neutrino oscillations in the high-energy regime ($>$ 20 GeV) from an analysis of IceCube Neutrino Observatory data collected in 2010-2011. This measurement is made possible by the low energy threshold of the DeepCore detector ($\sim 20$ GeV) and benefits from the use of the IceCube detector as a veto against cosmic ray-induced muon background. The oscillation signal was detected within a low-energy muon neutrino sample (20 -- 100 GeV) extracted from data collected by DeepCore. A high-energy muon neutrino sample (100 GeV -- 10 TeV) was extracted from IceCube data to constrain systematic uncertainties. Disappearance of low-energy upward-going muon neutrinos was observed, and the non-oscillation hypothesis is rejected with more than $5\sigma$ significance. In a two-neutrino flavor formalism, our data are best described by the atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters $\Delta m^2_{23}= (2.3^{+0.6}_{-0.5})\cdot 10^{-3}$ eV$^2$ and $\sin^2(2 \theta_{23})>0.93$, and maximum mixing is favored., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL
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39. Surrealism: An Alternative Approach: Veristic Attitudes in the Work and Writings of Contemporary Surrealists

Author: Michael S. Bell and C. J. Law
Subjects: Visual Arts and Performing Arts, media_common.quotation_subject, Foundation (evidence), Art, Automatism (medicine), Computer Science Applications, Visual arts, Aesthetics, medicine, medicine.symptom, Engineering (miscellaneous), Music, Period (music), media_common
Abstract: When considering Surrealism, art historians, critics, educators and aestheticians have, since the 1940s, focused attention chiefly upon automatism, to the exclusion of veristic trends. However, a remarkable number of artists have remained intensely committed to the veristic. Their written philosophies form a foundation for others to build upon in evaluating the movement. It is suggested that perhaps only through the words of contemporary veristic surrealists can a renewed appreciation of their work be realized and that in these artist-generated writings a rich and viable literature of aesthetics survives a period of misunderstanding.
Published: 1984
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40. Contemporary Surrealism/Narrative Painting: Comments on Pratchenko's Article

Author: Michael S. Bell
Subjects: Narrative art, Visual Arts and Performing Arts, Narrative history, media_common.quotation_subject, Art history, Art, Engineering (miscellaneous), Music, Computer Science Applications, media_common
Published: 1984
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