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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease that has been affecting more and more people around the world, considered a public health problem, the most effective treatment for severe cases is bariatric surgery, where gastric reconstruction is performed, providing weight loss and consequent improvement in the nutritional status and health of the patient. Objectiv: To analyze the factors associated with the intestinal health of bariatric patients in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Analytical and descriptive cross-sectional study carried out with bariatric patients over 18 years of age, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, data collection was performed through the application of forms made available remotely. Results: The study was carriedout with 412 participants, from it, it was observed that the majority are female, with complete high school and family income above seven minimum wages, it was also observed that the public had more than three years of surgery bariatric and even consuming healthier foods, the presence of processed and ultra-processed foods was still very common, with regard to intestinal health, most participants had stools with normal consistency, however, the non-consumption of fresh fruits was related to worsening bowel function, as well as the duration of surgery and the technique used. Conclusion: The intestinal health of bariatric patients, from the characterization of the type of feces, was associated with factors such as: the non-consumption of fresh fruits, surgery time and surgical technique used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes is the property of Editorial Sanchez y Barcelo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermeir@s is the property of Colegio Oficial de Enfermeria de Lugo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El síndrome metabólico se define como una serie de anormalidades metabólicas que predisponen a los individuos a desarrollar diabetes y/o enfermedades cardiovasculares. La prevalencia aumenta según factores como la edad, el sexo, la etnia e inclusive el estado de la microbiota intestinal. El correcto estado y equilibrio de la microbiota, “eubiosis”, o su desequilibrio, “disbiosis”, condiciona el funcionamiento de distintos mecanismos como el de control de saciedad, homeostasis de la glucosa y la insulina, estado de inflamación y formación de placa de ateroma. De esta manera, la siguiente revisión tiene el objetivo de identificar la relación entre la microbiota intestinal y los factores relacionados con el síndrome metabólico.

Objetivo: Investigar a composição e diversidade microbiana de atletas fisiculturistas. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 5 atletas de fisiculturismo, adultos jovens com idade entre ≥ 18 e < 30 anos que estavam em período de off season. Coletaram-se dados sobre idade, etnia, estado civil, escolaridade, hábito intestinal, uso de suplementos, consumo alimentar e atividade física. Avaliou-se os parâmetros nutricionais de peso, estatura, circunferência da cintura e percentual de gordura corporal. A análise da microbiota intestinal das fezes foi feita pelo método de sequenciamento de amplicons do gene 16S rRNA, região V3-V4 de DNA de bactérias. Resultados: A idade média foi de 23,4 ±4,0 anos, a média do índice de massa corporal foi de 30,4 ±4,1 kg/m2 e do percentual de gordura corporal de 9,2 ±1,5 %. A quantidade média de calorias e proteínas por kg de peso corporal foi de 56,3 kcal e 3,9 g, respectivamente. Quantidade média de fibras diária foi de 55,65 g/dia. O índice de alfa diversidade da microbiota fecal ficou dentro da faixa de normalidade para todos os atletas. Na avaliação do enterotipo 80% apresentaram o enterotipo 2 com dominância do gênero Prevotella em relação ao gênero Bacteroides. Das bactérias marcadoras de saúde intestinal 80% tinham a Roseburia, 20% a Faecalibacterium, 100% a Eubacterium rectale e a Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Conclusão: Os atletas de fisiculturismo apresentaram diversidade da microbiota intestinal dentro da faixa de normalidade e predominância do enterotipo 2.

The human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem made of trillions of microorganisms. The composition can be affected by diet, metabolism, age, geography, stress, seasons, temperature, sleep, and medications. The increasing evidence about the existence of a close and bi-directional correlation between the gut microbiota and the brain indicates that intestinal imbalance may play a vital role in the development, function, and disorders of the central nervous system. The mechanisms of interaction between the gut-microbiota on neuronal activity are widely discussed. Several potential pathways are involved with the brain-gut-microbiota axis, including the vagus nerve, endocrine, immune, and biochemical pathways. Gut dysbiosis has been linked to neurological disorders in different ways that involve activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, imbalance in neurotransmitter release, systemic inflammation, and increase in the permeability of the intestinal and the blood-brain barrier. Mental and neurological diseases have become more prevalent during the coronavirus disease 2019pandemic and are an essential issue in public health globally. Understanding the importance of diagnosing, preventing, and treating dysbiosis is critical because gut microbial imbalance is a significant risk factor for these disorders. This review summarizes evidence demonstrating the influence of gut dysbiosis on mental and neurological disorders.

Introdução: A descoberta da comunicação bidirecional entre intestino e cérebro tem despertado interesse para a compreensão do papel da microbiota intestinal na regulação dos processos emocionais. Objetivo: Analisar o mecanismo de influência direta da microbiota intestinal no sistema nervoso e apontar possíveis desafios enfrentados na estratégia de tratamento, abordando possíveis impactos em protocolos de tratamento. Método: Trata-se de pesquisa de revisão de literatura do tipo integrativa cuja finalidade deu-se para reunir e resumir os estudos já publicados entre o período de 2013 a 2023 acerca do tema investigado visando atender os objetivos propostos. Resultados: Foram encontrados cerca de 1.400 artigos publicados, sendo perceptível o aumento do número de publicações a partir do ano de 2012. Após aplicar os critérios de inclusão e discutir sobre os artigos encontrados entre os autores, foram selecionados 07 artigos que contemplassem no mínimo um dos objetivos propostos para a investigação do tema proposto. Discussão: A partir do conhecimento dos mecanismos de perturbação da microbiota intestinal, somados a neurobiologia dos transtornos mentais, é possível fazer associação dos medicamentos psicobióticos como potencializadores do tratamento na abordagem a saúde mental. Visto que, o estado de eubiose pode contribuir diretamente para com o sucesso do tratamento farmacológico. Conclusão: É necessário desenvolver uma microbiota intestinal saudável para a conquista da homeostase, garantindo proteção, manutenção da função imunológica da mucosa intestinal, absorção de nutrientes e regulação de neurotransmissores importantes na saúde mental.

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the microbial composition and diversity of bodybuilders. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with 5 bodybuilding athletes, young adults aged between = 18 and < 30 years who were in the off-season. Data were collected on age, ethnicity, marital status, education, bowel habits, use of supplements, food consumption and physical activity. The nutritional parameters of weight, height, waist circumference and body fat percentage were evaluated. The analysis of the intestinal microbiota of the feces was performed using the method of sequencing the amplicons of the 16S rRNA gene, V3-V4 region of bacterial DNA. Results: Mean age was 23.4 ±4.0 years, mean body mass index was 30.4 ±4.1 kg/m2 and body fat percentage was 9.2 ±1.5%. The average amount of calories and protein per kg of body weight was 56.3 kcal and 3.9 g, respectively. Average amount of daily fiber was 55.65 g/day. The fecal microbiota alpha diversity index was within the normal range for all athletes. In the evaluation of the enterotype, 80% presented enterotype 2 with dominance of the genus Prevotella in relation to the genus Bacteroides. Of the intestinal health marker bacteria, 80% had Roseburia, 20% Faecalibacterium, 100% Eubacterium rectale and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Conclusion: The bodybuilding athletes presented intestinal microbiota diversity within the normal range and predominance of enterotype 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introdução: Os probióticos e prebióticos são fundamentais na função intestinal e quando administrados em conjunto estimulam o crescimento e a atividade de bactérias benéficas. No entanto, são necessárias mais pesquisas práticas para descobrir o impacto da ingestão habitual destes elementos. Objetivo: Investigar os hábitos alimentares e o consumo de alimentos fontes ou suplementos de probióticos e prebióticos na influência de sintomas gastrointestinais e hábitos intestinais em acadêmicos de cursos da saúde. Materiais e métodos: O presente estudo foi desenvolvido através de uma metodologia transversal. A amostra foi composta por um total de 433 acadêmicos de cursos da saúde. Foram utilizados questionários sobre hábitos alimentares, sintomas gastrointestinais e a escala de Bristol. Resultados: Grande parte dos acadêmicos relatou não consumir fontes de probióticos, totalizando 78,3% (n=339) da amostra. Em oposição, quanto ao consumo de prebióticos, 89,6% (n=388) da amostra relatou consumir alimentos fontes de prebióticos. Com relação aos sintomas gastrointestinais, não houve associação entre o consumo de probióticos e prebióticos e ausência de sintomas/sintomas suaves. No entanto, foi observado que o consumo de probióticos e prebióticos influenciou diretamente no tipo das fezes relatadas. Conclusão: O consumo de probióticos e prebióticos não foi associado com a ausência de sintomas gastrointestinais, porém, influenciou positivamente o tipo de fezes.

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción. Los edulcorantes son aditivos que se consumen en los alimentos. Pueden ser naturales (sacarosa y estevia) o artificiales (sucralosa). Actualmente, se consumen rutinariamente en múltiples productos, y sus efectos en la mucosa y la microbiota del intestino delgado aún son controversiales Objetivo. Relacionar el consumo de edulcorantes y su efecto en el sistema inmunitario y la microbiota del intestino delgado en ratones CD1. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron 54 ratones CD1 de tres semanas de edad divididos en tres grupos: un grupo de tres semanas sin tratamiento, un grupo tratado durante seis semanas y un grupo tratado durante 12 semanas. Se les administró sacarosa, sucralosa y estevia. A partir del intestino delgado, se obtuvieron linfocitos B CD19+ y células IgA+, TGF-β (Transforming Growth Factor-beta) o el factor de crecimiento transformador beta (TGF-beta), IL-12 e IL-17 de las placas de Peyer y de la lámina propia. De los sólidos intestinales se obtuvo el ADN para identificar las especies bacterianas. Resultados. Después del consumo de sacarosa y sucralosa durante 12 semanas, se redujeron las comunidades bacterianas, la IgA+ y el TGF-beta, se aumentó el CD19+, y además, se incrementaron la IL-12 y la IL-17 en las placas de Peyer; en la lámina propia, aumentaron todos estos valores. En cambio, con la estevia mejoraron la diversidad bacteriana y el porcentaje de linfocitos CD19+, y hubo poco incremento de IgA+, TGF-b e IL-17, pero con disminución de la IL-17. Conclusión. La sacarosa y la sucralosa alteraron negativamente la diversidad bacteriana y los parámetros inmunitarios después de 12 semanas, en contraste con la estevia que resultó benéfica para la mucosa intestinal.

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To evaluate changes in peripheral immunological response (decrease in blood proinflammatory cytokines) and fecal microbiota (especially Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes) after administration of probiotics in children with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet. Data source: The databases MEDLINE, LILACS, Springer and SciELO were used for this review, with the descriptors "celiac disease AND probiotics". At the end of the search, 168 articles were retrieved, four of which were included in the final qualitative synthesis, having as inclusion criteria randomized clinical trials and pediatric population (1-19 years) and, as exclusion criteria, interventions other than probiotics, studies with patients with other diseases associated with celiac disease, or patients who did not meet the diagnostic criteria. All elected studies were published until September 2020, without language restriction, with patients receiving strains of Bifidobacterium breve or B. longum and on a gluten-free diet. Data synthesis: The studies show that the administration of probiotics along with a gluten-free diet, can approximate the fecal microbiota of celiac patients to typical conditions of healthy individuals, by restoring the abundance of some microbial communities that characterize the typical physiological condition. In addition, the administration of probiotics can reduce serum proinflammatory cytokines (mainly TNF-alpha). Conclusions: Despite the positive correlation between probiotics and fecal microbiota/serological markers in pediatric patients with celiac disease, we emphasize the need for future multicentric studies that should include a larger number of patients and a longer follow up period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista da Associação Brasileira de Nutrição is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Nutricao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A disbiose intestinal é um estado prejudicial à saúde, causado por meio de mudanças qualitativas e quantitativas na microbiota intestinal. O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência de sinais e sintomas sugestivos de disbiose intestinal em acadêmicos do curso de Nutrição de uma Instituição Pública de Ensino Superior. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, descritiva e de tipo transversal. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de setembro a novembro de 2018, através da aplicação de dois questionários: o questionário elaborado abordando informações socioeconômicas e o Questionário de Rastreamento Metabólico, do Instituto Brasileiro de Nutrição Funcional. Compuseram a amostra do estudo 186 acadêmicos, sendo 151 (81,19%) do sexo feminino e 35 (18,81%) do sexo masculino, cuja faixa de idade variou entre 18 e 60 anos. Os resultados sugeriram que é alta a prevalência de sinais e sintomas sugestivos de disbiose intestinal entre os acadêmicos de Nutrição (97,31%). O indicativo de existência de hipersensibilidade que pode ser sugestivo para disbiose foi observado em 43,01% (n=80) dos sujeitos avaliados. O sintoma mais prevalente relatado pelos participantes foi inchaço abdominal /abdômen distendido, com um percentual de 57,53% (n=107). Desta forma, é importante que se dê atenção ao conhecimento aprofundado da composição e atividade da microbiota intestinal, visto que esse processo deverá conduzir a novas intervenções terapêuticas com base na possível modulação desse microbioma, resultando numa melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes.

Objetivo: É de conhecimento que certos micro-organismos melhoram a função da barreira intestinal, que por sua vez é atingida pela infecção pelo (HIV). Esta revisão teve como objetivo identificar os possíveis efeitos da suplementação com probióticos em pacientes acometidos peloVírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV). Métodos: Foram utilizadas as bases de dados do MEDLINE/PubMed e Lilacs publicados na língua inglesa, no período 2008 a 2018, com os descritores “probiotics” AND “HIV”. Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados realizados em indivíduos adultos acometidos pelo HIV, que tenham feito uso de probióticos. Foram excluídos artigos não-originais e trabalhos em outro idioma que não a língua inglesa, além de estudos com animais ou in vitro e ainda estudos em gestantes, lactentes e pessoas com idade inferior a 18 anos. Resultados: Do total de 149 artigos encontrados, 10 obedeceram aos critérios de inclusão. As principais cepas utilizadas foram do gênero Lactobacillus e Bifidobacterium. Os principais achados dos estudos estão relacionados à redução da translocação bacteriana e inflamação, aumento do número de células T CD4+ e redução do D-dímero, bem como melhora dos sintomas gastrointestinais. Conclusões: Existem evidências de que a suplementação com probióticos possa ser recomendada na prática clínica como adjuvante da terapia antiretroviral. Entretanto, em decorrência da complexidade do assunto e de os estudos nessa temática serem escassos e heterogêneos, faz-se necessários mais estudos a fim de determinar cepas, tempo de intervenção, dosagens, bem como a efetividade do uso de probióticos por pacientes com HIV.

Copyright of ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M. is the property of Knowledge E DMCC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, several studies have demonstrated the involvement of the intestinal microbiota in immune-mediated diseases such as diabetes, ulcerative colitis, and multiple sclerosis. There are few data on the follicular microbiome and its role in the pathogenesis of scalp diseases. Some studies show influence of dysbiosis on these diseases, and manipulation of the microbiome may represent a possible therapeutic option. This article reviews current knowledge regarding the impact of dysbiosis on dermatological diseases of the scalp, such as seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, androgenetic alopecia, lichen planus pilaris, frontal fibrosing alopecia and decalvant folliculitis. A broader understanding of this may suggest additional treatments beyond conventional therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, several studies have demonstrated the involvement of the intestinal microbiota in immune-mediated diseases such as diabetes, ulcerative colitis, and multiple sclerosis. There are few data on the follicular microbiome and its role in the pathogenesis of scalp diseases. Some studies show influence of dysbiosis on these diseases, and manipulation of the microbiome may represent a possible therapeu- tic option. This article reviews current knowledge regarding the impact of dysbiosis on dermatological diseases of the scalp, such as seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, androgenetic alopecia, lichen planus pilaris, frontal fibrosing alopecia and decalvant folliculitis. A broader understanding of this may suggest additional treatments beyond conventional therapies.

Introduction: Sweeteners are additives used in different foods. They can be natural (sucrose and stevia) or artificial (sucralose). Currently, they are routinely consumed in multiple products and their effects on the mucosa of the small intestine and its microbiota are still controversial. Objective: To relate the consumption of sweeteners and their effect on the immune system and the microbiota of the small intestine in CD1 mice. Materials and methods: We used 54 three-week-old CD1 mice divided into three groups in the experiments: 1) A group of three weeks without treatment, 2) a group treated for six weeks, and 3) a group treated for 12 weeks using sucrose, sucralose, and stevia. We obtained CD19+ B lymphocytes, IgA+ antibodies, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b), and interleukins 12 and 17 (IL-12 and -17) from Peyer's patches and lamina propria cells while DNA was obtained from intestinal solids to identify bacterial species. Results: After 12 weeks, sucrose and sucralose consumption caused a reduction in bacterial communities with an increase in CD19+, a decrease in IgA+ and TGF-b, and an increase in IL-12 and -17 in the Peyer's patches while in the lamina propria there was an increase in all parameters. In contrast, stevia led to an improvement in bacterial diversity and percentage of CD19+ lymphocytes with minimal increase in IgA+, TGF-b, and IL-12, and a decrease in IL-17. Conclusion: Sucrose and sucralose caused negative alterations in bacterial diversity and immune parameters after 12 weeks; in contrast, stevia was beneficial for the intestinal mucosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Probiotics and prebiotics are fundamental to intestinal function and when administered together they stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria. However, more practical research is needed to discover the impact of habitual intake of these elements. Objective: To investigate eating habits and consumption of food sources or supplementation of probiotics and prebiotics in the influence of gastrointestinal symptoms and intestinal habits in students of health courses. Materials and methods: This study was performed using a cross-sectional analysis. The sample consisted of a total of 433 students from health courses. Questionnaires about eating habits, gastrointestinal symptoms, and the Bristol scale were used. Results: Most students reported not consuming probiotic sources, totaling 78.3% (n=339) of the sample. In contrast, regarding the consumption of prebiotics, 89.6% (n=388) of the sample reported consuming foods that are sources of prebiotics. Concerning gastrointestinal symptoms, there was no association between the consumption of probiotics and prebiotics and the absence of mild symptoms/symptoms. However, the consumption of probiotics and prebiotics directly influenced the type of stools reported. Conclusion: The consumption of probiotics and prebiotics was not associated with the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms; however, it positively influenced the type of feces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência de sinais e sintomas de disbiose intestinal entre pacientes obesos atendidos em âmbito ambulatorial em uma instituição de ensino de Brasília-DF. Métodos: Estudo descritivo transversal de caráter quantitativo. Os dados foram coletados por meio do Questionário de Rastreamento Metabólico em 30 pacientes diagnosticados com Obesidade (Índice de Massa Corporal > ou = 30,0), residentes em Brasília e entorno, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 20 e 55 anos. Resultados: Observou-se uma prevalência elevada de hipersensibilidade nos sujeitos investigados (57%) e sinais e sintomas de disbiose intestinal em 17% dos casos. Os sintomas mais frequentes foram: Eructação e Flatulência, em 70% da amostra; Azia, em 70%; Distensão Abdominal, em 53%; Diarreia, em 43% e Dor Estomacal, em 43% dos sujeitos investigados. Conclusão: O presente estudo indicou uma prevalência de sinais e sintomas de disbiose intestinal em 17% dos pacientes investigados, desta forma, recomenda-se mais estratégias de intervenção por parte dos profissionais, como: o consumo de uma dieta mais mediterrânea e menos ocidentalizada, a prática de atividade física, a criação de alimentos específicos que trabalhem o microbioma gastrointestinal de forma a favorecer um estado nutricional.

Introducción. La inflamación del antro gástrico por Helicobacter pylori aumenta el riesgo de úlcera duodenal, y la del cuerpo gástrico puede producir gastritis atrófica e incrementar la probabilidad de cáncer gástrico. Estas reacciones inflamatorias diferenciadas según su localización, podrían explicarse por la composición de la microbiota gástrica asociada con H. pylori. Objetivo. Identificar y comparar la microbiota del antro y del cuerpo del estómago en individuos de dos poblaciones: una con alto riesgo y otra con bajo riesgo de cáncer gástrico en Nariño, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se incluyeron biopsias del cuerpo y el antro gástrico de pacientes con gastritis no atrófica o con gastritis atrófica y metaplasia. La microbiota se definió por secuenciación de la región V3-V4 del gen 16S del ARNr de H. pylori (illumina-MiSeq™). Las unidades taxonómicas operativas se clasificaron utilizando las bases de datos BLASTn y RDPII. Las diferencias entre las poblaciones microbianas del antro y del cuerpo gástrico se evaluaron mediante el análisis de varianza multivariado con base en permutaciones (Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance, PERMANOVA) y análisis multivariados. Resultados. La clase Epsilonproteobacteria representada por H. pylori fue más abundante en las biopsias del antro y del cuerpo de los individuos con gastritis no atrófica (>50 %), en tanto que, en los individuos con gastritis no atrófica, esta clase correspondió al 20 % con una mayor diversidad metagenómica. La infección por H. pylori disminuyó significativamente la diversidad metagenómica del antro (p=0,005), en comparación con la del cuerpo gástrico. Conclusiones. Los grupos bacterianos involucrados en la disbacteriosis pueden colonizar ambas regiones topográficas del estómago, independientemente de las reacciones sectorizadas de inflamación. La infección por H. pylori asociada con la microbiota gástrica está relacionada con su localización en el estómago, el tipo de lesión y el mayor o menor riesgo de cáncer gástrico, lo que sugiere su importancia en la disbacteriosis y la de esta en la enfermedad gástrica.

La microbiota intestinal es el conjunto de millones de microrganismos vivos ubicados en el tracto gastrointestinal. Es indispensable en múltiples funciones del organismo, regulación de la inmunidad, en aspectos nutricionales y procesos de inflamación sistémica entre otros. La disbiosis es la alteración del equilibrio de la microbiota normal, debido a cambios en la composición, funcionamiento, orden o su distribución; esto puede predisponer al individuo a la adquisición de enfermedades gastrointestinales, alérgicas y metabólicas, entre otras. El objetivo del presente artículo es realizar una revisión narrativa de la literatura sobre los conceptos claves de la microbiota intestinal, sus asociaciones fisiopatológicas con desórdenes gastrointestinales, alérgicos y metabólicos en pediatría.

Introducción: la microbiota intestinal es considerada un nuevo órgano implicado en la regulación del peso corporal y las enfermedades asociadas a la obesidad. Diversos factores pueden afectar la salud del huésped. Objetivo: analizar la asociación entre los factores que influencian el desarrollo de la microbiota intestinal y el estado nutricional antropométrico de niños. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo y trasversal. Se incluyeron 84 historias clínicas de niños < 6 años: vía de nacimiento, toma de antibióticos, tipo de alimentación láctea y características de la dieta. Se registró peso y talla. Resultados: no se encontró asociación entre las variables estudiadas y el estado nutricional antropométrico. Si hubo asociación (p

Introdução: O transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH) é um dos potenciais tratamentos curativos utilizados para pacientes com doenças hematológicas e outras doenças imunes. Durante o transplante, o paciente é submetido ao condicionamento e a outros tratamentos, como radioterapia e quimioterapia, o que pode causar a perda da diversidade da microbiota intestinal. A manipulação da microbiota intestinal com probióticos vem sendo apontada como uma estratégia de prevenção de complicações nos pacientes submetidos ao TCTH. Objetivo: Identificar se há evidências científicas relacionadas à segurança e aos benefícios da utilização de probióticos em pacientes submetidos ao TCTH. Método: Revisão integrativa com base em estudos que abordassem o uso de probióticos para o caso específico de pacientes submetidos ao TCTH publicados entre 2000 a 2018. Resultados: Foram selecionados cinco estudos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, com um total de 52 pacientes. A utilização de probióticos na prevenção e/ou tratamento da diarreia tem mostrado resultados positivos em pacientes com diarreia induzida por antibióticos ou por infecções bacterianas, porém os estudos ainda não destacam benefícios no uso de probióticos no caso específico de pacientes submetidos ao TCTH. Poucos estudos mostram o uso de probióticos para auxílio na melhora dos sintomas associados a infecções ou bacteremias em pacientes imunossuprimidos. Conclusão: O uso de probióticos na população submetida ao TCTH e em imunossuprimidos ainda é controverso, sendo necessários mais estudos que demonstrem os benefícios no uso dessa estratégia para esse público.

Intestinal dysbiosis is a health-damaging condition caused by qualitative and quantitative changes in the intestinal microbiota. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of signs and symptoms suggestive of intestinal dysbiosis in the Nutrition course of a Public Institution of Higher Education. It is a quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional research. Data collection was performed from september to november 2018, through the application of two questionnaires: an elaborated questionnaire addressing socioeconomic information and the Metabolic Tracing Questionnaire, from the Brazilian Institute of Functional Nutrition. The study sample comprised 186 students, of which 151 (81.19%) were female and 35 (18.81%) were male, ranging in age from 18 to 60 years. The results suggested that the prevalence of signs and symptoms suggestive of intestinal dysbiosis among nutrition students (97.31%) is high. The indicative of hypersensitivity that may be suggestive of dysbiosis was observed in 43.01% (n = 80) of the evaluated subjects. The most prevalent symptom reported by the participants was distended abdominal / abdominal swelling, with a percentage of 57.53%, of an audience of 107 people. Thus, it is important to pay attention to the in-depth knowledge of the composition and activity of the intestinal microbiota, since this process should lead to new therapeutic interventions based on the possible modulation of this microbiome, resulting in an improvement in patients' quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obesity is identified by the World Health Organization as one of the biggest public health problems in the world. The advance of the global obesity epidemic and its resulting harms are sufficient conditions for there to be actions aimed at preventing this syndrome and its an impact on public health. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze obesity and food consumption in a "health academy" in the city of Sobral, state of Ceará, Brazil. Method: The study sample consisted of 30 females aged between 18 and 59. All survey respondents were part of a group of people that practiced physical activity under the supervision of a physical education professional. The data were collected through interviews in which a food frequency questionnaire focusing on specific food groups was applied for further analysis of food consumption. Results: Nutritional status was evaluated by the body mass index (BMI) parameters provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). Overweight and obesity were prevalent in much of the sample studied. Information gathered from the dietary instrument showed high consumption of refined carbohydrates (including sugars and sugary drinks), associated with high consumption of red meat and low consumption of fruit and vegetables. This consumption profile is one of the leading causes of obesity in the world today. Conclusion: A positive association between food and the nutritional status of the routine sample was observed, which indicates a possible state of dysbiosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND In recent years, especially after the development of sophisticated metagenomic studies, research on the intestinal microbiota has increased, radically transforming our knowledge about the microbiome and its association with health maintenance and disease development in humans. Increasing evidence has shown that a permanent alteration in microbiota composition or function (dysbiosis) can alter immune responses, metabolism, intestinal permeability, and digestive motility, thereby promoting a proinflammatory state. Such alterations can mainly impair the host’s immune and metabolic functions, thus favoring the onset of diseases such as diabetes, obesity, digestive, neurological, autoimmune, and neoplastic diseases. This comprehensive review is a compilation of the available literature on the formation of the complex intestinal ecosystem and its impact on the incidence of diseases such as obesity, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and digestive neoplasms. CONCLUSION: Alterations in the composition and function of the gastrointestinal microbiota (dysbiosis) have a direct impact on human health and seem to have an important role in the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal diseases, whether inflammatory, metabolic, or neoplastic ones.

Fundamento: Los fructanos tipo inulina de cadena corta se nombran fructooligosacáridos (FOS) y son considerados prebióticos al beneficiar la salud del huésped. Objetivo: Analizar tres de los más importantes beneficios a la salud de los fructanos tipo inulina como prebióticos. Metodología: Se revisaron documentos publicados en diferentes bases de datos (PubMed, Medline, NCBI) en idioma inglés. Se escogieron los que aportaron datos sobre la influencia de los prebióticos en la microbiota intestinal, la obesidad y la saciedad. Se utilizó el método de análisis documental para evaluar los resultados de diferentes ensayos clínicos. Resultados: Se revisaron un total de 70 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 49 que contenían ensayos clínicos controlados y evidencias sobre los efectos beneficiosos en la salud de los fructanos tipo inulina. Conclusiones: Los fructanos tipo inulina en general, y los fructooligosacáridos en particular, al ser fermentados en el tracto gastrointestinal producen ácidos grasos de cadena corta; estos productos de la fermentación favorecen el desarrollo de microorganismos beneficiosos en detrimento de otros perjudiciales. De igual forma los ácidos grasos de cadena corta pueden regular el metabolismo de los lípidos y la sensación de saciedad.

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of signs and symptoms of intestinal dysbiosis among obese patients attended at an outpatient setting in a teaching institution in Brasília-DF. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. The data were collected through the Metabolic Screening Questionnaire in 30 patients diagnosed with Obesity (Body Mass Index> or = 30.0), living in Brasilia and surroundings, of both sexes, aged between 20 and 55 years. Results: There was a high prevalence of hypersensitivity in the subjects investigated (57%) and signs and symptoms of intestinal dysbiosis in 17% of the cases. The most frequent symptoms were: Eructation and Flatulence, in 70% of the sample; Heartburn, 70%; Abdominal distention in 53%; Diarrhea, 43% and Stomach Pain, in 43% of the investigated subjects. Conclusions: The present study indicated a prevalence of signs and symptoms of intestinal dysbiosis in 17% of the patients investigated. Therefore, it is recommended more intervention strategies by professionals, such as: consumption of a more Mediterranean and less westernized diet, the practice of physical activity, the creation of specific foods that work the gastrointestinal microbioma in order to favor a nutritional state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Nutrición Clínica y Dietética Hospitalaria is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Dietetica y Ciencias de la Alimentacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Food biotechnology is a weapon of millenary improvement in the agri-food sector. Most of our foods have been improved using biotechnological tools, although many times we do not know it. The latest generation of this update are the so-called genetically modified foods that are subject to great social controversy, mainly in the European Union. At present, its use implies a lower environmental impact and a greater income for the farmer, for what most probably they will prevail. Still, it is not the only possibility of using biotechnology in the agri-food sector. In this sense, the use of genomics opens up exciting possibilities. The sequencing of genomes is allowed in the knowledge of the raw materials of foods. But in addition, genomics is studying the microorganisms present in the human body. Those that populate the digestive tract, the so-called gut microbiome, is very important for our diet. We are beginning to understand their role in health and disease. This opens possibilities of nutritional intervention with probiotics and prebiotics that largely mark the future of food and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La enfermedad renal crónica y el estado urémico se asocian con alteraciones en la permeabilidad intestinal y cambios en la microbiota intestinal, provocando una mayor producción y translocación de toxinas urémicas como sulfato de indoxilo (IS) y sulfato de p-cresilo (pCS), detonando una respuesta inflamatoria. El estado inflamatorio y el incremento en concentraciones séricas de IS y pCS se han asociado con una mayor mortalidad, mayor número de eventos cardiovasculares y mayores alteraciones en el metabolismo mineral y óseo. Se han estudiado diversas estrategias nutricionales y farmacológicas para modular la microbiota intestinal y mejorar las alteraciones en la permeabilidad intestinal, entre ellas la suplementación con probióticos, prebióticos y simbióticos, modificaciones en la composición de la dieta y uso de agentes adsorbentes. El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar una revisión de las causas de las alteraciones intestinales y de la microbiota intestinal en el paciente con enfermedad renal crónica, analizando las consecuencias de dichos cambios y las intervenciones estudiadas hasta la actualidad.