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Na determinação de diâmetros médios, a ortogonalidade entre os diâmetros medidos - maior e menor — é requisito essencial. Em se tratando de estruturas microscópicas, tais tomadas de medida são comumente efetuadas através de ocular micrométrica e, com o procedimento convencional de uso desse instrumento, aquele requisito não é atendido. Um outro procedimento é proposto, através do qual, mesmo com o uso de ocular micrométrica simples, a ortogonalidade entre os diâmetros maiores e menor é assegurada.

The intestines of Sturnira lilium, Phyllostomus hastatus, Carolliaperspicillata, GlossophagasoricinaíindDesmodus rotundus were analized through macroscopic, morphometric and light microscopy studies. The species studied presented some common charactenstics generally found in bats, such as the absence of a caecum and an appendix. The frugivorous bat S. lilium has a longer intestine than the other species. The intestinal epithelium is of the simple columnar type, constituted of absorptive cells characterized by microvilli and goblet cells, which in all the species proved to be PAS + and AB +. These cells presented some differences in quantity and in distribution among the species. The intestinal mucosa presented morphologic and morphometric differences, such as the shape and size of villi as well as the length of the crypts of Lieberkühn. Histologically the different intestinal portions could be distinguished: in the middle portion we found few goblet cells and long villi; in the distal portion we found an increase in goblet cells and a decrease in villi height; and in the large intestine no villi were found, but rather abundant intestinal glands with numerous goblet cells. In C. perspicillata, P. hastatus and G. soricina we could observe Peyeras patches in the distal portion near the large intestine, whereas in D. rotundus and S. lilium we found aggregations of lymphoid nodulous tissue distributed along the tube. In all species we observed the presence of Paneth cells at the base of the crypts of Lieberkühn. We could observe differences among the species in the distribution of collagen in the small intestine submucosa and serosa. The outer muscular layer has one circular layer and a longitudinal layer, the circular layer increasing in thickness along the tube. Large intestine charactenstics are uniform among the species. Sfractures such as the taenia coli and the appendices epiploicae were absent. These results should contribute not only to improve understanding of bat morphology, but also to provide grounds for the evaluation of evolutionary models on the adaptive radiation of phyllostomid feeding habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Orthogonality between major and minor measuring diameters is an essential requirement when mean diameter determination has to be performed. For the microscopic dimensions, however, simple micrometer eyepieces and its conventional usage don't provide that geometric relation. In order to attend to that requirement, a new procedure for the use of such a file is presented.Na determinação de diâmetros médios, a ortogonalidade entre os diâmetros medidos - maior e menor — é requisito essencial. Em se tratando de estruturas microscópicas, tais tomadas de medida são comumente efetuadas através de micrométrica e, com o procedimento convencional de uso desse instrumento, aquele requisito não é atendido. Um outro procedimento é proposto, através do qual, mesmo com o uso de micrométrica simples, a ortogonalidade entre os diâmetros maiores e menor é assegurada.