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We present JRDB, a novel egocentric dataset collected from our social mobile manipulator JackRabbot. The dataset includes 64 minutes of annotated multimodal sensor data including stereo cylindrical 360$^\circ$ RGB video at 15 fps, 3D point clouds from two Velodyne 16 Lidars, line 3D point clouds from two Sick Lidars, audio signal, RGB-D video at 30 fps, 360$^\circ$ spherical image from a fisheye camera and encoder values from the robot's wheels. Our dataset incorporates data from traditionally underrepresented scenes such as indoor environments and pedestrian areas, all from the ego-perspective of the robot, both stationary and navigating. The dataset has been annotated with over 2.3 million bounding boxes spread over 5 individual cameras and 1.8 million associated 3D cuboids around all people in the scenes totaling over 3500 time consistent trajectories. Together with our dataset and the annotations, we launch a benchmark and metrics for 2D and 3D person detection and tracking. With this dataset, which we plan on extending with further types of annotation in the future, we hope to provide a new source of data and a test-bench for research in the areas of egocentric robot vision, autonomous navigation, and all perceptual tasks around social robotics in human environments.

Aim. To evaluate intraoperative doses of administered heparin to achieve the target value of activated clotting time (ACT) in patients receiving preoperative anticoagulant therapy with warfarin or one of the non-vitamin K antagonists oral anticoagulants (NOAC).Materials and methods. The study was of a retrospective. Inclusion criteria: patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who have indications for catheter ablation in accordance with national clinical guidelines; age 18-75 years; absence of thrombus and the effect of echocontrasting 3-4 stage in the left atrium cavity according to transesophageal echocardiography or computed tomography with contrast enhancement; regular intake of anticoagulants prescribed at least 3 weeks before hospitalization. Exclusion criteria: additional intake of antiplatelet drugs; contraindications to the anticoagulant therapy, including intolerance to the components of drugs; weight more than 100 kg. According to the criteria for inclusion in the study 279 patients were included (211 of them received warfarin and 68 received one of the NOAC). The mean age of the patients was 59.2±8.9 years, the body mass index was 59.2±8.9 kg/m2. Among them, men accounted for 155 (55,6%), diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 28 (10%), arterial hypertension - in 224 (80.3%), coronary heart disease - in 103 (36.9%). Paroxysmal AF was observed in 185 (66.3%) of patients, persistent AF - in 77 (27.6%), and long-standing persistent AF - in 17 (6.1%). To ensure maximum comparability of the groups pseudorandomization was performed with the formation of 67 pairs of patients.Results. A group of patients taking warfarin for preoperative preparation required lower doses of heparin to achieve the target AСT and amounted to 14.8±5.1 thousand ME compared to 17.9±4.4 thousand ME in the NOAC group (p=0.0001). Despite the lower dose of heparin the ACT level in the warfarin group was significantly higher than in patients taking NOAC (441.5±203.4 sec. and 345.4±148.8 sec. accordingly, p=0.0001).Conclusions. A significantly lower dose of heparin was required in the warfarin group to achieve the target ACT (>300) than in the group of NOAC, while the maximum ACT value was higher. Thus, with the standard starting dose of heparin, the target anticoagulation was achieved faster in patients receiving warfarin.

Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy is a standard of care in recurrent metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (RMHNSCC). Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have immunomodulatory properties and have offered promising results when combined with anti-PD-1 agents. We conducted a phase 2, multicenter, single-arm trial of pembrolizumab and cabozantinib in patients with RMHNSCC who had Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v.1.1 measurable disease and no contraindications to either agent. We assessed the primary end points of tolerability and overall response rate to the combination with secondary end points of progression-free survival and overall survival and performed correlative studies with PDL-1 and combined positive score, CD8(+) T cell infiltration and tumor mutational burden. A total of 50 patients were screened and 36 were enrolled with 33 evaluable for response. The primary end point was met, with 17 out of 33 patients having a partial response (52%) and 13 (39%) stable disease with an overall clinical benefit rate of 91%. Median and 1-year overall survival were 22.3 months (95% confidence interval (CI) = 11.7–32.9) and 68.4% (95 % CI = 45.1%–83.5%), respectively. Median and 1-year progression-free survival were 14.6 months (95% CI = 8.2–19.6) and 54% (95% CI = 31.5%–72%), respectively. Grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events included increased aspartate aminotransferase (n = 2, 5.6%). In 16 patients (44.4%), the dose of cabozantinib was reduced to 20 mg daily. The overall response rate correlated positively with baseline CD8(+) T cell infiltration. There was no observed correlation between tumor mutational burden and clinical outcome. Pembrolizumab and cabozantinib were well tolerated and showed promising clinical activity in patients with RMHNSCC. Further investigation of similar combinations are needed in RMHNSCC. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT03468218.

Co-IP of HER2 in MDA686TU cells

PDX tumor growth of patient 3 under the treatment of indicated drug

Purpose: Our previous work suggested that HER3 inhibition sensitizes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) to EGFR inhibition with cetuximab. This study aimed to define the role of HER3 in cetuximab resistance and the antitumor mechanisms of EGFR/HER3 dual targeting in HNSCC.Experimental Design: We treated cetuximab-resistant HNSCC UMSCC1-C and parental UMSCC1-P cell lines with anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab, anti-HER3 antibody MM-121, and their combination. We assessed activities of HER2, HER3, and downstream signaling pathways by Western blotting and cell growth by sulforhodamine B (SRB) and colony formation assays. HER3-specific shRNA was used to confirm the role of HER3 in cetuximab response. The combined efficacy and alterations in biomarkers were evaluated in UMSCC1-C xenograft and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models.Results: Cetuximab treatment induced HER3 activation and HER2/HER3 dimerization in HNSCC cell lines. Combined treatment with cetuximab and MM-121 blocked EGFR and HER3 activities and inhibited the PI3K/AKT and ERK signaling pathways and HNSCC cell growth more effectively than each antibody alone. HER3 knockdown reduced HER2 activation and resensitized cells to cetuximab. Cetuximab-resistant xenografts and PDX models revealed greater efficacy of dual EGFR and HER3 inhibition compared with single antibodies. In PDX tissue samples, cetuximab induced HER3 expression and MM-121 reduced AKT activity.Conclusions: Clinically relevant PDX models demonstrate that dual targeting of EGFR and HER3 is superior to EGFR targeting alone in HNSCC. Our study illustrates the upregulation of HER3 by cetuximab as one mechanism underlying resistance to EGFR inhibition in HNSCC, supporting further clinical investigations using multiple targeting strategies in patients who have failed cetuximab-based therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 23(3); 677–86. ©2016 AACR.

Primary EGFR, HER3 expression in PDX patients

Patients Disease Characteristics

PDX tumor growth of patient 2,4,5 under the treatment of indicated drug

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women residing in the United States. Early detection through mammogram screening can decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. For women with diabetes, however, incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer are increased.This was a retrospective examination, identifying orders and completion of mammogram among patients with and without diabetes, 2015 to 2019, through the electronic health record. Diabetes and other factors were identified as possible predictors of completion.Of the 16,688 patients who were included in this study, only 54.5% successfully completed mammography orders prescribed by their primary care physician. The 40 to 49 age group had the highest order completion rate at 57.6%. The prevalence of diabetes in this sample was 21.3%. Overall, 51.6% of patients with diabetes completed mammogram orders compared with 55.3% of patients without diabetes.Patients with diabetes were significantly less likely to complete mammogram screenings (51.6%) compared with patients without diabetes (55.3%), despite there being an increased incidence of breast cancer among patients with diabetes. Factors such as the lack of access to treatment centers, affordability, patient education, among others may have contributed to low completion rates.

Major trauma networks reduce mortality in critically injured patients. Trauma patients should be appropriately triaged straight from the scene of injury, avoiding secondary transfer from a trauma unit. Selection criteria in regionally agreed triage tools are designed to identify which patients should be taken directly to the major trauma centre. Patients with life-threatening injuries still arrive at ‘trauma units’ in circumstances such as self-presentation, under triage, physiological instability or long journey time to the major trauma centre. This article presents a theoretical case of a haemodynamically unstable patient with penetrating injuries, and discusses the management of chest trauma, including diagnosis of life-threatening injuries, resuscitation strategies and definitive surgical management. Secondary transfer to the major trauma centre should be considered after instituting the minimal life-saving interventions. What constitutes a life-saving intervention requires an individual dynamic risk assessment and an understanding of major trauma networks.

Introduction: Children with a Autism spectrum disorders have impairment in the area of communication and social interaction and often display repetitive and non often display. Their parents having stress a to manage their children to education and future purpose. This study has assessed the stress level in parents and manage their stress with coping mechanism. Aims and Objective: 1) To assess the level of stress among parents of children with autism.2) To find association between level of stress and selected demographic variables. Methods: The data for main study collection was 30 Parents. Description of the tools refers to the explanation of the content of the tool. The researcher lists the number of items and the scoring for each item in the tool. The tool used for the present study is Parenting stress index - Scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to analyses the data by using SPSS-20 software. We use purposive sampling technique. Results: The majority of the parents having a moderate stress (83.3%), and severe stress (10%) and mild stress (6.66%) and nonstress level (0.0%). the stress level analysis showed that stress in parents (R=0.321, p=0.00) at significance of 0.05 level present. Conclusion: The present study concluded that there is a stress level of parents among children having a moderate stress and there is a no any association between the level of stress and selected demographic variable.

In 2007, the acute care common stem pathway changed the delivery of acute specialty training. Acute care common stem is the core training programme for all emergency medicine trainees, 46% of anaesthetic trainees and a cohort of acute medicine trainees with more than 630 places nationally, the third highest of any core training programme. In their first 2 years of core training (CT1–2), trainees rotate through 6-month rotations in emergency medicine, acute medicine, anaesthetics and intensive care to gain core competencies in the assessment and management of acutely unwell patients, before completing 1 year (CT3) in their parent specialty. Acute care common stem trainees benefit from undertaking rotations in allied acute specialties, which is invaluable when treating complex and comorbid patients in an ageing population. Acute care common stem gives trainees core skills in management of acutely unwell patients, which can be built upon in higher specialty training.

PD-L1 testing guides therapeutic decision-making for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We sought to understand whether chemoradiation therapy (CRT) influences the PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) and other biomarkers of response to immunotherapy. PD-L1 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry, and bulk RNA sequencing was performed on 146 HNSCC patients (65 primary sites, 50 paired local recurrences, and 31 paired regional recurrences). PD-L1 was scored using the CPS of ≥1, ≥20, and ≥50. Overall, 98 %, 54 %, and 17 % of HNSCCs had a CPS ≥1, ≥20, and ≥50, respectively. When using a cut-off of ≥1, CRT did not significantly change CPS at the locoregional recurrent site. However, there were significant changes when using CPS ≥20 or ≥50. The CPS changed for 32 % of patients when using a CPS ≥20 (p 0.001). When using a CPS ≥50, there was a 20-23 % (p = 0.0058-0.00067) discordance rate at the site of locoregional recurrence. Oral cavity cancers had a significantly higher discordant rate than other primary sites for CPS ≥50, 44 % (8/18, p = 0.0058) and 58 % (7/12, p = 0.00067) discordance at the site of local and regional recurrence, respectively. When evaluating the 18 gene IFN-ɣ signature predictive of response to anti-PD-1 blockade, there was a statistically significant increase in the IFN-ɣ signature in recurrent larynx cancer (p = 0.02). Our study demonstrates that when using a higher cut-off of CPS ≥20 and ≥50, a repeat biopsy may be warranted after CRT for local and regional recurrent HNSCCs.

Background Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or end-stage renal disease receiving dialysis have an increased risk of developing malignancies, but few data are available on cancer in patients with both conditions. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the incidence of selected malignancies and identify their potential risk factors in HIV-infected dialysis patients. Methods This study was a nationwide cohort analysis using the US Renal Data System. Participants included all HIV-infected patients starting dialysis from 2005 to 2011. HIV status, comorbidities and malignancies were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes. Descriptive statistics and generalized linear models quantifying risk factors were performed for the overall cohort and the three most common malignancies. Results Overall, 6641 HIV-infected dialysis patients were identified, with 543 (8.2%) carrying a malignancy diagnosis. The most common malignancies were non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL, 25%), Kaposi sarcoma (KS, 16%) and colorectal cancer (13%). Factors increasing the risk of any malignancy diagnosis included: history of cancer [adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 5.37], two or more acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining opportunistic infections (ADOIs) (aRR = 3.11), one ADOI (aRR = 2.23), cirrhosis (aRR = 2.20), male sex (aRR = 1.54) and hepatitis B (aRR = 1.52). For NHL and colorectal cancer, history of cancer (aRR = 7.05 and 9.80, respectively) was the most significant risk factor. For KS, two or more ADOIs (aRR = 6.78) was the largest risk factor. Conclusions Over 8% of HIV-infected dialysis patients developed a malignancy. History of cancer and ADOIs were major risk factors, underscoring the significance of immune dysregulation in malignancy development.