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The concept of higher education for railway engineers is not standardized and differ by regions and countries. The skills and knowledge needed by today’s rail engineers are rapidly changing, and engineering education programs are struggling to keep up with those changes. Upcoming rail engineering professionals must be able to learn how to exploit technical and technological innovative solutions in order to satisfy complex customer requirements and develop, manage, plan and use the future rail systems. In this paper we present the current situation in higher education for the countries in the region and focus on what should be incorporated in the new curricula for railway engineering higher education.

Simulaciono modeliranje je veoma efikasan alat za analiziranje složenih železničkih sistema kao što su sistemi saobraćaja vozova na rasputnici. Rasputnica je službeno mesto gde se sa otvorene pruge odvaja druga pruga. Model sistema rasputnice predstavlja procese kretanja vozova preko izolovanih odseka sistema rasputnica. Granice modela postavljaju se u stanicama koje okružuju rasputnicu. Model Petrijevih mreža sistema rasputnice razvijen je tako da je svaka vrsta odseka predstavljena modulom (podsistemom) u grafu Petrijevih mreža. Izrada modela sistema rasputnice vrši se povezivanjem modula odseka po planu odseka, a zatim i njihovim obeležavanjem i definisanjem. Ulazni podaci potrebni za izvršenje simulacije, definišu se u bazi podataka koja je povezana sa simulacionim programom. Ulazni podaci o primarnom kašnjenju vozova generišu se u posebnom modelu ili modulu fazi Petrijeve mreže. Modeli kašnjenja vozova zasnivaju se na tehnikama računarske inteligencije. U slučaju kada postoje statistički podaci o prethodnim kašnjenjima, za proračune kašnjenja koriste se modeli zasnovani na neuronskim mrežama ili adaptivni neuro-fazi modeli. Ovi modeli se obučavaju i verifikuju podacima koji dobijenim praćenjem kretanja vozova i iz dnevnika otpravnika vozova. Kada nisu dostupni podaci o kašnjenju vozova u prethodnom periodu, primenjuje se model zasnovan na fazi logici, gde se ekspertsko znanje o ponašanju sistema koristi za kreiranje modela. U toku izvršenja simulacije, podaci o kretanju voza i zauzetosti odseka snimaju se u unapred definisanu bazu podataka. Stanja odseka i kretanje vozova tokom simulacije može se pratiti pomoću animacije i grafikona saobraćaja vozova. Baza podataka u kojoj se nalaze rezultati simulacije prilagođena je za jednostavnu obradu podataka i analizu rezultata. Model je testiran na primeru rasputnice „G“ beogradskog železničkog čvora. Nakon izrade, validacije i verifikacije modela rasputnice „G“, analizirani su rezultati modela preko sekundarnih kašnjenja vozova nastalih u sistemu rasputnice. Takođe, upoređena su različita infrastrukturna rešenja rasputnice... Simulation modelling is very efficient method for analysis of complex railway systems like railway junction system. Junction is a place on the track where another track diverges. Model of the junction system is comprised of the processes of train movement on insolated sections. Model boundaries are stations that are surrounding the junction system. Petri Net model of the junction system is defined as a model where all types of section blocks are denoted by a module or subsystem in the Petri Nets Graph. Building of the model is a process of connecting modules according to the junction section plan and then marking and defining them. Initial data for simulation is located in an external database connected to the simulation program. Input data on train primary delay is calculated either in separate model or in the fuzzy Petri net module. Models for calculating train primary delay are based on computational intelligence techniques. When there are historical data on train delays, primary delays are calculated by neural networks or adaptive neuro-fuzzy model. These models are trained and verified by data on previous train delays (from train detection systems or from dispatcher’s logs). When there are no data on previous delays in system, delays are calculated by a fuzzy logic model where experts’ knowledge on system behaviour is used to create a model. During simulation run data is exported to external predefined database. State of the sections and train movements are observed in animation window and in the trains’ time-distance graph. Database of simulation results is improved for data query and data analysis. Model is tested on a case study of junction “G” system located in Belgrade Railway Node. After model building, validation and verification of model, data results of simulation are analysed by secondary delays generated within the model. Also, different infrastructure solutions are compared...

Up-to-date radio communication technology known as the Future Railway Mobile Communication System (FRMCS) will soon replace the outdated GSM-R communication component on conventional and high-speed railways worldwide. This will contribute to higher operational safety, reliability and robustness while supporting existing and new railway applications, but also digitise the railway sector, making it more competitive among other modes. In the absence of precise migration strategies, this paper explores FRMCS implementation possibilities on the example of the Croatian railway network, which does not have GSM-R-based train control, but still uses an outdated radio dispatch system. Priority of FRMCS implementation is given mainly to main lines of international importance. Moreover, results show that choosing 900MHz-only and -partial implementation with an additional 1900MHz layer where necessary, would cost 50% of the 1900MHz implementation cost and 40% of the dual-layer implementation cost. Here demonstrated "greenfi eld" FRMCS deployment is practical not only for countries without GSM-R network, but also for those whose railway lines are partially equipped.