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3. How does a doll play affect socio-emotional development in children?:Evidence from behavioral and neuroimaging measures

Author

Sekine, Kazuki, Yamamoto, Eriko, Miyahara, Saeka, and Minagawa, Yasuyo

Subjects
doll play, social understanding, mentalizing, young children, fNIRS.
Abstract

Mentalization is an important ability to acquire for children,as it allows humans to understand the mental state of others oroneself, that underlies overt behavior (Fonagy & Target,1996). In the current study we examined the relationshipbetween development of mentalization ability in children andtheir experience of playing with a doll by observing child-mother interaction and by using functional near-infraredspectroscopy (fNIRS). 44 dyads of children aged 2 to 3 andtheir mothers were divided into two groups (high and low)depending on the frequency of doll-play experience. Weexamined mother-speech interaction during the doll play. Wealso used fNIRS system to measure cerebral hemodynamicactivation in the frontal and temporal regions during theobservation of video clips showing hindering and helpingbehaviors. The results showed that a mother’s proxy talk wasrelated to a child’s doll directed speech in the high group, butnot in the low group. fNRIS data showed that cerebralactivation in the helping condition was more increased in thelow group than the high group. This suggests that doll-playexperience facilitates the development of mentalization,which enables children to be aware of and understand other'spsychological states.

Published
2019

4. Neural and Physiological Correlates of Prosocial Behavior: Temporoparietal Junction Activity in 3-year-old Children.

Author

Yamamoto, Eriko, Hirokawa, Masakazu, Nunez, Eleuda, Hakuno, Yoko, Sekine, Kazuki, Miyahara, Saeka, Suzuki, Kenji, and Minagawa, Yasuyo

Subjects
HELPING behavior, PROSOCIAL behavior, CHILD behavior, TEMPOROPARIETAL junction, FACIAL expression
Abstract

Although the development of prosocial behavior has been widely studied from the behavioral aspect, the neural mechanisms underlying prosocial behavior in the early stages of development remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the neural mechanisms underlying the emergence of prosocial behavior in 3-year-old children. Brain activity in the medial pFC and right TPJ (rTPJ) and facial expression activity, which are related to the ability to infer others' mental states (mentalizing), during the observation of prosocial and antisocial scenes were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy and electromyography, respectively. Subsequently, the children's helping and comforting behaviors toward an experimenter were assessed to examine prosocial behavioral tendencies. A correlation analysis revealed that the children who showed stronger activity levels in the rTPJ while observing prosocial scenes had more immediate helping behaviors toward others than those who did not show stronger response levels. Moreover, the amount of facial expression activity correlated with prosocial behavior, including both helping and comforting behaviors. These results suggest that the development of mentalizing ability and the social evaluation of others' actions, mediated by the rTPJ, contribute to the emergence of prosocial behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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23. The effect of different information sources on prosodic boundary perception

Author

Ludusan, Bogdan, Morii, Masahiro, Minagawa, Yasuyo, and Dupoux, Emmanuel

Subjects
Humans, Perception, Language
Abstract

This study aims to quantify the effect of several information sources: acoustic, higher-level linguistic, and knowledge of the prosodic system of the language, on the perception of prosodic boundaries. An experiment with native and non-native participants investigating the identification of prosodic boundaries in Japanese was conducted. It revealed that non-native speakers as well as native speakers with access only to acoustic information can recognize boundaries better than chance level. However, knowledge of both the prosodic system and of higher-level information are required for a good boundary identification, each one having similar or higher importance than that of acoustic information.& nbsp;(C) 2021 Author(s). All article content, exceptwhere otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Published
2021

44. Effect of mother's voice on neonatal respiratory activity and EEG delta amplitude.

Author

Uchida, Mariko O., Arimitsu, Takeshi, Yatabe, Kiyomi, Ikeda, Kazushige, Takahashi, Takao, and Minagawa, Yasuyo

Abstract

Abstract: While the influence of the mother's voice on neonatal heart‐rate response and its relevant activity on cerebral cortex and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are well known, few studies have assessed its influence on respiratory activity. We investigated the relationship among the respiration rate, the delta wave amplitudes through electroencephalography, and the basal state of ANS through the respiratory variability index while 22 full‐term neonates hear their mother's voice and an unknown voice. It was found that when respiratory variability was large, a transient (<5 s) change in respiration rates was observed in response to an unknown voice, while a greater increase in the delta wave amplitude was observed in the frontal lobe than the parietal one in response to the mother's voice. Conversely, when respiratory variability was small, a sustained increase (>10 s) in respiration rates was observed in response to the mother's voice, while a greater increase in the delta wave amplitude was found in both the frontal and parietal lobes. These results suggest that the basal state of ANS influences the latency of increases in respiration rates. Furthermore, induced by the mother's voice, transient increases in respiration rates are reduced in association with frontal lobe activity, and sustained increases in respiration rates are promoted in association with frontal and parietal lobe activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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